Form Of Poisoning Research Articles

Alterações nucleolares em algumas neuroviroses humanas

Neste trabalho estudamos alguns conceitos básicos sobre o nucléolo. Em seguida à apresentação do material de estudo, constante de casos de neuroviroses humanas, é feita um adescrição pormenorizada das alterações nucleares e nucleolares encontradas nas seguintes entidades mórbidas: polioencefalite subaguda com inclusões de DAWSON, leuco-encefalite subaguda esclerosante de VAN BOAGAERT, panencefalite nodular de PETTEDORING, poliomielite anterior aguda e raiva. As alterações nucleolares encontradas constam de hipertrofia inicial, a que se seguem profundas alterações em sua estrutura interna, sob a forma de vacuolizações e condensações granulares (os chamados nucleolinos) de número e tamanhos variados. Alguns destes corpúsculos granulares, fortemente basófilos e que apresentam as mesmas características citoquímicas dos nucléolos, são lançados no carioplasma sob a forma de volumosos corpúsculos basófilos esferoidais. São feitos comentários sobre a natureza do fenômeno, concluindo-se que, tratando-se de uma ocorrência somente encontrada nas viroses, em certas formas de intoxicações e em determinados distúrbios genéticos, o seu aparecimento em um quadro histopatológico encefalítico ou mielítico permite, com segurança atribuir sua etiologia a um vírus. De todos os processos estudados, o que apresentou tais alterações nucleolares com maior exuberância foi a panencefalite nodular de PETTE-DORING.

Lead poisoning of chickens

Abstract Extract Lead poisoning in wild game birds was first reported in U.S.A. by Witmore (1919), and since that time several workers have indicated that it probably occurs more frequently than is recognized. Birds acquire the lead by ingesting spent lead shot. Those birds which dive and feed underwater would therefore be more susceptible to this form of intoxication. Wickware (1940) recorded a 25 per cent, mortality in wild mallard ducks in Canada and, in the one bird examined, the gizzard contained twenty-six lead shot and its mucosa presented a putty-like appearance. Stiles (1940) reported a big mortality in wild ducks in Iowa and an unsuccessful attempt to treat affected birds by maintaining them in warm quarters and feeding various diets.

Folk–lore of Alcoholism

IN a paper on this subject (Brit. J. Inebriety, July–October), Dr. J. D. Bolleston remarks that with the exception of Hovorka and Kronfeld's great work on comparative folk medicine no writers have dwelt at length on folk–lore in relation to alcoholism. He has therefore collected the folk–lore of this condition, as he has recently done in the case of general medicine, dermatology and pulmonary tuberculosis. His paper deals with the nomenclature, popular phraseology, superstitions and leechcraft connected with alcoholism and alcohol, the term ‘leechcraft’ being that commonly employed in the language of folk–lore to indicate popular methods of prevention and treatment. In a previous paper on “Alcoholism in Classical Antiquity”(Brit. J. Inebriety, 24, 101; 1927) he directed attention to the numerous synonyms for inebriated or bibulous persons, both in Greek and Latin, as well as in English, which contained about seventy such terms, only a minority of which could be called slang, whereas there are more than 280 slang synonyms for the word ‘drink’, 160 for the verb ‘to drink’, and 150 for various forms of intoxication. Popular interest in the consumption of alcohol, especially in excess, was further demonstrated by the great variety of similes connected with the subject. After dealing with the superstitions and popular errors connected with alcohol and alcoholism, which are legion, Dr. Rolleston discusses the popular methods of prevention and cure for inebriety, which he classifies under the headings of animal remedies, including coprotherapy, plant remedies, of which a large proportion are mentioned by Pliny, mineral remedies, invocation of patron saints and water.

METHYL CHLORIDE (REFRIGERATOR) GAS POISONING

Methyl chloride gas is one of the most popular refrigerants used in mechanical refrigeration. Poisoning by this gas attracted sufficient attention in 1929 to warrant an investigation by the American Medical Association. During that year, in a relatively short period, the occurrence of twenty-nine instances of this form of intoxication in Chicago was reported. 1 Ten patients of this group died. The report of the Committee on Poisonous Gases of the American Medical Association 2 included certain recommendations for the control of that hazard. It may be inferred from the sparsity of reports 3 of poisoning by methyl chloride since that time that the advice of the committee had been followed. The appearance of two new cases of methyl chloride poisoning, however, emphasizes the fact that this industrial danger still exists. REPORT OF CASES Two white men, 44 and 28 years of age, were engaged in repairing an air conditioning plant located in the basement of a business concern. Ventilation was poor but considered adequate. After two hours of work the older patient noted headache, dizziness and fatigue. He accordingly quit work. The younger man continued to work an additional two hours, at the end of which time he too was forced to stop.

