Structure Of Foreign Trade Research Articles

Cross border e-commerce development and enterprise digital technology innovation—empirical evidence from listed companies in China

As the main form of digital trade, cross-border e-commerce plays an important role, allowing China to expand its opening-up and promote the optimal foreign trade structure. It also provides opportunities for Chinese enterprises to develop digital technology. From the perspective of the establishment of China's cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone (CBECPZ), this article uses the multi-period DID method to examine the effects of cross-border e-commerce on enterprise digital technology innovation based on listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2007 to 2020. The CBECPZ dramatically promotes enterprise digital technology innovation. The mechanism test shows that the CBECPZ promotes digital technology innovation by financing constraint alleviation, digital transformation, and producer service industry agglomeration. The heterogeneity test shows that the direct effect is more significant in the enterprises of large-scale, non-state-owned, with high ICT correlation and in areas with strong government resource allocation capabilities. The research findings have important reference value for how to utilize cross-border e-commerce to promote digital technology innovation, and they also provide directional references for other developing countries to develop cross-border e-commerce.

Genesis of economic integration of Ukraine into the EU

The paper examines the genesis of economic integration of Ukraine to the EU. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the genesis of economic integration of Ukraine to the EU and develop recommendations for their development. The result of bilateral trade integration following the implementation of the consolidated and all-inclusive free trade zone was the modernization of Ukraine's trade policy. The primary dominants may include: the increase in trade turnover between the countries and the increase in the share of European countries in the structure of foreign trade of Ukraine; changes in import duties; improved access to the market; harmonization of legislation; establishment of tariff quotas; а further reduction in non-tariff barriers to trade; home ownership of the region is one hundred percent improved robotic work; harmonization of the technical regulation system; systems of standardization, metrology, conformity assessment and market visibility; sanitary and phytosanitary visits; Strengthening the protection of intellectual rights. The genesis of economic integration of Ukraine to the EU was investigated. An analysis of the Vikonanny Ugodi about association for 2022 and 2023 was carried out. We have analyzed the strengths and weaknesses, the emerging opportunities and threats to the integration of Ukraine into the EU. Directly from further scientific research, it is important to look at the most important aspects of the economic integration of Ukraine, since the most important payments will ensure the formation of the revenue side of the budget from further It is re-divided into different socio-economic goals of the state.

Influence Path Analysis of Coordination between Material and Spiritual Civilization Based on the VAR Model

This paper quantitatively analyzes the degree of coordination between China's material civilization and spiritual civilization by establishing an entropy method-coupled coordination degree model. Based on the quantitative results, indicators of China's 1987-2021 tax policy, monetary policy, and open economy policy are introduced to construct a vector autoregressive model to deeply analyze the dynamic relationship between the level of coordination and these influencing factors from multiple perspectives. It is found that maintaining a robust monetary policy, optimizing the structure of foreign trade and exports, and optimizing the structure of taxation are conducive to further enhancing the level of the degree of harmonization between China's material and spiritual civilization, and promoting the high-quality development of China's modernization.

АНАЛІЗ ТОВАРНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ ЗОВНІШНЬОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

The article is devoted to the study of the analysis of the product structure of foreign trade of the Transcarpathian region, the study of export and import volumes, and the determination of trends and problems of foreign trade. It has been established that the analysis of the commodity structure of the foreign trade of the Zakarpattia region in modern conditions faces a number of problems that require detailed research. The article examines the components of foreign trade (export and import) of Zakarpattia for 2023-2020 and analyzes the dynamics of these indicators for the period under study.

The Impact of Digital Transformation on International Trade Based on Big Data Analysis Models and Threshold Effects

Currently, the world is experiencing a wave of digitalization, and the digital economy has become a significant engine for the growth of import and export trade. This paper deeply analyzes the impact of the digital economy on import and export trade from dimensions such as technology, society, and institutions. Based on panel data from 42 cities in China’s three major urban clusters (the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region) from 2011 to 2021, using the mediation effect model, threshold effect model, and K-means clustering algorithm, it examines the impact of digital economic development on import and export trade and its transmission mechanism. The research findings indicate that the development of the digital economy significantly promotes import and export trade; the level of technological innovation plays a mediating role in the relationship between digital economic development and import and export trade; there is a single threshold positive promotion effect of technological innovation level in the process of digital economic development affecting import and export trade; the degree of urbanization exhibits a single threshold effect in the process of digital economic development affecting import and export trade, specifically transitioning from inhibiting to promoting effects once the threshold value of urbanization is surpassed. Furthermore, there is a certain regional heterogeneity in the above conclusions among the three major urban clusters. The research results have certain guiding significance for optimizing the structure of foreign trade, promoting high-quality development of import and export trade, and achieving high-level economic and social development.

