Recognition Of Forms Research Articles

INCIDENTAL LEARNING OF SINGLE WORDS AND COLLOCATIONS THROUGH VIEWING AN ACADEMIC LECTURE

AbstractAcademic lectures are potential sources of vocabulary learning for second language learners studying at universities where English is the medium of instruction, as well as those in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) programs. Topic-related vocabulary is likely to occur frequently in academic texts, and academic speech consists of a reasonable proportion of frequently occurring sequences of words. Yet no intervention studies have explored the potential for learning single words and collocations through viewing a video of an unmodified academic lecture. To address this gap, this study collected data from 55 EAP learners in China, following a pretest-posttest design. The experimental group (n = 28) watched a video of an academic lecture in which 50 target single words and 19 target collocations were presented while the control group (n = 27) received no treatment. Results show that viewing the lecture led to significant learning gains of single words at the meaning recall level and collocations at the form recognition level. Frequency of occurrence in the lecture appeared to significantly contribute to the learning of single words but not the learning of collocations. Prior knowledge of general vocabulary appeared to make no significant contribution to the learning of single words and collocations.

Левые режимы в современной Латинской Америке: теоретические концепции и политическая практика

The article examines contemporary approaches to the interpretation of left-wing political regimes and offers his own typology. Particular attention is paid to the fluctuations of the political pendulum in the region in the first decades of this century, the reasons for the successes and failures of the left forces. The author analyzes the ideology and practical activity of the center-left and radical left governments and comes to the conclusion that the persisting and even deepening disagreements between them are associated not only with the interpretation of the socialist ideas, the recognition of various forms of property, the role of the state in the economy, its social functions and foreign policy orientation, but also with the peculiarities of electoral legislation, ensuring political pluralism, forms of political participation and respect for human rights and civil liberties.

Genetic and morphological evidence cast doubt on the validity of Mexican troglobitic species of the Neotropical catfish genus Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)

Four of the 7 species of Rhamdia present in Mexico stand out for being microendemic and also troglobitic, that is, for being restricted to their type-locality caves and for exhibiting a distinctive phenotype characterized by ocular reduction/loss and body depigmentation. Diagnosis and recognition of Mexican troglobitic forms as distinct species, however, appears to be primarily based on their regressive troglomorphic phenotype and highly localized geographic distributions. To test the adequacy of its current taxonomy, we investigated patterns of genetic and phenotypic variation in Mexican troglobitic Rhamdia in a phylogenetic context. Our results indicate that external morphology does not allow for unambiguous differential diagnoses and robust distinction among troglobitic species. Similarly, beyond typicalregressive troglomorphic traits, troglobitic species do not differ greatly in external morphology from their most closely related congener, the epigean species Rhamdia laticauda. From a phylogenetic perspective, continued recognition of troglobitic species implies a deep and generalized paraphyly in R. laticauda. Despite the evidence presented herein, we refrain from making nomenclatural decisions until we can unambiguously ascertain that our findings are indeed explained by phylogeographic structure in R. laticauda, instead of by recent divergence and subsequent speciation of cave-dwelling lineages from this widespread epigean species.

Presepsin as a predictive indicator of severity in Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) currently represents a major health emergency worldwide. Early recognition of severe forms of this virus is essential to align effective management and treatment strategies. Presepsin (PSP), the soluble cluster of differentiation (CD14) subtype; is a useful biomarker not only for early diagnosis of sepsis but also could be used as a predictive for the severity and mortality in septic patients, as well as in pneumonia. This study aimed to investigate the potential utility of PSP as a predictive indicator of disease severity in COVID-19 patients. A total of 42 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in this study and stratified into moderate and severe groups, in addition to 15 healthy patients as controls. The PSP levels were measured using Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) within 24 h (1 day) as well as on the 5th day of admission to the Geriatrics hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, in addition to other relevant laboratory tests performed during the study period from July to October, 2020. Results showed that the PSP levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared to the controls (p = 0.008) and the 5th day (p = 0.003) of hospital admission. Significant correlation between PSP level and hospital stay (r = 0.332, p = 0.032) was detected; however, no significant correlation was recorded with the different laboratory parameters. For severity prediction, PSP revealed significant values for the 1st day and the 5th day (AUC 0.737; p = 0.003 and AUC 0.810; p < 0.001), respectively. Data obtained in this study suggested the potential utility of PSP as a predictive indicator of severity in COVID-19 patients, thus allowing for earlier identification of high-risk patients and those who will be hospitalized for longer periods.

