Form Of Housing Research Articles

Domestic Cartographies: A Post-Occupancy Ethnographic Assessment of Barcelona’s Social Housing Strategies, 2015–2023

The lack of affordable housing remains a major problem in Spain. Following the decline in public and affordable housing production caused by the economic, political, and social crisis of 2008, efforts to produce public housing were reactivated in the mid-2010s, gaining increasing importance. In Barcelona, housing policies have played a central role in recent political discourse, particularly with the tenure of housing rights activist Ada Colau (2015–2023). With traditional approaches failing to address the housing emergency, the local government introduced five new procurement strategies to increase the affordable housing stock. These involve new forms of council housing, delegated developments, limited-profit investments, zero-equity housing cooperatives, and urban refurbishment. This article uses a mixed methods approach to analyse these strategies. The analysis spans all design phases, from inception to construction, and includes post-occupancy evaluations. Methods include typological analysis, expert interviews, and spatial performance analysis using ethnographic methods and inhabitant interviews. The results evidence the importance of diversifying procurement models, tailoring approaches to different user profiles, and enhancing emerging opportunities by including new stakeholders in the development process.

Study on the indoor thermal comfort of cave dwellings in cold areas of China

Cave dwelling, as a common traditional housing form in rural areas, has long been regarded as a low-cost, green, and environmentally friendly living choice. The purpose of this study was to explore and improve the thermal comfort of cave dwellings, and to systematically evaluate and analyse the thermal comfort of cave dwellings through a combination of visit surveys and indoor environmental parameter monitoring. After statistical analysis and comparison of the collected data, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) The thermal neutrality temperature of 25.15 °C determined by Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) in this study was greater than the thermal neutrality temperature of 19.49 °C determined by Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) model, indicating that cave dwellers prefer a cooler thermal environments under actual conditions. (2) In cold weather, the maximum value of 80% acceptability is 18.12 °C and the minimum value is 12.00 °C. In hot weather, the maximum value of 80% acceptability is 27.17 °C and the minimum value is 23.66 °C. (3) In winter, the average indoor temperature of 9.71 °C is higher than the average outdoor temperature of 7.85 °C; In summer, the average temperature in the naturally ventilated room of 27.44 °C is much lower than the average outdoor temperature of 35.25 °C. The results showed that the building materials and structure of cave houses can provide a certain degree of thermal insulation, which can provide a basis for the design and improvement of low-cost, energy-saving and environmentally friendly houses in rural areas.

The Lost Shantytowns of Barcelona

Shantytowns still existed in many of Southern Europe’s major cities in the second half of the 20th century, although many have now been demolished. The purpose of this article is to highlight the history and evolution of some of the main shantytowns that remained in Barcelona in the mid-1970s, track their subsequent demolition, and reflect on the fate of the shanty dwellers. This form of self-build housing, usually lacking in basic services, played a vital role in providing shelter for immigrant families and the urban poor. A strong neighbourhood identity existed in many of these shantytowns, and national and local policies that aimed at their demolition and the re-housing of residents, often in low-quality housing blocks, proved problematic. The shantytowns studied here are La Perona, the Tres Turons, Campo de la Bota, and Ramon Casellas, which together comprised over 2000 shanty dwellings in the 1970s. Drawing on photographs taken at the time and existing literature, and using recent images from Google Earth, the demise of these shantytowns is examined, and the policies and plans that determined their fate are discussed. This article finds that the shanty dwellers experienced mixed fortunes, some being forcibly removed and re-housed in tower blocks with associated social-economic problems, whilst others played an active part in the design of replacement housing, implemented in situ where the shanty dwellings once existed. This article contributes to existing studies on shantytowns in Barcelona, which received scant attention from academics at the time, and which only now are being recognised as an important aspect of Barcelona’s urban history.

History lessons. Search for forms of rental housing – experience of Europe and the USA in the 19-20 centuries

The increased international and interregional mobility of people, characteristic of the beginning of the 21 century, stimulates the development of new principles of socially oriented design of rental housing in the interests of preventing inequality and segregation. In this regard, the importance of historical experience increases. The article focuses on some unique foreign experiments of the 19–20 centuries. An attempt has been made to clarify the key types of residential structures for socially vulnerable categories of the population and their architectural and typological features. The object of the study is a residential environment of a rental (municipal) type, the subject of the study is factors influencing the typological evolution of housing for families with household income below average. The purpose of the study is to systematize and summarize new information, critically analyze the experience of improving an economical home and identify its progressive forms.

