Form Of Life Insurance Research Articles

Peran Biro Kesra Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur dalam Pemberian Bantuan Sosial Jaminan Hidup Tahap Akhir Bagi Eks. Korban Konflik Sosial Sampang Tahun 2023

The social conflict between the Syiah and Sunni groups in Sampang Regency, East Java due to differences in understanding has caused social risks for the Shia Group in the form of discrimination which led to rejection, requiring them to leave their homes and take refuge in the Jemundo Flat in Sidoarjo Regency. As stated in the East Java Governor Regulation No. 44 of 2021 which also discusses social assistance, the East Java Provincial Welfare Bureau participated in handling social risks due to the conflict that occurred by providing social assistance in the form of life insurance in cash for the victims. However, there are discrepancies in its implementation, namely related to the period of providing social assistance that exceeds the grace period for conflict. This study aims to determine the role of the Kesra Bureau in providing social assistance in the form of a final stage of life insurance at the end of October 2023 for Ex-Sampang Social Conflict Victims in 2023. This research is descriptive qualitative using the Miles and Huberman analysis method. Primary data used was obtained through observation, documentation and interviews as well as secondary data through related journals and websites. The research locus is located at the Bureau of Welfare of the Regional Secretariat of East Java Province. The results showed that the Welfare Bureau had carried out the provision of social assistance in the form of life insurance in the final stage on October 30, 2023 at the Jemundo Flat, Sidoarjo Regency. This indicates that the Welfare Bureau with the help of relevant stakeholders has carried out its role in providing late-stage social assistance according to the criteria for providing social assistance as in Governor Regulation No. 44 of 2021 Article 30, namely meeting the requirements of beneficiaries, selective, temporary and not continuous, except in certain circumstances it can be sustainable, and adjusted to the intended use.

Awareness of Microtakaful Development among Low-Income Earners in Malaysia

Malaysia is the third largest takaful market globally and the takaful sector in Malaysia shows sound growth in 2022. Takaful had a penetration rate of 20.1% in 2022, up from 18.6% the previous year. However, only 25% of adult employees in the low-income group have some form of life insurance or family takaful cover, in contrast with 59% of those who are employed in the overall population who have takaful or insurance protection. The Malaysian population can be classified into three income segments: the T20 group, the M40 group and the B40 group. This study will only focus on the B40 group with a median income of RM3,860. Microtakaful is a kind of takaful product entailed for addressing the financial needs of households with low incomes in times of significant expenses. The main objective of this study was to examine the factors influencing the awareness of microtakaful development among the low-income group (B40). This study examines the relationship between (i) income level (ii) knowledge, and (iii) loss of exposure to the awareness of microtakaful. Data was collected by distributing 320 questionnaires to the residents in (PPR) Kerinchi Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the three independent variables, namely income level, knowledge, and loss exposures, have a strong positive relationship with microtakaful awareness. However, it is found that income level has the biggest impact on the awareness of microtakaful.

Life insurance with insurance capital funds as a form retirement savings: Determinants for the self-employed

Reduction of the public pension system generosity should encourage all future retirees to accumulate private retirement savings. They have many options in this area, both dedicated pension programs (pension pillars), and a whole range of financial market investment instruments (non-pillar solutions). The main objective of the paper was the empirical identification of factors that determine the level and propensity to save in the form of life insurance with insurance capital funds for retirement purposes by self-employed persons in Poland. The microeconomic perspective of considerations was adopted in the research process. On the basis of a review of economic literature, a set of individual characteristics that affect savings decisions of natural persons was distinguished, then an attempt was made to find out whether the same groups of factors also determined the individual decisions of self-employed persons regarding saving for retirement in the form of insurance capital funds. The following research hypothesis was verified: Ownership of retirement savings in the form of life insurance with insurance capital funds by self-employed natural persons in Poland is determined both by social and economic factors, and the impact of these factors varies. The empirical study showed that the accumulation of retirement savings by self-employed persons in the form of life insurance with insurance capital funds was the least important way to supplement the future pension from the public pillar. Self-employed persons are characterized by a relatively high propensity to save for retirement (higher than the average propensity to save in Poland), prefer non-pillar forms of collecting voluntary savings for retirement, primarily in the form of real estate. The strength of the social and economic factors varies.

