Formal Analysis Research Articles

Employability Skills in IT Sector: What Matters Most for Graduate Success?

Graduate Employability skills are very important for getting entry-level jobs and succeeding in the career. Employers need employees to possess 21st-century skills and personal traits that are transferrable and required in all job profiles. The IT sector of India is expanding exponentially and requires a high number of job-ready graduates. However, literature indicates a lack of awareness among graduates on importance of employability skills. Students are searching for the job with a different mindset from what employers are expecting. This descriptive research studied the perceptions of IT graduates on the importance of employability skills to get entry-level jobs using the online survey method. The research reveals that with an average mean value of 4.6, learners were aware of the importance of employability skills for attaining entry-level jobs. However, the learners were unclear about the terminologies used for employability skills. The results confirm the latest trends in employability skills among Indian graduates. The study suggests that there is a need to revisit these skills at regular intervals in consultation with the industry to get the contemporary trends. Industry, academia and Policymakers should work collaboratively towards creating a clear picture of relevant employability skills among the learners to bring the learners at par with the industry requirements. Received: 1 August 2024| Revised: 11 November 2024 | Accepted: 13 January 2025 Conflicts of Interest The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Ashish Kumar Awadhiya: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Visualization.

Industry Stakeholder Perceptions of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage: The Case Study of the Tees Valley Industrial Cluster

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is an essential mitigation technology to contribute to the Net Zero transition. It captures carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industry processes and either purifies and inserts the gas again in the circular economy (utilization) or transports it to a suitable underground storage, stopping emissions. The United Kingdom (UK) has unique geology, skills, and infrastructure and consequently a strategic advantage for CCUS when compared to other countries, especially the coastal North Sea regions (e.g., Tees Valley). This study focused on the Tees Valley Industrial Cluster to understand the constraining and enabling factors of the CCUS technology deployment, from the perspective of local experts and practitioners, whose role is to implement actions to reduce GHG emissions. Two workshops were held to explore practitioners’ attitudes towards the technology, perceived benefits of the technology, barriers and enablers for implementation and factors that would need to be in place to support technology implementation. Qualitative data collected in the workshops were analyzed to identify common themes. Participants agreed that business and industry sectors must play their part in mitigating climate change. They also agreed that it is fundamental to support the green transition and the implementation of net zero-related technologies. The perceived benefits of CCUS are the contribution to fulfill Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) standards and an increased ability to attract young workers, interested in sustainability. Barriers for implementation include lack of knowledge about the technology, costs of the technology, volatility of the carbon markets, political uncertainty, risks, and negative public perceptions. Regional factors such as local political support were identified as crucial to the success of technology deployment. A reliable UK Industry Strategy, investment in the technology and supply chain, local investment in skills, knowledge, education, and research were considered essential to ensure further technology adoption. Received: 7 August 2024 | Revised: 10 December 2024 | Accepted: 20 January 2025 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Author Contribution Statement Diana Feliciano: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Dawid Hanak: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Project administration, Funding acquisition.

<b>Combinatorial Design of Imidazole/Triazole Linked Aryl-Substituted Derivatives as CYP17 Inhibitors Exploring Hansch and Molecular Docking Approach</b>

Prostate cancer is an age-related most common cancer characterized by uncontrolled cell growth that develops in the walnut-sized prostate gland in men that potentially forms tumors and metastases to other parts of the body that are untreated. It is widely recognized that 80% of the prostate cancers are androgen-dependent. Thus, inhibition of CYP17 hydroxylase and lyase will stop the androgen synthesis and testosterone over production and ultimately help in treating prostate cancer. Heterocyclic scaffolds (especially imidazole and triazole) have great affinity and potency against the CYP17 hydroxylase and lyase. In this study, we developed a statistically robust and reliable predictive model using Hansch and topological parameters with a series of phenyl alkyl imidazole-based 17α-hydroxylase/17-20-lyase inhibitors. The promising scaffolds were optimized based on the mechanistic interpretations of substitutions, fragments, and branching, and a total of 3645 novel compounds were designed and screened over topological models to identify drug-like potential inhibitors. Molecular docking analysis depicted binding patterns, interaction energies, and a possible mechanism of inhibition of potential molecules. Finally, six potential hydroxylase and nine lyase inhibitors were reported based on the docking score and binding free energy. The novel 369 and 318 are the most promising designed candidates for prostate cancer treatment, while the compound 625 is a potential selective lyase inhibitor with 375-fold activity over the hydroxylase. The ADMET study states the compounds are drug-like and non-toxic. The findings of this study will definitely help the experimental researchers with a prior basis for the potential of novel, promising CYP-17 inhibitors of this class. Received: 23 August 2024 | Revised: 19 December 2024 | Accepted: 15 January 2025 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Author Contribution Statement Balaji Wamanrao Matore: Data curation, Writing – original draft, Visualization. Anjali Murmu: Writing – review & editing. Jagadish Singh: Formal analysis, Investigation. Partha Pratim Roy: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Resources, Supervision, Project administration.