El potencial turístico gastronómico de la región del Pantanal desde la perspectiva de los residentes

The tourist region of Pantanal is explored having a diversity of tourist products. The typical food has a great potential to be transformed into a product, due to the traditions, forms of occupation and housing, with indigenous, colonizers and explorers’ influences, as well as all the cultural identities present in the territory, denoting the appreciation of local identity. From this perspective, it was detected in loco that the gastronomy is little explored in tourism, being only a component that adds value to the main tourist product of the region, the tourism linked to nature and all its forms of consumption. From this context, the aim of this research was to identify the gastronomic tourist potential from the perception of the residents about the typical dishes that can be considered tourist products. As methodological procedures, it was used literature and document review, with exploratory research with qualitative and quantitative approach. A questionnaire was subsequently analyzed with simple percentage technique. For the qualitative data, it was used the Content Analysis technique (CA) of Bardin (2011). As result, the typical dishes of Pantanal were identified and the emergence of new dishes considered typical by the residents. And for the residents reconstruct the identity of some dishes can help to preserve the originality arising from the cultural history, and this, understood as fundamental for the residents of the region, since they preserve the history of this territory.

Thermal Performance of Vernacular Stilt House in Palu City

The stilt house is one of vernacular architecture features in Indonesia. Several stilt vernacular houses persist until 70 to 100 years old in Palu City. Stilt house forms were proved to be adaptive to tropical climates. This research provides evidence of a thermally comfortable interior created by the vernacular stilt house of Palu City. The research was carried out in two stages: field measurement and thermal comfort value analysis, based on SNI 03-6572-2001 standards. Purposive sampling was used to determine the research sample for vernacular stilt houses. The selected stilt house is located on Anoa street No 57, North Tatura Ward, Palu City. Field measurement was performed to record the indoor and outdoor thermal condition of the sample house employing Hobo Onset U12-012 RH-Light data logger and Hobo H-22 microclimate station. The results show that the outdoor air temperature peak is 36.8°C with 45% humidity. Meanwhile, the indoor peak temperature on the 1st floor reached 32°C with 51% humidity. On the 2nd floor, there are five rooms with peak temperatures ranging from 29.5°C to 34.6°C with 53% to 64% humidity, indicating that each room has a different temperature performance. This condition is due to several parameters, such as ceiling height, roof shape, opening size, room layout, and room orientation. The result also showed that the indoor air temperature tends to be lower than the outdoor air temperature. Hence, it is indicated that the design strategies of the sample building are adaptive to the tropical warm and humid conditions of Palu.

Neighbourhood identity: a methodological perspective from Nantes-France

PurposeThis research aims to develop a method for defining the identity of multilayered neighbourhoods by taking a case study in Nantes/France. It utilizes the urban identity concept to achieve this goal, which is defined by physical and identificatory relation to the neighbourhood.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology includes historical periodical analysis, housing form and architectural stylistic definition, visualization and geographic information system (GIS) mapping. The research conducts spatial analysis to reveal the physical component of the urban identity of the neighbourhood and interviews (No = 50) with dwellers for the identificatory relation, asking about neighbourhood tangible/non-tangible elements. All these data are mapped through GIS.FindingsThe study found that the physical component is defined by three urban layers (identified as industrial, reconstruction and development, and post-industrial) and eleven housing typologies. As for the identificatory relation, the authors found that the interviewees mostly identified with their neighbourhood, whereas a minority did not. The most important form of identification with the neighbourhood was its atmosphere, and as reasons were given, the neighbourhood's positively evaluated quality, good location and social values.Originality/valueIt proposes the definition of the physical component through urban layers and housing typologies. The identificatory relation also considers the identification of the residents with the neighbourhood's tangible/non-tangible urban elements.