Research on Innovative Strategies and Practices for Optimizing Guangzhou's Foreign Trade Dependence

The article explores the optimization strategies for Guangzhou's foreign trade dependence, focusing on three major strategies: diversified market layout, innovation-driven development strategy, and coordinated development of service trade and goods trade. It is pointed out that Guangzhou needs to reduce its dependence on a single market by diversifying its market layout, enhance its core competitiveness in foreign trade through implementing an innovation-driven development strategy, and promote the coordinated development of service trade and goods trade to optimize its foreign trade structure and achieve high-quality foreign trade development. The implementation of these strategies will help Guangzhou reduce its foreign trade risks, enhance its international competitiveness, and provide strong support for the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and society.

Foreign Trade of Ukraine’s ICT Sector: state and prospects

The article analyses the dynamics, features and structure of foreign trade of the ICT sector of Ukraine in 2008-2022, focusing on the exports and imports of ICT goods and services. It has been determined that the commodity structure of Ukraine’s ICT sector exports is dominated by communication equipment and consumer electronics, and that Ukraine mainly exported ICT goods to European countries, in particular to Hungary, Russia, Moldova, and Austria. At the same time, Ukraine imported the most communication equipment, as well as computer and peripheral equipment, mainly from China and Vietnam. The study of dynamics showed a long-term trend of decreasing exports and increasing imports of ICT goods by Ukraine. Additionally, the trade balance and indices of international trade in ICT goods showed a low level of specialization of Ukraine in the production and export of ICT goods. Having examined the structure of Ukraine's ICT services exports, we found that computer services predominate. The main importers of ICT services from Ukraine include the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Malta, and other countries. In addition, it has been determined that technology companies from countries that import ICT services from Ukraine have gradually opened their own R&D centres in Ukraine. The study of the dynamics of foreign trade in ICT services during 2008-2022 showed a constant upward trend in the volume and share of ICT services in Ukraine's exports of services. In addition, the calculation of the trade balance and international trade indices for 2008-2022 showed a high level of specialization and competitiveness of ICT services in the Ukrainian economy. The article identifies the main factors and reasons that influenced the trends in foreign trade of the ICT sector of Ukraine. Finally, three possible scenarios for the development of Ukraine's ICT sector over the next few years were outlined.

The impact of the war on Ukraine's foreign trade

Abstract The article considers theoretical and practical aspects of the war's impact on Ukraine's foreign trade. The choice of the topic is due to the need to find new ways to minimize the negative impact of the war on the country's foreign trade. In the article, general scientific methods were used: methods of synthesis and analysis; data systematization and comparison; and SWOT-analysis. The information base of this article consisted of statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, articles by scientists, and Internet sources. The article analyses the changes in the structure of foreign trade in goods in Ukraine in 2022 compared to 2021. An analysis of changes in the regional structure of Ukraine's foreign trade is carried out. It was found that the exports of Vinnytsia, Volyn, Zakarpattia, Lviv, Odesa, Rivne, Ternopil, Cherkasy, and Chernivtsi regions in 2022 were higher than in 2021. These regions concentrated significant export potential during the war. The main destructive factors of Ukraine's foreign trade development during the war were identified. These factors are: decrease in export and import volumes; negative foreign trade balance; logistical problems, restrictions on the movement of goods, destruction of infrastructure. It is predicted that as a result of the war, the commodity structure of production in Ukraine will change, preference will be given to defense industries. Recommendations for the Ukrainian government to minimize the negative effects of the war on Ukraine's foreign trade are proposed, including: tax benefits for Ukrainian entrepreneurs, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, diversification of product sales markets, development of the domestic market and stimulation of domestic consumption, promotion of high-tech exports, reconstruction and restoration of the infrastructure of Ukraine, etc. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the improvement of ways to minimize the negative impact of the war on Ukraine's foreign trade. The practical value of the article lies in the development of relevant recommendations. It is established that the development of foreign trade in Ukraine will contribute to the stabilization of the national economy and ensure economic growth in the post-war period. Keywords exports, imports, goods, regions of Ukraine, industry

