Form Of Attraction Research Articles

The Attraction of Martapura Intan Market As A Tourist Object in Banjar District

Martapura Intan Market is a famous gem trading and polishing place in South Kalimantan. Intan Martapura Market, which used to be busy with visitors, is now starting to decrease because buyers' interest is decreasing and promotion and marketing strategies are not yet effective. In fact, Intan Market has aspects in the form of a tourist attraction, which if developed could make Martapura Intan Market a more popular tourist attraction in Banjar Regency. The aim of writing this article is to describe the attractiveness of Martapura Intan Market as a tourist attraction in Banjar Regency. This research uses a qualitative research approach with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques were carried out by conducting observations, interviews, documentation and literature studies. Data analysis uses data reduction techniques, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research describe that the attraction of Martapura Intan Market as a tourist attraction is in the aspects of cultural tourism and shopping tourism. Cultural tourism related to stone crafts which are processed into various forms and other shopping tourism related to traditional shopping centers that sell various kinds of gemstones and other products from Banjar Regency. Tourist attraction in the aspects of cultural tourism and shopping tourism is something that has an impact. If managed and developed well, Martapura Intan Market will become one of the popular tourist attractions in Banjar Regency.

Through the Lenses of Sexual Minorities in the Indian LGBTQ + Community: Perception of Social Equality and Community Support

Whether in the form of same-sex attraction or love, the history of same-sex relationships has been well documented in every culture across the globe. In India, evidence of the same can be found on the monolithic sculptures of the Vishvanath Temple in Khajuraho and texts like Mahabharata and Sushrata Samahita. The acceptance and openness enjoyed by the non-hetero-normative and non-cis-gender individuals in ancient India, changed after the nation’s colonization. In current times, mainstream society holds heterosexual intercourse as the norm while considering same-sex relationships as deviations. Same sex relationships are a highly stigmatized and garner objections from several religious and political sects. This social stigma and erasure becomes harsher when directed toward individuals with polysexual or asexual orientations. The lack of awareness and representations garners bisexuals, pansexuals and asexuals the status of sexual minorities within the LGBTQ + community. This study makes use of three focus group discussions to explore the perception of each sexual minority regarding social equality within the Indian LGBTQ + community and outside it, alongside trying to understand the community support received by the sexual minorities in the Indian LGBTQ + community. The study uses inductive thematic analysis to draw out themes. The results indicate a predominant feeling of being misunderstood, exploited, fetishized and alienated even within the LGBTQ + community while finding solace in their own sub-communities and the online community. The results also reveal feelings expectations held by individuals from each sexual minority in terms of their desired place in society.

WORKSHOP PENYUSUNAN SKRIPSI, PUBLIKASI ILMIAH DAN PEMBUATAN POSTER ILMIAH BAGI MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR JAKARTA GLOBAL UNIVERSITY

Enhancing the academic capabilities of senior-level students in higher education involves a series of pivotal tasks such as completing a thesis, publishing scholarly works, and creating scientific posters. However, the execution of these tasks still encounters several challenges, including limitations in academic writing skills, a restricted understanding of enhancing writing quality, as well as a deficiency in comprehending ethical writing aspects, such as avoiding plagiarism and employing proper citation methods. Moreover, there are challenges in embarking on the path toward publication and within the overall writing process. In this context, the purpose of organizing the workshop is to provide an in-depth understanding of essential elements within these three areas. This encompasses enhancing writing skills, enriching the understanding of ethical writing to mitigate instances of plagiarism, and ensuring accurate citation practices. Furthermore, it aids participants in grasping research requisites and guidelines, while elevating awareness of academic norms. Crafting a thesis necessitates an understanding of fundamental principles and established regulations, while scholarly writing involves formulating strategies and meticulously presenting research outcomes. The creation of scientific posters also plays a crucial role in effectively conveying research findings visually. This workshop offers practical guidance and training in these aspects, including elucidating formats, arranging layouts, and employing tools such as the Canva application. The outcomes of this workshop materialize in the form of attraction, enthusiasm, and a profound understanding among participants regarding thesis writing methods, scholarly work composition, and research poster presentations. Participants have mastered the use of the citation tool Mendeley, as well as the implementation of Canva in designing research posters. This workshop has been successfully conducted and serves as a platform to advance the academic careers of participants. The workshop is deemed successful to sharpen the skills and self-confidence of participants in thesis writing, precise citation utilization, and crafting scholarly writing effectively.

