Survey Information Research Articles

THE EFFECTS OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS' ETHICAL LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS ON TEACHERS' JOB SATISFACTION

In this research, the effect of school administrators' ethical leadership behaviors on teachers' job satisfaction was examined. The research was carried out with quantitative methods. Findings were collected through survey forms. The sample consists of 799 teachers. Data analyzes were carried out using multiple linear regression test on SPSS program. The study found that the ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators explained a significant part of teachers' job satisfaction. However, it was determined that only the climatic leadership sub-dimension of ethical leadership had a positive and significant effect on teachers' job satisfaction. It was concluded that when the climate leadership behaviors of school administrators increase, teachers' job satisfaction will also increase.

Development and validation of the air pollution exposure protective behavior scale for toddlers

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to develop the air pollution exposure protective behavior scale for toddlers and test its psychometric properties, to provide a tool for the assessment of air pollution exposure protective behaviors for toddlers. Methods: A draft scale containing 39 items was constructed based on an evidence summary, an interview, and a literature review. The scale was revised according to the comments from 16 experts in public health, environmental science, and nursing through a modified Delphi method, and the results of a pilot test of air pollution exposure protective behaviors for toddlers (n = 57). A formal survey was conducted using the revised scale (n = 876). Factor structure and model fit of the scale were examined using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. An expert consultation was conducted to assess the content validity. Known-groups validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and split-half reliability of the scale were also calculated. Results: A 5-point Likert Scale of 4 dimensions, consisting of 25 main items, 2 additional items, and 4 validation items, was developed in this study, to assess the air pollution exposure protective behaviors for toddlers. In the formal survey, the 4 factors of the scale explained 63.0% of the variance, with a good model fit and acceptable convergence. The scale Cronbach α was 0.93. The test-retest correlation coefficients for all 4 dimensions and the whole scale scores were above 0.70 and statistically significant, with a Spearman-Brown coefficient of 0.85. Conclusion: This study developed and validated an assessment scale, the air pollution exposure protective behavior scale for toddlers, with good reliability and validity. This scale can provide a basis for clarifying the current situation of air pollution exposure protective behaviors for toddlers and for implementing precision nursing on respiratory symptoms and diseases for toddlers.

Examining The Necessity and Significance of Implementing Cross-Cultural Management Practice in Yixin Energy Technology Co. In Shanghai, China

Cross cultural management mainly focuses on the behaviour of people from different culture working together as a group or an organization. Most of cross-cultural management study aims at dealing with the issue of organizational behaviour, such as leadership style, motivational approaches, strategy, organizational structure. As to the cultural concept, culture is a complex issue in some fields such as sociology, anthropology and now become a hot topic in management. The aim of this paper is to examine the necessity and significance of implementing cross-cultural management practice in Yixin Energy Technology Co. in Shanghai, China. A questionnaire is used in this study. This study randomly distributed questionnaires in the form of survey and collected 158 results as samples. SPSS was used for data analysis of the data obtained. The information gathered from the survey questionnaire underwent a number of in-depth investigations before being interpreted. Descriptive tests, ANOVA, and multi-regression test. Multiple regression indicates that there is a strong relationship between the independent factors and the dependent variables. The analysis's findings indicate that the three independent factors examined in this study may account for around 38.1% of the variance in multinational companies' cross-cultural management. Based on the findings, the social culture impacted the cross cultural management at 23.3%, the government policy impacted the cross cultural management at 35.0%, the management style impacted the cross cultural management at 21.8% and the cross cultural management at 28.7%. This study's findings provided concrete statistical support for the argument that cross-cultural practise is necessary, and Yixin Energy Technology Co. in Shanghai, China, has acknowledged the need of this cross-cultural practise. It is advised that businesses create a series of cross-cultural training programmes that concentrate on different levels of expatriates.

A Multi-center Cross-Sectional Assessment of Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Thromboprophylaxis.

