Form Of Payment Research Articles

The Rich Get Richer: The Matthew Effect in Open Payments

IntroductionThe Matthew Effect refers to a pattern of accumulated advantage, specifically how social status can lead to increased wealth and recognition. The Physician Payments Sunshine Act of the Affordable Care Act requires industry payments and the affiliated hospital to be publicly available through the Open Payments Database (OPD). The US News and World Report (USNWR) publishes a ranking of best medical school (research) programs yearly. The Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research (BRIMR) ranks medical schools annually by the amount of funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Whether medical school–affiliated hospitals with higher social ranking and more NIH funding receive more industrial support is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between open payment of medical school–affiliated hospitals and USNWR and BRIMR ranking. MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of the OPD for the fiscal year of 2021. Hospital industry payment information was collected for affiliated hospitals in general and research categories. NIH funding data and program rankings were collected from BRIMR and USNWR, respectively. All data were collected for the fiscal year of 2021. The open payments of schools ranked in the top 50 for USNWR (n = 50) and BRIMR (n = 49) were compared to the schools not ranked in the top 50 using SPSS with chi-squared and Mann–Whitney U tests. A multivariate linear regression was performed to evaluate the association between open payments, USNWR ranking, and BRIMR ranking. ResultsA total of 91 medical schools were included in this study. The top 50 ranked medical schools by BRIMR were found to have a higher median of total open payment ($5,652,628 versus $2,558,372, P < 0.001), open payment in research ($4,707,297 versus $1,992,597, P = 0.003), and general open payment ($1,083,018 versus $392,045, P < 0.001). When ranked by USNWR, the top 50 ranked medical schools were found similarly to have a higher median of total open payment (P < 0.001), open payment in research (P < 0.001), and general open payment (P < 0.001). USNWR ranking was an independent predictor of more total open payment (Coefficient 0.016, 95% confidence interval 0.002-0.029, P = 0.026) and research open payment (coefficient 0.018, 95% confidence interval 0.002-0.034, P = 0.028). USNWR ranking was not found to predict general open payments. BRIMR ranking was not associated with open payment in total, research, or general. ConclusionsHospital open payments were associated with the social reputation of their medical schools. NIH funding was not associated with open payments. A Matthew effect exists in current industry payments to medical school–affiliated hospitals.

Analysis of Indexes of the Russian Bank Cards Market by Various Criteria

Purpose of the study. The article presents the results of a study and analysis of the performance indexes of the Russian bank cards market on various grounds, because bank cards contribute to increasing the availability of financial services. Having a bank card allows you to carry out financial transactions anytime and anywhere and makes these transactions more convenient and transparent. The use of bank cards as a non-cash form of payment is not only convenient and practical, but also contributes to improving the economic situation in the country, expanding the availability of financial services and improving financial literacy.Materials and methods. As research tools, such methods were used as: analysis of the structure and dynamics of the main indexes, correlation and regression analysis, analysis of time series and forecasting, graphical and tabular methods for presenting research results.Results. The analysis carried out in relation to the issue of bank cards in Russia made it possible to establish the impact on the number of payment cards of two factors: the number of credit institutions and the average per capita income of the population (per month). The results obtained showed that an increase in the number of credit institutions leads to a reduction in the number of issued payment cards. In turn, with an increase in the average per capita monetary income of the population (per month), the number of payment cards increases. This suggests that a high level of income and good conditions for obtaining credit funds are an incentive to use payment cards. Bank cards are an integral part of the financial services market. The development of the bank card market has an impact on stimulating the country’s economic growth and improving the quality of life of the population. In modern conditions, banks are actively introducing electronic technologies and improving the use of bank cards by customers. The creation of convenient services and the introduction of new technologies make it possible to expand the possibilities of using bank cards for their holders.

Ключевые особенности цифрового рубля Банка России

The scientific article is devoted to an overview of the features of a new form of payment in the form of a digital ruble of the Bank of Russia through the prism of the classical properties and functions of money. The main similarities and differences with the existing forms of payment and types of money are characterized, a critical analysis of the key advantages, as well as the risks of introducing a new form of payment into the national economy, is given

A Novel Robust Geolocation-Based Multi-Factor Authentication Method for Securing ATM Payment Transactions

