Schematic Form Research Articles

Off-shell fields and conserved currents

We study interactions of higher-spin massless fields φ with conserved currents multilinear in the off-shell matter fields ϕ. Specifically, we focus on the 3d case where a slight modification of the σ−-cohomology technique developed earlier is directly applicable to control nontriviality of the interaction vertices at the convention that the vertices removable by a local field redefinition of a higher-spin field or having schematic form F(φ)G(ϕ), where F(φ) is a gauge invariant field strength of a free higher-spin field, are called deformationally trivial. It is demonstrated how the σ−-cohomology approach can be applied to the analysis of nonlinear vertices. Generally, deformationally trivial vertices are not σ−-closed while the deformationally non-trivial ones must be in H(σ−). It is shown that, at least in the 3d case, the relevant cohomology group H1(σ−)=0 and, hence, no deformationally non-trivial off-shell vertices exist. On the other hand, there exists an infinite class of deformationally trivial vertices, that includes the vertex recently proposed for spin three. Our analysis goes beyond the higher-spin vertices allowing to show that, at least in three dimensions, nonlinear combinations of the off-shell scalar fields and their derivatives cannot obey non-trivial equations.

Juslumo semiotika: nuo pojūčio iki intuicijos

Classifying semiotic systems by the sensory channels employed to communicate them is simple, but specious: we thus fail to inquire into that which is actually semiotic about different types of sensory experience. In order to explicate their distinctive semiotic properties, these sensory types – touch, hearing, vision, olfaction, sensomotorics – need to be interrogated as phenomena. This way, each of the semiotic sensible modes shall be characterized by a specific field of presence. Schematic forms of the sensible thus obtained will give rise to a typology of sensible “bodies” – the envelope-body, the cavity-body, the point-body, the flesh-body – as well as to a typology of their “dynamics” (deformation, intimate movements etc.) and, finally, to a typology of semiotic “imprints” which these dynamics give rise to. Next, we should interrogate the possibilities of employing such typologies in concrete analyses.
 Our primary presupposition is that, in most cases, objects of analysis – text, painting, film, choreography etc. – are multisensory, and thus the task of their explanation involves an articulation of several sensible modes. This kind of articulation is decisive for interpretation. The case of artworks is very suggestive in this sense: for example, in a painting, the same “visual” substances of expression can give rise to both a figurative and iconic presentation, grounded in the typical field of visuality, and to a plastic dimension which brings forth other types of field – somatic, affective, symbolic, or mythical.
 This means that the articulation of sensible modes is the object of a second-order schematization – the schematization of a trans-sensible dimension, wherein intuition produces schematic forms that become expressions for contents not directly determined by sensory modes. The trans-sensible dimension activates syntheses of sensible modes; as we have learned from Kant, these syntheses are not of the conceptual order: they are activated in intuition, make use of the imagination, and are always contained in the sensible order which is both sensory and emotional.

Can we compare health states when our standards change?

AbstractAmong health economists, who think that preferences are the correct standard of the value of health states, it is common to assume, at least implicitly, that the correct criterion of this value takes the following schematic form: H1 is a better health state than H2 iff the members of group S prefer (on average) being in H1 to being in H2. Various candidates for members of S have been proposed, including medical experts, the general public, H1-patients, H2-patients, former H1-patients, former H2-patients, or combinations of these groups. I shall argue that criteria of this form run into serious problems, if we consider cases where people’s fundamental preferences change from one health state to another. I shall also show that these problems afflict hybrid views, according to which preferences are only one determinant of the value of health, the objective value of health states being another. Finally, I shall argue that a better subjectivist criterion would be something like this: H1 is a better health state than H2 iff the H1-patients would want to be in H1 more than the H2-patients would want to be in H2. According to this criterion, the value of a health state is determined by the absolute attitudes (favouring, disfavouring, neutrality) people would have towards a health state were they to be in it. Along the way, I will also present and make use of an attitude matrix framework that enables us to represent in a simple way complex information about attitudes. With this framework at hand, we can easily see the advantages and disadvantages of different subjectivist accounts of the value of health.