Glossing and incidental vocabulary learning in L2 reading: a cognitive load perspective

Abstract Considering the relationship between reading and incidental vocabulary learning, in this study the effects of electronic glosses as well as working memory (WM) capacity on readers’ intake of new words were investigated. One hundred twenty users of English read an electronic text annotated with either lexical or topic-level glosses placed in either a pop-up window or a separate window. Upon reading, they took immediate and delayed form recognition and meaning recall tests as well as a subjective rating of cognitive load (CL). The results showed that lexical annotations led to a better performance on the unannounced immediate meaning recall test. In the pop-up window condition, high capacity readers were able to supply more definitions for the target words than low capacity readers on the delayed post-test. While no effects of WM, gloss type, or gloss location emerged for the reported CL, pop-up window annotations were the most frequently accessed ones.

Beyond the Partnership Debate: Localizing Knowledge Production in Refugee and Forced Migration Studies

AbstractThere is a growing recognition in refugee and forced migration studies that research partnerships, especially those that cross geographies of the global North and global South, are both a blessing and a potential curse. They are a blessing as they encourage new approaches to the co-creation of knowledge, build solidarity networks, and leverage support for scholars based in the global South. But they can also be a curse as they typically function within and can inadvertently reproduce deeply embedded structures of inequality. Drawing on the results of a review of forced displacement research centres based in the global South and interviews with the directors of these centres, this article encourages a shift from focusing on research partnerships to an approach that supports the localization of knowledge production in refugee and forced migration studies. This approach seeks to change the structures of knowledge production, including direct funding to researchers and research centres based in the global South, an emphasis on the transfer of power to researchers in the South, a recognition of the diverse forms and sources of knowledge produced within the field, and an appreciation for the diverse understandings of success and impact across contexts.

Види та екоморфологічна диференціація роду Arvicola (Mammalia) у Східній Європі

The genus Arvicola is represented in the fauna of Eastern Europe by several taxa and ecological races of semi-species and subspecies rank. Morphological data indicate the taxonomic homogeneity of lowland amphibious forms and a high level of differentiation of some mountain fossorial forms. Analysis of variation of morphometric characters shows a substantial hiatus for the Carpathian form of Arvicola, considered as A. scherman, as well as the absence of sufficient differentiation among other forms such as in lowland water voles from different parts of Ukraine or in mountain forms from the Northern Caucasus. Morphological features of the Carpathian taxon (A. scherman gutsulius) are stable compared to other mountain water vole populations from Europe and its substantial differences from the Caucasian form, which is very close to the lowland A. amphibius, do not support the idea of the ‘effect of mountains’ in the formation of small fossorial forms of Arvicola. The Carpathian Arvicola differs from all of the studied lowland forms in both morphometric and craniometric characters, which are important in the taxonomy and diagnostics of water voles (coefficient of divergence in body and skull dimensions reach CD = 4...5 ϭ. The mountain water vole (A. scherman) is characterized by a number of paedomorphic features that should be recognized as an ancestral state (plesiomorpy), whereas the European water vole (A. amphibius) is considered as an evolutionary advanced and gerontomorphic form. These two species are allopatric and the border between their distribution ranges coincide with the geographic limits of lowland and mountain faunal assemblages. Evidence for the recognition of the mountain fossorial form as either a separate species or an ecological race of the lowland species is considered. The fossorial A. scherman can be included to the group chosaricus–mosbachensis, but it remains unclear whether it should be considered an ancestral form in the evolution of the lowland A. amphibius or as an example of recapitulation of characters due to secondary transition to fossorial lifestyle. A comparison of different geographic forms of Arvicola suggests that the formation of the group took place in piedmont–mountainous areas of Europe, whereas the forms distributed further east are probably derived from the European ones.

Comparison of corellation method and artifitial neural networks for determining of object position by ultrawideband fields

