Utilization Of Forest Resources Research Articles

The management model for sugar palm in educational forest of Universitas Hasanuddin

The Educational Forest of Hasanuddin University (Unhas-edfor) is an asset that must be utilizet optimally in order to support the utilization and management of forest resources over a wider area. The palm sugar species has long been cultivated from generation to generation by people at and around the forest, and is a source of income that is quite meaningful for them. This research aims to assess the potential of non-timber product, especially palm sugar product and formulate the management for sugar palm species and its product in Unhas-Edfor. The research method used is a field survey method and data analysis is using a qualitative analysis approach. The results of the study indicated that the palm sugar production in 3 vilages, that became the study location, namely Rompegading, Limampoccoe and Labuaja, was quite varied. The highest total net income was found in Moncongjai Hamlet (Rompegading Village) as much as IDR.28,935,000,- with a total production of 1,640 packages and the lowest in the Jambua Hamlet (Limampoccoe Village) as much as IDR.215,000,-with a total production of 50 packages. The total net income in each hamlet is different depending on the amount of processed sugar production which tends to vary and the number of farmers producing products from palm trees. The sustainability model for the development and management of sugar palm and its derivative products in the Unhas-edfor is carried out through community empowerment activities, the formation and strengthening of farmer group institutions together with the management of the Unhas-edfor, village and district governments, related agencies, and banks as owners capital in terms of cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest, to the processing and marketing of results so that sugar palm and its products provide optimal results.

Automatic Tree Detection from Three-Dimensional Images Reconstructed from 360° Spherical Camera Using YOLO v2

It is important to grasp the number and location of trees, and measure tree structure attributes, such as tree trunk diameter and height. The accurate measurement of these parameters will lead to efficient forest resource utilization, maintenance of trees in urban cities, and feasible afforestation planning in the future. Recently, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been receiving considerable attention, compared with conventional manual measurement techniques. However, it is difficult to use LiDAR for widespread applications, mainly because of the costs. We propose a method for tree measurement using 360° spherical cameras, which takes omnidirectional images. For the structural measurement, the three-dimensional (3D) images were reconstructed using a photogrammetric approach called structure from motion. Moreover, an automatic tree detection method from the 3D images was presented. First, the trees included in the 360° spherical images were detected using YOLO v2. Then, these trees were detected with the tree information obtained from the 3D images reconstructed using structure from motion algorithm. As a result, the trunk diameter and height could be accurately estimated from the 3D images. The tree detection model had an F-measure value of 0.94. This method could automatically estimate some of the structural parameters of trees and contribute to more efficient tree measurement.

Determinants of successful collective management of forest resources: Evidence from Kenyan Community Forest Associations

The collective participation of local communities in the management and utilization of forest resources is now widely accepted as a possible solution to the failure of centralized, top-down approaches to forest conservation. Under such initiatives, communities in Kenya have organized themselves into Community Forest Associations (CFAs). Despite the proliferation of CFAs, forest conservation outcomes have been mixed. Little is known about the factors that influence the success of collective action in forest conservation. Using data from 518 households and 22 CFAs within the Mau forest conservancy, this study employed regression techniques to analyze factors that influence household participation in CFA activities. Further, the study investigated the determinants of successful collective action, as measured by the percentage of forest cover and the number of reported cases of vandalism of forest resources. The relationship between household participation and success of collective action was also established. Collective action is more successful where household participation is high, the associations are initiated by the communities themselves, the associations interact frequently with government departments, and the forest cover is low, among other factors. The factors that influence the level of household participation are also identified.

Analysis on net primary productivity change of forests and its multi–level driving mechanism – A case study in Changbai Mountains in Northeast China

It is significant to clarify the driving mechanism of the forest ecosystem changes at different scales in Northeast China with serious forest degradation. With Changbai Mountains in Northeast China as the study area, this study integrated multi–source data to explore the spatio–temporal changes of Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and its spatial agglomeration patterns, and probed its multi–level driving mechanism based on the Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM). The results showed the overall NPP in the study area had a gradual declining trend from southeast to northwest from 2001 to 2015. Besides, the ecological risk regions, including Low-Low (L–L) and High–Low (H–L) cluster types, expanded from 27.56% during 2001–2008 to 28.21% during 2008–2015, suggesting the local departments should focus on optimizing these regions and strengthen the construction of complex forests with large age differences to make the ecological environment healthier. In addition, results from the HLM suggested that key driving factors, e.g., the precipitation and vegetation coverage rate, had significant promoting effects on NPP at the grid scale. Whereas the soil organic matter content, distance to the highway, irrigation rate, percentage of the disaster area had significant inhibitory effects (p<0.01) on ecological environment at the watershed scale. Finally, the increase of the total investment in ecological engineering might directly promote the ecological recovery at the county scale. Those results could provide a reasonable scientific basis for the rational development and utilization of regional forest resources, and sustainable socio–economic development.