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВИРОБНИЦТВА КВАСОЛІ В КОНТЕКСТІ НІШЕВОЇ ДИВЕРСИФІКАЦІЇ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ТА НАРОЩУВАННЯ ЙОГО ЕКСПОРТНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ

The global trends in the production and trade of beans were analyzed, the level and dynamics of export-import operations of Ukraine in this market segment were investigated, the prospects of crop production were substantiated in the context of niche diversification of the domestic agrarian sphere and the expansion of its export potential. It is noted that during the last decade, the volume of world production of beans has remained relatively stable within 29 million tons. The leading countries are India and Brazil, the combined share of which in the world crop harvest in 2022 was 36.2%. A third of the world's bean exports go to Myanmar – the main exporter of legumes to India. The main importers of beans are India and China, these countries supply 32.5% of the world's import of the crop.In the overall structure of foreign trade, the share of Ukrainian beans in 2022 was 1.2%. During 2018-2022, the value of culture exports from Ukraine was characterized by an upward trend. Almost all export (99.9%) and import products (95.4%) are white bean varieties The main buyers of Ukrainian beans were Italy, Pakistan and Poland. In 2022, 53.4% of exports were sent to these countries. On the foreign market, Ukraine mainly buys elite bean seeds. In 2022, 85.6% of its total imports were supplied from Poland. It is noted that in modern conditions, beans are a promising niche crop for the domestic agriculturist, since logistics is less affected by it than grain crops, the demand in foreign markets is high, in addition to economic, the introduction of beans in crop rotation also provides an ecological effect. The export potential of beans is determined by the growth of global demand for processed legume products (chips, hummus, vegetable minced meat, nuggets, burger patties, etc.).

A Study on the Impact of External Shocks on the Resilience of China’s Grain Supply Chain

Grain supply is the lifeblood of a country, and the stability of the supply chain is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring national grain security. This paper draws on the definition of resilience in physics and economics. It takes supply chain fracture resilience, impact resilience, and synergy resilience as the secondary indicators. It constructs a comprehensive evaluation indicator system of the grain supply chain resilience, measures the resilience indicator of China’s grain supply chain from 1996 to 2021, and analyzes the role of supply, cost, exchange rate, and other external shocks in influencing the resilience of China’s grain supply chain on this basis. The study found that the overall level of China’s total grain supply chain resilience has been growing year by year and can be divided into three stages: low-level stabilization stage, continuous growth stage, and high-level stabilization stage. Grain supply chain fracture resilience has been growing steadily, grain supply chain impact resilience fluctuation is more obvious, and grain supply chain synergy resilience has been changing more gently. In the inquiry of the impact of external shocks on the resilience of China’s grain supply chain, it was found that world grain exports and the RMB exchange rate have a significant positive impact on China’s grain supply chain resilience level, while the international oil price has a significant negative impact. Based on this, the paper puts forward suggestions for ensuring stable production and supply in the grain market, improving the structure of foreign trade in grain, and actively coping with international commodity price shocks.

Research on China's Economic Development under the Background of Anti-economic Globalization

This article combines the China's economic development under the background of deglobalization. Through analyzing the impact of deglobalization on China's economic development, it explores China's strategies to cope with deglobalization. The study found that deglobalization has had a significant impact on China's economic development, mainly including the impact on foreign trade, investment environment, economic structural adjustment, and national economic security. In order to respond to these impacts, this article proposes strategies such as optimizing foreign trade structure, enhancing technological innovation capability, strengthening international economic cooperation, and improving national economic security prevention capabilities. The research results indicate that properly addressing deglobalization can promote the healthy development of China's economy. Based on these findings, this article also looks forward to future research. In conclusion, this study aims to examine the issues of China's economic development under the background of deglobalization and provide reference for relevant decision-making.