Digital twin for the formal analysis of a depth of anesthesia controller

Effective management of depth of anesthesia (DoA) is crucial for patient safety in healthcare. Anesthesiologists typically adjust anesthetic dosages to maintain desired sedation, analgesia (pain relief), and muscle relaxation states. In this paper, we present a digital twin (DT) architecture for the formal modeling and verification of an infusion pump controller for DoA management. The DT incorporates a virtual patient model, an autonomous DoA controller adjusting the infusion rate of the anesthetic agent, i.e., propofol, a test-case manager, and a runtime verification monitor. Data exchange occurs via Ethernet frames. Challenges arise from noise in the Bispectral Index monitoring system readings and infusion rate measurements in clinical scenarios. To mitigate noise impact, we design a feedback controller that is robust against noise. We reason about DT performance by evaluating control specifications using a temporal-logic language within the context of our runtime verification tool.

A Fog Computing and Blockchain-based Anonymous Authentication Scheme to Enhance Security in VANET Environments

Authentication of vehicles and users, integrity of exchanged messages, and privacy preservation are essential features in VANETs. VANETs are used to collect information on road conditions, vehicle location and speed, and traffic congestion data. The open exchange of information within VANETs poses serious security threats. Furthermore, existing schemes have higher communication and computational costs, making them incompatible with resource-constrained VANET applications. This study proposes a multifactor authentication and privacy-preserving security scheme for VANETs based on blockchain and fog computing to meet all these requirements. The proposed scheme uses fingerprints and Quick Response (QR) codes as a multifactor to authenticate vehicle users and fog-cloud computing techniques to reduce the computational burden on RSUs and improve service quality and resilience. Additionally, the scheme synchronizes a consistent ledger across all RSUs using blockchain technology to store and distribute vehicle authentication statuses. Through a thorough comparison with relevant current protocols, the scheme shows a much-reduced computing expense and communication burden in situations with high vehicle density within a timeframe of 6.3846 ms and 544 bytes for communication costs. In addition, the proposed scheme demonstrates a successful balance between efficacy and complexity, protecting confidentiality, anonymous authentication, and ensuring integrity and conditional tracking. Formal and informal security analysis showed that the proposed scheme is more reliable, practical, and secure against many hostile attacks, such as modification attacks, 51% attacks, Sybil attacks, and MITM attacks.