Toward null-state equations in d > 2

In two-dimensional CFTs with a large central charge, the level-two BPZ equation governs the heavy-light scalar four-point correlator when the light probe scalar has dimension h = −12\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ -\\frac{1}{2} $$\\end{document} ; the corresponding linear ordinary differential equation can be recast into a schematic form x2uxx + u = 0. In this paper, we make an observation that in a class of four-dimensional CFTs with a large central charge, the heavy-light scalar correlator in the near-lightcone limit obeys a similar equation, x3uxxxy + u = 0, when the light scalar has dimension ∆ = –1. We focus on the multi-stress tensor sector of the theory and also discuss the corresponding equations for the cases with ∆ = –2, –3. The solutions to these linear partial differential equations in higher dimensions are shown, after a suitable change of variables, to reproduce the near-lightcone correlators previously obtained via holography and the conformal bootstrap.

Circular Economy in Wastewater Treatment Plants—Potential Opportunities for Biogenic Elements Recovery

Technologies used in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) allow the recovery of energy and valuable elements (phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic carbon) for the soil. This article presents, in schematic form, the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling in a WWTP with a load of 70,000 Population Equivalent and develops a spreadsheet to estimate their recovery. Biogas generation enables the recovery of 1126 Mg of organic carbon per year and the generation of 12.6 GWh of energy. The most rational form of organic waste recycling is the production of compost with fertilizing parameters, but efforts should be made to reduce iron compounds in its composition. It has been estimated that compost production provides the recovery of 30% of carbon, 98% of phosphorus, and 18% of nitrogen from the streams of these elements entering the WWTP. The possibility of partially replacing the iron coagulants used to precipitate phosphorus with waste magnesium salt is presented, leading to the precipitation of struvite, which is well absorbed by plants. The article presents the advantages of combining sewage treatment with organic waste management in WWTPs. The developed spreadsheet allows for the control of energy recovery through the quantitative selection of organic waste for fermentation.

The Analysis of Linguistics Features of Ecovacs Vacuum Robot Deebot Ozmo 920 Manual Book: A Procedure Text

Manual book is a guidebook made to convey information related to the product purchased by consumers. This information is usually detailed regarding warranty information, safety instructions, installation instructions, problem identification, setup instructions, general specifications about the product and maintenance and troubleshooting instructions. The objective of this qualitative research was to analyze schematic structure in a procedure text of Ecovacs Vacuum Robot Deebot Ozmo 920 manual book, especially in Important safety instruction text. There are 44 utterances in text of Important Safety Instruction that are picked up randomly as some samples of analysis. Before they are analyzed, the utterances were grouped with the same linguistics categories, those are simple present tense, imperative sentence, declarative sentence, conjunction, and material process. In material process, there are two categories to discuss, they are passive voice and active voice. Then using schematic structure form, the data were analyzed one by one. The findings of this study show that the language used in Important safety instruction text in manual book is concise, as evidenced by the low percentage of conjunctions (4%). Another is the language used in the text of the Important safety instruction text is effective and direct, as shown by the high percentages of declarative (20%) and imperative sentences (27%), this reduces the possibility of misunderstandings or misinterpretations moreover, the pattern makes the information being conveyed directly easy to understand. Moreover, the study only discusses linguistic features to explain how to describe the use of language in a straightforward procedural tex

Experimental phase diagram for the PVDF – DMAc– water ternary system with new topology: Method of construction, thermodynamics, and structure formation of membranes

Ternary mixtures of a semicrystalline (SC) polymer with a solvent and a nonsolvent are widely used primarily for preparation of membranes by nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS). A detailed analysis of the published studies devoted to phase equilibrium in such systems showed that the phase diagrams were either incomplete or presented in a schematic form. In the present paper, we propose a new method of plotting the ternary phase diagrams for the SC polymer – solvent – nonsolvent mixtures. This method is based on finding the location of the isotherm intersection with the curves on the temperature–composition pseudobinary phase diagrams for the SC polymer mixtures with solvent and binary mixtures of solvent and nonsolvent of different composition. The coordinates of the intersection points were used to plot for the first time the complete ternary phase diagram for the widely used mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) and water. The curves on the phase diagram separate the regions of homogeneous mixtures, coexistence of two liquids, macroscopically uniform gels (swollen SC polymer) and coexistence of such gels with liquid. Using the plotted phase diagram, a new understanding of the NIPS mechanism was proposed and confirmed by direct microscopic observation of the NIPS process and SEM analysis of the membranes obtained following this way. An unexpected result of the study is discovery of the crystalline complexes in the mixtures of PVDF and DMAc, which was confirmed using both DSC and XRD techniques.