Background: Global and local positioning systems have a wide area of civil and military applications. Transport, logistics, precise agriculture, industrial technologies, safety systems need a strict definition of objects position on plane or in space. Existing modern positioning systems have some drawbacks in utilization and restrictions in application. Objectives: To improve a system of local positioning on a plane that does not need a time synchronization using the impulse ultrawideband electromagnetic field of two spaced bow-tie antennas and analysis and recognition of time forms of received waves by artificial neural networks and cross correlation method. To carried out the investigation of stability of the positioning system operation in presence of an interference in the form of additive white noise. Materials and methods: The electromagnetic simulation of excitation and radiation of the antennas is carried out by finite difference time domain method. The classification of received impulse form by known samples is realized by two alternative method, i.e. correlation approach and artificial neural networks. Results: The utilization of correlation method and artificial neural networks permitted to realize the positioning system with angular resolution of 1 degree. The probability distributions of recognized angles for different levels of additive noise in received signals for these two techniques are obtained. Conclusion: The comparison of artificial neural network application and correlation method for angle recognition shows that artificial neural networks can demonstrate a better precision than correlation approach. artificial neural network gives a correct angle recognition after statistical averaging of classification results even for the signal to noise ratio 0 dB. Artificial neural networks demonstrate a in three times shorter time of numerical simulation than we need for cross correlation function calculation. The application of shorter electromagnetic impulse increases the quality of angle classification in presence of the noise for both presented methods.

P219 An application of artificial intelligence in Inflammatory Bowel Disease detection

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is verified on the basis of complex assessment of clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and morphological data. However, due to the lack of a ‘golden’ standard and similarity of the clinical picture, it usually takes more than 1 year to diagnose ulcerative colitis (UC) and more than 2 years for Crohn`s disease (CD). The aim of the study is to optimize the existing methods in diagnosis of IBD with an application of an artificial neural network (ANN). Methods 216 patients with verified IBD (163 – UC, 53 – CD of large bowel) and 34 patients without endoscopic findings underwent colonoscopy in the Peter the Great Clinic of Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University (Saint-Petersburg, Russia). During the endoscopic examination 856 images were obtained: 268 images of “normal mucosa”, 194 ones of CD of large bowel and 394 ones of UC. The study included images of mild, moderate and severe activity of IBD. Mayo endoscopic score was used to assess endoscopic activity of UC. For CD the scoring scales were not provided, the activity of the disease was based on the length of the affected segment, presence of erosions, ulcers and complications such as strictures, fistulae and stenosis. All images were captured in high-resolution with the same endoscope (Olympus) and stored in a jpeg format. Poor-quality images resulting from blurs, defocus and poor air insufflation were excluded. We also created the ANN using the Neural Network Toolbox application from the MATLAB application package. The ANN consisted of 2 models: the first one was multilayer perceptron which determined a presence of pathology, the second was convolutional neural network which differentiated the types of IBD (UC or CD). Results All the endoscopic images were downloaded to the created ANN. It was trained 3 times due to the decrease of its accuracy. The average accuracy of the developed model in differentiation of pathology was 77%. This result could be associated with an insufficient number of CD images or ANN training on continuous data set of images with UC and CD features without clustering them to particular patient. Conclusion We conclude that the developed ANN shows moderate accuracy in recognition of different forms of IBD. This study has a limitation as the images were taken only with endoscope Olympus. Enlarged sample size and inclusion of morphologic images are needed in order to improve the accuracy of ANN.

Early Top-Down Modulation in Visual Word Form Processing: Evidence From an Intracranial SEEG Study.

Visual word recognition, at a minimum, involves the processing of word form and lexical information. Opinions diverge on the spatiotemporal distribution of and interaction between the two types of information. Feedforward theory argues that they are processed sequentially, whereas interactive theory advocates that lexical information is processed fast and modulates early word form processing. To distinguish between the two theories, we applied stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) to 33 human adults with epilepsy (25 males and eight females) during visual lexical decisions. The stimuli included real words (RWs), pseudowords (PWs) with legal radical positions, nonwords (NWs) with illegal radical positions, and stroked-changed words (SWs) in Chinese. Word form and lexical processing were measured by the word form effect (PW versus NW) and lexical effect (RW versus PW), respectively. Gamma-band (60 ∼ 140 Hz) SEEG activity was treated as an electrophysiological measure. A word form effect was found in eight left brain regions (i.e., the inferior parietal lobe, insula, fusiform, inferior temporal, middle temporal, middle occipital, precentral and postcentral gyri) from 50 ms poststimulus onset, whereas a lexical effect was observed in five left brain regions (i.e., the calcarine, middle temporal, superior temporal, precentral, and postcentral gyri) from 100 ms poststimulus onset. The two effects overlapped in the precentral (300 ∼ 500 ms) and postcentral (100 ∼ 200 ms and 250 ∼ 600 ms) gyri. Moreover, high-level regions provide early feedback to word form regions. These results demonstrate that lexical processing occurs early and modulates word form recognition, providing vital supportive evidence for interactive theory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A pivotal unresolved dispute in the field of word processing is whether word form recognition is obligatorily modulated by high-level lexical top-down information. To address this issue, we applied intracranial SEEG to 33 adults with epilepsy to precisely delineate the spatiotemporal dynamics between processing word form and lexical information during visual word recognition. We observed that lexical processing occurred from 100 ms poststimulus presentation and even spatiotemporally overlapped with word form processing. Moreover, the high-order regions provided feedback to the word form regions in the early stage of word recognition. These results revealed the crucial role of high-level lexical information in word form recognition, deepening our understanding of the functional coupling among brain regions in word processing networks.