Abstract A008: Imaging response to induction PD-1 and PARP inhibition in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract Introduction: Patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) have high risk of disease progression and death after standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). We are conducting a prospective trial to investigate the efficacy of combining immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with PARP inhibition prior to and following CCRT. Here we report the feasibility of utilizing pre- and post-induction CT simulations to assess early imaging response in patients treated on trial. Methods: NCT05366166 is an ongoing multi-institution, phase II trial. Patients with HPV negative or high-risk HPV positive LA-HNSCC were eligible. All received induction pembrolizumab 400mg IV and olaparib 150mg BID for 3 weeks followed by CCRT to 70Gy with weekly cisplatin (40mg/m2) followed by one year of maintenance pembrolizumab 400mg every 6 weeks and olaparib 150mg BID. Per protocol, all patients underwent CT simulation in the radiation treatment position with intravenous contrast pre- and post-induction. Dedicated post-induction imaging by radiology was not obtained. Gross tumor volumes of the primary (GTVp) and nodal (GTVn) disease were contoured on the pre- and post-induction simulation CTs by the treating physician in RayStation (RaySearch Laboratories). Pre- and post-induction simulation CTs were evaluated by two neuroradiologists independently using the RECIST criteria (v1.1). Statistical analyses were conducted in Microsoft Excel. Results: We evaluated the first 9 patients treated on-study at our center only. Median age was 67 years (range 59-76) and 78% were male. Location of primary site was oropharynx (N=6; 4 were HPV-positive), oral cavity (N=2), and larynx (N=1). 78% were T3-T4 and 89% had N2-N3 nodal disease. The median duration from the start of induction therapy to post-induction simulation was 22 days (range 7-51). Following induction, all patients experienced symptomatic benefit and had stable disease without progression per RECIST. Comparing pre- and post-induction GTVp and GTVn, overall mean volumes were not statistically different (mean±standard deviation -- 34.0±17.9 vs 35.6±19.5 cm3 for GTVp and 38.7±51.8 vs 39.5±54.2 cm3 for GTVn, respectively). At the individual patient level, the percent volume change after induction ranged from -21.9 to +16.5% (GTVp) and -48.7 to +53.2% (GTVn). Two patients (22%) had a decrease in GTVp, while five (56%) had a decrease in GTVn. There was a positive correlation (Pearson coefficient 0.77) between the percent volume changes in GTVp and GTVn (p=0.016). No differences in response by TNM stage or HPV status were observed. Conclusion: Favorable clinical and radiographic responses to three weeks of induction pembrolizumab and olaparib suggest anti-tumor activity. Performing pre- and post-induction radiation CT simulations is necessary to ensure adequate and accurate assessment of tumor extent for radiation planning. Therefore, omitting conventional post-induction scans by radiology to assess tumor response may be feasible. Formal cost-effective analysis will be conducted. Citation Format: Xuguang S. Chen, Colette J. Shen, Benjamin Y. Huang, Valerie L. Jewells, Michael C. Repka, Travis P. Schrank, Christopher B. Sullivan, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Trevor G. Hackman, Catherine Lumley, Jeffrey M. Blumberg, Shetal A. Patel, Sumita Trivedi, Jared Weiss, Bhisham Chera, Siddharth Sheth. Imaging response to induction PD-1 and PARP inhibition in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr A008.

Styl transcendentalny we współczesnym kinie festiwalowym na przykładzie filmu W żółtym kokonie (Bên trong vỏ kén vàng) Pham Thiên Âna

Contemporary mediascapes are increasingly infl uenced by transnational logics. One of the most important factors contributing to that situation is the network of international film festivals that in recent decades have evolved into complex multifaceted institutions shaping cinema around the globe. Researchers like Cindy Wong point out that programmers have numbers of predilections towards certain qualities. This has led to the creation of the socalled “festival film genre.” We want to examine these issues through a case study of Pham Thiên Ân’s Inside the Yellow Cocoon Shell (2023), a Vietnamese movie that was awarded the Caméra d’Or at Cannes. In my close reading I give consideration to institutions that fund the movie, as well as recurring religious and local themes. Most importantly, I draw my formal analysis from notions of slow cinema and Paul Schrader’s transcendental style, demonstrating that they are both closely related to the aesthetics of the “festival film.”

Ventris’ Grids

ABSTRACT What is the relationship between Michael Ventris’ decipherment of Linear B and his architecture? The British architect who—against all philologists, archaeologists, and linguists—deciphered the ancient script is still renowned as a decipherer but a long-forgotten figure in the realm of architecture. This article compares the two operations; deciphering (writing) and drawing with the use of a series of his drawings (many of which have never been published before). Through a formal analysis of the various types of grids coming from his work on architecture and on the decipherment, this piece claims that Ventris used the construction of maps (Guides) of the modern buildings of London as an exercise for the mapping of the signs of Linear B. The argument rests on how certain operations of architecture can be understood outside architecture. (What counts as architectural?) On the one hand, it adds to the fascinating story of Michael Ventris and the decipherment of Linear B. On the other hand, it contributes to our understanding of the radical operation of pattern recognition in the predigital (analogical) world of architecture.