Dynamic behavior of skyrmion collision: spiral and breath

A magnetic skyrmion is a particle-like topological soliton, which is an ideal candidate for developing high-density storage and logic devices due to its nonvolatility and tunability. In view of the particle motion characteristics of skyrmion, different skyrmions in a material inevitably interact in the form of short-range repulsion and long-range attraction. In this work, the dynamic characteristics of skyrmion collision in a ferromagnetic Co thin film are investigated by using micromagnetic simulations. It is found that the dynamic behavior of skyrmion after collision is highly dependent on the size of the strip, the initial velocity of skyrmion and magnetic damping constant. For the collision of two skyrmions, when the strip width exceeds the critical value, the skyrmions form a pair and rotate counterclockwise in the form of spiral and breath. It is interesting that the rotation and breath of skyrmions keep the same periodicity under the negligible damping, and the frequency increases with the increase of the initial velocity of skyrmion. Further, the collision of a system of three skyrmions reveals that they interact in pairs to form closed periodic trajectories. The results of the present work not only give an insight into the multi-skyrmion dynamics, but also provide guidance for the development of spintronic devices based on multi-skyrmion motion.

Shanghai Fever: Speculation and spectatorship in the “hot noise” of postsocialist China

In China, re’nao or ‘hot noise’ is the experience of being immersed within an active crowd. Traditionally it is associated with festivals, markets, and temples. The participatory and embodied nature of re’nao puts it at odds with the gaze of the alienated, individual spectator, and indeed re’nao has been described by scholars in terms that directly oppose it to the structure of modern spectatorship. How can the medium of film be used to represent or evoke re’nao? Might re’ nao-­related works offer a ground for a critical or historical response to the advent of modern spectatorship? This paper examines the interplay between re’nao and spectatorship as it is dramatized by the mainland Chinese film, Shanghai Fever (股疯, 1994). The film documents the widespread speculation mania that followed the economic reforms and reinstitution of stock trading during the early 1990s, a pivotal moment in the development of postsocialism in China as state and society embraced the unfettered pursuit of private wealth. Serving as a key work of the economic imagination of its day, Shanghai Fever also represents a transformation in the regime of visuality thanks in part to its remediation of a new mass medium: the market ‘itself,’ as manifested in the system of stock price display screens ubiquitously installed across Shanghai and accompanied by the emergence of the new figure of the speculator-spectator. The co-arrival of finance capitalism along with an intensified form of spectatorship in everyday urban life is complicated by the de-stabilizing potential of re’nao, as the immersive social experience of heat and noise expose the irrationalities of the market and its alienating affects. I situate Shanghai Fever within a long tradition relating re’nao to the performativity of marketplaces to reveal the film’s deep ambivalence towards postsocialism. Moving beyond a thematic reading of re’nao’s role in the speculation mania of the early 1990s, I argue that film, by evoking re’nao in order to commodify it as entertainment, subverts the very structure of spectatorship upon which cinema depends. ‘Hot noise’ ultimately proves to be both a powerful form of cinematic attraction and anti-cinematic in its dispensation.

ПЛАНУВАННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article substantiates the necessity of developing an investment strategy of the enterprise. This is one of the conditions for the effective functioning of the enterprise, which is expressed in the improvement of product quality, reduction of total costs, expansion of the production base and, as a result, increase of competitiveness on the goods market. To achieve the above goals, it is necessary to carefully develop an investment strategy and constantly improve it. It is noted that the task of strategic planning is the development and substantiation of the company's development strategy in various markets, and the goal is to fix the source of obtaining financial resources, estimate the fee for use, taking into account the cost of their service. The stages of strategic planning of the enterprise's investment activity are defined and considered. The author points out that at the initial stage of strategic planning of the enterprise's investment activity, it is necessary to resolve the issue of the possibility of its implementation in general, at this enterprise, at this moment in time, in the near future. First of all, the success of the enterprise's activity, its profit, its capabilities, competitiveness, etc. depend on this. Having decided on the direction of investment activity and the necessary volume of investment resources, the identification and attraction of various sources of financing of real investments (investment projects) intended for implementation in both the short-term and long-term perspective is carried out. The next stage of strategic planning of the enterprise's investment activity is the rational choice of the form of capital attraction. That is, to use only equity capital or only loan capital for investment activities, or to find a rational ratio between the use of equity and loan capital. The main sources of investment financing are presented, the main groups of real investments are considered for the tasks to be solved. The advantages and disadvantages of various forms of financing the investment activities of the enterprise are determined. It is noted that a thorough assessment of the consequences of using various alternative schemes and forms of financing should be carried out during the strategic planning of investment activities.