Effectiveness of Multimodal Glossing Reading Program on English Vocabulary Acquisition

Vocabulary is an essential factor in English language learning. The competency in vocabulary acquisition enables learners to develop their language skills, especially, reading skill. Presently, with the advent of technology, teaching media with visual aid is used worldwide for media-assisted language learning. The study aimed to develop, implement Multimodal Glossing Reading Program (MMGR), used for enhancing English vocabulary acquisition, and compare the program with Textual Glossing Reading Program (TGR) and a control group. One control group and two experimental groups were performed by 72 university learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). An experimental research with randomized pretest-posttest control group was used. Pre-and post-tests of meaning and form recognition were administered. The scores learners obtained from the pre-test and post-test within groups and between groups were analyzed by MANOVA. The findings revealed that MMGR was effective than TGR and the control group. It is suggested that teaching English vocabulary through MMGR program not only helps learners have the ability in vocabulary acquisition, but also enables the instructors to use the program as a potentially supplemental material or alternative method in teaching vocabulary as well.

The effects of emotional context and exposure frequency on L2 contextual word learning

Objectives: An experiment was conducted to explore how emotional valence of contexts and exposure frequency of novel words affect second language (L2) contextual word learning. Methodology: Chinese native speakers who learned English in a formal classroom setting were asked to read English paragraphs with different emotional valence (positive, negative or neutral) across five different days. These paragraphs were embedded with pseudowords. During this learning process, form recognition test and meaning recall test were carried out for these pseudowords. Data and analysis: Data were analyzed using mixed-model ANOVA. Accuracy for each task was compared among the three kinds of emotional contexts. Findings/Conclusions: In the form recognition test, the accuracy in the negative context was higher than in the positive and neutral contexts, and the pseudowords were acquired much earlier. In the meaning recall test, the accuracy in the positive and negative contexts was higher than that in the neutral context. Accuracy increased gradually with the increase of exposure frequency of the pseudowords. More importantly, we found that less exposure times were needed for emotional context relative to neutral context in contextual word learning. Originality: This may be the first study to explore the influence of emotional valence and exposure frequency on L2 contextual word learning. Significance/Implications: This study underlined the importance of emotional information in L2 contextual word learning and contributed to the understanding of how emotional information and exposure frequency functions in this learning process.

EEG theta responses induced by emoji semantic violations

This study investigated emoji semantic processing by measuring changes in event-related electroencephalogram (EEG) power. The last segment of experimental sentences was designed as either words or emojis consistent or inconsistent with the sentential context. The results showed that incongruent emojis led to a conspicuous increase of theta power (4–7 Hz), while incongruent words induced a decrease. Furthermore, the theta power increase was observed at midfrontal, occipital and bilateral temporal lobes with emojis. This suggests a higher working memory load for monitoring errors, difficulty of form recognition and concept retrieval in emoji semantic processing. It implies different neuro-cognitive processes involved in the semantic processing of emojis and words.

Expérience amoureuse la plus difficile : Qu’en disent les garçons rapportant un vécu de violence physique dans leurs relations amoureuses ?