Breast Cancer Survival Analysis and Mortality Prediction Under Different Treatment Combinations

In this paper, a combination of breast cancer treatment procedures is considered, and its impact on breast cancer survival is precisely observed. Both statistical and neural network procedures are used to predict the breast cancer survival time. The results indicate that treatment procedures that use surgical options improve breast cancer survival. In the case of non-surgical options, hormone therapy appears to be the best. Additionally, the results suggest that radiation and chemotherapy combination lead to lower survival rates. The dataset used in this research had limited cases where the chemotherapy option was prescribed. Chemotherapy alone was a confounding cancer treatment option for non-node-positive cancer. For node-positive cancer cases, chemotherapy seems to work best where the surgery option is not considered or is viable. The experiments with neural networks show that neural networks can help predict the event of death, but these techniques could not accurately predict the length of survival. Received: 30 September 2024 | Revised: 2 December 2024 | Accepted: 30 December 2024 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of the study are openly available in GitHub at https://github.com/Parag8219/BreastCancerSurvival/blob/main/GHdata.csv. Author Contribution Statement Parag C. Pendharkar: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. James A. Rodger: Investigation, Resources, Data curation.

<b>Multitarget-Directed Multiple Ligands in Anti-VEGF Resistant Glioblastoma Therapeutics: An in Silico Approach to Identify Potential Phytochemicals</b>

Angiogenesis is an important process in tumor progression. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is the key factor regulating angiogenesis and hence anti-VEGF therapy is considered a useful therapeutic approach in tumor conditions. However, the drug resistance and lack of efficacy of existing drugs limit the potential of such a therapeutic approach in certain cases and the tumor growth will continue through alternative mechanisms. Glioblastoma (GBM) is one such type of tumor that shows resistance to anti-VEGF therapy. Previously, we identified the hub genes differentially expressed in anti-VEGF resistance in GBM. Medhya Rasayana, an ayurvedic formulation, is used for the management of neurological disorders. In the present study, we used computational docking methods to identify the phytochemicals present in the medicinal plants of Medhya Rasayana, which can target the proteins expressed by the hub genes associated with anti-VEGF resistance. Network pharmacological analysis was also performed to identify the highly effective phytochemicals for a possible adjuvant therapy. Results showed that multiple phytochemicals of Glycirrhiza glabra Linn, Evolvulus alsinoides and Celastrus paniculatus target the anti-VGEF resistant proteins in GBM. This indicates the multi targeting property of Medhya Rasayana plant – phytocompounds and hence it may be considered for adjuvant therapy along with anti-VEGF therapy. Received: 10 July 2024 | Revised: 11 October 2024 | Accepted: 6 January 2025 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Author Contribution Statement Kesavan R. Arya: Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Funding acquisition. Sasikumar J. Soumya: Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing,Visualization, Funding acquisition. Anuroopa G. Nadh: Formal analysis, Investigation, Funding acquisition. Thankamani R. Aswathy: Formal analysis, Investigation. Vijayalakshmi B.: Investigation. Achuthsankar S Nair: Resources, Project administration. Oommen V. Oommen: Validation, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Project administration. Perumana R. Sudhakaran: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Project administration, Funding acquisition

Optical Transmission Enhancement of MoS2 Nanosheets Doped with Magnetic Materials Ni, Mn, and Cr

In this work, we report both theoretical and experimental study of the influence of some materials with magnetic aspects such as Ni, Mn, or Cr in MoS2 photonic crystal structures. A functional density method technique has been introduced. Indeed, the results indicated that the transmission spectrum is considerably affected by the impact of doping from a photo shape and amplitude. Furthermore, appropriate doping has been shown to change the peak transmission shape of the MoS2 photonic crystal by splitting as an example. In fact, the transmission spectrum remains less identical with Ni and Mn doping and exhibits a doubling peak with Cr attributed to the first and second waveguide propagation modes. The obtained results can give a new degree of freedom in device application of MoS2 nanosheets such as photonic sensors, filter, and reflector. Finally, we can predict that the MoS2 photonic crystal doped with magnetic materials could be used in applications involving plasmonic Fano-resonances. Received: 29 July 2024 | Revised: 4 November 2024 | Accepted: 27 December 2024 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Sondes Kaddour: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. Randa Zaimia: Formal analysis, Investigation. Nouha Mastour: Validation, Investigation. Said Ridene: Methodology, Writing – review & editing, Supervision. Noureddine Raouafi: Resources.