The Organization of Training Process of Young Gymnasts in Preparatory Groups

Key words: educational, content, structure, readiness, phasing, introductory, professional, athletic, mastery, quantity, “Right Posture” The training process of young gymnasts is a complex of year-round and long-term training activities. It includes the content and structure of the training process, training planning, preparations. The main purpose of the work is to highlight and analyze the educational process of young gymnasts as the completories of the interconnected complex. The main content of the educational process in the preparatory groups forms general, special physical and motor preparedness (SPP), which follows from the main problems of the students included in the preparatory groups. Thе experiments show that the physical exercises in the initial training groups must engage 40-50 % of each workout. The schedules of preparatory groups’ workout are presented in a schematic form. The explementary structures of workouts for preparatory 6- and 8-hour groups are presented. Thus, before planning the training process of young gymnasts, it is necessary to determine the goals of training and, in accordance with them, to study and improve the program material of gymnastic exercises. Young gymnasts need more time to get in shape, they have fewer competitions, and their competitions are more of an educational nature. Based on the analysis of literary sources and experience of advanced trainers-pedagogues, we suggest implementing 6 hours per week in the preparatory first year groups in sports schools, which is based on the motor needs and interests of 5 and 6 year-old boys and girls. The organization of regular training will provide an opportunity to develop motor skills effectively. Besides, it will form “Correct Posture” and enable a smooth transition to the next academic year. All of the mentioned must be implemented by the interrelated complex processes.

Perceptions of Head Teachers about Whole School Development Plan in the Province of Punjab

The present study aimed to check the perception of head teachers about the whole school development plan in the province of Punjab. The research design was qualitative in nature and the main objectives of the study were; to know the perceptions of head teachers of the whole school development plan, to find out the role of head teachers in implementing of whole school development plan, to identify the factors affecting the implementation of whole school development plan and to find out the impact of school development plan on quality education. The population of the study was all the head teachers of high and higher secondary schools in Punjab. The sample was randomly selected and consisted of ten (10) head teachers. An interview schedule was developed by the researchers following the three sections i.e. planning process, implementation and evaluation. Data were collected by the researchers through face-to-face interviews with the head teachers. Data were analyzed by interpreting the results in schematic form. The main finding of the study was that the Whole School Development Plan (WSDP) was designed for 2-3 years on the basis of the need assessment of the school and by setting priorities in order to achieve the set targets. The WSDP was implemented under the leadership of the head teacher with community engagement and proved to be a very effective activity in order to meet the quality of education.

Chitosan based composite scaffolds in skin wound repair: A review

Chitosan (CS) is one of the abundant natural polymers which is suitable for wound healing due to its biodegradable, biocompatible, bioadhesive and antimicrobial behaviour. Present review reveals the critical analysis regarding the eligibility and advantages of nanostructured chitosan-based composites towards wound healing. The mechanisms of different healing processes with their special features are established. Wound healing properties exhibited by modified chitosan are discussed in details. Benefits of functionalizing chitosan and their combination with nano-dimensional fillers for wound healing are summarized in tabular and schematic form. Besides this, the wound healing efficacies of Schiff's base modified chitosan and bioactive molecules loaded chitosan are extensively discussed in this review. With connection to the latest technologies for wound healing, the use of chitosan as a bio-ink in 3D printing of wound dressing material is analysed. This review may explore a comprehensive idea regarding the chitosan-based nanocomposites for designing of various wound dressing materials.

A holographic inequality for N = 7 regions

In holographic duality, boundary states that have semiclassical bulk duals must obey inequalities, which bound their subsystems’ von Neumann entropies. Hitherto known inequalities constrain entropies of reduced states on up to N = 5 disjoint subsystems. Here we report one new such inequality, which involves N = 7 disjoint regions. Our work supports a recent conjecture on the structure of holographic inequalities, which predicted the existence and schematic form of the new inequality. We explain the logic and educated guesses by which we arrived at the inequality, and comment on the feasibility of employing similar tactics in a more exhaustive search.

Supraclavicular Approach to the Brachial Plexus.

