Foreign Workers Research Articles

Правовое регулирование привлечения иностранных граждан для работы в России

The research conducted in this article was devoted to the analysis of legal regulation of attracting foreign citizens to work in the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of legislation and practice on this issue is important in the context of modern challenges to global migration and the need for foreign labor force. This article is a historical overview of how the legal framework was developed in Russia. It also analyzes modern regulations and international agreements that regulate labor migration in the country. Problems arising in the process of attracting foreign workers are identified and analyzed, and ways of solving them are proposed. The final part contains the main conclusions and proposals, which are aimed at further improvement of legal regulation in this sphere.

Efektivitas Pengawasan Pemerintah terhadap Perizinan Tenaga Kerja Asing Menurut UU No. 13 Tahun 2003: Analisis Yuridis Normatif

Ideally, government supervision of foreign worker (TKA) permits, in accordance with Law No. 13 of 2003, should be carried out optimally to prevent violations. However, in reality, there are still many violations in the field, highlighting a gap between legal provisions and implementation. Issues arising from this gap include a lack of labor inspectors and weak coordination with relevant agencies, leading to the proliferation of illegal foreign workers. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of TKA permit supervision from a normative juridical perspective. This article falls under the category of literature research with a qualitative approach. The methodology used is a normative legal study of labor-related regulations. The results of the study conclude that although regulations provide a strong legal foundation, the implementation of supervision in the field still needs to be improved through the enhancement of human resource capacity and inter-agency coordination to achieve the desired effectiveness.

Improving foreign language reading technique using neural text-to-speech technology

Introduction. The intensification and technical development of the country, the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-crisis phase have led to the active integration of digital resources into the educational process, which has led to a new stage of development of the modern Russian education system – its digitalization. At present, new digital technologies, including artificial intelligence technologies, are being developed and introduced into the teaching of foreign languages. This article considers the use of text-to-speech technology functioning via neural networks to improve the reading technique in English and German of students of linguistic and non-linguistic specialties. Reading skills in a foreign language can be improved with the help of Natural Reader and TTSFree speech synthesizers, which students can use on their own. Due to application of the new FES HVE (Federal Educational Standards of Higher Vocational Education) of 2018 the volume of classroom work with students has decreased and the volume of independent work of students and students number in educational groups have increased, according to this matter the practical use of speech synthesizers in a foreign language classes seems relevant and important. Materials and Methods. Conducting an experiment to determine the effectiveness of the use of Natural Reader and TTSFree speech synthesizers to improve reading skills of linguistic and non-linguistic specialties students, calculating the number of phonetic errors when reading a foreign text before and after using of the voice generator, summarizing and interpreting the results obtained. Results. The list of publications studied in the process of scientific research makes 40 Russian and foreign works. These materials allowed to study the application of TTS technology with the use of neural networks, as well as Natural Reader and TTSFree speech synthesizers in foreign language classes at the university, which allowed to prove in practice the effectiveness of the analyzed services to improve the reading technique in English and German. Discussion and Conclusions. On the basis of theoretical research of scientific sources, as well as studying the experience of practical application of speech synthesizers Natural Reader and TTSFree, the conclusion about the great didactic potential of TTS technology is formulated. Possible applications of speech synthesis include the creation of an authentic language environment, the automation of reading, listening and speaking skills, as well as the self-control of students with their written language, voiced by TTS technology.

Polish Forced Labourers in the Klaipėda Region during World War II

This paper examines the plight of Polish forced labourers in the Klaipėda region during World War II, shedding light on a lesser-known aspect of Nazi occupation policies. Drawing on a database maintained by the Polish Institute of National Remembrance, the author collected data on nearly 2,000 Polish individuals subjected to forced labour in Klaipėda. Through archival research and analysis of personal testimonies, the study explores the demographics, origins, working conditions, and treatment of these labourers. The occupation of Klaipada by Nazi Germany resulted in the displacement of local populations and the influx of foreign workers to meet wartime labour demands. Polish labourers, predominantly young and from economically disadvantaged regions like Ciechanów, were among those forcibly mobilized. They were subjected to harsh treatment, discriminatory laws, and often found themselves in precarious working and living conditions. The paper highlights the experiences of Polish labourers in various industries, including construction and agriculture, and examines the motivations behind their escapes from forced labour. It also addresses the sensitive issue of sexual violence against female Polish workers, which remains largely overlooked in historiography. The liberation of Klaipėda by Soviet forces in 1945 brought an end to forced labour in the region, but many labourers faced further hardships, including mistreatment by Soviet authorities. The paper concludes with reflections on the post-war reparations process and calls for further research and cross-border cooperation to fully understand the history of forced labour in the Klaipėda region and its lasting impact on affected communities.