Living with life insurance: a qualitative analysis of the experience of male implantable defibrillator recipients in Spain

The implantation of defibrillators should not be studied simply on the basis of clinical improvement or quality of life: it is also important to understand the significance, which the recipients attach to the defibrillator and their experiences with it. The aim of this work was, therefore, to determine the experience of Spanish implantable defibrillator recipients. A qualitative phenomenological study. Purposeful sampling of male implantable defibrillator recipients older than 18 years of age attended at the defibrillator consultancy at the Hospital Fuenlabrada or belonging to the Heart Patients' Association (Asociación de Pacientes Coronarios, APACOR). A secondary, theoretical sampling was also carried out to gain a more in-depth understanding of certain aspects identified in the first sampling, such as living with the discharges and difficulties during sexual activity. Data were collected using unstructured and semi-structured questionnaires and applying a question guide, field notes and the recipients' personal diaries/letters. Data collection was terminated once theoretical saturation was reached. Data were analysed using the Giorgi method. Finally, the seven themes, which showed what it means to be an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipient, were described. The defibrillator is perceived positively and is considered to be a form of life insurance, whereas the discharges are a limiting factor. The recipient's outlook on life changes. Acceptance of the changes resulting from the implant leads to the development of strategies to facilitate everyday life. An understanding of the significance attached by recipients to their disease, diagnosis and treatment allows their behaviour and expectations to be understood. Provide the basis for nursing assessment after discharge, understand the effects of the device in the recipient and track the process of adapting the recipient to daily life.

The dying patient: A clinician's view

Considering the universality of death and its overwhelming personal significance, knowledge of how contemporary man relates to death is meager indeed. In the absence of systematic research gathered from dying individuals and others involved in the death setting, we have been obliged to rely heavily on the beliefs, observations and writings of philosophers and theologians, and artists and poets for interpreting and understanding death. As an oncologist, my experience affords me a different perspective. I encounter regularly the initial reactions of patients upon learning that they have a potentially fatal illness, the specific problems involved with their care in the hospital and some of the interactions among physician, patient and family as the disease progresses. It has been said that we are all moving toward death at a variable speed. One can conceive of life as a terminal illness from which only death can liberate us. Such a conception is excessively lugubrious and, for most of us, not workable. For practical and operational purposes, I will define the dying patient as one whose disease is expected by the physician, patient or family to result in death. The patient’s first response to the knowledge that he possesses a progressive terminal illness is highly variable, but most often it is one of disbelief, shock and denial. Dr. Kiibler-Ross, the psychiatrist, emphasized other stages: anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Anger occurs because the patient is sick but others are not, and because the patient will be unable to function whereas others will be well. Bargaining, most often with God, is a request for some extra time usually in exchange for something. “God, let me get to my daughter’s wedding and I will go to church/synagogue each week for the next year.” Depression follows, not only because of the inevitability of the illness, but also because of an awareness of all the things the patient will soon leave behind. Usually, acceptance of the over-all situation finally occurs. Of course, these are not precise stages, and at any one time all may be found together in any one individual. Throughout, hope persists for the human spirit always tends to endure. Let us further consider the first stage of denial, which I also call the “delusion of acceptance.” This is the major stage with which the physician and the outpatient are obliged to deal. Since the real fear of dying is not uppermost in the minds of most people, the patient is forced to accept his own finiteness despite the understandable wish to avoid it. Like soldiers in a fox hole, people view death as something that happens to others. Thus, in one study, more than 80 per cent of the individuals questioned thought it best to make some plans about death. Follow-up indicated that more than 70 per cent had had some form of life insurance, but only one of four reported making a will or having some kind of funeral arrangement. As Freud suggested, no one can contemplate his own death, to which I add, especially with equanimity. It is, indeed, difficult to acknowledge the physical aspects of death, particularly disfiguration and decay, and to consider the prospect of disappearance of self. The great majority simply avoid the issue by clothing themselves with a veil of denial, protecting themselves from the fact that they are severely ill. If they do accept the fact, then they deny the true seriousness of the disorder; thus the phrase “delusion of acceptance.” I have no quarrel with denial as long as it does not interfere with treatment or appropriate medical planning. No skilled, sensitive physician should strip the patient of needed defenses. I am reminded of a lady receiving chemotherapy for far-advanced lung cancer who insisted at each visit that I take her blood pressure. On the one occasion when I didn’t she became annoyed that I would forget such an important vital observation. I overlooked what she was trying to tell me. The fact that her blood pressure was always normal reminded her of one of the few remaining normal characteristics in her disease-ravaged body. Since most of mankind appears unwilling to accept

