Form Of International Cooperation Research Articles

ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ БАЛАНСА МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В УСЛОВИЯХ КРИЗИСОВ ПОСТПАНДЕМИЙНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

The article examines entrepreneurship as a form of international cooperation. Definitions of the concept of “international entrepreneurship” are presented. Its forms and functions are considered. The prospects for the development of international entrepreneurship in the context of crisis changes in the world are described.

Exchange of information as a form of international cooperation in combating drug trafficking

Exchange of information as a form of international cooperation in combating drug trafficking

Legal principles of international cooperation of the National Police of Ukraine with foreign law enforcement agencies

Rapid integration processes require the establishment of effective cooperation both between governments and between their individual bodies, institutions and organisations in all spheres of society. Law enforcement activity is no exception, since its effective implementation is a guarantee for ensuring the formation of a security space both on the territory of the state and on its borders.
 The central place in the system of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine is occupied by the National Police of Ukraine, which is entrusted with many functions, including effective international cooperation with the bodies and organisations of neighbouring States, partner countries and international organisations. Based on the analysis of the legal literature, it is established that Ukrainian scholars have made attempts to outline the main aspects of international cooperation of the National Police of Ukraine, but insufficient attention has been paid to the legal framework. Therefore, based on a synthesis of theoretical developments of scholars in the context of studying the issues related to international cooperation between the National Police of Ukraine and other States, and an analysis of the provisions of the legal acts regulating the activities and procedure for interaction between the National Police and bodies, institutions and organisations of other countries, this article defines the legal framework for interaction between these entities. It has been stated that any form of international cooperation should be carried out in compliance with the following principles: legality, rule of law, partnership, efficiency, coherence of actions and means used, effective communication, and competence. It has been emphasised that it is fundamental to bring the provisions of national legislative acts in line with international legal treaties, which are the legal basis for international cooperation, in order to prevent any legal conflicts in this area. The article outlines the prospects for further research.

G20 COMMITMENT IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SDG 7: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Renewable energy is one of the issues that is the focus of every country, not only developed and developing countries. The energy transition is the focus of state policy in creating renewable energy. SDG 7 is one of the references for each country to oversee the energy transition policy towards renewable energy. One of the efforts made in helping each country to achieve the SDG 7 target is through international cooperation. One form of international cooperation that pays attention to renewable energy is the G20. Through the G20, it is hoped that there will be a collaboration between countries in efforts to achieve SDG 7 targets. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges faced by the G20 in implementing commitments to achieve SDGs7. Literature studies originating from official documents, journal articles, and internet sources are used to further analyze the opportunities and challenges facing the G20. The results of the study show that the G20 cooperation provides opportunities for member countries to be able to work together in achieving SDG 7, but the different characteristics and resources between developed and developing countries are a challenge in the energy transition process towards renewable energy.

International cooperation as a factor of scientific and technological development in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation

The article examines the technological development of the oil and gas industry in the context of an unprecedented sanctions regime by unfriendly countries. The importance of the oil and gas complex for technological re-equipment, in order to reduce dependence on foreign technologies, was noted. It is shown that in the conditions of sanctions restrictions and the worldwide drop in prices for hydrocarbons in the short term did not have serious consequences for the oil and gas complex. In order to reduce dependence on technological equipment of unfriendly countries, the form of international cooperation in the form of technological partnership is considered, which can be extremely useful, and not only the experience of partnerships for the development of new technologies, but also the experience of cooperation for the transfer and adaptation of existing technologies. Despite the obvious importance of the oil and gas complex in providing the federal budget with foreign exchange earnings, the current situation is marked by several important negative factors that have a certain impact on its development. It is shown that in conditions of global instability, large investments are needed in the development of modern Russian technological equipment at the level of the global average (2-8% of GDP) of highly developed countries. The main solutions of technological development in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation are proposed.

System Implementation Optimization Stollen Recovery Initiative (StAR) as an Effort to Eradicate Criminal Corruption in Asia

Corruption is a form of criminal behavior that is detrimental to state finances. Acts of corruption do not only occur in one country, but also in all countries, especially ASEAN. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out cooperation in the international sphere through an agreement or the implementation of political cooperation in the form ofMutual Legal Assistance (MLA) andExtradition related to the eradication of corruption. There are UN conventions andMLA will provide a form of change in the form of a paradigm related to the many aspects of corruption as a form of crimeinternational-transnational. In this case it becomes one of the important factors for all countries in achieving efforts to combat corruption. With regard to efforts to eradicate criminal acts of corruption, it is necessary to have a special regulatory system related to the handling of acts of corruption in foreign relations, one of which is in the form ofStollen Asset Recovery Initiative or StAR. StAR is a form of international cooperation in terms of providing evidence and transparency of an act of corruption.