“Foreign Work”: The New York Public Library’s Service to Slavic and East European Immigrants, 1901–1940

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the New York Public Library’s (NYPL) work with Czech and Slovak (Bohemian), Rusyn (Ruthenian), Hungarian, Polish and Russian immigrants 1901-1940. The work was commonly referred to among library staff as “foreign work.” Much of NYPL’s “foreign work” with members of these ethnic groups originated on the congested Lower East Side (five Carnegie branches), the Upper East Side (four Carnegie branches), and then followed population shifts to other areas of Manhattan and into the Bronx and Staten Island. By focusing on the needs and desires of these immigrants, the NYPL’s librarians helped them adapt to life in the United States of America.

Transforming respiratory tract infection diagnosis in the kingdom of saudi arabia through point-of-care testing: A white paper for policy makers

With the evident increased prevalence of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) such as Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), influenza, Group A Streptococcus (GAS), and COVID-19, the conventional diagnostic methods are considered sub-optimal in providing timely management to patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Gaps in current diagnostics are magnified by the Kingdom's unique demographic composition, comprising 11.9 million foreign workers, and the annual influx of over 10 million pilgrims. Current gaps in timely diagnosis leads to delays in treatment, misuse of antibiotics, and protracted hospital stays, subsequently compromising patient care, and escalating healthcare costs. KSA healthcare stakeholders suggest that the integration of rapid molecular Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) into the Kingdom's healthcare infrastructure is an absolute necessity. This publication serves as an urgent call for action aimed at healthcare policymakers in Saudi Arabia, to review the existing diagnostic challenges and include rapid POCTs in the Saudi healthcare strategy for respiratory infections.

Issues of Adaptation and Ethnic Struggle of Southeast Asian Migrant Workers in a Foreign Land - Taking Migrant Workers in Taiwan as an Example

This study aims to explore the adaptation process of Southeast Asian migrant workers in Taiwan and the ethnic struggles they face. Utilizing social science observational methods and literature analysis, the research focuses on the complex interactions between migrant workers and the local society, particularly the conflicts and collaborations among different ethnic groups. The findings indicate that Southeast Asian migrant workers, while living in a foreign land, must not only overcome cultural differences and language barriers but also face structural discrimination and exclusion from the local society. These phenomena can be understood through the theoretical frameworks of nationalism and racism. Nationalism emphasizes the impact of national identity on social integration, while racism reveals the existing power inequalities and exclusion mechanisms within society. Additionally, the theory of multicultural formation provides insights into how different ethnic groups interact and coexist in shared spaces. Despite these challenges, migrant workers demonstrate strong adaptive abilities, gradually achieving social integration by establishing community support networks and actively participating in local economic activities. This study aims to provide empirical recommendations for migrant worker policies and social integration strategies to promote the coexistence and development of multiculturalism, as well as to offer a theoretical foundation for future related research. Finally, this paper summarizes the following conclusions and follow-up suggestions: first, "cross-cultural conflict" will make the physical and mental conditions of foreign migrant workers unhealthy, and management measures should be based on "human rights issues" to allow foreign migrant workers to have a certain degree of freedom and development in their right to work and socialize, so enterprises should formulate relevant measures to allow foreign migrant workers to get physical and mental adjustment in a foreign land. to promote more effective communication and cooperation.