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially avoidable condition that affects hospitalized patients. Risk stratification and preventative strategies have substantial evidence supporting their use, but reasons hinder widespread adoption, compliance, and success, explaining the continuation of VTE. Thromboprophylaxis consists of several measures that are frequently adopted to avoid the complications of VTE. The study evaluated knowledge, attitude, and practice towardusing thromboprophylaxis by health professionals. Methods This multi-center cross-sectional study was carried out on health professionals involved in patient care working in various secondary and tertiary hospitals in the study region between October 2023 and February 2024. A previously published questionnaire was sent in the form of an online survey to the study participants. Fifteen, ten, and ninequestions evaluated the participants' knowledge, attitude, and practice of thromboprophylaxis, respectively. The study followed the checklist for reporting results of the Internet E-survey (CHERRIES) guidelines. Frequency and percentages were calculated. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression were carried out and presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. AP-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results Of the 219 participants, 115 (52.5%) and 104 (47.5%) were males and females. More than 50.7%were in the age group of >30 years, and the majority of the participants possessed a bachelor's (104 (47.5%)) degree. One hundred seventy-six (80.4%)of the study participants were working in government hospitals, and the majority (112 (51.1%)) were nurses. One hundred sixty-two (74% (67.63-79.65)), 175 (79.9% (73.98-85.01)) and 211 (96.3% (92.93)) had satisfactory knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practice regarding thromboprophylaxis, respectively. Regarding the facility characteristics, 196 (89.5%), 150 (68.5%), and 164 (74.9%) respondents agreed with the availability of a VTE prevention policy, VTE prevention consultants, and the availability of anticoagulants. Eighty (36.5%)participants responded with a 'not availability' of pneumatic compression devices. Of the 15 knowledge questions, the majority (124 (56.6%)) participants faulted the false statements regarding 'patients of DVT being symptomatic' and 119 (54.3%) on the statement that helping patients 'out of bed activity does not prevent VTE'. On multi-variable analysis, participants who were aware of having a VTE prevention policy and availability of anticoagulants were more knowledgeable with adjusted odds ratios of 5.39 (1.88-15.39) and 2.52 (1.12-5.63) respectively. Every practice domain received >90% approval ratings. Conclusions The study concludes that an overall satisfactory knowledge and positive attitude regarding thromboprophylaxis exists among the participants. The study proposes more training sessions on VTE prevention and orientation of health professionals on the availability of VTE policy guidelines and facility availability of resources for thromboprophylaxis.

Postoperative Negative Pain Thoughts and Their Correlation With Patient-Reported Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: An Observational Cohort Study

Background: Pain and pain perception are influenced by patients’ thoughts. The short form Negative Pain Thoughts Questionnaire (NPTQ-SF) can be used to quantify unhelpful negative cognitive biases about pain, but the relationship between NPTQ-SF scores and orthopaedic surgery outcomes is not known. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to assess the relationship between negative pain thoughts, as measured by the NPTQ-SF, and patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, as well as to compare NPTQ-SF scores and outcomes between patients with and without a history of chronic pain and psychiatric history. It was hypothesized that patients with worse negative pain thoughts would have worse patient-reported outcomes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: In total, 109 patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were administered the 4-item NPTQ-SF, 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Shoulder Evaluation Form, and visual analog scale pain survey preoperatively between July 2021 and August 2022. The same surveys were completed ≥6 months postoperatively by 74 patients confirmed to have undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Results: Preoperative NPTQ-SF scores did not show any correlation with the postoperative patient-reported outcomes measured in this study. Postoperative NPTQ-SF scores were statistically significantly negatively correlated with postoperative SF-12 Physical Health Score, SF-12 Mental Health Score, ASES, and satisfaction scores (P < .05). Postoperative NPTQ-SF scores were statistically significantly positively correlated with postoperative visual analog scale scores (P < .001). Moreover, postoperative NPTQ-SF scores were statistically significantly negatively correlated with achieving a Patient Acceptable Symptom State and the minimal clinically important difference on the postoperative ASES form (P < .001 and P = .009, respectively). Conclusion: Postoperative patient thought patterns and their perception of pain are correlated with postoperative outcomes after rotator cuff repair. This correlation suggests a role for counseling and expectation management in the postoperative setting. Conversely, preoperative thought patterns regarding pain, as measured by the NPTQ-SF, do not correlate with postoperative patient-reported outcome measures. Therefore, the NPTQ-SF should not be used as a preoperative tool to aid the prediction of outcomes after rotator cuff repair.