Review of the rising and attaching movement at subdistrict of Kemang, Parung, and Ciseeng in Bogor district

The average level of vehicle ownership, number of students, working population, number of schools and the average family income can cause an increase in movement in the form of generation and attraction. The rise and pull of traffic on land use, especially in the Districts of Kemang, Parung and Ciseeng is one of the problems that often causes traffic jams during busy times in the morning and afternoon. To overcome these problems, the author opens an analysis of the generation and pull of the movement of traffic flow. The land use that will be analyzed to predict trip generation and attraction, namely the Hospital, Housing, Shopping Center, Office, Industry and Education Areas (SD, SMP and SMA/SMK/Private and Non-Private), while the classification of roads used are Arterial and Collectors located in Parung Subdistrict, Kemang Subdistrict and Ciseeng Subdistrict. Analysis of roads using 2017 MKJI and prediction of generation with ITE (Trip Generation Manual) and modeling with Saturn applications. Looking at the Existing Conditions at the study site for road network data, it can be concluded that the level of service at each entrance in the categories C and D, which means the value of C is a stable current and D is an unstable starting flow. The large number of trip generation and attraction at the study sites in three sub-districts namely Ciseeng, Parung and Kemang Subdistricts which included the education area, trading center or market, parks, and hospitals had a generation of 9,140 trip/hour and a Tug of 29,404 trip/hour. The design equation for transportation modeling in Ciseeng sub-district, Parung dang Kemang is Y = 94,565 + 1,015 (X).

Sikap Masyarakat Lokal Terhadap Pengembangan Desa Wisata Taro, Kecamatan Tegallalang, Kabupaten Gianyar

Taro is the one tourism village In Tegallalang subdistric, Gianyar Regency. In the development ofBali tourism, there ia saturation of moderen forms of tourism and want to feel and life in rudal areasmaking the development of tourism in rural areas which Will be packaged in the form of tourism.Tourism Villages in Bali have not all gone smoothly so that they still need help from stakeholder in termsof developing at tourist village. Taro village ia one of the tourist village that has a variety of wonderfulpotential in the form of attraction, as well as tourist attractions. The porpuse of this study was todetermine the existing conditions in Taro tourism village, Tegallalalng sub distric, and to find out theattitude of the local comunity in developing Taro tourism village, Tegallalalng sub distric.The research methodology used in this study ia qualitative research where this qualitative researchuses observation techniques, in depth interview and documentation studies. And using the concept of 4Atourism produce, components in formulating the existing condition of Taro tourism village.The result of the study show that the existing condition of Taro tourism village starting fromattractions, accessibility, fasilitas, and tourism supporting institutions are still in the developmentproccess, so that is requires collaboration between stakeholder d in developing Taro tourism village, andattitude of local comunities in developing Taro tourism village with using the irridex ( Irritation index)concept.Keywords: comunity attitudes, developing villages (irridex), tourism village.

Perception of sex in the attitude-behavior relationship in school violence. A qualitative study

School violence is currently a focus of social alarm that generates special interest in research, given its significant impact on the personal, social, school and family environments of children and adolescents. With regard to the prevention and intervention of this social phenomenon, the study of attitudes associated with violent behavior in the school context has been described as an important variable. This study aims to explore attitudes towards school violence, associated behaviors and the influence that the perceived sex could have on this relationship. The sample studied consists of 96 participants from Spanish Elementary Education and Compulsory Secondary Education schools. Through focus groups and thematic analysis of the data, a qualitative study of attitudes associated with violent behavior due to sex is carried out. Seven groups of attitudes were identified: a) associated with gender stereotypes; b) towards Intimate partner violence; c) as a form of attraction; d) as a way to socialize; e) as a way to increase self-esteem; f) as a form of fun, and g) when it is perceived as legitimate. These results could serve as a basis for the creation of evaluation instruments, as well as for the design of prevention and psychological intervention plans based on attitude modification.