Study on Modeling Method of Forest Tree Image Recognition Based on CCD and Theodolite

Forest vegetation is the main body that constitutes forest resources. Accurate identification of the types of forest trees can lay the foundation for the research and utilization of forest resources. With the development of remote sensing technology, traditional optical remote sensing can only describe the horizontal pattern of ground features, which makes it difficult to identify single tree species. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the method of forest tree image recognition. This article mainly studies the forest image recognition system based on CCD and theodolite. In this article, the forest image recognition system based on CCD and theodolite uses near, middle, and far CCD cameras to detect the infrared radiation of the target and collect the target image. The image processing algorithm is designed for the image processing module, and the flow chart of the image processing algorithm is given. The processing function has designed the interface of the image processing module. The image processing module can extract the main information of the target from simple background and complex background. In this article, an experimental optical path is built, the forest image recognition simulation platform is verified, and the data obtained from the experiment is processed. The implemented color detection algorithm can achieve a detection accuracy rate of more than 91% for forest tree image recognition detection. The test results show that the image acquisition, transmission and display functions of the camera system realized by this subject are normal, and the system can achieve accurate recognition of the target.

Community Involvement in Forest Resource Utilization: Case Study of Rural Communities in Japan and Indonesia

Community Involvement in Forest Resource Utilization: Case Study of Rural Communities in Japan and Indonesia

Evaluation of Fuel Wood Consumption and Its Implication to Forest Degradation in Agarfa Wereda, South-Eastern Ethiopia

This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating fuel wood consumption and its implication to forest degradation in Agarfa wereda. The study has employed purposive sampling technique, in which four kebeles were selected based on their settlement patterns, exploitation of the forests and their proximity of kebeles to the town and forest lands. As a result, 134 households were nominated using the simple random techniques. The study utilized primary data, which were collected through household’s questionnaires, checklists, and participant observations. Results revealed that about 12 mostly preferred tree species were recorded and identified for fuel wood production. the total amounts' fuel woods consumed by the households were estimated at 65.14m 3 (39,084kg/years). The multiple linear regressions' model was employed. Occupation, household’s family members and time spent for fuel wood collection significantly positive linear relationship with fuel wood consumption at (p <0.05). From the result, fuel woods were to be the second cause of forest degradation next to Agricultural land expansion. The struggles for forest resource's utilization by agricultural households are not adequate to mitigate the problem of forest in spite of some efforts on part of governmental and nongovernmental organizations in mobilizing the household towards forest conservation. In order to confirm sustain sources of fuel wood it is recommended that the use of improved cooking stoves, providing environmental education, increasing income of households, tree planting, encouraged grooviest farming system, providing an alternative form of energy, strengthening law enforcement on part of the government on those who illegally and indiscriminately exploit forest's products, will encouragingly be reducing down the impact of forest degradation and socio-economic conditions of livelihoods of households of study area. Keywords : Deforestation, Forest degradation, Fuel wood consumption, Household DOI : 10.7176/JRDM/62-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2020

Study on the Construction Planning of Forest Products Industry in Cangwu County Based on the Principles of Green Development and Circular Economy

Forest products industry is a green industry and a sunrise industry. As the largest green economy, it plays an important role in effectively alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of wood, realizing the sustainable utilization of forest resources and realizing the development goal of circular economy. It has played a positive role in improving the ecological environment, promoting industrial agglomeration, promoting the development of related industries, and maintaining wood safety. Through scientific and technological innovation driven and industrial agglomeration, a forest products industrial cluster area integrating production and manufacturing, scientific and technological research and development, exhibition and sales will be built in Cangwu county. To strengthen and expand forest industry in Guangxi province, the level of resource utilization has been significantly enhanced, the product quality has been greatly improved, and the industrial chain has been further extended. Efforts should be made to develop the downstream furniture, wooden door, and wood flooring manufacturing industry, and also to improve the industrial scale, standardization and intensification, to strengthen the industrial innovation system, to establish the industrial chain led by leading enterprises, to create a tree shaped industrial structure, as well as to establish coordinated development. We should exhibit the modern industrial system, build the forest industry into the pillar industry of Cangwu County, turn the green water and green mountains into gold and silver mountains, and build the concentration area into the national forestry industry demonstration park in China.

