Form Of Essay Research Articles

Automated Grading of Essay Using Natural Language Processing: A Comparative Analysis with Human Raters Across Multiple Essay Types

This study explores how well an automated essay grading (AEG) system, built with Natural Language Processing (NLP), aligns with human graders in assessing different types of essays. Using essays from 35 information technology (IT) students manually scored by human raters, the system’s performance was evaluated with statistical tools like weighted Cohen’s Kappa and the Friedman test. The results showed a moderate to substantial match between the automated essay grading system and human scores across essay types (argumentative, comparison and contrast, descriptive, narrative, and persuasive, suggesting that the system can reliably handle various writing styles. Also, no significant differences in grading reliability were found across essay formats, indicating that the system adapts well to different types of essays. These findings suggest that NLP-based essay grading systems could be valuable in educational settings, especially in large classes with high grading demands. While the system shows strong potential in the academic arena, focusing on assessment and further testing with a broader dataset is recommended to improve its generalizability and address complex writing elements, such as creativity and tone. This study contributes to educational technology by presenting a practical, scalable approach to consistent and objective essay grading, paving the way for the broader use of automated grading tools in education.

Efektivitas Model Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kemandirian dan Hasil Belajar pada Pembelajaran Matematika

The purpose of this study describes the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning model in increasing learning independence and learning outcomes of grade IV students in mathematics learning in elementary schools. The research method used is an experimental method with quasi-experimental design, the form of one group pretest – posttest design. Data collection tools in the form of observation sheets for the implementation of the Problem Based Learning model, learning independence questionnaires and student learning outcomes test sheets in the form of essays totaling 10 questions. Based on the results of the study, the average implementation of the learning model in the very good category was 90% at the first meeting and 95% at the second meeting. The Problem Based Learning model is effective in increasing learning independence and student learning outcomes as evidenced by the results of hypothesis tests obtained by the variables of learning independence and learning outcomes based on GIS (2-tailed) is 0.000 < 0.05. The variables of learning independence and learning outcomes obtained a significance value of 0.000 which is smaller than the significance of 0.005. Based on statistical calculations, the average learning outcomes of students before treatment was 62.39 and the average learning outcomes of students after treatment were 77.75. This means that the use of the Problem Based Learning model is effective in increasing learning independence, and the learning outcomes of grade IV students in mathematics learning in elementary schools.

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF APLIKASI EDPUZZLE PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN

One of the android applications that can be used to develop interactive learning media is by using the Edpuzzle application. The Edpuzzle application is an interesting and innovative application that is usually used to edit videos, both videos from personal, YouTube and others, which then in the video can be inserted various forms of questions can be in the form of essays, and multiple choice. This research method uses a design Meta-analysis research on Edpuzzle application learning media. Data collection techniques by looking for 9 articles of the same research results regarding Edpuzzle application in its use in the learning process. The results of this study show that the use and development of the Edpuzzle application has a positive impact on learning because it has good quality, is more efficient and practical to use in the learning process so that it can be useful and can be applied in the learning process at various levels of education.

Imagining Closure as a Proprioceptive Problem

Abstract This essay aims to advance theorisations of ‘closure’ as an emotion concept, and to offer new understandings of the relationship between emotion and imagination, including how such a dynamic might be studied. In justice contexts, ‘closure’ operates clumsily as both a legal outcome and an emotional expectation, an imagined affective state. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with people who work in, and who are caught up in, the justice system, the essay deploys approaches from phenomenological anthropology and creative writing to show how people’s imagining of ‘closure’ is often experienced proprioceptively, not narratively. It also shows the entanglement of form and method: how the essay form can be deployed in research as a critical imaginative tool.

Braiding the exegetical voice through creative nonfiction research

Finding or developing an exegetical voice may be confronting for the nascent writer-as-researcher: they must transition from undergraduate disciplinary skills and knowledge acquisition to postgraduate research, and grapple with creative/critical research thesis requirements. Applying the authors’ experiences supervising creative writing research candidates through Honours and Masters research projects, and in teaching the unit Manifestos at Deakin University, this paper will explore ways of traversing the perceived gap between creative and critical writing to help develop a creative/critical voice appropriate to the exegesis. To do so, this paper focuses on the experiential or personal essay form of creative nonfiction to initially identify the writer’s personal voice through a process of interweaving threads of the autobiographical, data or the factual, and the universal (Huxley, 1959). A writer’s manifesto, composed as part of a research program, then enables emerging writer-as-researchers to consolidate that voice as a bridge to writing their exegesis. Bringing together these aspects of writerly voice may lead to a complex exegetical pattern as a response to the tensions between the creative and critical in research: something like the braid this paper attempts to emulate in its structure. This paper argues that the exegesis is an experiment in voice balancing fragmentation and cohesion with a manifesto-style belief in the writing process, and creative responses to theory as rigorous approaches to research.