Hygienic problems of using terahertz electromagnetic radiation (literature review)

The purpose of the work is to review and analyze domestic and foreign scientific works, systematize the scope of application of terahertz electromagnetic radiation (EMR) to determine hygienic problems in the field of health risk prevention in the development and use of modern radioelectronic devices. The literature search was conducted on the databases: eLibrary, Web of Science, and fifty. During the study of scientific literature, from over fifty works were analyzed, there 36 sources were selected 36 sources corresponded to the purpose of the study. Today, the urgent tasks are to predict the parameters of a complex electromagnetic environment in open areas and inside buildings using mobile communication standards 4, 5 and 6G, scientific justification of hygienic standards for the combined effects of the electromagnetic factor, methodological approaches to monitoring EMR levels, including the development of domestic selective EMR meters in a wide range of frequencies (radio frequency and terahertz ranges)

Here to stay? The rapid evolution of the temporary staffing market in Iceland

In recent years there has been a significant shortage of workers in Iceland. The traditional method of arranging temporary work, through direct contracts between employees and employers, has not sufficed. Moreover, there is a skills mismatch that compounds the shortage of workers as the sectors that have grown most rapidly in recent years mainly employ unskilled labor. This study examined the historical background of temporary work in Iceland, recent developments and in particular the growing importance of temporary staffing agencies, as well as the economic rationale for temporary staffing agencies, and the segmented labor market in Iceland. The study employs expert opinion approach, together with content and statistical analysis. Experts placed strongest emphasis on temporary workforce dependency on economic conditions, closely followed by sector triggered temporary workforce fluctuation. Socio-legal infrastructure for temporary workforce had the third strongest emphasis with other themes being less emphasized. These dramatic changes to the Icelandic labor market have undoubtedly had a significant impact on Icelandic society but there is surprisingly little research available into this. The efforts of unions and the Federation of Employees have helped to push through legislation on temporary staffing agencies and the rights of foreign workers, however, as long as there is economic rationale for their operation and a legal and regulatory framework that accommodates them the agencies can be expected to continue bringing temporary staff to Iceland. The impact on the labor market and society thus seems likely to be permanent.

Impact assessment of COVID-19 and PMO15 on labour in the plantation-wood processing sector in Lao PDR with policy recommendations

The primary objective of this research was to 1) explore the impacts of COVID-19 on availability of, and demand for, labor in the plantation-wood processing sector in Lao PDR; 2) the Government and industry response measures to COVID-19; and 3) the impacts of 2016 Prime Ministers’ Order (No. 15/PM, PMO15) aimed at addressing illegal logging and controlling log exports were also considered, as representative of a similar ‘shock’ to the sector. The research, undertaken in Vientiane Capital City, adopted a mainly qualitative methodology utilizing literature reviews and semi-structured interviews to gather data from the government, industry and workers. Micro, small and medium sized companies and their employees were surveyed. The research found that Lao wood manufacturers were affected by the shutdowns in response to COVID-19 and there were follow-on effects up and down value chains. The experiences of Laos were found to be similar to those experienced in wood producing countries globally. Supply issues and access to markets were key factors impacting the ability of factories to continue to operate and retain workers. Government protection measures were effective but challenging to implement, and access to support was difficult. Impacts on male and female differed. Awareness of, and access to, mandatory social security insurance by workers was very low. Other forms of social ‘safety-net’ were more apparent and important, including company-based programs, charity, and family/self-help. Improved dissemination of information about the need for, and benefits of, social security should occur to mitigate future shocks. The high dependence on foreign workers to fill skilled jobs in the sector remains an issue. Coupled with reforms in response to PMO15, to improve factory and product standards and ongoing export restrictions, there is a need further build Lao skills and capacity. Current efforts to up-skill Lao workers for employment in emerging wood product industries must be maintained, and improved recognition of Lao-acquired competencies is needed. Market needs analysis including the development of product dossiers is required together with the building of relevant technical expertise. Without this the Lao wood processing sector will be remain vulnerable to future shocks.

Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal in Multinational Companies

A strategic HRM method called international performance appraisal (IPA) helps multinationalcorporations (MNCs) to regularly assess and enhance corporate, subsidiary, and individual performance inrelation to well-defined, predetermined goals. An incentive structure established by an effective IPA canguarantee that foreign workers and foreign subsidiaries are operating in the best interests of the parent firm.Information asymmetry and goal incongruence between the parent firm and its subsidiaries are theprimary causes of IPA's complexity. MNCs can select from a variety of IPA approaches, and theseapproaches are influenced by a host of firm-specific and host-contextual factors. Even though IPAs arewidely acknowledged to be important, most MNCs have not handled IPAs well.