Perception of Local Community of Pinogu Toward Forest and Its Utilization

This study was aimed to obtain the Pinogu local peoples’s perception of the forest for their lives and to identification of forest resources utilization. Pinogu is a Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park’s enclave. The research was conducted in 2017 at Pinogu Sub-district which included five villages there are Bangiyo, Pinogu Induk, Pinogu Permai, Tilongibila and Dataran Hijau. Data collected with survey method by interviewing 150 respondents from five villages. Data was analyzed using, Likert Scale, Kendall Tau Correlation test and descriptive qualitative. Overall, the results showed forest perception in Pinogu’s local peoples was in fairly good category with value 79.69 from 40 - 100 and influenced by position in village communities variable. The local peoples utilized the forest resources inculdes hard wood, rattan, medicinal plants, wild animals, forest fruits, forest mushrooms, honey. This forest resources obtained from the forests around Pinogu and inside area of Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park.

Perception of Local Community of Pinogu Toward Forest and Its Utilization

This study was aimed to obtain the Pinogu local peoples’s perception of the forest for their lives and to identification of forest resources utilization. Pinogu is a Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park’s enclave. The research was conducted in 2017 at Pinogu Sub-district which included five villages there are Bangiyo, Pinogu Induk, Pinogu Permai, Tilongibila and Dataran Hijau. Data collected with survey method by interviewing 150 respondents from five villages. Data was analyzed using, Likert Scale, Kendall Tau Correlation test and descriptive qualitative. Overall, the results showed forest perception in Pinogu’s local peoples was in fairly good category with value 79.69 from 40 - 100 and influenced by position in village communities variable. The local peoples utilized the forest resources inculdes hard wood, rattan, medicinal plants, wild animals, forest fruits, forest mushrooms, honey. This forest resources obtained from the forests around Pinogu and inside area of Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park. Keywords: Bogani Nani Wartabone, enclave, forest, Pinogu, perception

Konflik Sosial Suku Anak Dalam (Orang Rimba) di Provinsi Jambi

This article aims to explore the social conflicts in the utilization of natural resources of the Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba tribes. The purpose of this study is to find out the cause of social conflict that occurred. The research method used is a qualitative method based on literature studies and interviews as well as the accumulation of understanding from various primary studies conducted on the Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba community. The results of this study are, first, there are differences in perceptions regarding regional claims between the state, companies, surrounding villagers, as well as Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba. Secondly, there is a conflict of interest in the utilization of forest resources that were previously home to the Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba tribes. Third, there is competition in the use of forest resources. Fourth, it is a dilemma for Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba in the midst of the development of the times, where they have lived for a long time, and have collided with policies that are oriented towards group interests. This study is expected to be able to provide an overview of the conflicts and to provide solutions to the rights and survival of the Suku Anak Dalam or Orang Rimba communities.

An assessment of recreational value of Color-leaf forest in Bipeng Valley Scenic Spot

This study uses the travel cost method (TCM) and the tourism market demand curve to evaluate the recreational value of the Color-leaf forest resources in Bipeng Valley Scenic Spot at the first time, which contributes to the utilization and management of the Color-leaf forest resources, and also discusses the importance and value of forestry resources. The results show that the research value of the research and development of the Color-leaf forest resources was 1567.48 million Yuan, which is 13 times the actual income of the Bipeng Valley Scenic Spot. It means scenic spot should avoid idle resources, improve its product mix and protect the Color-leaf forest resources to realize the sustainable use of forest resources of arid and semi-arid area of sichuan province.

Using model forests as a form of balanced forestry in Ukraine

Abstract The relevance of the research topic is prompted by the need to improve the practical instruments of forest management and make them in line with the principles of sustainable development. The research is aimed at facilitating the implementation of environmental, social and economic functions of forest ecosystems in a long-term perspective. The study made use of the following methods: systemic structural analysis, clustering and comparative analysis to identify groups of administrative areas that correspond to certain strategic areas of sustainable forestry. The research is based on cybernetic modeling which helps determining the strategic zones of sustainable forestry. The stages of creating model forests were defined alongside formulating economic, organizational, social and environmental aspects of forest management. The methodology envisages grouping of administrative districts on the basis of a number of factors, including the percentage of forest land, social and economic indicators prompted. The methodology was implemented when analysing official data from several administrative districts in the Zhytomyr region. Several scenarios of sustainable forestry were detailed for each group of administrative districts. Three strategic options were pursued: 1) preserving the viability of forest ecosystems in Ukraine, 2) contributing to the welfare of Ukrainians, 3) ensuring economic development of the forestry sector. It follows from the research that the model forest is a powerful form of cost-effective business interaction in the process of sustainable development that shall bring into action the conservation of nature, provision of comfortable living conditions for territorial communities as well as the most capital-productive utilization of forest resources.