Online Medium of International Linkage; Entrepreneurs and Youngsters

Since 2016, the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) has contributed a positive effect on current business and educational developments in Malaysia. Therefore, various organisations are actively engaged in sharing knowledge and information with the public as part of the impact of the establishment. Hence, higher education institutions (IPT) and non-governmental organisations are collaborating to provide early exposure to youth, particularly in the fields of education and business. Due to society's current interest in modernisation, particularly in this digitally driven period, business patterns have accelerated, powering the economies of nations. In response, the online International Linkage Entrepreneur and Youngster (ILEY) program was initiated to share thoughts with the youth and the public. ILEY provided an opportunity for students and fresh graduates to explore the concept of entrepreneurship. The platform focuses on the fundamental online business, as well as the latest technology and applications for online marketing. ILEY was held online, with the involvement of entrepreneurs from Malaysia and Indonesia. This research was conducted using the survey method. The survey form received responses from 110 participants based in Malaysia and Indonesia. The online participants were satisfied with ILEY. During the event, these speakers shared their viewpoints on small business management and strategies for dealing with business issues.

Role of self-help groups on socioeconomic development and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) among rural women in Cooch Behar District, India

This study examines the transformative role of self-help groups (SHGs) in the socioeconomic development of rural women in Cooch Behar District, India, and their contribution toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. In this study, we explored the effect of SHGs on rural women by specifically addressing SDGs, such as no poverty (SDG 1), zero hunger (SDG 2), good health and well-being (SDG 3), quality education (SDG 4), and gender equality (SDG 5). Given this issue, a cross-sectional survey and comparison analyses are needed to assess the socioeconomic development of rural women and their awareness level before and after the participation of rural women in SHGs. The survey conducted as part of this study was divided into three sections, namely, demographic characteristics, socioeconomic development, and awareness level, with each focusing on different aspects. A group of 400 individuals who were part of SHGs completed the questionnaire survey form. The results showed that the participation of rural women in SHGs significantly improved their socioeconomic development and awareness level, as supported by both mean values and t test results. Memberships in SHGs and microcredit programs were the major elements that boosted the socioeconomic development of rural women, which also achieves SDGs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. This study revealed that participation in SHGs and related financial services significantly aided rural women in economically disadvantaged communities in accumulating savings and initiating entrepreneurial ventures. Moreover, participation in SHGs was instrumental in enhancing the self-confidence, self-efficacy, and overall self-esteem of rural women. Finally, doing so enabled them to move more freely for work and other activities and to make family and common decisions.

Stress Tracking and Relieving System

Abstract: Current stress detection systems mostly rely on sensors and survey forms. Sensors are expensive. Survey forms can be inaccurate. To solve these problems our system tries to predict stress from face using deep learning. Our system also predicts heart rate using camera.

Margin Pemasaran Komoditi Kentang Di Kecamatan Modoinding Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan

The objectives of this study were to map market actors, calculate marketing margins for potato crops, and describe the potato marketing channels in Modoinding Sub-district. The research took place in May 2023 and was conducted in Modoinding District, South Minahasa Regency. Data were collected through primary data by conducting interviews with owners or farmers who cultivate potato crops using a list of questions (questionnaires) that have been prepared. Secondary data were obtained through literature searches from literature, articles, journals, previous research and relevant data and reports from relevant agencies such as the Department of Agriculture, BPS and district, sub-district and village governments to support primary data. Samples were taken from 30 people in 10 villages using simple random sampling and for traders using snowball sampling. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively, and using tables, and described in the form of surveys obtained through direct interaction with research subjects or test subjects using questionnaire techniques. The marketing channels obtained can be described as a whole pattern and level of marketing channels. The results of this study show that the potato marketing margin of each institution in Modoinding sub-district is different between Manado, Bitung, and Kotamobagu channels. Farmer's share received by farmers in the Bitung channel is higher than farmer's share in the Manado and Kotamobagu channels, but farmers still get the same purchase price. Channel (farmer - intermediary - retailer - consumer). Farmers still get the same price and the costs of labor and transportation are borne by buyers, namely collectors and retailers.