An Exploration of Gary Snyders English Translation of Han Shans Poems from the Perspective of Manipulation Theory

This essay delves into Gary Snyders English translation of Han Shans poems from lens of the manipulation theory. The manipulation theory, originated in the field of translation studies, argues that translations are not mere reproductions of the original texts but are shaped by various ideological, cultural and historical factors. From the perspective of Lefeveres manipulation theory, translators and their translation activities are inevitably manipulated by three elements: ideology, poetics and patronage. Han Shan, a Tang Dynasty poet renowned for his Zen Buddhist-influenced works, has gained significant attention from translators including Snyder, a leading figure in the American Beat Generation and a profound student of Zen Buddhism. In examining Snyders translation, the essay explores the embodiment and influence of ideology, poetics and patronage. By employing Manipulation of Translation, this essay aims to provide a nuanced understanding of Snyders translation and sheds new light on how translators, like Snyder, can serve as cultural mediators, shaping our understanding and appreciation of foreign literary works.

Barriers to Trade Union Participation among Indonesian foreign Workers in Malaysia

Barriers to Trade Union Participation among Indonesian foreign Workers in Malaysia

Immigrant labour, rural economies, and the question of housing

AbstractThere is a renewed interest in policy initiatives that aim to ruralize and regionalize immigration in Canada. These efforts are visible through temporary foreign worker programs linked to Provincial Nominee Programs, as well as the increase in the number of refugee resettlement programs in smaller communities. Against this backdrop, cities in Canada are experiencing a housing crisis. There is a tacit assumption that immigrants in smaller and more rural settings will fare better with respect to housing. This paper examines the assumptions underpinning efforts to ruralize and regionalize immigration—namely that immigrants to smaller centres will find more affordable and available housing. By presenting two case studies of small towns that have successfully leveraged immigration to meet their labour market needs, this paper demonstrates that housing remains a critical issue for newcomers, even outside of large urban centres. Further, the paper argues that discussions about housing need to be linked to broader policy conversations about immigration and labour, especially in contexts where transnational corporations leverage immigration and temporary labour programs to secure their workforce, without parallel investments in infrastructure and housing.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Foreign Workers and Construction Development in the Current Era

A Bibliometric Analysis of Foreign Workers and Construction Development in the Current Era

Migrant workers’ perception and awareness of health insurance coverage in Brunei Darussalam

BackgroundMigrant workers are recognized as a vulnerable group of population in the context of accessibility to healthcare services as they are likely to experience multiple challenges and barriers. This study aimed to assess the awareness and perceived knowledge on health insurance coverage among documented migrant workers in Brunei Darussalam.MethodsThis cross-sectional, interviewer-administered study used a pre-designed questionnaire on migrant workers attending the Foreign Worker Health Screening Centre from June until September 2019. Data were analyzed for association between perceived insurance status on health-seeking behavior.ResultsThe study obtained responses from 469 documented migrant workers (93.8%). 75.1% reported being aware of and having health insurance coverage; and of these, 57.1% were aware of the type of health insurance cover they had. 45.5% and 50.6% had poor knowledge whether their health insurance covered for hospitalization or outpatient expenses, respectively. No significant association was found between the migrant workers’ perceived status of insurance and not seeking medical care due to financial barriers (p > 0.05).ConclusionsA high proportion of documented migrant workers in Brunei Darussalam reported knowledge of having health insurance; however, there was lack of awareness on its actual coverage. By including migrants’ health in a nation’s healthcare governance, the health rights of migrant workers can be addressed thus aiming to achieve universal health coverage for all individuals.