Assessment of Forest Resource Exploitation in the Rural Communities of District Jhelum, Pakistan

18 October, 2019 Accepted: 25 October, 2019Abstract: Forest resources are deteriorating and experiencing decline around the globe due to unsustainable use andover exploitation. The present study was an attempt to determine the relationship between human activities, forestresource utilization, extraction methods and practices of forest resource exploitation in the district Jhelum of Pakistan.For this purpose, primary sources of data were used which were collected from 8 villages through structuredquestionnaire and tabulated in Microsoft Excel 365 and SPSS 22 was used for multiple linear regression analysis. Theresults revealed that farming, wood cutting, animal husbandry and agro-forestry were the major occupations in thestudy area. Most commonly used resources included timber 26%, fuelwood 25% and fodder 19%. Methods used forresource extraction included gathering 49%, plucking 34% trapping 11% and cutting 6%. Population growth, increaseddemand of fuelwood and land conversion were the main reasons behind forest degradation. Results for multiple linearregression revealed that Forest based activities, sources of energy production, methods used for wood harvesting andresource extraction and use of fuelwood for energy production contributed significantly towards extensive forestresource exploitation with p value &lt;0.5 within the study area. The study suggests that effective measures should betaken by forest department to control the unsustainable use of forest resources by stringent management interventionsand awareness campaigns in Jhelum district.

Assessment of Forest Resource Exploitation in the Rural Communities of District Jhelum, Pakistan

18 October, 2019 Accepted: 25 October, 2019Abstract: Forest resources are deteriorating and experiencing decline around the globe due to unsustainable use andover exploitation. The present study was an attempt to determine the relationship between human activities, forestresource utilization, extraction methods and practices of forest resource exploitation in the district Jhelum of Pakistan.For this purpose, primary sources of data were used which were collected from 8 villages through structuredquestionnaire and tabulated in Microsoft Excel 365 and SPSS 22 was used for multiple linear regression analysis. Theresults revealed that farming, wood cutting, animal husbandry and agro-forestry were the major occupations in thestudy area. Most commonly used resources included timber 26%, fuelwood 25% and fodder 19%. Methods used forresource extraction included gathering 49%, plucking 34% trapping 11% and cutting 6%. Population growth, increaseddemand of fuelwood and land conversion were the main reasons behind forest degradation. Results for multiple linearregression revealed that Forest based activities, sources of energy production, methods used for wood harvesting andresource extraction and use of fuelwood for energy production contributed significantly towards extensive forestresource exploitation with p value &lt;0.5 within the study area. The study suggests that effective measures should betaken by forest department to control the unsustainable use of forest resources by stringent management interventionsand awareness campaigns in Jhelum district.

Forest melliferous resources as a sustainable development factor of beekeeping

The management of beekeeping on forest lands is a vivid manifestation of the multifunctional use of forests, which is based on its target cultivation. The work shows the development of beekeeping, identifies factors affecting the sustainable development of this industry, sets priorities for increasing the efficiency of utilization of forest honey resources of the Southern Urals, including the main melliferous - Tilia cordata Mill. The nature and characteristics of the influence of weather and climatic factors on the growth of bee colonies, their physiological state, composition, age representation of natural melliferous woody plants, the onset dates and the duration of their flowering were determined. It was found that, of the silvicultural and inventory indicators, the composition and age, density and type of forest most strongly influence the yield of honey. The activities of forest care are close to them in terms of importance. A system of organizational measures has been proposed, through which high efficiency of using forest feed resources and sustainable development of beekeeping can be achieved: keeping an optimal number of bee colonies in an apiary - up to 150 hives, based on providing one bee colony of 50-60 thousand individuals with at least 130 kg of nectar; the location of apiaries in the 3-kilometer zone of growth of forest melliferous plants, taking into account the productive emergence of bees in the 2.5-3.0 km; establishing clear nomadic routes based on a geobotanic inventory of forest and agricultural melliferous plants. Increasing the target indicator - the nectar productivity of forests without a gap in their use both in space and in time - can be achieved by growing multi-tiered forests of different age from Tilia cordata Mill.