This anatomical review was prepared using intraoperative surgical imaging. In addition, illustrations are used to display the images in schematic form. We present a stepwise surgical approach to the supraclavicular dissection of the brachial plexus. We highlight the differences between pre- and postganglionic nerve root injuries, and also relevant anatomical variants of the brachial plexus. Eleven steps are recommended to facilitate the supraclavicular approach to the brachial plexus. The supraclavicular dissection of the brachial plexus is reliable with consistent landmarks and can be carried out in a stepwise fashion.

ОБОБЩЕННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ЗАЩИТЫ ОТ КИБЕРАТАК НА VOIP

The goal of the study creation of a protection model against cyberattacks on information and telecommunication resources used in practice Internet voice exchange services (VoIP). Research methods: analysis of Best Practices and scientific publications, system analysis, criterion comparison. Result: systematization of the cyberattacks main methods on VoIP and methods of protection against them, based on existing Best Practices and scientific publications. The investigation methodological scheme presented in a schematic form, is described. As a result, a list of 8 specialized and 9 main methods of cyberattacks, as well as 4 specialized and 10 main methods of protection was obtained, which made it possible to create a protection generalized model against cyberattacks on VoIP. The model representation in tabular form consists of 17 rows and 14 columns, which corresponds to the number of all cyberattack methods and protection methods. The cells of the table contain expertly obtained values of the effectiveness of counteracting cyberattacks by each of the protection methods according to a 3-point system. The model is extended with additional integral indicators of the danger of cyberattacks and the effectiveness of protection obtained analytically. 3 cyberattacks least amenable to protection and 3 most effective protection methods were identified. The scientific novelty consists in bringing together the whole set of cyberattacks methods on VoIP and protection against them methods into a single system that characterizes the effectiveness of countering.

A “diary of events” to support the management actions on two beach-nesting birds of conservation concern: Historicization of experiences, learned lessons, and SWOT analysis

Abstract During the project management actions, a chain of fine-grained events occur, both of bio-ecological and anthropic origin. While some may be expected or planned, others may be unforeseen. This work proposes the drafting of a ‘diary of events’ reporting bio-ecological and anthropogenic events, these last having both negative and positive impacts. This diary can be carried out using a schematic form, aiming to highlight the cause-effect relationships between events, the management responses, and the lessons learned. Analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (i.e., the internal and external conditioning factors) linked to these events (SWOT analysis) to make a case of study from the real world, we applied this approach to a project aimed at protecting nests of two species of conservation interest (Charadrius alexandrinus and C. dubius) in a protected coastal area of central Italy.

ACT-Toxin, the Key Effector for the Virulence of Alternaria alternata Tangerine Pathotype to Specific Citrus Species

Alternaria brown spot disease is caused by the Alternaria alternata tangerine pathotype, which relies on ACT-toxin for infection. At present, all identified ACT-toxin biosynthesis-related genes are multi-copy genes. In this study, we summarized the advances in important host-specific toxins (HSTs), and listed key genes required for the pathogenicity of the A. alternata tangerine pathotype. Toxin virulence test results revealed that different citrus species displayed distinctly different tolerances to ACT-toxin. The extraction method of ACT-toxin crude extract was described in schematic form to make the method easier to understand. In addition, target gene disruption of two copies of ACTT5 (∆∆ACTT5) displayed significantly reduced virulence, indicating that ACTT5 is essential for the pathogenicity of the A. alternata tangerine pathotype.

Les compétences professionnelles des futurs enseignants de langue : le cas des étudiants slovènes

Since the introduction of the Bologna process in higher education, future Slovenian teachers of French as a foreign language have been trained at the master's level after completing language, literature, and civilization courses at the bachelor's level. The pedagogical program consists mainly of psychological and pedagogical subjects, and there is little room for language classes. The situation is apparently similar in other countries, for example, in Romania: "As the study program is too full, there is little room left to our students for individual research, for reflection on grammar problems" (Manolache, 2013: 58). The French language will, however, constitute the discipline of the future teachers that we train and "mastering the discipline and having a good general culture" (Rey, 2012: 86) is one of the professional skills cited in the official programs. Every language teacher should first be a good philologist. We wonder if, for future teachers, three years of BA studies are enough to learn the language to be able to transmit it afterward to their future learners. The students - future teachers - find themselves in a transitional stage between learners and teachers. They are looking for professional autonomy, which is difficult, especially if they have doubts about their language proficiency. In this article, we propose to present the training of French as a foreign language in Slovenia and to expose points that seem problematic, among others, the language skills of future teachers. After analyzing the students' lesson planning prepared for the final course in high school, which also serves as an exam, we find that, even though these documents are written in schematic form, they are not without errors, sometimes quite basic. One of the solutions would be to introduce more language courses at the bachelor's level and especially at the master's level. This is also what the students propose in their evaluations.

