Foreign Trade Production Research Articles

Новые экономические подходы к селективному управлению производственным развитием нефтегазового региона

Introduction: the oil and gas region economy is highly dependent on tax revenues from oil and gas companies and their service companies, whose profits, in turn, are significantly affected by the volatility of oil and gas prices in the world commodity markets. This determines the relevance of developing new economic approaches to managing the production development of the oil and gas region, taking into account the principle of selectivity in terms of the ratio between the share of oil and gas in regional mining activities and the share of the main types of products of the oil and gas processing industry in the manufacturing industries of a particular region. Objectives: to clarify the scientific category “oil and gas region”, to substantiate and introduce into scientific circulation of the category “inclusive production development of the region” and to pose the problem of the concept “Groningen effect” acceptability at the regional level on the example of the Volga Federal District. Methods: synthesis of institutional, systemic, structural-functional and innovative-technological methodological approaches to managing the production development of the oil and gas region. The criteria for the analysis are the percentage components of the oil and condensate production volumes, as well as natural and associated petroleum gases, in the volume of final production in “Mining” sector. These indicators are mathematically interconnected with indicators of the structure of shipped products in the production of coke and oil products, rubber, and plastic products in the “Manufacturing production” sector; as a result, the region’s oil and gas activity factor was formulated. Results: the author revealed a characteristic of oil and gas region production development, which was called “inclusiveness”. It is based on the investment strategy of diversified high-yield oil and gas revenues of the regional budget into horizontal industrial policy, considering the economic and geological features of oil and gas resource extraction and their quality composition in the Volga-Ural oil and gas-bearing province. The paper proposes the scientific problem “Groningen effect” in the Russian regional conditions and estimates the magnitude of manifestation of said effect by the main types of foreign trade products of the oil and gas region. Conclusions: the developed approach to economic identification of the oil and gas region can become an effective instrument of selective management of its production development under conditions of high volatility of hydrocarbon raw materials quotations, the sanctions on Russian exports and the transition to technological sovereignty.

Design (Allocation) of a Carbon Emission System—A Lesson from Power Restrictions in Zhejiang, China

This paper discusses how to design (allocate) a city-level carbon emission system, considering the recent outbreak (end of 2020) of electricity consumption restrictions in a few cities in Zhejiang, China. Although these measures aimed to achieve environmental goals, they had a certain negative impact on residents’ lives and foreign trade production. This paper argues that local authorities should be more flexible in formulating performance targets, incorporate interactive feedback in performance management, and utilize assessment results and better government internal control. This paper proposes a (national) strategic plan to achieve carbon control through the implementation of a circular economy, such as the design of a carbon emission system considering the economic development (supporting industry) in each city and a city-level carbon trading market.

Main Trends of Foreign Trade of PRC during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan in Terms of Target Intensification of Trade and Economic Relations with Russia

Economic relations between Russia and China gradually enter into the most active phase, primarily due to the successful results of the official visits of heads of state and government. Trade between the countries become more active increasingly that contributes to the development of economic relations in general. In order to understand the reasons for this development against the background of the ongoing growth of the Chinese economy, the focus of attention in this article is the foreign trade of China as the dominant component of the activity of economic relations with other countries. The article presents an analytical summary of the results and prospects of foreign trade of the People's Republic of China (PRC) according to the Eleventh Five-Year Plan results (2005-2010). Besides formulated general conclusions and trends, such indicators as the trade balance, the global, sectoral, regional, commodity structure of exports and imports are analyzed detailed , and also the reasons for these trends in foreign economic activity of the country are investigated. Among the analyzed basic forms of foreign trade it is considered tolling system and its place in the trade of goods. Indicators of foreign trade products and services are analyzed separately. The basic trend in the development of trade and economic relations between China and Russia is investigated. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s3p19

Global integration, disarticulation and competitiveness in mexico’s electro mechanical sector: a structural analysis

This article analyses the dual functioning of the Mexican electromechanical sector between 1994 and 2008, as distinct from other globalized activities. An estimation of labour productivity in 52 industrial classes finds that structural heterogeneity increased particularly in the 1994-2001 subperiod, alongside technical and organizational improvements that were increasingly concentrated in a small number of subsidiary companies of transnational automotive-assembly enterprises. The application of a shift-share technique also revealed the absence of any significant structural change. Lastly, an extension of the methodology to evaluate competitiveness —developed by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (eclac)— and its application to a second database that reclassifies 1,345 foreign trade products, makes it possible to contrast these changes with the dynamism of the global production networks in which the leading firms of the sector in Mexico are engaged.