Forms of international cooperation in the field of taxation and Russian tax legislation

The article gives the author’s definition of modern forms of international cooperation in the field of taxation. These include: international tax administration; delimitation of the tax jurisdiction of states and the fight against unfair tax competition among states; convergence of the tax systems of states. In relation to each form of international cooperation, the international legal principles underlying them are noted: international tax transparency, tax sovereignty of the state and its tax jurisdiction; prohibition of unfair tax competition. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of these international forms of tax cooperation in Russian legislation.

Review of the monograph “Actual problems of law and economics in the perspective of interdisciplinary scientific research as a form of international cooperation”

The article is a review of the monograph “Actual problems of Law and Economics from the perspective of interdisciplinary scientific research as a form of international cooperation”, which was prepared for the IV International Legal Forum “Modern Problems of Law and Economics in Europe and Asia” on September 11—16, 2021, which was held at the Kutafin Moscow State Law University. The monograph is a comprehensive scientific work reflecting modern and current trends in the development of law and economics. Scientists from Europe and Asia took part in the work, the relevance of the scientific monograph is its interdisciplinary nature and the depth of comparative legal analysis. The book can be recommended to teachers, graduate students and law students, diplomatic workers and researchers, practicing lawyers and civil servants.

Exchange of experience in the field of medical services as a form of international cooperation between Ukraine and Poland

Introduction. The development of bilateral relations in the context of globalization and European integration involves expanding the range of forms of cooperation, as well as those areas covered by cooperation. The implementation of medical reform in Ukraine necessitates the intensification of the exchange of experience in the medical field with other countries, including Poland. The rapid processes of digitalization against the background of the Kovid-19 pandemic determine the modernization of communication tools and cooperation in the field of health services.The purpose of the article is to study the state and prospects of exchange of experience in the field of medical services between Ukraine and Poland.Research methods. To achieve the goal set in the article, general scientific and special methods were used, namely: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, systematization, as well as elements of comparative analysis. The methodological basis for the study are national and international regulations of Ukraine and Poland, which regulate the functioning of health care and bilateral relations in the field of medical services, scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers, statistical reports and more.Results. The exchange of experience in the provision of medical services between Ukraine and Poland is carried out in a slightly different state of health care and taking into account Ukraine’s integration intentions using tools such as conferences, seminars, webinars, academic mobility of scientists and students, bilateral agreements between medical institutions with the support of local governments and self-government, etc. Digitalization, on the one hand, expands opportunities for collaboration, and on the other - necessitates the need to improve the quality of technical equipment of hospitals and makes new demands on human capital. Improving the exchange of experience in the field of medical services is enhanced by receiving technical assistance from Polish partners, including under the auspices of international institutions, such as the EU, WHO, UNICEF, etc. Perspective areas are the introduction of the eHealth system in Ukraine, as well as the involvement of Polish specialists to modernize the management system in domestic health care facilities. The article details the recommendations for intensifying the exchange of experience between Ukraine and Poland in areas and tools.Perspectives. Future research is important to focus on an interdisciplinary analysis of the consequences of health care reform in Ukraine and Poland in the context of the impact on the well-being of citizens.

Criminal procedural and forensic issues in the context of legal regulation of legal assistance in criminal matters

The article deals with the criminal procedure and criminalistics aspects of mutual legal assistance in criminal matters in the context of the legal regulation of the provision of such assistance by States. The article reveals the content of legal assistance in criminal cases as an important prerequisite to ensure the fight against crime in modern times, when crime transcends national borders. It is established that the observance of reasonable terms of rendering of legal assistance, stipulated by law, is one of the guarantees of efficiency of criminal proceedings. The comparative legal analysis of norms regulating such form of international cooperation in criminal proceedings as a request for legal assistance was performed; the legal norms determining the volume of legal assistance were studied; an opinion on the distinctions of this form of cooperation from other forms was given. The impact of forensic provision of legal assistance in criminal cases in terms of reliability and persuasiveness of evidence is evaluated.

Forensic support for the international search

The purpose of the article is to formulate the basic theoretical principles and practical recommendations for forensic support for the international search. Subject of research: The subject of research is the concept, content, objectives and features of the implementation of forensic support for the international search. Methodology: In the course of the research general scientific methods, such as the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, specification, summarization and analogy, etc. were used. Research results: According to the results of the research, it is substantiated that the international search is a complex legal institution and a separate form of international cooperation. Forensic support in this context is to create the conditions of preparedness and implementation of methods, tools, techniques of forensics in order to solve the problems of the international search. Practical consequences: It is proved that the international search is carried out according to certain stages, where certain measures of forensic support are necessary to be applied. Value / originality: Forensic support for the international search is to maximize the use of modern advances in science and technology to expand the range of sources of forensic information that can be applied in the international search.