Legal status of young scientists in the Russian Federation

The subject. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the legal status of young scientists in the Russian Federation, taking into account the needs of the Russian scientific society for the reproduction of the scientific knowledge.The purpose of the research is to confirm or to reject the hypothesis of the necessity of the specific legal status of the young scientists in Russian academic law.Methodology. The formal legal method, the method of comparative legal analysis and method of systemic approach were used in the article.The main results. The research proves that the modern Russian academic community is in need of the young scientists due to the aging of the community. According to statistics, the lack of social guarantees and the low prestige of the academic profession result in a low percentage of PhD graduates in the recent years. The study concludes that there is no systematic approach to the definition of the status of a young scientist in the current Russian law. Although attempts to formalize the legal status of the young scientists have been made, they have so far not led to significant results. The authors conclude that the current legislation governing the legal status of young scientists should be harmonised. Analysis of the current legislation on the legal status of young scientists also reveals a number of complex issues. Social guarantees for young scientists, presented in the form of social housing, affect only a small proportion of the scientific community, while there are no laws granting preferential loans for young scientific workers. The participation of young scientists in grant support competitions is complicated due to the lack of a unified approach. Specific problems are faced by female scientists. A partial solution to the problem of the low prestige of the profession for both scientific and pedagogic workers, according to the authors of the article, lies in the foundation of a unified federal system of guarantied wages for such workers.Conclusions. Researchers conclude that a consistent approach to the legal status of young scientists and social guarantees, according to such status, can ensure the stable growth of young people in the sphere of scientific activity. In order to enhance the prestige of the profession of scientist among young people and to prevent the lack of scientific and pedagogical workers, researchers consider it necessary to take a number of measures, such as legal enshrinement of the status of a young scientists, development of a system of social guarantees, search for a new ways to measure the scientific activity of employees, formation of a stable system of postgraduate studies and creation of comfortable working conditions for young scientists.

Analysis of structured and unstructured stakeholders’ motivational support of Ghanaian slum communities

PurposeThis study aims to examine the motivations and supports of stakeholders in the slum communities, Ghana.Design/methodology/approachTwo-stage methodologies were used for data collection. Published Google News articles about the phenomenon as well as exploratory qualitative in-depth interviews with 15 participants.FindingsThe evidence shows that structured and unstructured are the two main categories of stakeholders operating in the space of slums in Ghana. It shows that stakeholders are motivated by their objectives and ethical or moral obligations to provide support in the form of consumables, housing and finance to the slums.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the data collection regime used in this project, findings are specific to the Ghanaian context and not generalisable. However, the results could be beneficial in other contexts with similar slum phenomena.Practical implicationsThe conclusions drawn serve as a springboard for urban managers responsible for slum administration and management to develop policy packages to incentivise and enlist more non-slum stakeholders in the existing stakeholders.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the few that expands the frontiers of the stakeholder model within context to discover specific slum stakeholders, their motivations and support for the slums in a consolidated manner.

Reading the Meaning of the Realization of a Residential House in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Bali using the Hermeneutic Method

Discussion of traditional architecture is still interesting to do because of the high meaning in it. Including traditional Balinese architecture, more precisely the house in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village. The house for the indigenous people of Tenganan Pegingsringan Village consists of several building periods, including Bale Buga, Sanggah, Bale Meten, Bale Tengah and Paon. The aim of the study was to analyze the meaning of the embodiment of a residential house in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Bali using the hermeneutic method. The research method used is a qualitative method with primary data from direct observation in the form of photographs, interviews and secondary data from literacy which is then compiled, the two data can be analyzed using a hermeneutic approach to obtain results and conclusions. The meaning of the house in the village of Tenganan Pegingsringan was born from the activities of its users who have the same values and expressions. Different users from community groups based on village manners have the same residential meaning. The meaning of the house form in Tenganan Pegingsringan Village has ritual, symbolic, ethical, religious and sustainable meanings.

Heritage Potential and Tourist Attraction of Chinese Heritage in Parakan City, Temanggung Regency

Parakan City, located in Parakan District, Temanggung Regency, was the former capital of Menoreh during the Ancient Mataram period. With this historical background, there are a number of cultural heritage in Parakan. One of them is a historic building owned by the descendants of the Chinese in the form of residential houses that are still in good condition today. With the proposal of Parakan as a Heritage City by the Ministry of PUPR in 2015, it has considerable influence. One of them is the emergence of heritage tourism which has been running until now by visiting the building objects of Chinese descent. Parakan City, in Parakan Wetan to be precise, there is a Chinatown Area, proposed as a Cultural Heritage Area of ​​Temanggung Regency. This study aims to determine the heritage potential of these Chinese buildings in relation to the tourism component that currently exists. By starting to expand Heritage Tourism in Parakan, it is hoped that it will support the continuity of these heritage attractions in the future.

Housing movement coalitions in the United States: Trends from big networks among urban civil society leaders

Coalitions of formal housing, civil rights and anti-poverty organisations play an important role in urban housing movements. However, the extent and dynamics of these ‘housing movement coalitions’ are not well understood. In this article, I document the geography of housing movement coalitions across 148 US cities using leadership networks among 11.8 million civic leaders. I show that cohesive coalitions of formal housing, civil rights and anti-poverty leaders exist in a wide range of US cities, including in conservative states. In terms of change, housing coalitions have only grown in a handful of politically liberal cities since the global financial crisis, and most housing coalitions have stagnated and some have declined. Finally, change score regression models indicate that economic insecurity is associated with housing coalition emergence, but municipal austerity and hostile political environments may weaken the opportunities for coalitions to expand. These findings suggest movement scholars should widen their focus to include housing coalitions in more diverse contexts, and more closely examine how municipal funding shapes housing coalitions and their relationship to grassroots activism.