Reliability Analysis of Residential Buildings under Hurricane Using Embedded FBG Sensors: Remaining Useful Lifetime Analysis

Every year, the lack of reliable and affordable structural health monitoring systems to assess the resilience of residential buildings in coastal areas results in extensive damage from strong winds and hurricanes. This work investigates the use of embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for the structural health monitoring of residential timber buildings for reliability assessment. The remaining useful lifetime (RUL) of buildings after being impacted by hurricane has been estimated using long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. A proof-of-concept experimental setup has validated the system’s performance and functionality. Multiple one-story and two-story scaled-down (~1:20) prototype timber buildings were constructed and placed in a wind tunnel to assess their structural performance and stability under wind speeds ranging from 0 to 150 mph. FBG sensors attached to the buildings measured strain in real time. The measured strain data are used to estimate the building’s reliability. A mathematical Health Indicator is introduced to determine the level of structural integrity and health under varying load and structural conditions. The FBG sensors demonstrated accurate measurement and real-time monitoring of strain changes in selected structural elements during high wind speeds. Assessment results can inform condition-based maintenance, safety evaluations, and stability reports. Additionally, the system can issue real-time warnings for potential failures and damages, thereby enhancing the overall resilience of residential buildings. Received: 27 September 2024 | Revised: 2 December 2024 | Accepted: 27 December 2024 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Author Contribution Statement Abolghassem Zabihollah: Conceptualization, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Yu Shi: Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization.

Presence and Absence in Margaret Atwood’s Dearly

In Morning in the Burned House (1995), Margaret Atwood includes a sequence of elegiac poems mourning the process of her father’s illness and death. Her subsequent collection, The Door (2007), while not explicitly elegiac, explores topics such as memory, aging, death, loss, and decay. These subjects are often central to both traditional and contemporary elegies. Other poems in this volume deal with writing and poetry, examining their capacity to offer consolation in the face of death, a key aspect of elegy. Drawing on critical studies of elegy in contemporary English-language poetry and on the role of elegy in Atwood’s poetry, this essay analyses the elegiac dimension of Dearly (2020), Atwood’s most recent poetry collection. Many of these poems are dedicated to her partner Graeme Gibson, who was diagnosed with vascular dementia in 2017 and passed away in 2019. Through close readings and formal analysis, I aim to demonstrate how these elegiac poems articulate a psychic landscape of mourning where separation after death is rejected and an alternative space for reunion with the deceased is created. Atwood moves beyond simple lamentation, exploring the liminal space between life and death, presence and absence.

Edgard Varèse's Poème Électronique: From the Sketches to the Sound Spatialization

Abstract The article explores the genesis of Poème électronique by Edgard Varèse, drawing on previously unknown or overlooked sources recently identified in the Varèse collection at the Paul Sacher Stiftung (Basel). These sources fall into two categories: (1) Varèse's musical manuscripts and sketches, and (2) the technical plan for the sound spatialization of the entire piece, developed by Philips engineers. Varèse's sketches and drafts for Poème électronique have long been neglected, and the complete spatialization plan, once thought lost, has only recently been rediscovered. These findings shed light on a largely unrecognized, complex creative process that spanned from the initial musical sketches to the final performance within the Philips Pavilion at the Brussels Expo in 1958, a building for which Le Corbusier was commissioned and which his assistant Iannis Xenakis designed. A focal point of this study is a short section of the piece, labeled by Varèse as section F, which serves as a case study. Varèse composed this section by integrating diagrams for electronic sounds with conventional scores, including fragments from his unpublished Étude pour Espace (1947a). The spatialization plan for section F, in alignment with Varèse's manuscripts, evokes vertical sound movements reminiscent of falling drops. The article offers a formal analysis of Poème électronique based on these drafts and the control score for sound spatialization.