Purposeful remixing with generative AI: Constructing designer voice in multimodal composing

In multimodal writing, students can mobilize both linguistic and non-linguistic resources to express their real or imagined identities. But at the same time, when students are limited to choosing from available online resources, their voices might be compromised due to the incompatibility between their authorial intentions and the materials available to them. This study, therefore, investigates whether the use of generative AI tools could help student authors construct a more consistent voice in multimodal writing. In this study, we have designed a photo essay assignment where students recount a story in the form of photo essays and prompt AI image-generating tools to create photos for their storytelling. Drawing on interview data, written reflections, written annotations, and multimodal products from seven focal participants, we have identified two remixing practices–layering and blending–through which students attempted to establish a coherent and unique voice in writing. The study sheds light on the intentional and discursive nature of multimodal writing with AI as afforded by the technological flexibility, while also highlighting the practical and ethical challenges that could be attributed to students’ insufficient prompt and multimodal literacy and the innate limitations of AI systems. This study provides important implications for incorporating AI tools in designing multimodal writing tasks.

Interpretation of Myers–Briggs Type Indicator personality profiles based on ambivert continuum scale

The problem of the middle group in personalities refers to the difficulty in accurately classifying individuals who fall between the extremes of extroversion and introversion. This group, also known as ambiverts, may exhibit characteristics of both extroversion and introversion, making it challenging to determine their dominant personality trait. This paper explores the concept of the “middle-group” personality, which falls between the extrovert and introvert extremes, in the context of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Using multiple MBTI datasets, experiments were conducted to classify profiles in the Extraversion/Introversion (EI) scale using state-of-the-art transformer methods. Using the classification results, we identify differences between social media profiles and formal essay writings for personality and give detailed statistical analyses on the stylistic and psycholinguistic differences between introversion, extraversion, and the middle group. We also provide the benchmark results on transformers for different experimental setups on the ambivert continuum scale.

Pele negra, máquinas do tempo: leituras sobre legado escravista e utopias através da viagem no tempo em Kindred e Dawn de Octavia Butler

While studying the bibliography of the course Afropessimism, Afrofuturism and critical theories of race, taught by Prof. Dr. Marcos Piason Natali, it was possible to identify the multiple sufferings experienced by the black masses in the world in the form of literature, music, poetry and essays. Sometimes, these sufferings are projected into images of another life, imaginary worlds where dreams entangled with nightmares constitute another sociability, marked by complex desires and evil legacies. In the following pages, I investigate what I assume to be Octavia Butler's aesthetic subversion of the types of time travel in the novels Kindred (1979) and Dawn (1987). Firstly, we will discuss what meanings can be extracted from the comparison between the forms of time travel, the types of displacement (present → past / present → future) and the forms of the machines - when they exist - that make travelling possible. How do Afropessimism and Afrofuturism intersect with the way these journeys take place? Is there a theoretical debate related to the legacies of slavery, as well as strategies for overcoming these legacies, that it is possible to detach from these novels?

EFFECTIVENESS OF E-LKPD IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

The development of digital learning media as problem-based E-LKPD has become a significant trend in the education sector. This media utilizes information and communication technology to provide students with a more interactive, interesting and relevant learning experience. Nevertheless, it is important to determine the extent of the media's contribution to improving students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effectiveness of PBL-based E-LKPD on flat-sided geometric material to improve the ability to solve mathematical problems. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Banjar Baru. Class VIII A is the experimental class and class VIII C is the control class. Each class has 30 students. The research instrument is questions in the form of essays on flat-sided geometric material that includes problem solving skills. The effectiveness of E-LKPD is measured using the N-Gain test. The research results show that the effectiveness of E-LKPD is in the high category. Keywords: Aptitude for problem-solving, E-LKPD, PBL, digital learning

Empowering scientific literacy skills through an integrated SSCS learning model with RQA strategies