Directions of improvement of efficiency of judicial expertise in cases concerning objects of intellectual property

Key words: effectiveness of judicial expertise, expert conclusion, improvement of the legislative framework of judicial expertise, training and retraining of the staff of judicial experts, assessment of the expert's conclusion by the court
 The article is devoted to the question of determining directions of increase in effectiveness of judicial examination of violated rights on objects of intellectual property. The essence of the concept "effectiveness of judicial expertise" is revealed, which can be used for the processes of judicial expertise considering the peculiarities of intellectual property objects, and it is emphasized that in legal practice the concept "effectiveness" has no purpose of defining the value of processes and technologies. It is noted that the effectiveness of judicial expertise is determined by the following components: ensuring rational and effective organization of judicial expertise; ensuring the validity, permissibility, reliability, completeness and objectivity of the provided expert opinion; improvement of the regulatory framework; organization of basic training of experts in the field of intellectual property. It is shown that the effectiveness ofjudicial experts in the field of intellectual property directly depends on the quality of special legislation. Thus, special industrial property laws have not solved a number of problems that can be identified only in the process of law enforcement, in particular, during the conduct of judicial and expert research.A well-grounded proposition that the effectiveness of the expert examinations in cases of intellectual property objects can be enhanced by more active involvement of experts in the field of science, technology, art, crafts, etc., who are not qualified judicialexperts. At that, the most effective form of such attraction may be the order of conducting examination of the commission in the composition of the specialist in the relevant industry and the certified expert of the respective specialty.It is also proved that such factors as judges’ workload, their experience, presence of additional training (education), presence or absence of specialization in this kind of judicial activity influence the completeness and comprehensiveness assessment of the litigation proceeding. The hope was expressed that the creation and commencement of the work of the High specialized Court on Intellectual Property issues will have a positive impact on the effectiveness of judicial expertise in this branch.

Steven Cohen’s Performance Artwork, Ugly Girl at the Rugby: Confronting Heteronormativity and Heteropatriarchy

The author argues that Steven Cohen’s Ugly Girl at the Rugby communicates the denunciation of heteropatriarchy, including normative society’s regard for sexual binaries. In this way, the dominion of heteropatriarchy over sexual minority groups, for example homosexuals, is challenged. The author highlights that Cohen presents himself as a queer formation, nonconforming to Western society’s heterosexual yardsticks. The article further postulates that, with this artwork, Cohen opposes heteronormativity, heterosexuality and heteropatriarchy, therefore questioning the cultural view that heterosexuality represents the only standard and acknowledged type of sexuality. In addition, from the context of queer studies, the author hypothesises that heterosexual society accepts sexuality’s focus on biology, and that individuals’ only suitable form of sexual attraction is founded on the opposite sex. This belief is opposed by analysing the principles by Butler, Sedgwick and Foucault who suggest that sexuality is a social construct and that collective motivations affect gender and sexual distinctiveness more substantially than biology. A significant finding is that Ugly Girl at the Rugby positions queer performance as a dispute medium to provoke a distinct response among the participants, such as setting up anxiety through enticing them to relate with and respond to the artwork. Cohen manages to turn spectators unintentionally into artists themselves, playing the roles of heteropatriarchal males. While doing this, he exhibits gender as a performance based on collective norms.

Russian Territories of Outrunning Development in Mono-Cities: Current and Prospective Opportunities for Foreign Investment into Manufacturing

The paper describes a new form of investment attraction recently introduced in Russia—territories of outrunning socio-economic development (TOSEDs). These initiatives provide tax and other benefits to 20 territories in the Far East and to 90 cities in which a considerable number of jobs are concentrated in a single factory (mono-cities). Using secondary sources and interviews, we present the initial legislation for TOSEDs, the evolution of the initial legislation, and the functioning of TOSED residents. We also identify several opportunities for foreign investors who have installed or intend to install their new manufacturing facilities in TOSEDs.

Identification of tourism potentials in Ancient Bathing Sites of Pasuruan, Indonesia

Penanggungan Mount keeps a million relics with their respective historical stories. One of them is patirtan or ancient bathing site of Pasuruan, it calls the Patirtan Belahan. This historical site better known as Sumber Tetek (breast) by the surrounding community. This historical site is located at the foot of Mount Penanggungan and as one form of a tourist attraction with three functions at once. Patirtan Belahan is an evidence that in this local area of the site was the territory of one of the kingdoms in the archipelago. Patirtan Belahan is still preserved by the community and widely introduced. The uses and functions of these temples also vary, both as tourism destinations, educational fields, and even religious activities. The purpose of this research is to find out the function of Patirtan Belahan in three fields, namely as a tourist spot, historical edification, and also religion as the main points of our study. Our research also seeks to reveal how the site is one of the mainstays in the Belahan Jowo - Wonosunyo Village, Gempol. In one tourism place, there are three functions at the same time that can enrich tourist insight, of course, this can be a separate focus that can attract tourists as well as its benefits for stakeholders who are directly related to the Patirtan Belahan site. The method used for this study are observation, interview and also library research. This study used a qualitative approach because it is descriptive and tends to be analytical.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НЕФОРМАЛЬНИХ ФОРМ ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ АГРАРНИМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАМИ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВОГО СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА

The article describes the essence and investigated state of innovative provision of agricultural enterprises through the use of informal forms of investment. The state of new technologies and innovative solutions for the improvement of production and economic activity of economic entities is analyzed. Strengths and weaknesses of innovations introduction by agro-forming are investigated. The positive economic effect taking into account all the positive and negative factors that an entity may encounter when applying innovations in production and economic activity is presented. The state of digital technologies introduction as one of the mechanisms by which the introduction of the latest technologies has a positive impact on the efficiency, effectiveness, cost and quality of production and economic activity of the enterprise is analyzed. It is proved that digitalization for agro-formations is an industrial platform that enables creation of high-tech production, modernization of processes by means of information-communicational and digital technologies. The meaning of one form of informal attraction of investment funds through business angel investors is described in the article. Five types of business angel investors most commonly found in practice are revealed: entrepreneurial, professional, corporate, enthusiasts, micromanagers. The ways and criteria by which business angel investors select an entity to finance its business are identified. The most successful projects that have received investment from business angels and turned into the largest corporations in the world are described. For agribusiness, the introduction of innovations contributes to increasing productivity, reducing costs, increasing production volumes, saving resources (material, labor, financial, intellectual), so the priority for agricultural enterprises is the search for opportunities and the active implementation of innovative development results in their production activities on the basis of introduction of digital technologies, while attracting informal forms of investment.

Black Metal Istiqomah Dakwah "Hitam" di Media Sosial

Media supporting da'wah is not only limited to the pulpit of the mosque but has come in contact with modern communication technology, especially the use of the internet. This ease has an impact on the number of users from social media who actively share da'wah content so that it becomes viral. Another da'wah phenomenon that attracted the attention of researchers was the 'black' da'wah uploaded on social media by the Black Metal Istiqomah account through both social media Facebook and Instagram. On Instagram, this account has the name of the shadow Al-Varokah Nur Vahalla with followers of more than 16 thousand and the number of posts as many as 179. Researchers discuss further uploaded by this account and view it from the point of view of visual communication using theories that have been tested and use qualitative methods. There are several visual techniques used in Black Metal Istiqomah including; shading techniques, Dussel techniques, pointillary techniques, collage techniques and dry techniques. Work in the form of; comic stip, prayer illustration, typography made with the shape and style of Black metal music. In conclusion, the style of Black metal that is used only as an artistic form of attraction in order to create different nuances in conveying da'wah messages to young people has nothing to do with the heretical and negative schools which have been attached to Black metal music.

MOTIVE AS THE HIGHEST FORM OF NEEDFUL AROUSAL

The definition of motive is considered. The research is based on the information and mathematical approach. The method is based on comparing two types of information available to the decision-maker. Firstly, it is the prognostic information on all means necessary for successful achievement of the goal; secondly, it is the pragmatic information on the means available for this purpose actually. Information has a numerical measure, and thus can be mathematized. Motivation is defined as mental activity to set a goal, formulate a motive and create a program of actions aimed at meeting the need. In the process of motivation the need passes through the stages of a hidden, objectified, specified and actualized need. Ultimately, it becomes an active need. These stages correspond to a needful arousal in the form of attraction, impulse, desire and intention, respectively. Intention turns into a motive that becomes a needful arousal that accompanies an active (motivated) need. The result of motivation is an integral formation called a binary relationship "motive-goal". It is shown that motive does not exist as a separate mental essence. It can be considered only within the framework of this binary relation. The analysis of the motivational process leads to the following definition: motive is the highest form of needful arousal that meets the actual need.

Peran Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat

Village tourism is an alternative form of tourism that presents the beauty of nature, social life and culture, it offers direct interaction with the local community as a form of tourist attraction offered. However, in practice, community is not fully involved in the process of village tourism development hence the community is not benefited from the village tourism. On the basis of existing problems, this article is intended to explain the importance of community involvement in village tourism development. This research is a qualitative study using a library research approach. The results show that the village tourism will be going to succeed if the community is being involved in the whole process. The community should be placed into 2 (two) roles at once, namely the community as the subject that has the right to determine the direction of village tourism development. Secondly, the community as an object where the goal of increasing community welfare is a priority in the village tourism development.Keywords: Village Tourism, Community, Empowerment, Development.