Зовнішньоекономічна діяльність підприємств: сучасні виклики та перспективи розвитку

The aim of the article is to study the current state of foreign economic activity of Ukraine, to determine the prospects for development, taking into account the political and economic situation in the country. The article characterizes the current state of foreign trade. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the general indicators of foreign trade in goods in 2018–2024 are analyzed as follows: the total value of imported and exported goods, the volume of export-import operations, the commodity structure of foreign trade, and the geographical structure of foreign trade in goods. The main problems inherent in the economy of Ukraine are allocated, including: the continuation of the general slowdown in the growth rate of the world economy and the establishment of restrictive measures on Ukrainian exports of agricultural products used by the countries of the European Union. The main features and prospects for the development of the international trade market are defined, namely: improvement of the regulatory framework, updating the Association Agreement with the EU; ensuring predictable and stable terms of international trade; ensuring the possibility of transporting goods by railway; ensuring the competence of the economic entities engaged in foreign economic activity; increasing the procurement of licenses for the latest technologies; increasing the competitiveness of domestic manufacturing enterprises; improving the quality of Ukrainian goods and services; simplification of customs control. The most promising directions of foreign trade for Ukraine have been allocated, such as: the agricultural sector; IT sector; light industry and fashion; transport and logistics. It is emphasized that there is a general trend of prevalence of imports over exports throughout the study period, which justifies the expediency of establishing relations with existing partner countries and expanding and strengthening foreign cooperation in the field of trade.

Краткосрочные успехи и долгосрочные задачи экономического разворота России на восток

The article shows that in 2022-2023 Russia has managed to quickly change the geography of its foreign trade in goods by turning to the East, and not only to China, but also to India and some other Asian countries. At the same time, the commodity structure of Russia's foreign trade is changing slowly, and the inertia of the direct investment sector has led to a reduction in the activity of Russian TNCs abroad. Thus, Russia's clear success in preventing its international isolation cannot be overlooked by the continuing problems of long-term strengthening of Russia's place in the world economy.

Problems of Foreign Trade Development Between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan in Modern Realities

The article examines the main directions of foreign trade of the Republic of Tajikistan and specifies trade relations with the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of the geographical and commodity structure of foreign trade of the two countries, problems were identified, the solution of which will increase the volume of mutually beneficial trade cooperation.

Organizational and economic mechanism of project risk management in ІТ companies

The purpose of the article is the theoretical substantiation and development of scientific and methodological provisions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism of project risk management in IT companies, taking into account the specifics of their activities. To achieve the goal of the research, the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, classification, expert survey, statistical analysis, structural and logical generalization were used. The article provides a statistical analysis of the dynamics of spending on the IT sector in the world; volume of export and import of computer and information services in the structure of foreign trade in services in Ukraine. Scientific views on the definition of the concepts «management mechanism», «organizational mechanism», «economic mechanism», «organizational and economic mechanism» have been analysed and summarized. The author’s interpretation of the term «organizational and economic mechanism of project risk management» is given as a set of principles, functions, methods, digital tools, technical means, software, aimed at minimizing project risks, reducing the level of costs for organizing customer service processes of IT companies, increasing quality provided computer and information services. The structure of the organizational and economic mechanism of project risk management in the management system of the IT company was built, which includes three blocks: the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism; functioning of the organizational and economic mechanism of project risk management and integration into the management system; evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism and determining the prospects for the development of the project risk management system in the IT company. An algorithm for implementing the organizational and economic mechanism of project risk management in the management system of an IT company is proposed.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE'S FOREIGN TRADE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE INVASION WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE FTA+ WITH THE EU

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE'S FOREIGN TRADE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE INVASION WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THE FTA+ WITH THE EU

Impact of FDI and foreign trade openness on carbon emissions in China: evidence from threshold regression model