Understanding science is needed in the context of scientific literacy. Scientific literacy cannot be separated from the role of reading literacy. Literacy is a prerequisite component so that students can have four life competencies namely Creativity, Critical Thinking, Collaboration, and Communication (4C). This research is quasi-experimental research with a pretest and post-test non-equivalent control group design. The population is students from SMP Negeri 9 and 17 with a class VIII sample of 105 students. The instrument for assessing students' scientific literacy skills is in the form of multiple-choice tests and essays prepared to represent indicators of scientific literacy, namely: 1) identifying scientific problems/phenomena, 2) interpreting data and drawing conclusions, 3) understanding science concepts, and 4) applying science concepts to life. Data on students' scientific literacy abilities analyzed using the t-test. using the SPSS ver. 20. The research results obtained show that there is a difference in scientific literacy between the SSCS model treatment group integrated with RQA learning strategies and the conventional model. The SSCS+RQA class experienced an increase of 52.48%. The significant increase changed the scientific literacy category from low to very high. Meanwhile, the RQA control class experienced an increase of 33.89%. This increase was also able to change the scientific literacy category from low to high.

Pengaruh Metode Outdoor Learning terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Deskripsi Siswa Kelas IV di MIS YPI Batang Kuis

The research that has been conducted is entitled "The Effect of the Outdoor Learning Method on the Ability to Write Descriptive Writing of Class IV Students at MIS YPI Batang Kuis" and is based on the phenomenon that the ability to write is still very limited, especially writing descriptive essays. In this case, it can result in student creativity not being able to develop optimally and find it difficult to find new ideas or ideas in the learning process. The research methodology used quantitative research quasi experiment design. The population in this study were all grade IV students of MIS YPI Batang Kuis consisting of IV A and IV B totalling 47 students. The sampling technique was carried out by Non Probability Sampling, through the form of total sampling (Boring Sampling). That is, choosing a sample with all the population being sampled and the population can only be two classes. This research instrument is in the form of a description essay writing test and documentation. Data processing tools use data requirement tests and t tests. The results of the study revealed that (1) the average pre-test of the experimental class was 65.09 while the average pretest of the control class was 64.21, (2) the average posttest of the experimental class after being given treatment in the form of learning using outdoor learning methods was obtained at 83.12 while the average posttest of the control class was given treatment in the form of conventional learning obtained an average of 72.54 Thus it can be concluded that the average posttest of the experimental class is higher than the average posttest of the control class. (3) The results of the t test calculation obtained tcount greater than ttable (2.915> 2.074), so it can be concluded that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Based on the research findings above, it follows that the use of outdoor learning methods in the learning process has an effect on the ability to write descriptive essays in class IV YPI Batang Kuis School Year 2023/2024.

Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Ditinjau dari Motivasi Belajar pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Padang Panjang

This research is motivated by the fact that the number of students who have low mathematical literacy skills is caused by various factors. One of the factors that affects mathematical literacy ability is learning motivation. This study aims to determine the ability of mathematical literacy when viewed from the learning motivation of students. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The sample in this study is grade XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Padang Panjang. The sample selection technique in this study uses the Stratified random sampling technique where the sample is selected based on strata. The instrument used in this study is test questions in the form of essays to see students' mathematical literacy skills. Data analysis was carried out descriptively on all research data. The results showed that the average mathematical literacy ability was 50 which was classified as low. If viewed from high learning motivation is classified as medium with an average score of 69, when viewed from medium learning motivation has low mathematical literacy skills with an average score of 56 and mathematical literacy ability reviewed from low learning motivation is classified as low in the low category with an average score of 25

The Effect of Google-Mediated Collaborative Writing on English as a Second Language Students’ Global and Local Writing Features

In recent decades, web-based collaborative writing has become popular as a technical technique for improving collaboration. The study explored the effect of Google-mediated collaborative writing (henceforth GMCW) and face-to-face collaborative writing (henceforth FTFCW) on developing English as a Second Language (henceforth ESL) students’ global and local writing features (organization, development, cohesion, structure, vocabulary, and mechanics). Despite the emphasis English language instructors in Saudi universities place on writing skills, students still face challenges in achieving proficiency in writing. The study included 46 male students at level 3 from the Qassim University English Language Department. An experimental study was used, along with a post-questionnaire, as additional material to collect students’ perceptions. In addition to using the independent t-test to compare the mean in the post-test of the two groups, a paired t-test was used to compare the mean in the pre-test and post-test of the same group. The researcher used a two-by-two mixed ANOVA to examine how students’ global and local writing features (such as organization, development, and cohesion) changed when they collaborated face-to-face or via Google Docs. The results showed that the Google-mediated collaborative writing post-test mean was greater than face-to-face collaborative writing in all writing features, and the difference was statistically significant. The questionnaire revealed that Google-mediated collaborative writing raised confidence, encouraged teamwork, instructed students on how to engage in peer feedback, and increased their willingness to use Google Docs for further assignments. Google-mediated collaborative writing benefited students more in terms of their writing quality (organization, development, and cohesion) than their writing accuracy (mechanics and structure). Google-mediated collaborative writing did not pay attention to form (spelling, punctuation, or structure). In contrast, students’ perceptions of the global and local writing aspects of face-to-face collaborative writing negatively impacted organization, development, and cohesion. The face-to-face collaborative writing students focused more on the essay form (mechanics and structure) than on the content (organization, development, and cohesion).