DIURESIS PRODUCED BY INJECTION OF DEXTROSE

Induction of diuresis by the intravenous administration of hypertonic solutions of dextrose is a well recognized therapeutic measure for the relief of many forms of intoxication, especially for the form frequently accompanying infantile diarrhea. The effects on the circulation and the changes in the blood during and immediately following induction of diuresis have been amply studied in normal animals, but reports of prolonged observations following this procedure are not available in the literature. It was possible to obtain data on two normal infants to whom hypertonic solutions of dextrose had been administered intravenously and to follow the metabolism of fixed acids and bases in these subjects for periods of nine days following the initial diuresis. The main objects of this paper are to present data on: The immediate effect of dextrose diuresis on the body content of fixed acids and bases in normal infants. The time interval necessary

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF WATER INTOXICATION IN A CASE OF SEVERE DIABETES INSIPIDUS, WITH SOME NOTES ON THE DISTURBANCES OF BLOOD COMPOSITION AND VASOMOTOR MECHANISM*

In 1922, Weir, Larson and Rowntree described certain symptoms of water intoxication in a case of diabetes insipidus; the symptoms occurred after the administration of pituitary extract, the patient in the meantime taking water on request in the amounts to which he had become accustomed. In eight hours 5250 cc. of fluids was consumed, and 800 cc. of urine was passed; the nausea, vertigo, severe headache, and slight edema of the face and ankles resulted. Repetition of the experiment on the same and on another patient produced similar results. In 1923, Weir reported further studies on this peculiar form of intoxication and demonstrated a coincident increase in the relative volume of blood plasma. Rowntree conducted extensive experiments on the effect of the administration of excessive amounts of water to the experimental animal. He has produced ataxia, vomiting, and convulsions by this means, and Greene and Rowntree have demonstrated the fact that actual dilution of the blood may occur.

A CASE OF GENERAL ARGYRIA.

Argyria, once a very common form of intoxication, is now very rare. The first case was seen in 1791 by Schwediauer, and reported by Fourcroy. Early in the nineteenth century many cases were reported and the number increased toward the middle of the century on account of the extensive use of the metal in the treatment of epilepsy and tabes. The slaty pigmentation was frequently seen in the European hospitals and on postmortem tables. General argyria now is very rare, the only form of the pigmentation now seen being a local affection due to topical application to wounds, ulcers, etc., or to absorption of silver dust by workers in the metal. It is not so much the amount of the metal ingested that causes the pigmentation as it is the repeated taking of small doses over a long period of time. The only pathologic change found is the deposition of

Psychology of a particular Form of Pathological Intoxication

It is currently admitted that the state of intoxication in neuropathic persons differs from that of normal individuals or of habitual drunkards. Of this peculiar state Bonhoeffer has lately given an excellent account, but when one attempts to gain a clear conception of it the clinical cases scarcely bear out the general description. It will, therefore, perhaps be not inappropriate to go over some cases of this pathological form of intoxication which are not yet numerous and endeavour to gather them into a more definite group.

A Case of Poisoning by Antifebrin; Recovery.

To the Editor: —Mr. L. presented himself at my office about 3 P. M. on August 14, informing me that he had taken some horse medicine, and upon examining my patient I found the most cyanotic subject that I ever had the misfortune of treating, showing a livid tint of the skin resembling the tint of asphyxia, and complaining of general weakness, pain near the heart, a soreness beneath the sternum, with a beating pain passing from temple to temple, while to assume the erect position caused giddiness, increasing the cyanotic hue and a stinging pain in the eyes, while to assume the recumbent position gave him freedom from all suffering. Patient had no nausea or vomiting, but body was bathed in perspiration, respiring thirty times per minute, and a pulse of 110. The medicine was taken about 5 A.M., producing in thirty minutes a form of intoxication and desire