Perceived Effects of Farmer Participation in Utilization and Conservation of Forest Resources in Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State

This study assessed the perceived effects of farmer participation in utilization and conservation of forest resources in Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State. Data were collected from 150 farmers randomly selected, using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using both descriptive (percentages, frequencies and means) and inferential statistics (multiple linear regression). Result of the analysis indicated a low participation of farmers in forest conservation. The farmers however, had a positive perception on the fact that community participation in forest conservation increases job opportunities ( 4.65) and reduces poverty (4.16). Result of the linear regression analysis revealed that age had a negative (-0.009142: p &lt; 0.01) and significant relationship with farmers’ perceived effect of community participation in utilization and conservation of forest resources, while household size (0.0169081: p &lt; 0.05), education (0.0503444: p &lt; 0.1) and farm size (0.1228889: p &lt; 0.1) all had positive and significant relationships with farmers’ perceived effects of community participation in utilization and conservation of forest resources. It was concluded that farmers’ participation in conservation of the forest was very low. The need for sensitization of the farmers on the importance of participation in forest conservation by all the stakeholders was recommended.

Transforming Forestry Education for Better Job Prospects

Every year, nearly 1500 graduates in B Sc (Forestry) pass out from different colleges/universities across India, who are well trained in the sustainable management and utilization of forest resources in the country. However, the challenge is the unavailability of provisions for their direct recruitment in the field of forestry, specially in the State and Central Forest Services, when they are getting education which is equivalent to the curricula of training courses of the Indian Forest Service officers. When the nation is deeply devoted to improving its forest cover in order to fulfil the commitment given to UNFCCC of reducing the CO 2 emission and enhancing carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation along with extracting more from available renewable resources, proper management and sustainable utilization of forest resources is inevitable. So, the potential of these forestry graduates can be well utilized by enabling some structural reforms in the existing recruitment policy of the State and Central Forest Services by providing them job reservation and/or preference in forest and allied sectors, which will also justify the professional education and training provided to them.

Environmental impact of women exploitation of forest resources in some forest reserves in Osun State, Nigeria

Loss of forest resources in Nigeria is between 2.6% and 3.5% per annum. Thus, an investigation on the effects of utilization of forest resources by women in five forest reserves, namely; Oba Hill, Ago-Owu, Shasha, Ife Native and Ikeji-Ipetu Forest Reserves in Osun State was conducted. Five hundred questionnaires were administered across the five locations at an average of one hundred per study area. Focus Group Discussions were also carried out as data quality control measure. Data analysis adopted tabulation, frequency distribution and percentages. The results across the five locations showed that the total proportion of live woody forest products collected was 19.0% higher than 14.8% of dry woody forest products collected with FGDs revealing that 87.2% did not bother about replanting. The implication of these findings is that more land areas were opened up to direct run-off and solar radiation through the cutting and collection of live trees, the situation suggesting that forest degradation is on course in the area with no interest in replacing trees removed among the respondents. It is therefore, recommended that alternative sources of energy should be introduced and made available to the women in the study area to minimise forest trees removal and to avert energy source-related crisis. Also, appropriate legislation should be put in place to protect the forest from further depletion and women are enlightened on environmental degradation caused by forest live trees removal.

Integrating biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services into operational plan of community forest in Nepal : status and gaps

After initiation of community forestry system in Nepal, the status of forest cover has improved due to significant roles of people in conservation, management and utilization of forest resources. As a result of increased productivity of the forest and restoration of degraded areas, forest users have been able to receive various economic, social, cultural and environmental benefits to strengthen their livelihood. Despite many positive outcomes of community forestry, there are still some factors which haven’t allowed the proper biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services maintenance. The study carried out on 100 operational plans from different parts of the country and it showed that the incorporation status of biodiversity and ecosystem services into community forest operational plan is worse despite the fact that such plan is the main component to lead the destination of any community forest. In addition to this, some gaps and challenges were observed in community forestry which have not favoured to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services management systematically at an optimum level. Among them, duplication problem of biodiversity and ecosystem services related issues in operational plan; timber oriented operational plan; limited provision about wildlife conservation and negative perception of people on wildlife and their conservation owing to human wildlife conflict; dominant socioeconomic factors; impact of introduced species, invasive and alien species; lacking in provision of adaptation and mitigation methods to cope with impact of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services and shrinking of biological corridor due to habitat fragmentation were major issues. Besides this, to address these issues, it was also identified from the national consultation workshop of forest officials and experts that most appropriate uniform methods, measures and mechanisms are needed to be developed for the complete assessment, prioritization, analysis and development of action plans to main stream biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services management into operational plan of community forestry.