Alexander Chubaryan and Conflicts in the Field of European Historical Memory

The article raises the question of the possibility of the existence of a pan-European historical memory, analyzes the features of the development and evolution of the content of the European narrative of historical memory in the late 20th — early 21st centuries and the historical policy of a number of countries. It is shown first of all on the example of the textbook for Russian and German teachers “Russia — Germany. Milestones of joint history in collective memory”, how through joint work on educational literature on history, Russian academics and their colleagues from some European countries manage to find consensus on complex debatable issues of interpretation of historical events. The role of Russian academy of Sciences member Alexander Chubaryan in the development and dissemination of this form of international cooperation of historians is revealed.

YURISDIKSI MENGADILI PELAKU PEMBAJAKAN PESAWAT UDARA BERDASARKAN PRINSIP MANDATORY EXTRADITION

Extradition is basically a form of international cooperation to arrest or hand over a fugitive, suspect, defendant or convict who escape to another country. Extradition is based on agreements between countries to deal with crime. Mandatory extradition in The Hague Convention 1970 of 1970 certainly caused another debate, which in general we know that extradition is an agreement made between countries, and sometimes a country also does not want to make an extradition treaty with another country. However, with this principle that the member countries of the convention without exception are required to conduct extradition of the perpetrators of aircraft hijacking. The research method used is normative with the statues approach and conceptual approach. In the research it was found that the 1970 The Hague Convention was likened to a multilateral extradition treaty for convention participating countries. The principle of mandatory extradition stipulates extradition to be an obligation that must be carried out by each participating country of the convention as a step to tackle and try airplane hijackers.

Cultural Networks Italiart and Ruart: International Art Partnership

The networking format becomes the most widespread form of international cooperation in the field of culture at the present stage. First, it attracts subjects of the international market of culture and art by reducing costs and the price of implementing projects. Both previously existing organizations and new partner projects have adopted this format and transformed themselves into networks, building their structure on the principle of horizontal communications. Along with representatives of state structures and international organizations, there are networks initiated by independentexperts interested in the development of international private partnership. In 2020, the 3rd panoramic exhibition of contemporary Italian art «Italiartkremlin» will be held in the State Museum of Modern Art of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Apart from the worksof Italian masters, the exhibition will present the works of Russian artists, winners of the annual contest «My Italy» and «Italy through the eyes of Russian artists». «Italiartkremlin» is one of the projects of the ITALIART cultural network that unites the efforts of representatives of the Italian art market, as well as amateurs and collectors of contemporary Italian art in order to promote it in Russia and Europe. The partner network RUART specializes in the promotion of Russian art in the world, and especially in Northern Europe, through the organization of thematic art events, including art exhibitions, contests and seminars. The idea of sharing a single exhibition space of works of art from different countries allows to compare and see the difference between national schools and modern art concepts.

Funkcjonowanie miast Azji Południowo-Wschodniej w ramach międzynarodowych sieci współpracy

Although climate policy is formulated at national and supranational levels (for example, the European Union, the United Nations), cities are responsible for its practical implementation. As a consequence, actions taken by local authorities are becoming an important factor in the success of global climate policy. One of the cities’ activities is sharing environmental knowledge within international city networks. This form of international cooperation is also becoming increasingly popular in Southeast Asia.This article analyses the participation of Asian cities in the three most important networks dealing with the exchange of ecological knowledge: C40, City Net and ICLEI. Based on interviews with representatives of all surveyed networks and the city officials of Quezon City, Philippines, I present the characteristics of cities functioning in networks, in particular the knowledge flow model, which has a certain postcolonial feature but also promotes social dialogue and cooperation with local partners.