Research on Leased Space of Urban Villages in Large Cities Based on Fuzzy Kano Model Evaluation and Building Performance Simulation: A Case Study of Laojuntang Village, Chaoyang District, Beijing

China is in the transition period of urbanization, and the imbalance of land use generated during the original rapid development of megacities still exists, resulting in the preservation of a large number of urban villages in the peripheral areas of cities. Unlike formal housing, these villages are heavily influenced by the confrontation and interweaving between top-down policies of local governments and bottom-up spontaneous construction by local villagers, resulting in a diverse and complex status quo. At the same time, self-built housing in urban villages has become a gathering place for a large number of low-income migrants due to its relatively low rental prices. In terms of the research of urban villages on the current situation of housing, the real needs of users and housing performance are mostly subjective judgments and conclusions. Therefore, the entry point of this paper is the leased space and the leasers, taking Laojuntang Village in Chaoyang District of Beijing as the research object and analyzing its current problems and the real needs of users. This paper adopts an integrated approach of fuzzy Kano model evaluation and building performance simulation. After analyzing the data and discussing the influencing factors, this paper identifies the specific problems and user needs that exist in leased spaces in Laojuntang Village: (1) The architectural performance of leased space is a Must-be Quality, which is the bottom-line requirement and must be improved. (2) The quality of the basic facilities and equipment of the leased space is mostly a One-dimensional Quality, Attractive Quality, and the degree of importance is lower than that of the building performance. (3) The external activity facilities of the leased space are mostly undifferentiated needs, for which the local users are not particularly prominent. (4) The scale and plot ratio of local housing is relatively high, and users are dissatisfied and complaining, which falls under the category of Reverse Quality.

Specific constructive solution of a log house from southwest Serbia

The Dinaric log cabin was the dominant form of residential house in the Dinaric mountains region in the Balkans. In the valley of the Uvac River, in southwest Serbia, a structural solution with preserved cornice was recorded, which differs significantly from the solution of the Dinaric log cabin. It is characterized by a gable roof (instead of a four-gable one), and the beam on the ridge rests on a specially built structure consisting of a console and a rod. This solution indicates that there was an exchange of construction solutions in the Balkans and Europe, that they were transferred by builders, travellers or settlers. A similar construction solution is applied in Austria, Switzerland and Russia.

Selected issues in contemporary housing design for seniors – Poland in the European context

Concern for the residential environment for the elderly is increasingly evident in theory in numerous academic studies and in practice reflected in contemporary realisations. Residential centers for seniors are becoming increasingly popular, and their form and function are becoming more complex and dedicated to specific needs. The authors presented the results of a study of a dozen of different case studies of residential and commercial complexes with a healthcare function for the elderly realised after 2005. The authors hypothesise that contemporary realised complexes for seniors are characterised by a varied morphology, i.e., in some cases they replicate the structure of the urban fabric, while in others they clearly break away from it and create individualised forms. The qualitative assessment considers the advantages and disadvantages associated with the morphology of the complexes. The authors also presented their individual design as an experiment of implementing current trends in an established location (research by design). The presented research shows that both the form and function of housing for seniors evolve depending on the needs. Functional programs and the facilities themselves are usually quite extensive and result in complex functional-spatial systems that fill most of the plots on which they were designed. Conclusions from the research can be valuable in studying other senior centres, especially when making location decisions for similar functions.

The potential of prefabricated technologies for rental housing

The aim of the paper is to highlight the benefits of lean prefabricated and modular construction for the construction of rental housing by considering financial and time savings. In the current turbulent development of prices of building materials as well as banking products and availability of housing, Slovakia is facing significant problems with housing shortage, which is also addressed by foreign countries in the form of rental housing. According to Eurostat data for 2021, the ratio of rental housing in Slovakia to the total number of dwellings is the second lowest in the European Union at 7.1%, while this is mainly rental housing in properties owned by private landlords. The Act on State Support for Rental Housing sets maximum rent levels for individual regions of Slovakia, which directly affect the costs associated with construction. The paper shows that there is great potential of volumetric modular construction to solve increasing demand for rental housing. This article analyses the current state of adoption of modular construction abroad and in Slovakia by the good practice review and literature research resources review.