Objectifs : Bien que la majorité des écrits portant sur la violence physique dans les relations amoureuses (VRA physique) s’attardent à la victimisation chez les filles, les garçons sont également à risque. Cette étude vise à documenter les expériences amoureuses de garçons ayant vécu de la VRA physique.Méthode : Dans l’Enquête Parcours Amoureux des Jeunes, 1 701 garçons ont rapporté avoir eu une relation amoureuse dans la dernière année. Parmi eux, 184 ont subi au moins un épisode de VRA physique et ont répondu à une question ouverte les invitant à décrire l’expérience la plus difficile vécue dans une relation amoureuse. Une analyse qualitative a été réalisée à partir des réponses, puis a été complétée avec des analyses corrélationnelles et de comparaison de moyennes.Résultats : Cinq catégories conceptuelles ont émergé, relatant des difficultés relationnelles (n = 39) ou sexuelles (n = 9), des ruptures amoureuses (n = 47), des expériences d’infidélité (n = 57) ou de VRA (n = 19). Treize participants ne rapportaient aucun événement difficile. Seulement 15 participants ont évoqué un événement de VRA, et trois de VRA physique subie. Les analyses révèlent que plus un participant rapporte une tolérance élevée envers la violence, plus il a vécu de formes différentes de VRA.Implications : Les témoignages recueillis soulignent la présence de plusieurs sources de détresse dans leurs relations amoureuses, cumulés à la VRA physique. Ces constats soulèvent l’importance d’aider les garçons à développer leurs capacités de résilience et à reconnaître les différentes formes de VRA, et de les soutenir dans leur recherche d’aide.

Tourism Industry must benefit from IT&amp;C Hyperautomation

The tourism industry is one of the most significant users of Internet technology, an important communication tool for travelers. The Internet influences travel behavior in a variety of ways and leads to fundamental changes in the structures of the tourism industry in the context of the new era of digital travel. The Covid19 pandemic has fundamentally changed the way we travel. It is essential in this context that companies in the hospitality sector digitize their business processes to survive in a global ecosystem. Digitalization and innovation are essential for the development of new business models, and there is a growing need for staff with well-defined digital skills. This fully applies to the tourism sector, companies in this industry must invest in staff, to provide opportunities for changing mentalities and work paradigms. This paper analyzes and emphasizes the urgent need to cultivate, understand, implement and use the capabilities of information technologies, which prove their economic and social potential in the field of tourism industry, through a complex process of hyper automation. Intelligent automation of tourism activities, along with increasing the recognition and processing capabilities of various forms of language or visuals, accompanied by a massive migration to the cloud, are just some of the current and future requirements for building smart and safe tourism.

과업의 관여 부담 수준과 작업 기억이 고등학교 영어 학습자의 제2언어 어휘 학습에 미치는 영향

This study investigated the effects of task-induced involvement load and working memory on Korean high school English learners' vocabulary acquisition and long-term retention. Sixty-six students were divided into three groups and experienced three different tasks that differed in terms of their involvement load: 1) gap-filling, 2) unscrambling sentences, and 3) writing original sentences. Each group took a post-vocabulary test comprising two subtests―form recognition and meaning recognition―immediately after the treatment and one week later. Results showed that the students who performed the task of writing original sentences, which was assumed to have the highest involvement load, gained the highest scores in the immediate meaning recognition test. Further, working memory of the students had a weak but statistically significant correlation with the short-term learning of both form and meaning and the long-term retention of meaning. More detailed findings are presented along with suggestions for pedagogy and future research.

Visuo-motor integration, vision perception and attention in mTBI patients. Preliminary findings.

Patients with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) often report difficulties in motor coordination and visuo-spatial attention. However, the consequences of mTBI on fine motor and visuo-motor coordination are still not well understood. We aimed to evaluate whether mTBI had a concomitant effect on fine motor ability and visuo-motor integration and whether this is related to visual perception and visuo-spatial attention impairments, including patients at different symptoms stage. Eleven mTBI patients (mean age 22.8 years) and ten healthy controls participated in the study. Visuo-motor integration of fine motor abilities and form recognition were measured with the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration test, motion perception was evaluated with motion coherence test, critical flicker fusion was measured with Pocket CFF tester. Visuo-spatial was assessed with the Ruff 2 & 7 Selection Attention Test. mTBI patients showed reduced visuo-motor integration, form recognition, and motor deficits as well as visuo-spatial attention impairment, while motion perception and critical flicker fusion were not impaired. These preliminary findings suggest that the temporary brain insults deriving from mTBI compromise fine motor skills, visuomotor integration, form recognition, and visuo-spatial attention. The impairment in visuo-motor coordination was associated with speed in visuo-attention and correlated with symptoms severity while motor ability was correlated with time since concussion. Given the strong correlation between visuomotor coordination and symptom severity, further investigation with a larger sample seems warranted. Since there appeared to be differences in motor skills with respect to symptom stage, further research is needed to investigate symptom profiles associated with visuomotor coordination and fine motor deficits in mTBI patients.