Effect of Pediatric Obesity Treatment on Long-Term Health

Data regarding the long-term impact of treating childhood obesity on the risk of obesity-related events, including premature mortality, are limited. To evaluate the long-term effect of different responses to pediatric obesity treatment on critical health outcomes in young adulthood. The study included a dynamic prospective cohort of children and adolescents with obesity within The Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS) and general population comparators, linked with national registers. Baseline data were collected between 1996 and 2019. Formal analyses for this study was conducted in 2023. Outcomes were assessed from individuals aged 18 to 30 years (2005 to 2020). Participants included children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years receiving at least 1 year of obesity treatment. General population comparators were matched on a ratio of 1:5 on sex, year of birth, and geographical area. Pediatric obesity treatment response was based on changes in body mass index standard deviation score and categorized as poor, intermediate, and good response and obesity remission. Obesity-related events included type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, hypertension, depression or anxiety, and weight-loss bariatric surgery. Additionally, mortality was assessed. Of 6713 individuals (3777 male [56%] and 2936 female [44%]), the median age at obesity treatment initiation was 12.1 (quartile 1; quartile 3: 10.1; 14.3) years and treatment duration was 3.0 (1.8; 4.9) years. For T2D, hypertension, dyslipidemia, weight-loss bariatric surgery, and depression or anxiety outcomes, unadjusted incidence rates tended to decrease with better treatment response and the lowest estimate was observed among general population comparators. Compared with poor response, obesity remission or a good response in obesity treatment was associated with reduced risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.46). Good response was also associated with lower risk of TD2 (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23-0.77), dyslipidemia (HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13-0.75), and bariatric surgery (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.30-0.58). Obesity remission showed similar reduced risk, but also a reduced risk of hypertension (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.24-0.65). Treatment response was not associated with depression or anxiety. In this study, beneficial pediatric obesity treatment response yielded enduring health benefits, markedly lowering future morbidity and mortality risks in young adulthood.

Innovation and the Characteristics of Board of Directors on the Performance of Islamic Banks in Indonesia

This study examines how board characteristics and innovation affect the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. It analyzes panel data from 12 banks, observed from 2010 to 2020, using secondary data and quantitative methods. The results show that a board's educational background in business negatively impacts bank performance. In contrast, both board size and innovation have positive effects. Innovation also strengthens the positive link between a board's business education and bank performance. However, it does not moderate the effect of gender diversity on performance. Instead, it moderates the negative relationship between board size and performance. While providing valuable insights, this study is limited by data availability and its focus on the Indonesian Islamic banking sector. Future research should consider additional factors and a broader context to provide a more complete understanding. This can help guide the development of strategies and policies for Islamic banks. Additionally, exploring the role of regulatory frameworks and market conditions could offer deeper insights into the dynamics of bank performance. Received: 24 July 2024 | Revised: 18 November 2024 | Accepted: 24 December 2024 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Author Contribution Statement Fhatimah Nur Prawati: Conceptualization, Validation, Investigation, Writing - original draft. Sepya Catur Wulandari: Formal analysis. Nur Wahyuningsih: Resources, Project administration. Samsul Rosadi: Methodology, Software, Writing - review & editing. Ade Setiawan: Supervision, Funding acquisition. Dewi Nurul Mardiana: Data curation, Visualization.

The Study of Signs in Frida (2002): Exploring the Creative Nexus between the Film and the Paintings

The symbiotic link between the film Frida (2002) and the artworks of the Mexican painter Frida Kahlo were examined with this study. In order to locate the Frida Kahlo paintings that were included in the film, this study analyses how they relate to the plot and settings, in a qualitative methodology. The formal analysis of those paintings discovered that they were used in a variety of ways to enhance the story in the film, including: to provide Kahlo's thoughts a visual expression, to offer comments on the film's topics and to establish a feeling of continuity between the many scenes. The semiotic analysis on denotative and connotative meaning was applied on the relevant scenes of the film Frida (2002). According to the study's findings, combining film and art can be a potent approach to communicate a story and produce a visually appealing film experience. Social Science Review, Vol. 41(1), June 2024, Page 91-120.