HOUSING BEYOND THE METROPOLIS: Inhabiting Extractivism and Extensions in Urban Amazonia

AbstractThis article contributes to debates on the decentering of urban research by critically examining emergent forms of housing in the mining municipality of Canaã dos Carajás, Brazil, beyond the dominant lexicons that have emerged from the country's metropolises. The notion of ‘beyond the metropolis’ is offered here as a geographically situated, conceptual placeholder that empirically grounds calls for dislocating urban research. I draw upon fieldwork conducted in Canaã in 2018 and 2019, after the construction of the largest open‐pit mine in human history, which attracted tens of thousands of migrants and more than doubled Canaã's population in five years, creating a severe housing crisis. By looking closely at how regional developers, local authorities, mining giant Vale as well as Amazonian majorities came up with their own ‘solutions’ to the housing problem they faced, I foreground the role of ‘extractivism’ and ‘extensions’ in driving and shaping urbanization and inhabitation—beyond the metrocentric emphasis on agglomerative dynamics driven by industrialization and rural‐to‐urban migration. This twofold conceptual grammar grounded in non‐metropolitan Amazonia is absent from current housing debates and illustrates the generative analytical potential inherent in the move beyond the metropolis.

Towards a new Existenzminimum

This thesis brings forward the design dimension, and, more specifically, co-design, to the study of housing affordability. Co-design occurs when end-users and professionals work together towards a common goal. It is a process often applied in collaborative housing, an umbrella concept encompassing different housing forms based on collective self-organisation and collaboration, where residents choose to share certain spaces. The aim of this research is to assess if and how co-design processes applied in collaborative housing may reduce building costs, thereby making these housing projects not only affordable, but even more affordable than mainstream housing. It does so by combining a case study approach with a building costs simulation. Findings indicate that co-design decisions based on a collective self-redefinition of Existenzminimum (minimum dwelling) affect the housing layout and contribute to reduce building costs. By conceptualising housing design through the lenses of affordability, this thesis highlights the understated role of architectural design and building costs as key components in the study and provision of affordable housing solutions; and enriches the existing body of knowledge on affordable collaborative housing. Moreover, it draws attention to the way some outdated building regulations and standards hamper design innovation in housing. This research ends up with a set of general principles for the co-design of affordable collaborative housing. These design principles may assist professionals supporting co-design and, more importantly, people who want to design, build and live in a collaborative manner.

Vernacular Architecture of a Rural Magar Settlement of Nepal: The Case of Taka, Putha Uttarganga Rural Municipality, East Rukum

The vernacular settlement of the Magar community in the Taka village of East Rukum are still lively, and represent the society, cultural and history of the place, which reflects the sustainable living pattern of a rural community. This study of Taka village clearly defines the geography, settlement pattern, community groups, settlement cluster, social structure, construction of dwelling and rituals. It further identifies the dwelling types and construction technology on the basis of three features: i. representation of each community, ii. Representation of each locality, and iii. Representation of variation in house form. The settlement pattern and dwelling form in a way represent the characteristics of social structure and life style in the sharing of spaces of the dwelling environment. The dwelling form, building materials and construction technology blends with the terrain profile and climate creating a harmonious settlement pattern with nature and society. There is also community awareness on the conservation of Taka rural settlement heritage which is the positive sign on maintaining the identity of the community and place.

MATH OBJECT IDENTIFICATION ON MATERIAL CULTURE ON THE ISLAND OF AMBON

Mathematics learning will be more interesting if aspects of the cultural context around students are involved. In this regard, the identification of cultural aspects of both material and non-material culture needs to be continuously carried out and integrated into learning. This research is an exploratory study to identify the material culture in villages in the Central Maluku district on Ambon Island. There are 3 (three) sub-districts in the administrative area of Central Maluku Regency located on Ambon Island. In each sub-district, one village was selected as a sample village, considering that (1) the village is a traditional village and (2) cultural objects are still well preserved. In the Leihitu sub-district, Negeri/Village Hila was selected; in the West Leihitu sub-district, Negeri/Village Allang was selected; and in the Salahutu sub-district, Negeri/Village Tulehu was selected. Data collection was done through observation and interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative. The identification process found that the material culture, in the form of traditional houses, bailey, forts, old churches, old mosques, fishing facilities, weaving, and food, is related to mathematical objects. Material culture can be a cultural context that is integrated into learning the concept of flat and spatial shapes