Credit/debit cards are a ubiquitous form of payment at present. They offer a number of advantages over cash, including convenience, security, and fraud protection. In contrast, the inherent vulnerabilities of credit/debit cards and transaction methods have led many payment institutions to focus on strengthening the security of these electronic payment methods. Also, the increasing number of electronic payment transactions around the world have led to a corresponding increase in the amount of money lost due to fraud and cybercrime. This loss of money has a significant impact on businesses and consumers, and it necessitates the development of rigid and robust security designs for securing underlying electronic transaction methods. In this regard, this research introduces a novel geolocation-based multi-factor authentication method for improving the security of electronic payment transactions, especially ATM transactions. The proposed method leverages geolocation to verify the user’s identity and prevent fraudulent transactions. In addition, this research also proposes a novel design approach for further controlling the ownership of transactions in a convenient way (e.g., allowing users to deactivate/reactivate authentication at any time, block the card in case it is stolen or lost, and set up a withdrawal limit). Overall, this approach does not require any major modifications to the existing banking infrastructure, which would be an ideal solution for securing ATM transactions around the world.

Using payment for ecosystem services to meet national reforestation commitments: impacts of 20+ years of forestry incentives in Guatemala

International environmental initiatives, such as the Bonn Challenge and the UN Decade on Restoration, have prompted countries to put the management and restoration of forest landscapes at the center of their land use and climate policies. To support these goals, many governments are promoting forest landscape restoration and management through financial forestry incentives, a form of payment for ecosystem services. Since 1996, Guatemala has implemented a series of forestry incentives that promote active forest landscape restoration and management on private and communal lands. These programs have been widely hailed as a success with nearly 600 000 ha enrolled since 1998. However, there has been no systematic assessment of the effectiveness of these programs on preserving and restoring Guatemalan forests. This study evaluates the impacts of over 16 000 individual PES projects funded through two incentive programs using a synthetic control counterfactual. Overall, a program for smallholders resulted in lower rates of forest loss, while a program for industrial timber owners led to greater gains in forest cover. Across policies, we found dramatically higher forest cover increases from restoration projects (15% forest cover increase) compared to plantation and agroforestry projects (3%–6% increase in forest cover). Projects that protected natural forest also showed a 6% reduction in forest loss. We found forest cover increases to be under 10% of total enrolled area, although positive local spillovers suggest this is an underestimate. Restoration projects show the most promise at promoting forest landscape restoration, but these benefits need to be weighed against priorities like resilience and rural development, which may be better served by other projects.

Методический подход к обоснованию ставки роялти в проектах нефтегазовых компаний

Intellectual property (IP) is the result of the creative work of inventors. The implementation of intellectual property and non-property rights is regulated by Russian law. One of the important components of intellectual property (IP) management is its commercialization. It is possible to assess the value of IP through an objective analysis of projects and their parameters, including financial components. Commercialization of IP is carried out through the mechanisms of alienation and disposal by companies of their intellectual assets in order to obtain commercial benefits. One of the ways to dispose of rights is to conclude license agreements on granting the right to use protected intellectual property. The validity of a license agreement depends on the presence in the compensated license agreement of a condition on the amount and procedure for paying remuneration. Payment of remuneration may be provided in the form of one-time payments (lump payment), periodic interest deductions (royalties) or in another form. Payments in the form of royalties are most in the interests of the right holder. The calculation of the royalty rate is methodologically not regulated at the legislative level and is the most controversial issue when concluding license agreements. The development of methodological approaches to determining the royalty rate makes it possible to increase the justification of the costs of project implementation. The article describes the existing methodological approaches to the calculation of a fair royalty rate, analytical tools for determining standard royalty rates, and the values of recommended royalty rates in the oil and gas industry.

Zaštita konkurencije na tržištu digitalnih usluga

The article analyzes the rules contained in the EU Regulation 2022/1925, which seek to provide business users and end users with core platform services and ensure appropriate regulatory safeguards against unfair practices of service providers, who have the status of gatekeepers. When core services are provided by gatekeepers, as persons who exercise significant market influence, the risk of distortion of market competition increases significantly. That is why the Regulation defines a series of measures with the aim of achieving, first of all, ex ante effects on the possibility of unlimited market competition and fairness in the digital sector. With the aim of preventive protection of the digital service marketplace, the Regulation prescribes what the providers of core platform services must not do, or what they are obliged to do and the powers of the Commission in terms of market research. After the conducted research, the Commission can issue an implementing act ordering gatekeeper to stop non-compliant behavior within a reasonable period of time, as well as impose sanctions in the form of fines and periodic penalty payments.