Education Service for Children of Unregistered Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia

Following registration records for the 2022 Unlicensed Foreign Worker Recalibration Program (PATI), 418,649 Indonesian citizens are participating in the labour recalibration program in Malaysia, so this will have a negative impact, namely an increase in the number of children of Indonesian migrant workers. Malaysian immigration authorities do not allow all migrant workers to invite their families to come live in Malaysia. This causes migrant workers' children to feel ostracized, discriminated against and denied their right to education due to a lack of access to education and love from their parents. The research aims to explore the role of government in providing educational services. The research method is descriptive and qualitative. The subjects of this research were the Indonesian and Malaysian governments, the children of unregistered immigrant workers in several guidance studios, and migrant workers. Data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research results found that the rights of Indonesian citizens and children have been fulfilled, such as access to education. Fulfilling these needs is achieved through the role of government, such as establishing formal and non-formal schools to foster a sense of comfort and protection. In addition, the government, with its role, can create appropriate policies to provide rights and safety to the children of unregistered immigrant workers

Tourism and Urban Development: The case of a coastal village in a small island state

This paper discusses how Marsascala, a coastal town in Malta, has been urbanized over the years, with particular attention to the development of the tourist industry. Young’s (1983) “general model of the process of ‘touristization’ and landscape change” is engaged with to study the impact of tourism development on the locality and local community. Different research methods were used, including qualitative interviews via thematic analysis, fieldwork, orthophoto maps, and analysis of secondary data. Findings show that tourism plays a major role in the local economy. Overdevelopment and population increase (fuelled by tourism and influx of foreign workers) are major challenges in the locality. The former fishing village has as a result reached stage six (intensive tourism consolidation) of Young's model. While more services are available to locals and visitors, the quality of life in the locality is deteriorating. This has raised questions about the need to redevelop the Jerma Hotel which will partly be a real estate project. The authors propose a seventh stage to Young’s model - ‘real estatation’ whereby more areas are taken over by real estate projects including for short-term rentals. This paper is linked to the EU Cost Action CA221222 Rethinking the Blue Economy: Socio-Ecological Impacts and Opportunities (RethinkBlue), in particular in relation to the themes covered by Working Group 3 - Port cities & coastal communities.

Sosialisasi Proctor Ujian Kompetensi Bahasa Jepang Internasional di SMA Kesatrian 2 Semarang

As one of the requirements to work in Japan, mastery of the Japanese language is very important. The Japan government stipulates that foreign workers entering Japan must have Japan language skills. The JLPT (Noryokushiken) is a Japan Language Proficiency Test held in Japan and abroad to evaluate and certify the ability of non-native Japan speakers to speak Japan. In Indonesia, especially Semarang, the implementation of the JLPT Exam is coordinated by Dian Nuswantoro University and in collaboration with Kesatrian 2 High School as the location of the JLPT exam and involves Kesatrian High School teachers to be used as assistant exam supervisors. The requirement to become a proctor is to understand all the rules during the exam process. Because the teachers of Kesatrian 2 High School have never been assistant supervisors of the JLPT exam before, there is a need for socialization about the rules of the JLPT exam. With this socialization, the assistant supervisors can carry out their duties in accordance with the rules set by the Japan government.

ASEAN in the World’s 100 Top-Ranked Pension Funds: Lessons for Indonesia

The research explored the pension funds of Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam, which had managed to exceed Indonesia’s total pension fund assets under management despite having smaller populations and workforces. With Indonesia aiming to increase its pension funds to 60% of its GDP by 2045, the research aimed to extract lessons from the investment strategies, governance structures, and other key indicators of the pension funds in these three ASEAN countries to aid in achieving Indonesia’s target. This research utilized a document analysis method to gather data on top-ranking pension funds in ASEAN countries, including the Central Provident Fund (Singapore), Employees Provident Fund (Malaysia), Social Insurance Funds (Vietnam), and BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (Indonesia), with qualitative and descriptive statistics methods employed for data analysis. This research has found that Singapore and Malaysia excel in managing their pension fund accounts by offering innovative services tailored to meet the needs of their citizens. Singapore has special home ownership and asset management accounts with a strong social media presence. Malaysia offers both conventional and Sharia-based services, including services for the hajj, which cater to the religious needs of its Muslim population. Meanwhile, Vietnam has a more inclusive system that covers foreign workers, similar to Indonesia’s, but demands that foreign workers join the program should align with available program information in English.