Walking Body as Barometer: Trans Ecologies of Gichigami (Lake Superior)

This paper examines transness as atmospheric ways of being connected to land, place and more-than-human bodies through the artistic practice of Jay Pahre, and more specifically his project The Weather Report (2024), begun during an artist residency on Minong (Isle Royale National Park) and developed while artist-in-residence at Western Front. The Weather Report is an online series of writings that are broadcast as weather reports every hour from locations across gichigami (Lake Superior) and minong (Isle Royale). The weather report gives us an account of transition attentive to intra-active forces of atmospheric pressure that are embodied, pervasive, and persistent. Connected to his prior sculptural work (Flipping the Island, 2019-ongoing) referencing the history of copper mining in the area, and resulting collapse of wolf and other mega ecologies, the Weather Report takes up weather in what trans philosopher Hil Malatino calls ‘disequilibrium,’ where transness is “committed to exploring what it means to subsist and persist in and through such collapse: what it means to weather” [1]. Engaging with queer formations of climate change and geopolitics of national parks, the reports are vivid descriptions of the corporeal and the environment: a walking body as barometer, or a kind of atmospheric fieldwork. As Malatino states “atmospheres suffuse, infuse, seep, absorb, infiltrate, creep, inundate, saturate, encompass. Because of the porosity of flesh and world, they get into you, you get into them. They are everywhere and no-place, tangible but not isolatable” [2]. Grappling with Malatino’s writing on transness and weather to articulate an ‘otherwise’ beyond settler colonial violence, Indigenous scholar Recollet’s [3] work on radical relationality, and Stephanie Springgay’s research-creation scholarship on queer ecologies of walking, this paper presents a conversation on Pahre’s practice. An early conversation about Pahre’s work took place over zoom hosted by Western Front in Vancouver. The conversation has been expanded and edited for this essay form.

Development of Data-Driven Educational Decision Implementation Guidelines Assisted by Formative Tests in Science Learning

Data-Based Educational Decisions (DDED) is an important part of the learning process where DDED is used to improve the quality of learning. This research purpose to develop Data Driven Educational Decision Implementation Guidelines (DDED) supporting formative tests in IPA learning. DDED is an adaptation of Data Drive Decision Making (DDDM) in learning. DDED is based on Data Drive Decision Making (DDDM), which is a decision-making process that has been widely applied in the world of management. The DDED directs teachers to be adaptive and flexible in implementing various methods, models, teaching materials and learning media based on student access. The development design used is 4D which consists of defining, designing, developing and deploying. The content of the guidelines has been agreed through expert consensus through the fuzzy delphi technique. Fuzzy Delphi Method to create a broad and detailed understanding, especially in education. The consensus indicated that formative tests should include relevant questions and quizzes, comprising both multiple-choice and essay formats, aligning with the principles of DDED. The resulting guideline tests the level of validity and user response. Users respond well to the guidelines developed.

Digital Discourse on the ChatGPT Controversy: Reflections on the Controversial Use of Artificial Intelligence Among Indonesian Youth

At the end of 2022, a nonprofit technology research institution funded by Altman and Musk released an AI-based chatbot, ChatGPT, which within just three months has shown utility across various industries, particularly in jobs like copywriting, news report writing, customer service, and legal document creation. Its ability to provide coherent and insightful answers, as well as serve as a brainstorming partner, has some college professors concerned that this machine may replace various human jobs (Stokel-Walker, 2022). One likely negative impact is students using this AI-based writing tool to complete academic assignments in the form of essays (Hutson, 2022). Another implication is that researchers (both students and lecturers) may be able to compose scientific texts, partially if not wholly, and escape the radar of AI-written text detection tools (Kim, 2022), as well as peer reviewers (Else, 2023). The methodology used is digital discourse, aiming to reveal how youth discourse influences the presence of the ChatGPT application and how the consumption practice of the application impacts their creativity and critical thinking skills. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to understanding the impact of AI-based chatbots on critical thinking abilities among young people as a basis for development strategies to enhance critical and creative thinking skills in the era of Artificial Intelligence.

Peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis dengan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada siswa sekolah menengah pertama

This research examines the influence and improvement of students' mathematical communication skills using problem-based learning. The research design used a quasi-experimental quasi-experimental nonequivalent control-group design, a sample of 45 students. The instruments used are test questions in the form of essays. Data was obtained based on written test results, namely pretest and posttest data. The analysis uses parametric t-test statistics. The results show that problem-based learning can influence mathematical communication skills in the low category. The effect of problem-based learning is minimal. Problem-based learning can improve students' mathematical communication skills in the low category.

The Politics of the Excluded: The Political Thought of Wong Chin Foo

This article examines the concepts of citizenship and exclusion in the writings of the nineteenth-century Chinese American figure Wong Chin Foo (1847–1898) and situates his works within the context of Chinese Exclusion in the United States. Against a backdrop of intensifying racial violence and legal and social exclusion, Wong repudiated racial stereotypes that were used to justify Chinese exclusion. He argued that the Chinese were culturally and morally distinctive but assimilable to American society. Central to his argumentative strategy was his critical reappropriation of the idea of the Chinese as unassimilable “heathens.” However, his conception of citizenship as conditional on “character and fitness” exposed the exclusionary nature of American citizenship and reinscribed its boundaries along racial and class lines. In treating Wong as a political thinker in his own right, this essay makes three contributions. First, it offers a historical elucidation of what Gordon Chang has called “the politics of the excluded.” Wong’s works show how central categories of politics and political thinking—like citizenship—are reconfigured by the very people those categories were designed to exclude. Second, this essay offers an alternative interpretive framework for reading texts within Asian American political thought and intellectual history. Finally, this essay forms a theoretical intervention by showing how Wong discloses the peculiarities of Asian American positionality in debates about racial citizenship in America.

DIFFERENCES IN FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT RESULTS OF BASIC PHYSICS 2 STUDENTS IN OFFLINE AND ONLINE LECTURES ON SPECIAL RELATIVITY THEORY MATERIAL

The research was motivated by the Galodo disaster that occurred in Tanah Datar district. This disaster has an impact on the implementation of basic physics 2 lectures at UIN Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar which must be carried out online using the Zoom application. The research was conducted on two different campuses, namely 2nd semester students at UIN Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar and UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This study aims to determine whether there are differences in the results of formative assessments of students who conduct online and offline lectures by chatting with lecturers, teaching methods, and teaching media. This research was analyzed using a quantitative approach with a control group posttest only design. The instrument used is a formative question on special relativity material in essay form. The results of the study were analyzed using an independent sample t test which resulted in a 2 tailed sig value (0.269) > 0.05 which indicates that there is no difference in the results of students' basic physics formative assessment between students who conduct online and offline lectures on special relativity theory material. The average formative score of students is also not much different in both samples. The use of appropriate lecture methods, strategies, and media needs to be improved in basic physics 2 lectures.

Meningkatkan Softskill Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran Tematik di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

The students’ low levels of creativity and critical thinking skills are significant issues that need to be addressed in the face of the rapidly developing modern era. Therefore, an appropriate learning model is required to enhance students’ creativity and critical thinking skills over time. This study focuses on the problem related to the Project-Based Learning model and students’ soft skills. The study aims to determine how the Project-Based Learning model is applied in thematic learning and its effect on the soft skills of fifth-grade students at MI Manbaul Huda. This study employs a pre-experimental research design, specifically the pretest-posttest one-group design, with a population of 27 fifth-grade students. The sample used was saturated, and it included all 27 students. To assess the students’ creativity and critical thinking skills, the research involved administering a test in the form of essays consisting of 10 questions that had been tested for validity and reliability. Hypothesis testing in this study was conducted using a t-test. The results of the hypothesis testing indicated a significance value of 0.000. Since the significance value is less than 0.05, it can be concluded that "there is a significant influence of the application of the Project-Based Learning model in thematic learning on the soft skills of fifth-grade students at MI Manbaul Huda."