Saving in Life Insurance and Pension Funds: Some Problems of Economic Interpretation

The monumental work of Raymond Goldsmith and his associates in A Study of Saving' has stimulated and made feasible a good deal of research on the components of aggregate saving and their behavior. Earlier work of Goldsmith, in fact, has led to the publication on a regular basis by the Securities and Exchange Commission of estimates of financial saving by individuals; these data are published in the SEC Statistical Bulletin and reprinted by the Department of Commerce in conjunction with the national income accounts. A similar body of data is published quarterly by the Federal Reserve Board as part of the Flow of Funds accounts. This easy availability of statistics on such an important topic makes it essential that economists be aware of any implications of the statistical definitions which limit seriously the kinds of uses to which the data can be put. As it happens, the conceptual basis of some of the components (such as currency and demand deposit accumulations) are straightforward, and should cause little or no difficulty in use. Those components representing saving through the form of life insurance and pension funds, on the other hand, rest on definitions which are statistically convenient, but have properties which render them misleading for certain kinds of analysis. The SEC series and the Flow of Funds series both adopt changes in reserves behind life insurance policies and pension funds as the appropriate measures of saving through that form. This definition is reasonable for purposes of studying the volume of saving actually done, but is not very helpful if one wishes to study the economic factors which influence the volume of saving in these forms. Irwin Friend noted that the series on life insurance saving (under SEC definitions) was the only component of individual saving which exhibited a fairly stable relationship to income in the prewar period.2 This difference between the behavior of life insurance saving as measured and other forms of saving is largely a consequence of the definition used. Saving in life insurance and pension funds can be defined in many ways; like all definitions, there are no correct ones. The choice among alternative definitions becomes complicated when as is the case in saving in life insurance or pension funds, the underlying process is complicated; subtle differences among definitions can then lead to markedly different results. Saving through life insurance and pension funds, as measured by the Flow of Funds, has accounted for more than one-third of the net acquisition of financial assets by the consumer and non-profit organization sector; similar orders of magnitude are found for these components in the SEC totals of gross financial saving by individuals. Since these components form so great a proportion of the total, it seems essential that the eco* Some of the research for this study was performed during my tenure as a Summer Research Fellow of the Travelers' Insurance Company. The paper itself was written while I was at the Johns Hopkins University. I am indebted to a number of people for helpful comments, especially Richard Leggett, Peter G. Plumley, and Scott Nielsen, all of the Travelers'; and Albert G. Whitney, James J. O'Leary, Yehuda Kotowitz, and Edwin S. Mills. Special thanks are due to the Life Insurance Agency Management Association for permission to use unpublished data. 1 Raymond W. Goldsmith, A Study of Saving in the United States, 3 vols. (Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1955-56). 2 Irwin Friend, with Vito Natrella, Individual's Saving: Volume and Composition (New York: J oh n Wiley a nd Sons, Inc., 1954), p. 148.