The Influence of Motivation, Knowledge, and Ability to Pay on Compliance in Paying Premiums for Self-Participants in the National Health Insurance Program in West Lombok Regency

Compliance among participants in the self-funded health insurance scheme to pay premiums is crucial to facilitate access to healthcare services. Lack of knowledge, motivation, and the ability to pay are factors contributing to payment arrears. The aim of this research is to identify the factors influencing the compliance of self-funded health insurance participants in paying premiums in West Lombok Regency in 2022. This study is a quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. The population in this study consisted of 50,630 individuals. The research sample included 397 people selected using the Multistage cluster random sampling technique. Data analysis involved univariate and bivariate analysis, with chi-square and logistic regression tests. The research results indicate a correlation between the level of knowledge (0.03), motivation (0.000), and the ability to pay (0.000) with the compliance of self-funded health insurance participants in paying premiums. Meanwhile, the most dominant influencing factor is motivation (p=0.000; OR=32.410). Social Security Administering Agency - Health (BPJS - Kesehatan) is expected to enhance information and socialization efforts among participants regarding the national health insurance program so that the public is motivated to be more compliant in premium payments, and to provide flexible payment options for participants with irregular incomes in the form of installment payments.

Наш «неправильный» правящий класс: чего от него ждать?

The article presents an analysis of the double problem that arises in the study of the contemporary Russian ruling class: one aspect of this problem is related to an adequate theoretical description of this class, and the other aspect concerns its self-positioning. The author considers the main paradigms of theoretical understanding of the nature of this class — as bourgeoisie, as bureaucracy, and as nomenklatura. The article demonstrates that, regardless of the adequacy of the description of Russia’s ruling class within the paradigms of bourgeoisie and bureaucracy, in the current situation the class prefers to position itself as the heir to the Soviet nomenklatura. Such a positioning endows the Russian ruling class with a much greater historical subjectivity than it could claim if it positioned itself as bourgeoisie or bureaucracy. The catch, however, is that in reality the Soviet nomenklatura possessed a very limited historical subjectivity and needed an external “editor” (regulator). The modern Russian ruling class has inherited this trait, which caused a number of difficulties that it experienced in the ideological and axiological spheres. Therefore, one should not expect global world-building projects from this class. The maximum that it can offer to other citizens is to increase their share of rent in the form of social payments, a Far Eastern hectare, and salaries to members of the special military operation. Taking populist steps, manifested in the refusal to show off their success, could become another component of the strategy of rapprochement with ordinary citizens. An “ideology” that is being formed around such a strategy will become a design of a new social contract. Today one can only guess what such contract will be about.

Online Shopping Website

In the era of digital technology, consumers all over the world are increasingly embracing online shopping. This online store is an example of a platform that provides users with a convenient and easy way to browse and buy a selection of things. Users can easily search for products, add them to their basket, and check out securely with a variety of payment choices thanks to the website's easy-to-use layout. Customers can simply identify what they're looking for, place an order, and have it delivered directly to their door thanks to the website's hassle-free shopping experienceThe website offers a wide range of goods, including electronics, apparel, home appliances, toys, cosmetics, and more. Customers can use keywords or particular categories to find products fast utilising the website's search engine. Customers can easily find the things they need on the website because to its clear, visually appealing, and user-friendly style. The quick and simple checkout process on the website enables users to finish their purchases in just a few clicks. Clients have access to a variety of safe payment methods, including bank transfers, e-wallets, credit cards, and debit cards. The website uses encryption technology to safeguard sensitive data, further ensuring the security of consumer information. Customers can create an account on the website, keep their shipping and payment information, examine their order history, and monitor their shipments using the customizable account system. Overall, this online store offers clients a safe, dependable, and easy-to-use platform for online shopping. The website has been a popular option for customers searching for a hassle-free shopping experience because to its wide selection of products, aggressive pricing, and dependable shipping.

Online Shopping Website

In the era of digital technology, consumers all over the world are increasingly embracing online shopping. This online store is an example of a platform that provides users with a convenient and easy way to browse and buy a selection of things. Users can easily search for products, add them to their basket, and check out securely with a variety of payment choices thanks to the website's easy-to-use layout. Customers can simply identify what they're looking for, place an order, and have it delivered directly to their door thanks to the website's hassle-free shopping experienceThe website offers a wide range of goods, including electronics, apparel, home appliances, toys, cosmetics, and more. Customers can use keywords or particular categories to find products fast utilising the website's search engine. Customers can easily find the things they need on the website because to its clear, visually appealing, and user-friendly style. The quick and simple checkout process on the website enables users to finish their purchases in just a few clicks. Clients have access to a variety of safe payment methods, including bank transfers, e-wallets, credit cards, and debit cards. The website uses encryption technology to safeguard sensitive data, further ensuring the security of consumer information. Customers can create an account on the website, keep their shipping and payment information, examine their order history, and monitor their shipments using the customizable account system.