Weight gain during the menopause transition: Evidence for a mechanism dependent on protein leverage.

Weight gain during the menopause transition: Evidence for a mechanism dependent on protein leverage.

Was Kant a Methodological Interpretationist?

This paper examines Kant’s interpretive role of categories (Verstandesbegriffe) on the basis of his assertion in the Prolegomena § 30, where Kant claims that the role of categories is to spell out appearances in order to read them as experience. Kant’s metaphor of “spelling” or even “reading” is just a colloquial expression for the complexities of interpreting reality. The explanatory models that result from the relationship of the categories to the world of experience are conditions of our understanding and cognition of reality. I think we cannot simply hypostatize structures within a reality per se, but we should more sophisticatedly speak only of the hypothetical basic constitution of reality. Indeed, reality as such can only be conceived interpretatively, and the particular epistemological model itself can only be articulated from a higher meta-level of interpretation. We could also say that Kant is concerned with interpretations in the sense of applying given schematic forms or schemata in our use of language, i.e., that he is concerned with scheme-interpretation or schema-impregnation, insofar as the activity of the understanding consists essentially in interpreting experience by means of given schemata. In this paper, Kant’s theory of experience interpretation is supplemented by a more sophisticated distinction of different levels of interpretation and presented in the form of diagrams.

State media management – nature of subject and main approaches to it's definition

The publication analyzes approaches to understanding media management in world science. In particular, the differences in the interpretation of media management by English-speaking science (management of a media enterprise from the business perspective in a competitive environment) and within the framework of the scientific discourse of the CIS countries (microeconomics – the level of the enterprise, macroeconomics – the state level) are clearly demonstrated. In this regard, the use of the term “state media management” is justified, author offers it’s definition. Also, in a schematic form, the main milestones of the periodization of media management research in the far abroad, in the USSR and post-Soviet countries are summarized. The article reveals the main circle of problems that are in the field of attention of researchers of the state media management sphere; it shows examples of the main challenges and risks arising from the ever-accelerating development of information and communication technologies. The possibilities and tools of the state in terms of supporting the media sphere are considered: e.g., benefits and loans for media enterprises, subsidies for auxiliary companies serving the media sphere (for example, for postal and forwarding companies), financing of socially significant media, improving compliance with intellectual property rights, etc. Prospects for further research are outlined, and the connection between state media management and education is shown, both at the level of the state order for the training of media managers, and in connection with the approval of core competencies, the presence of which is important for this profession. Key words: media management, state media management, media sphere management, information technologies, mass media, mass media.

Stratigraphy of Tumulus 6 in Shtoj and the appearance of the violin idols in burial complexes of the south Adriatic region

The paper presents the violin-shaped idols from Shtoj, Rakića Kuće and Apollonia that date to the beginning of the Bronze Age in the area of the southern Adria. A relationship is indicated between the appearance of these idols and the abstract-schematic forms of the Early Cycladic period. Further, the question of contacts between the study area and the Pit-grave culture of the steppe region, with its local derivatives in the eastern Balkans, is discussed. To this end, the emergence of the pit graves under tumuli in the area of the Adria, in which the idols were discovered, is also considered. The links with the Aegean and the eastern Balkans, including several reliable radiocarbon dates that fit within the local framework, offer for the first time the possibility of placing the beginning of the Adriatic Bronze Age in the context of cultural advancements of the first centuries of the 3rd millennium BC. At the same time, it represents the first age determination for this period based on definite indicators of the absolute chronology. The emergence of tumuli and violin idols, as well as rich “princely” graves is an explicit reflection of the important cultural innovations that mark the final break with the former Neolithic traditions. That makes the southern Adriatic, above all the coastal areas of present-day Montenegro and northern Albania, the initial centre of the development of the Adriatic Bronze Age.