Unraveling the environmental Kuznets curve in IGAD countries: interplay between ecological footprint, economic growth, renewable energy, and globalization

Abstract Climate change has become a global phenomenon; hence, mitigating environmental pollution and degradation are crucial for addressing climate change consequences. A paradigm shift from fossil fuel to clean energy sources is suggested to reduce environmental pollution without compromising economic growth. This study assesses the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis by incorporating the impacts of renewable energy, population density, and globalization on ecological footprint in IGAD member nations. A battery of econometric techniques, such as Pedroni, Kao, and Johansen Fisher cointegration methods, heterogeneous panel methods, and Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality tests are utilized. Before the formal analysis, we performed a cross-sectional dependence test; and it was observed that the data are cross-sectional dependent. Hence, the second-generation unit root test is utilized which confirms that all the interested variables are stationary at the first difference I (1). The empirical results of cointegration methods indicate that explanatory variables are cointegrated into the ecological footprint in the long run. Moreover, the PMG – which provides consistent results as evidenced by the Hausman test – underscored that globalization, population density, and renewable energy mitigate ecological footprint in the long run even though renewable energy is insignificant. An increase in economic growth is associated with a deterioration of environmental pollution, while squared growth is linked to a reduction in pollution. This evidence supports the existence of the EKC theory, which posits an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic expansion and ecological footprint. Besides, unidirectional causalities are detected from ecological footprint to population density, renewable energy, economic growth, and squared economic growth but not the other way around. In light of the empirical results, several policy recommendations are proposed.

<b>Machine Learning Enabled In-Home ECG: A Review</b>

Machine learning (ML)-based in-home electrocardiogram (ECG) systems have emerged as transformative tools, advancing beyond traditional cardiology methods by offering innovative techniques for cardiac care. These systems enable sustained data collection, real-time monitoring of cardiac status, and individualized treatment plans, all while minimizing the need for frequent clinic visits. By leveraging advanced analytics and ML algorithms, in-home ECG systems analyze large-scale datasets to detect patterns and anomalies that might otherwise go unnoticed, providing early alerts and improving patient outcomes. This review examines the latest trends in ML-enhanced in-home ECG technology, emphasizing its functionality in anomaly detection, continuous monitoring, and decision-making processes. The integration of ML not only enhances diagnostic precision but also opens avenues for scalable, personalized, and remote healthcare solutions. Despite these advancements, significant challenges remain, including issues related to data privacy, algorithmic biases, and the reliability of real-world implementations. Addressing these challenges is essential for optimizing the performance and ethical use of these systems. This review also explores opportunities for future research, particularly in improving algorithm robustness and addressing biases to ensure equitable and accurate cardiac care for diverse populations. By integrating state-of-the-art ML techniques, in-home ECG systems are poised to revolutionize contemporary cardiology, reducing healthcare costs and enabling a progressive shift toward accessible, patient-centered care. This comprehensive exploration highlights the potential of ML-based in-home ECG systems to redefine cardiac monitoring and treatment, contributing to the broader transformation of modern healthcare. Received: 13 September 2024 | Revised: 11 December 2024 | Accepted: 31 December 2024 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Aqsa Bibi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Jawwad Sami Ur Rahman: Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Project administration.

Palaces for a New Spain Nobility: Between Creole Identity and Academicism

ABSTRACTMexico City and Havana had a significant number of noble palaces during the eighteenth century. Until now, the dearth of historical documentation on their construction has hampered any approximation, requiring other methodologies. Here, it is intended to establish how a new visual code was defined, consistent both with their local style and international modernity. To this end, a formal analysis has been prepared with statistical tools of both the buildings and the preserved projects, complementing the study with known and unpublished historical documentation. After defining the general context, the analysis of the palace proposals designed by Silvestre Pérez from Madrid for the Count of Buenavista in Havana and for the Marquis del Apartado in Mexico City is addressed. Neither of them were carried out, despite the probable economic viability. This would point to a rejection caused by functional or esthetic issues, which links with the initial analyses. Thus, this study intends not only to offer a more in‐depth overview of the phenomenon but also to reach conclusions that can be extrapolated to other periods.