Carpathian Ecological Network: International Legal Basis and Ukrainian Experience

The article analyzes the importance of the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians of 2003 (Carpathian Convention). Carpathian Convention created favourable conditions for the conservation of landscapes and biological diversity of mountain ecosystems of the Carpathian region. Carpathian Convention is a framework instrument, in other words, it determines the general principles concerning the solution of environmental, social and economic problems of the region. The Protocol on Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological and Landscape Diversity to the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians has been analyzed. The advantages of international cooperation of the countries of the Carpathian region in achieving a common comprehensive result – conservation of biodiversity and improvement of social and economic level of the region and its inhabitants on the grounds of sustainable development have been defined. Carpathian Convention coordinates the economic needs with the social and environmental protection, promotes the conservation of the unique and authentic cultural and natural heritage of the Carpathian ecoregion for present and future generations. Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians provides the creation of the Carpathian ecological network as a type of ecological networks at the sub-regional level, which is a part of the Pan-European ecological network. Ukraine consistently follows the bilateral and multilateral agreements, concluded with neighboring countries, concerning the protection of the environment and is involved in the creation of cross-border elements of the national ecological network. The peculiarities of the Carpathian network of protected areas have been considered. The Carpathian network of protected areas is a special form of international cooperation in environmental protection, which consists in determining by the Conference of the Parties to the Carpathian Convention the list of protected areas and in approving of regulations about them. The Conference of the Parties to the Carpathian Convention encourages the administrations of these protected areas to participate actively in international cooperation and exchange of experience in the field of the conservation of the unique biological and landscape diversity, and to reduce the negative impact on the environment of the region of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The author proves that the Carpathian Convention, except the traditional approaches concerning the protection of separate areas and species, recognizes the necessity of a broader approach to the conservation of nature. Parties to the Carpathian Convention are obliged to improve the conservation and sustainable management on the areas that are outside of protected areas, with the help of the ecosystem approach. Such an ecosystem approach to the sustainable management is applied to the spatial planning, integrated water management, agriculture, forestry, transport, infrastructure, industry, energy, tourism and cultural heritage conservation. Herewith, the interests of environmental protection shall be taken into account during the development and implementation of the economic and social policies

Cultural contacts of the Nordic countries with Soviet Russia and the USSR in the 1920s – 1930s

The main characteristics of cultural exchanges between Fennoscandian and Russian peoples in the 1920s–1930s were considered. The methodology of the study contained a combination of different methods of analysis: comparative, institutional, functional, anthropological, as well as socio-cultural, socio-political. These methods were determined by the principle of historicism. Authors considered the topic of research as an integral sphere of holistic intellectual life of humanity, as a form of international cooperation, which is an integral part of the system of international relations in the period between the two world wars. The study was based on material from Russian state archives, as well as on published documents of Soviet foreign policy. The authors concluded that a passive attitude to the joint political struggle against the threat of war by many participants of the cultural cooperation with the USSR was determined by the idea of their national culture as a part of Western civilization. Nevertheless, refusal to cooperate with the Soviet Union was then tantamount to being marginalized in world culture. Cultural contacts with the Soviet Union played an important role in the formation of anti-fascist sentiments in the West. However, in the Nordic countries these sentiments were not widespread. Rather, the common idea was the short-sighted public hope that they would manage to stay away from the military disaster in Europe. As a result, they were among the first victims of German aggression.

Cluster as a form of international cooperation in the development of the Arctic region in the framework of the international innovation system

The purpose of this article is to analyze the problems of the development of the Arctic space, the prospects for the development of international cooperation in this field, to determine the role of international clusters in the development of the subarctic region. The cluster is considered as an international organization defining development strategies for state cooperation, joint business activities, the formation of the information space in the framework of the international innovation system with the active use of the innovation potential of cluster members' cooperation.

The Chadbourne Agreement (1931) and its impact on the Czechoslovak sugar industry

At the beginning of the 1930s, Thomas Chadbourne, a lawyer from Wall Street, assumed the task of finding a new form of international cooperation on sugar production and trade. A new committee was established in Brussels and its activities led to a new international sugar agreement in 1931 signed by several major sugar producers (including Czechoslovakia). It became gradually evident that the Chadbourne Agreement certainly could not affect some of the major problems, which plagued world sugar production – especially the unfavorable trend in sugar consumption that stagnated or even declined in many world regions due to the Great Depression. The document did not involve a true cooperation in customs policy and did not represent a way to a direct abolition or at least reduction of customs tariffs. As for price strategy, the project ultimately failed too since the real price development greatly differed from the desired growth of prices. The Chadbourne Agreement had some negative or at least controversial consequences for the signatory countries and the planned benefits of the Chadbourn Agreement were effectively phased out by the behavior of non-signatory states, which gradually increased sugar production – in some respects only filling the gap that emerged on the world market.

Public Goods, Common Pool Resources, and International Law

AbstractThe concept of public goods is often operationalized in the literature as anything that demands some form of international cooperation. While this may be politically useful in generating international cooperation, it is analytically problematic for designing international law with the purpose of enhancing international cooperation. Many of the issues characterized as public goods are in fact common pool resources, which pose distinct issues for international cooperation and demand different legal architectures than public goods for effective international cooperation.