Phrasal Learning Is a Horse Apiece: No Recognition Memory Advantages for Idioms in L1 and L2 Adult Learners

Native (L1) and to some extent non-native (L2) speakers have shown processing advantages for idioms compared to novel literal phrases, and there is limited evidence that this advantage also extends to memory in L1 children. This study investigated whether these advantages generalize to recognition memory in adults. It employed a learning paradigm to test whether there is a recognition memory advantage for idioms compared to literal phrases in adult L1 and L2 learners considering both form and meaning recognition. Additionally, we asked whether the presence of unfamiliar vocabulary interferes with phrasal learning by looking at recall of such unfamiliar words. When encountering new idioms, L2 learners often must cope with both figurative meaning and unfamiliar vocabulary. While single word meaning need not interfere with idiomatic meaning, it is a building block for the meaning of literal phrases. In Experiment 1, L2 learners showed equal recall for the form and meaning of literal and idiomatic phrases in which either all words were highly familiar, or one word was unfamiliar. However, unfamiliar words decreased overall recognition and were also remembered significantly better in literal compared to idiomatic phrases. In Experiment 2, L1 speakers also showed no recall differences between phrase types, but they displayed a trending increase in recognition in the presence of unfamiliar words. We conclude that there is no inherent recognition memory advantage for idioms based on figurativeness alone, and word- and phrasal meaning interact differently in learner groups.

Life's organization between matter and form: Neo-Aristotelian approaches and biosemiotics.

In this paper, I discuss the neo-Aristotelian approaches, which usually reinterpret Aristotle's ideas on form and/or borrow the notion of formal cause without engaging with the broader implications of Aristotle's metaphysics. In opposition to these approaches, I claim that biosemiotics can propose an alternative view on life's form. Specifically, I examine the proposals to replace the formal cause with gene-centrism, functionalism, and structuralism. After critically addressing these approaches, I discuss the problems of reconciling Aristotelianism with the modern view of life's organization. I claim that the notion of the final cause proposes a cosmological hierarchy and that this is the main problem with applying the formal cause to biology. An alternative categorization of conceptualizing life's form involves (1) the processual identity, (2) relational property clusters, and (3) context-dependent transmission of representational units. The third category points to a semiotic basis of the form of life. In this context, I offer to readjust the focus of the problem of matter-form duality by pointing out that form is primarily an issue of the subject-object relation. Biosemiotics helps to understand the constructive role of symbolic representation in living systems, which is crucial to extend the analysis of the form from cognitive representations to external phenomena. Emergence of subjectivity and perspectivity of interactions are key elements to bridge the form and actual processes within a non-hylomorphic account. To demonstrate transitions from the physical influence of shapes to the organic recognition of forms, I address the biological studies on the synchronization of coincidental inputs and enzyme specificity.

Relationship of knowledge about and attitudes towards violence with recognition of violence against women among health staff in pre-hospital emergency medical services

BackgroundDomestic violence, specifically, violence against women, is prevalent in all segments of society regardless of social class, ethnicity, culture or country. In other words, domestic violence is a global concern. AimThe study aims to investigate the relationship between the attitude and knowledge of the health staff in pre-hospital emergency medical services about violence against women and their recognition of such form of violence. MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted on 1023 paramedics and emergency medicine technicians who work in the pre-hospital emergency health setting and are members of the Paramedic and Pre-hospital Emergency Medicine Association. The Attitudes towards Violence against Women Scale (ATVAWS) and Health Staff's Recognition of Signs of Violence against Women Scale (HPRSVAWS) were used for data collection. ResultsThe mean scores for the ATVAWS and HPRSVAWS were 46.68 ± 6.92 and 20.31 ± 3.23, respectively. Of the participants, 48.5% had been subjected to violence, 43.93% had been subjected to violence perpetrated by their mothers, 41.53% had been exposed to physical violence and 4.2% remain exposed to domestic violence. Participants who had been exposed and those who remain exposed to domestic violence produced high scores in ATVAWS, which indicates an improvement in the traditional approach (less opposing view) to violence. High scores in the ATVAWS for (a) those who were exposed to violence in their workplaces, (b) who had never attended to actual or suspected cases of violence against women in their professional life, (c) who had attended to seven or more cases of violence against women, (d) who were less competent in physically examining actual or suspected cases of violence and (e) who had not been trained on violence against women, which indicates an increase in the traditional approach to violence. ConclusionThe study found that health staff in emergency health stations better recognised the signs of violence against women as their attitudes towards violence were less similar to the traditional approach. That is, they mostly held non-violent views. The characteristics, attitudes, perceptions and values of health professionals were considered important factors in addressing violence.