Form Of Financial Institutions Research Articles

WAQF, SHARIA VENTURE CAPITAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS: SOCIO-LEGAL CASES IN INDONESIA

The purpose of this article is to indicate that the development of venture waqf so far in Indonesia is still not optimal. It is due to several obstacles, mainly socio-legal and managerial problems. Hence efforts are needed to continue to develop the concept of sharia venture waqf to more accelerate and overcome those obstacles. One of the efforts is by integrating and collaborating with commercial financial institutions, including through Sharia venture financing which is one of the tools in the Islamic economic concept to solve investment problems. In turn, the paper provides and prescribes a reconstruction and innovation of a comprehensive understanding and workable frame of agenda to be implemented in order to revitalize sharia venture waqf as a feasible financial instrument. The result of this research is sharia venture capital company is a form of financial institution that can act as a legal entity that adopt the concept of cash waqf. It is hoped that the optimization of the development of venture waqf can be easily realized. Likewise, several obstacles such as legal protection of cash waqf, issues of socialization, human resources, management systems, and accountability will also be easier to solve with the concept of integration.

Bidang Hukum dalam Sistem Pembiayaan Modal Ventura

In reality, the main obstacle for small business actors is related to the problem of providing capital. To overcome this, the Government issued policies in the economic field, one of which was the government policy regarding the establishment of funding institutions as stipulated in the Presidential Regulation. One form of financial institution in question is Venture capital which is regulated in the Minister of finance regulation. As one of the companies engaged in the field of financing services, the approach is not only limited to the economy, but is also needed in the form of law. so that it can be recognized in the business world. Although the agreement is considered as the main legal source of venture capital in civil law, nevertheless, given its role in the field of financing services that many involve the public interest, its existence is also inseparable from the regulation of public law. This study aims to analyze whatever legal fields are involved in the Venture Capital financing system. While the problem in this research is what legal fields apply in the Venture Capital financing system. This research is a normative legal research, using primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The approach taken is by statute approach and conceptual approach. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the applicable law in the Venture Capital financing system is the field of civil law, specifically regarding the principle of freedom of contract and the provisions of the Civil Code and the field of public law.

Публічні фінанси та фінансовий менеджмент у публічній сфері: сутність понять, відмінні риси та особливості системних складових

У статті розкрито зміст поняття «публічні фінанси» через розширення рамок цієї категорії від традиційних відносин, які формують потоки фінансових ресурсів у межах бюджетної системи України до фінансових відносин, які передбачають взаємодію(партнерство) інших суб’єктів приватного та публічного секторів економіки на користь реалізації функцій держави. Зазначається, що усі суб’єкти фінансових відносин можуть діяти як у вітчизняному, так і у міжнародному правовому полі за умови обов’язкового та чіткого нормативно-законодавчого регламенту фінансової діяльності у публічній сфері. Досліджено зміст суміжних категорій, таких як «бюджетний менеджмент», «державний фінансовий менеджмент» та «публічний фінансовий менеджмент», доведена їхня відмінність через змістовну розрізненість публічних фінансів як об’єкта управління. Запропонована уточнена дефініція «фінансовий менеджмент у публічній сфері», яка дозволяє врегулювати питання фінансового менеджменту на всій площині публічної сфери та врахувати зазначені складові публічних фінансів як об’єкта управління. Доведена необхідність формування спеціального комплексного інструментарію реалізації функцій фінансового менеджменту у публічній сфері по відношенню до окремих суб’єктів фінансових відносин, які через рух фінансових ресурсів приймають участь у реалізації публічних функцій.

Why Danish credit co-operatives were so unimportant1

Denmark's credit co-operatives were introduced relatively late and were never as important to the Danish financial system as credit co-operatives in several similar European countries. This experience stands in contrast to the experience of other co-operative enterprises in Denmark, most notably co-operative creameries. We argue that the Danish experience does not reflect a lack of need for such institutions or an inability to adapt them to Danish conditions. Rather, in the 1860s rural Danish people had succeeded in adapting another form of financial institution, the savings bank, to serve the needs of the small borrowers who elsewhere were the main clientele of the credit co-operative. Thus much of the need for credit co-operatives had been satisfied by another institution. The Danish experience illustrates both the adaptability of financial institutions and the sensitivity of co-operatives to competition for their niche in the financial system.