Financial Aspects of The Company’s Pricing Policy on Foreign Markets

The aim of the article is to indicate the role of financial factors (forms of payment) in the pricing policy of a company that enters international export aid markets. The forms of payment used in exports, which should secure payment for exported products, have been presented. This is important because the proceeds from sales determine the implementation of the marketing strategy and survival on foreign markets. Factoring and forfaiting are particularly convenient for the exporting company, apart from letters of credit and collection.

Customers Views on Covid-19's Food Delivery Applications' Quality Assessment

Online users can use a website or an online application to order food for delivery or takeout from a nearby restaurant. Itresembles online consumer product purchases in certain aspects. Cash, debit cards, or credit cards are accepted as forms ofpayment, and a portion of the money is given to the online food company. The study focuses on companies that offer fooddistribution services and carry out service activities including food delivery to clients and food sales as items. BecauseGeneration Z is predominately made up of self-employed people who lack the time to cook a meal, food delivery services areimportant in their lives.The study's importance lies in understanding the positive and bad effects that the COVID scenario and lockdown have had onthem. The study aids in understanding the numerous marketing initiatives launched by the major online meal deliveryservices in an effort to boost sales and foster client loyalty. This study also focuses on the different safety precautions thatonline food delivery services take to guarantee the security of their delivery personnel, the restaurants they work with, thecustomers, and the quality of the food, as well as the viability of such services both during Covid and generally.

Features of property liability for environmental offenses

One of the main factors of sustainable development is the preservation of the environment and natural resources, which is impossible without a well-functioning system for preventing environmental offenses and eliminating their consequences. In this system, a special place belongs to the institution of responsibility. The work is devoted to the analysis of the features of property liability for environmental offenses, the establishment of its relationship with civil liability. As features of the responsibility under consideration, its “overcompensation nature” is highlighted, as well as the possibility of bringing the offender to “double” responsibility in the form of payment of monetary compensation and compensation for harm in kind. These features are explained by the nature of the benefits encroached upon by an environmental offense, as well as the need to overcome the costs of law enforcement associated with the problems of determining the amount of harm caused to the environment.The analysis allows us to conclude that property liability for environmental offenses, which has a number of specific features, nevertheless corresponds to the nature and features of civil liability, which allows us to apply to it the principles and mechanisms developed by civil law.

SCAN-BARCODE TRANSACTION GROWTH OF FNB MSMES IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA (GROWTH OF MSME FNB SCAN-BARCODE TRANSACTIONS IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA)

The advancement of the technology industry is forcing MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) particularly in the FnB (Food and Beverages) MSME sector to become more familiar with digital financial transaction activities. The need for a payment mechanism that is fast and safe has given rise to new ideas for digital financial transaction services in the form of payment via e-wallet or scan-barcode (QR Code). QR code inside this study refers to the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) which has been implemented by Bank Indonesia since January 1, 2020 as a means of payment tool for digital transactions nationally and an official QR Code set by the Central Bank of Malaysia. The largest digital payment application that is widely used by Micro, Small and Medium businesses in Indonesia, namely GoPay, Ovo, GPN, Dana, and Shopeepay, while in Malaysia, namely Grabpay, Alipay and Wechatpay. Along with increasing access to technology in digital payments, a new service was developed in the form of a digital wallet as a successor electronic money. This study aims to examine the effect of digital payment instruments on the total daily income transactions of MSMEs, as well as their role in supporting efficient operations and credit scoring. The research method employs a qualitative approach for MSMEs in Indonesia and Malaysia. Additionally, a quantitative approach will be employed, surveying respondents using questionnaires with a Likert scale specifically designed for QR code users. This hypothesis analysis will prove that the transaction growth variable digital payments together have a positive and significant effect on value MSME income contribution. Therefore, this research will find that interest high MSMEs by providing QR Code digital payment options have an impact on increasing efficiency in managing business and making customers feel satisfied.

Sistem Informasi Pembayaran Biaya Operasional Sekolah Berbasis Aplikasi

The payment information system is a data processing system that will produce reports every period, which is once a month. The report will then be submitted to the leadership to find out the smoothness of payments for one month. The payment system functions to manage all payment data that is always changing through payment transactions.