The Effect of Materialism, Conspicuous Consumption and Sense of Shame on Intention to Purchase Counterfeit Products and the Mediating Role of Attitude

Counterfeiting is an essential issue that has existed since ancient times and has become more prevalent today with technological advancements, and it should be highlighted. Consumers who desire to buy expensive products, particularly luxury items, but lack the financial means to do so engage in the practice of purchasing counterfeits of these products. Counterfeit products are purchased mostly by young customers for a variety of reasons, including having prestige, showing off, and emphasizing materialism. The goal of this study, under this paradigm, is to disclose the impacts of materialism, conspicuous consumption, and sense of shame on the intention to purchase counterfeit products, as well as the mediating function of attitude toward counterfeit products in these effects in a sample of university students. Data were collected for this purpose using an online survey form, and it was discovered that 477 university students engaged in the survey during the data collection procedure. The data analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between university students' materialism and conspicuous consumption behaviors and intention to purchase counterfeit products, as well as a significant negative relationship between their sense of shame and intention to purchase counterfeit products. Furthermore, it was established that attitudes regarding counterfeit products play a significant mediating role in the impacts of materialism, conspicuous consumption, and a sense of shame on the intention to purchase counterfeit products. These findings provide significant theoretical and practical contributions.

MOBILITY ISSUES AMONG THE ELDERLY IN KOTA KINABALU, SABAH: AN INITIAL STUDY

Ageing has become an issue of concern in developing countries such as Malaysia. Senior citizens are still able to contribute to employment, albeit with mobility demands. The purpose of this study is to explore mobility issues among the elderly. This study used a mixed-method approach. Purposive sampling survey forms were delivered to 644 people aged 60 years and above. The study interviewed three informants to support the research’s findings. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential approaches such as percentages, mean scores and cross-tabulation. The results revealed that health had become a major mobility issue. Their limited access to public transport and unfamiliarity with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has limited their choices of transportation such as e-hailing services. Most have strong support from their families or children to reach their destinations. However, not all elderly have access to a private car and do not live with children or other family members. The challenge is to improve public transit and enhance ICT usage to meet the mobility needs of the elderly. The findings can be utilised to generate ideas for local authorities and various agencies to develop policies and strategies to satisfy the mobility needs of the elderly.

Effect of Social Work Students’ Human Values, Social Interest, and Attitudes Towards Syrians on Xenophobia

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of social work students' human values, social interest levels and attitudes towards Syrians on xenophobia. The study was carried out using the relational screening model; the sample consists of the students studying in the social work undergraduate programs of different universities across Turkey. The data collection tool employed is a survey form consisting of a personal information form, An Attitude Scale Towards Syrians, The Scale of Xenophobia, Human Values Scale and Social Interest Scale. The data obtained from the research have led to the conclusion that the students who received high scores from the Human Values Scale and Social Interest Scale had positive attitudes towards foreigners and Syrians. A statistically significant difference was found in all scales in terms of the gender variable (p

Evaluation of Preclinical Dentistry Students' Perspectives Towards Disabled Individuals Before Clinical Internship Training

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the perspectives of preclinical dentistry students (1st, 2nd and 3rd year) towards disabled individuals before starting their clinical internship training. Methods: Our study was planned on 217 preclinical dentistry students studying at a dentistry faculty in Turkey. Survey form: It consists of 46 questions in total, including 6 questions that introduce students and 40 questions that constitute the Attitude Scale towards People Affected by Disabilities. The questions were directed to students in the Fall semester of the 2023-2024 academic year. For the analysis of the study; Power analysis, Frequency analysis, Normality test (Shapiro-Wilk), Independent T test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used. The significance level was accepted as α=0.05. Results: 179 students; 111 females and 68 males participated in the study. The participation rate was found to be 82.49%. With the perspectives of preclinical dentistry students towards disabled individuals; there wasn’t significant difference in terms of their gender (p&gt;0.05), education level (p&gt;0.05), attendance at any training/seminar on disabled individuals (p&gt;0.05), presence of a disabled individual among their acquaintances (p&gt;0.05) and living in the same house with a disabled individual (p&gt;0.05). However, a statistical difference was detected in terms of the frequency of meeting with disabled individuals (p

Beta amyloid PET scans for dementia diagnoses: Practice and research implications from CARE-IDEAS.

Beta amyloid PET scans are a minimally invasive biomarker that may inform Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. The Caregiver's Reactions and Experience (CARE) study, an IDEAS supplement, aimed to understand experiences of PET scan recipients and their care partners regarding motivations for scans, reporting and interpreting results, and impact of results. Patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia who agreed to join the CARE-IDEAS study and their care partners participated in a baseline survey and follow-up survey approximately 18 months later, supplemented by in-depth qualitative interviews with subsets of participants. Patients who received scans and volunteered for follow-up research were more likely to be male, better educated, and have higher income than the general population. Survey information was merged with Medicare data. This article integrates findings from several CARE-IDEAS publications and provides implications for practice and research. Although most participants accurately reported scan results, they were often confused about their meaning for prognosis. Some participants reported distress with results, but there were no significant changes in measured depression, burden, or economic strain over time. Many respondents desired more information about prognosis and supportive resources. Scan results were not differentially associated with changes in service use over time. Findings suggest a need for carefully designed and tested tools for clinicians to discuss risks and benefits of scans and their results, and resources to support patients and care partners in subsequent planning. Learning of scan results provides a point-of-contact that should be leveraged to facilitate shared decision-making and person-centered longitudinal AD care.