Building Community By Breaking Out

Location: Dewberry Hall Students today expect to be actively engaged as part of the learning process. They want the opportunity to develop skills required by their future employers, such as problem-solving, collaboration, and building community. Since 2007, escape rooms have become increasingly popular as a form of entertainment and tourist attraction across the globe (Kolar, 2017). Escape rooms engage teams of players in discovering clues, solving puzzles, and accomplishing tasks toward a specific goal in a limited amount of time (Nicholson, 2015). More recently, educators have recognized escape rooms as a game-based learning strategy with the potential to encourage learners “to think differently, unconventionally, and from a new perspective” (Wiemker, Elumir, & Clare, 2015, p. 55). Research indicates that escape games have the potential to build skills such as collaboration, communication, problem-solving, critical thinking, leadership, listening, conflict resolution, and varied social dynamics (Pan, Lo, & Neustaedter, 2017). Additionally, escape rooms can be themed and address any content area, making them appropriate for classroom settings. To capitalize on the escape room model in education, Breakout EDU developed an immersive learning games platform with access to open source materials to support the creation of classroom escape challenges and scenarios for learners of any age. Breakout EDU also developed and sells physical escape kits, or breakout boxes, that include a variety of components such as reprogrammable locks and multilocks, UV lights, invisible ink pens, and a locking box to simulate an escape room environment. The escape room model has gained momentum in P-12 settings (Chambers, 2018), but use in Higher Education is less evident. As teacher educators, we were first introduced to Breakout EDU at a conference on information technology and teacher education where we participated in several escape challenges and experienced the skills promised in the literature on escape rooms. We implemented Breakout EDU challenges in our own practice with similar responses from our students, particularly related to team-building, engagement, and social dynamics. In this workshop, we provide an opportunity for attendees to participate in a team-based Breakout EDU adventure to unlock the promise of escape rooms for Higher Education. Participants will learn how to integrate game-based learning, through the use of Breakout EDU, into their courses. They will become familiar with the resources available and will discuss ideas for how Breakout EDU can be used in their subject matter.

Konsekwencje przekształcania elementów krajobrazu w atrakcje turystyczne

<p>Stały, dynamiczny rozwój turystyki powoduje poszukiwanie coraz to nowych miejsc i obiektów, które mogą stać się atrakcyjne dla turystów. Duże możliwości stwarza wykorzystanie krajobrazu i jego elementów, ale kreowanie atrakcji turystycznych tego typu powoduje zróżnicowane konsekwencje, które coraz częściej mają charakter negatywny. Atrakcje turystyczne mogą dominować w krajobrazie, a z czasem stać się (pozytywnym lub negatywnym) symbolem danego miejsca czy obszaru. Modyfi kacja istniejącego krajobrazu może zarówno zwiększyć jego atrakcyjność turystyczną, jak i (co dzieje się częściej) spowodować zmniejszenie jego atrakcyjności dla turystów. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na coraz częstsze wykorzystanie elementów krajobrazu w procesie kreowania atrakcji turystycznych oraz identyfi kacja konsekwencji tego procesu. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy i z metodologicznego punktu widzenia największą rolę w jego powstaniu odegrały metody badań terenowych: obserwacja, obserwacja uczestnicząca, doświadczanie atrakcji i dokumentacja fotografi czna. Rezultatem rozważań nad skutkami podejmowanych przekształceń związanych z turystycznym rozwojem atrakcji turystycznych jest próba ich klasyfi kacji i egzemplifi kacja.</p>

Not clearly defined, not reliably measured, and not replicable: Revisiting the definition and measurement of human mate poaching

Schmitt and Buss' (2001) seminal definition of poaching labelled it as “behavior intended to attract someone who is already in a romantic relationship.” Davies, Shackelford, and Hass' (2007) definition stated that to be considered a poach, the targeted individual's relationship must be exclusive and the pursuer must be aware of this at the time. Davies et al. found percentages reporting experience with poaching among their participants were lower than percentages found by Schmitt and Buss among their participants. To investigate whether these differences in percentages were due to differences between the two samples, the current study was the first to compare percentages reporting experience with poaching secured through the different definitions in a single sample. Findings indicated no differences in percentages secured through the different definitions. Discussion argues, however, that as Schmitt and Buss' definition may be perceived as denoting the form of attraction denoted by Davies et al.'s definition as well as two other forms of attraction, findings may be reliable only if researchers secure individual findings for each form of attraction denoted by Schmitt and Buss' definition. In addition, researchers should reach a consensus regarding which of the forms of attraction denoted by Schmitt and Buss' definition constitutes poaching.