ABSTRACT Using panel data of 20 industries in China from 2006 to 2019, this paper constructs a fixed effect model to study the impact of FDI (foreign direct investment) and foreign trade on China’s industrial carbon emissions. We combine the panel threshold model to explore the impact mechanism of FDI and foreign trade on industrial carbon emissions under the difference of independent technological innovation. Research efforts has shown that FDI and foreign trade have a long-term promoting effect on industrial carbon emissions, indicating that the ‘pollution shelter’ hypothesis is valid in the context of China’s industrial industry. The threshold regression indicates that with the increase of independent technological innovation, the increase in carbon emissions promoted by FDI while foreign trade decreases. When considering heterogeneity issues, FDI and foreign trade in moderately and heavily polluting industries significantly increase carbon emissions compared with lightly polluting industries; Compared with heavily polluting industries, moderately polluting industries have a more significant positive impact on carbon emissions from foreign trade. The research conclusion provides reference for reducing carbon emissions and improving environmental quality by emphasizing the industry structure of FDI and foreign trade, fully stimulating independent technological innovation, and creating an innovation atmosphere.

Exploring the Factors Influencing China's Foreign Exports

Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign trade has developed rapidly. Exploring the factors that have a positive impact on exports can optimize the industrial structure of foreign trade, improve the international competitiveness of foreign trade, promote the high-quality development of China's foreign trade, further expand the competitive advantage of exports, enhance the vitality of the foreign trade industry, and enable foreign trade to better assist the development of China's national economy.

Agricultural Development Management in the Context of Ukraine's Foreign Economic Security

Purpose: Unsolved pre-war problems of agricultural production are additionally burdened by ongoing military operations, which have caused inevitable changes in domestic and foreign markets. Identifying and eliminating threats to the development of the agricultural sector will increase the efficiency of agricultural production, which will increase the level of foreign economic security of the country and, at the same time, strengthen global food security.
 Design / Method / Approach: Based on the data of domestic and international statistical services and organizations, we used economic and statistical methods (regression, trend analysis) and graphically presented the obtained results.
 Findings: A critically low share of imports negatively affects foreign economic security and pricing in the domestic market. The products export of plant-origin and low-value metals, as opposed to the high-tech products import, is critical. The condition with the provision of fish and fish products, fruits, berries and grapes, eggs, vegetables, and melon food crops is unstable. It depends either on conditions in foreign markets or only on domestic factors. The geographical structure of foreign trade is unsatisfactory and threatening due to excessive imports from China. An inverse correlation between the export volume of Ukrainian agricultural products and the world level of food prices has been established.
 Theoretical Implications: The work confirms the importance of the Ukrainian agricultural sector in the context of global food security.
 Practical Implications: We offer a set of actions, the implementation of which will make it possible to eliminate problems in agricultural production that negatively affect the state of foreign economic security.
 Originality / Value: Work on a highly specialized topic, which includes the development of agricultural processes against the background of ongoing military operations.
 Research Limitations / Future Research: In further research, it is advisable to consider the importance of the agricultural sector in the system of economic security of different countries since this article is limited to the methodology of the Ukrainian government.
 Paper type: Empirical
 JEL Classification: Q11, Q17, Q18

Development of Cross-Border E-commerce between China and Russia as part of the Belt and Road Initiative: Opportunities and Challenges

This paper researches the opportunities and challenges of cross-border e-commerce development between Russia and China under the One Belt One Road initiative. Using SWOT analysis and official data, introduce the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities as well as threats of cross-border e-commerce development between Russia and China. The conclusion is that the current e-commerce market in China and Russia has great potential and has become a new growth point for foreign trade promotion and economic recovery, and its development has the strengths of political support and complementary product trade structures in both countries. In addition, the Belt and Road Initiative promotes the development of logistics infrastructure, an the rapid development of Internet technology and online trade provides opportunities for the development of e-commerce in China and Russia. However, in the current complex international situation, the development of cross-border e-commerce in both countries faces threats and challenges, such as the slow global economic recovery after the epidemic and the sanctions imposed on the Russian economy by Europe and the US. There are also its own weaknesses: imperfect cross-border payment and credit systems, limited trade models on the platform, and untimely logistics and delivery. Therefore, optimization and improvement of platforms, cross-border payments and cross-border logistics are needed. This study will contribute to enterprises exploring new paths for their own development, and optimizing the foreign trade structure of China and Russia as well as economic recovery.