Budget-feasible mechanisms for proportionally selecting agents from groups

In many social domains involving collective decision-making (e.g., committee selection and survey sampling), it is often desirable to select individuals from different population groups to achieve proportional representation (e.g., to represent the opinions of each group). For instance, in the selection of a committee (e.g., to form a working group within a company), the planner would like to select agents from different groups to represent their respective groups proportionally. Typically, there are intrinsic private costs for agents to represent their groups, and the planner would like to compensate the selected agents via some form of payments, which is constrained by the planner's available budget. As the costs are unknown to the planner, the planner is required to design incentive mechanisms to elicit agents' real costs and provide payments (or monetary incentives) to the selected agents to ensure proportional representation and the total payments do not exceed the budget. Such a mechanism design setting falls into the budget-feasible mechanism design paradigm. However, existing budget-feasible mechanisms only consider all agents to be in the same group with non-proportional objectives. To study the above-mentioned setting, we consider the problem of designing budget-feasible mechanisms for selecting agents with private costs from various groups to ensure proportional representation, where the minimum proportion of the overall value of the selected agents from each group is maximized. We study this problem by first considering the setting with homogeneous agents who have identical values to the planner. Depending on agents' membership in the groups, we consider two models: a single group model where each agent belongs to only one group, and a multiple group model where each agent may belong to multiple groups. We propose novel budget-feasible proportion-representative mechanisms for these models that require different selection methods, i.e., a novel greedy mechanism that considers all possible proportion ratios for the single group model and a novel mechanism that leverages the Max-Flow algorithm to evaluate the proportional representation for the multiple group model, to choose representative agents from each group. The proposed mechanisms guarantee theoretical properties of individual rationality, budget-feasibility, truthfulness, and approximation performance on maximizing the minimum proportional representation of each group. We also provide a matching lower bound for budget-feasible proportion-representative mechanisms. Finally, we non-trivially extend these mechanisms to the settings of heterogeneous agents who can have different values to the planner under the two models.

Evaluation of the Electronic Port Right of Way Payment Information System

Abstract In a connected and uncertain world, where almost two thirds of the world’s population are now online, the integration of digital tools in the social and economic context is becoming a priority and an imposed choice for any organization. As a result, the strategic position of the Information System (IS) in these organizations is necessarily linked to performance. The creation of added value or net benefits through the use of these platforms becomes an ultimate and strategic objective for any organization. This study evaluates the success of the information system (IS) for electronic payment of port fees. From a quantitative approach of a hypothetico-deductive nature and using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), we found that the success of the IS implies a quality of the electronic payment system, as well as the information produced influences the use and satisfaction of the users and finally these last two findings impact the individual and organizational performance of the organizations. (Net benefits).

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pencatatan dan Pemberitahuan Pembayaran Sumbangan Pembinaan Pendidikan (SPP) pada SMP Swasta Muhammadiyah Plus Bengkalis

The information system for paying educational contribution at SMPS Muhammadiyah Plus Bengkalis still uses a manual system. This design aims to develop the technology used today, such as designing an information system for recording and notification of paying educational contribution at SMPS Muhammadiyah Plus Bengkalis. Payment for Education Development Contributions (SPP) still often experiences problems such as data collection and processing of payment information which is still done manually through ledgers so that it takes a lot of time and effort in searching student data. In designing this information system using the SDLC method which functions to develop and design high quality software. This information system uses the Java programming language.

Assessing the Customer Behaviour in Relation to Electronic Payment Systems (EPS) in Some Ghanaian Banks in the Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly- Kumasi, Ghana

Although other payment methods are available, like card, cheque, mobile, and online payments, most Ghanaians still use the cash payment system. The study examined how Ghanaian customers felt about using electronic payments. These included determining thesector andctors that influence consumer adoption and use of electronic payment services in Ghanaian banks, examining customer satisfaction with e-payment in the banking sector, and preventing fraud. A sample size of 100 participants was chosen for the study using purposive sampling to select participants from the banks and systematic sampling to select participants from the customers. According to the research’s findings, factors such as usability, security, privacy, the caliber of the after-sales support, marketing mix, and reputation affect consumers’ opinions of electronic payment systems. According to the study, customers are satisfied with the value offered for their banking requirements and the opportunity to experiment with e-payments in the banking sector. The study also found that while customers’ top concerns are trust and security, barriers to e-commerce include a low internet penetration rate, fewer users, expensive and challenging e-commerce technology, and a lack of progress in other supporting industries. Trust and security are significant deterrents against using electronic payment systems. The ability of consumers and banks to reach a larger market and participate in the world payment system is another way that technology can help the economy. Stakeholders should offer the unbanked sufficient assurances of security for utilizing electronic payment systems on their privacy without requiring them to maintain accounts with them. Keywords: Electronic Payment Systems (EPS), Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly (KMA)Payment Portal Services (PPS), Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and Central Business District (CBD).