Eco-Drainage Combined with Infiltration Wells for Sustainable Flood Control

Rawa Makmur is located in Muara Bangka Hulu District, Bengkulu City, with an area of 150 hectares and a population of 1,468 people. This area in the form of a swamp has experienced a 30% change in the shape of the land in a period of 3 years and causes flooding during the rainy season. The existing drainage system is unable to accommodate and drain the river. This problem requires planning an environmentally friendly drainage system design (eco-drainage), one of which is using infiltration wells. This study aims to overcome stagnant water in Rawa Makmur Village by implementing an environmentally oriented drainage system (eco-drainage) using infiltration wells. The data used are primary data (measurement of canal dimensions) and secondary data in the form of rainfall data, topographic surveys, soil testing and other supporting data which are processed using hydrological analysis and hydraulic analysis. Based on the results of data processing and analysis, it was found that the intensity of rainfall with a return period of 10 years was 11.25 mm/hour and the planned flood discharge was 0.1039 m3/s. The calculation results are used to design environmentally sound drainage using infiltration wells. The results of the analysis obtained specifications for the depth of infiltration wells of 1.50 m, a diameter of 0.5 m, the distance between infiltration wells is 50 m. The planned eco-drainage can accommodate 0.2943 m3 and can delay water runoff for 3.5846 minutes before seeping into the ground.

Sacred forests in the Western Highlands Cameroon: What benefits for local population and nature?

The sacred forests of the Western Highlands Cameroon are, like other forests, a reserve of plants and genes, both known and unknown. They are privileged places for communication with ancestors. They provide significant environmental and socio-economic benefits; despite the pressure they are increasingly coming under. The aim of this study is to categorise the different uses of the sacred forests of Bafou, Baleveng and Bamendou, and then to assess the carbon stock of the woody plants in these forests. A survey form was used to record the various benefits derived by local people from the sacred forests. Individuals were counted in 30 m x 100 m plots. All individuals with a diameter ≥5 cm at 1.30 m above ground were considered. Carbon sequestered by forests was estimated using the non-destructive method. The study shows that the traditional laws protecting these forests are increasingly being violated by local people. These forests are cultural properties for the village and provide the local population with a variety of products. The most frequently cited uses are firewood, food products, medicinal plants and sacrifices. A total of 54 species, 47 genera and 29 families have been identified. Of these species, around 40.35% are used in one way or another by local people. The values of carbon sequestered by these forests vary from one forest to another and according to the type of equation chosen. The Bamendou sacred forest recorded the highest value, 443.9 t C /ha and 287.79 t C /ha respectively, using the equations of Djomo et al. (2010) and Fayolle (2013). This work presents the benefits of sacred forests for local populations. Management strategies for these forests should be strengthened by the State to ensure more sustainable conservation of this rich heritage.

Assessment of healthcare buildings in terms of spatial requirements in disaster cases together with healthcare professionals: Adana city hospital emergency department during the Covid-19 pandemic

From the past to the present, various pandemics have affected societies to varying degrees, leading to changes in various fields such as social, cultural, and architectural aspects. In this context, the study examines the specific arrangements for the COVID-19 pandemic in the emergency department of a city hospital, conducted in January 2022. The aim is to develop a methodology for questioning the emergency department based on evidence and experience regarding flexibility, spatial adequacy, space organization, and isolation in extraordinary situations such as pandemics and to provide design input for the future. For this purpose, a questionnaire form and a space evaluation form were created. In order to benefit from field experiences, a survey form was administered to 137 healthcare professionals working in the emergency department who are directly affected by spatial design. The authors, who are architects, evaluated the space of the emergency department by filling out the “space evaluation form.” The findings were evaluated comparatively.The study found that the emergency department's spatial performance was adequate in terms of evaluations related to flexibility, spatial adequacy, and spatial organization but inadequate in terms of evaluations related to isolation. The design elements causing this situation were discussed. The aim is that the findings obtained will be data for hospital managers and designers in the design of future emergency services and the organization of existing emergency services.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Oral Cancer Among Dental Practitioners in the Northeastern Region of India: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey.

This study aimed to review the overall knowledge of oral cancer based on its clinical presentation as well as associated risk factors, attitudes towards oral cancer examination, and practices among dentists in the northeastern region of India. A total of 300 dentists practicing in various parts of the northeastern region participated in this online cross-sectional study. A questionnaire consisting of 26 questions was mailed to the dentists requesting them to fill in the survey form. Based on their responses, knowledge of the risk factors of oral cancer, information on attitudes towards oral cancer examination, and clinical practices were attained. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0 (Released 2013; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Descriptive statistics was used for demographic variables. Unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the mean knowledge scores with demographic variables. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Overall, the knowledge of the risk factors of oral cancer was low among dentists. The majority were not familiar with the proper physical oral examination steps and considered oral medicine specialists to have a vital role. This study revealed areas in which the knowledge, attitudes, and practices were good to below average and identified areas where improvement is required. Gaps in dentists' knowledge of oral cancer could be identified; dentists displayed substandard knowledge of the clinical presentation as well as risk factors of oral potentially malignant disorders.

Results of an Italian multi-Long-Term Care Facilities survey on diagnostic, therapeutic, and infection control topics: state of the art and future perspective

Background and Aims: current trends in the world’s demographic structure indicate increasing requirements for chronic and Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs). As the above settings may act as reservoirs for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), it is essential to acquire information about diagnostic, therapeutic, and infection control practices, aiming to optimize strategies for the near future. Materials and Methods: the annual survey form for assessment of the MDRO management in LTCFs and Residential Homes (RHs) for non-self-sufficient elderly people, promoted by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and adapted by the version of the American National Healthcare Safety Network, was sent to LTCFs healthcare operators by the AMCLI GLISTer Working Group. Topics considered were interactions with clinical microbiology laboratories, infection prevention/control and antibiotic stewardship practices, and electronic medical records data availability. Results and Conclusions: sixteen structures, mostly from 120 to 280 beds, took part in the survey. We registered that i) MDRO colonization screening is usually not adopted in Italian LTCFs for new admissions (14; 87,5%) at present, and ii) microbiological results are usually provided by an external laboratory service. Furthermore, infection control interventions are regularly adopted, and antibiotic prescriptions are registered only in 62,5% and 75% of structures, respectively. About 70% of facilities do not have a strategy for antibiotic use optimization. Planning of 1st/2nd/3rd level MDRO surveillance programs, enhanced training activities, and improved antibiotic consumption control, whether for prophylaxis, empirical, and targeted therapy, appears of paramount importance in the complex reality of LTCFs.

Prevalence and risk factors of depression among patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease.

Psychological distress, especially depression, associated with perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) is widespread and refractory. However, there is a surprising paucity of studies to date that have sought to identify the prevalence and risk factors of depression associated with PFCD. To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and investigate the depression-related risk factors in patients with PFCD. The study was conducted in the form of survey and clinical data collection via questionnaire and specialized medical staff. Depressive symptoms, life quality, and fatigue severity of patients with PFCD were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patient Quality of Life Questionnaire (IBDQ), and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Fatigue Patient Self-assessment Scale. The basic demographic information, overall disease features, perianal clinical information, and laboratory inflammation indicators were also gathered. Multivariate regression analysis was ultimately used to ascertain the risk factors of depression associated with PFCD. A total of 123 patients with PFCD were involved, and 56.91% were suffering from depression. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI) score [odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50 to 0.95], IBDQ score (OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.88 to 0.97), modified Van Assche index (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.53), and IBD Fatigue score (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.23 to 2.42) were independent risk factors of depression-related prevalence among patients with PFCD (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the increasing perianal modified Van Assche index (β value = 0.166, 95%CI: 0.02 to 0.31) and decreasing IBDQ score (β value = -0.116, 95%CI: -0.14 to -0.09) were independently associated with the severity of depression (P < 0.05). Depressive symptoms in PFCD patients have significantly high prevalence. PDAI score, modified Van Assche index, quality of life, and fatigue severity were the main independent risk factors.