Foreign Partners Research Articles

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM): Geographical and commodity scope in Polish imports

The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a new instrument of the EU’s European Green Deal policy. It is intended to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the world. The CBAM provides for a levy (tax) to be imposed on energy-intensive imports which heavily pollute the environment. The aim of the study was to provide a quantitative assessment of the commodity and geographical coverage of the CBAM in Polish imports. Several indicators were calculated to assess the possible negative impact of CBAM. These indicators can be interpreted as rough measures of the effects of the tax. They were compared with similar indicators calculated by other authors for the whole EU. This paper is a continuation of earlier studies of other researchers who analyzed CBAM coverage and possible implications, while adopting assumptions other than those finally included in the CBAM Regulation. The key findings and main conclusions are as follows: Negative effects of the CBAM will be concentrated on several product groups: steel products, chemicals, polymers, and aluminum. These products accounted for as much as 96% of Poland’s external import subject to the levy. The scale of the final effects of the tax will depend mainly on the level of ETS allowance prices and the intensity of adjustments made by domestic companies and foreign partners. The study ends with two conclusions: First, manufacturers have several years to prepare a strategy to limit the negative effects of the levy (it will be charged as of 2026), but they should start the adjustments as soon as possible. Second, the carbon footprint of a product (as low as possible) is becoming an increasingly important factor in the manufacturers’ international competitiveness. The method of descriptive analysis as well as statistical methods were used.

RETURNING TO SAID AND HIS «ORIENTALISM»

This article examines the impact of Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism on the contemporary geopolitical landscape. The authors argue that while the critique of Orientalism has significantly influenced academic discourse and domestic policies in Western countries, particularly the United States, it has not led to fundamental changes in global geopolitical strategy. The paper focuses on two key aspects: the natural connection between knowledge and power, which cannot be altered by anti-colonial declarations, and the shift of colonial discourse to new regions, specifically non-Western Europe. The authors posit that the strength of a modern state lies in its ability to dynamically bifurcate its image into internal and external faces, presenting different aspects to its society and foreign partners. Using the United States as a case study, the article demonstrates how internal anti-colonial discourse coexists with an unchanging foreign policy strategy of global dominance. The authors criticize the illusions about the possibility of changing the fundamental principles of US foreign policy, which has remained consistent since 1941. The paper emphasizes the continuation of a strategy aimed at fostering global dependence on the West, despite anti-colonial rhetoric. The article explores the complex interplay between domestic movements for social justice and decolonization, and the pragmatic realities of international relations. It argues that the deconstruction of Orientalism, while challenging the legitimacy of historical colonial practices, has not transformed the core geopolitical interests of Western states.The authors contend that the apparent dichotomy between internal anti-colonial discourse and external policy reflects both the complexity and strength of states like the US, where domestic and foreign policies can be shaped by different institutional and ideological forces. The paper also discusses the expansion of the concept of liberal democracy as an export product to regions deemed lacking in popular sovereignty.In conclusion, the article suggests that the critique of Orientalism, despite its academic and cultural impact, has been effectively neutralized in geopolitical practice. This is achieved through a shift in focus to regions not traditionally considered part of the «old» Western colonies, allowing for the implementation of economic partnership policies without the moral self-flagellation associated with charges of Orientalism. The paper ultimately argues that renaming reality does not change its underlying structure, and that the postmodern belief in the power of language to transform geopolitical realities is akin to magical thinking. It concludes that the critique of Orientalism has not fundamentally altered the eternal principles and interests guiding global geopolitical strategies.

Forecast of Corruption: From Ethical to Pragmatic Considerations

From an ethical standpoint, combating corruption is crucial for promoting justice and equality. The rule of law and ethical governance involves clear standards of behavior for public servants and mechanisms for ensuring these standards are upheld. Corruption undermines public trust in government and democratic institutions and exacerbates social inequality and injustice (disproportionately affects the poor and marginalized groups, denying them access to essential services and opportunities). The fight against corruption during a full-scale war has ethical and purely pragmatic implications for Ukraine, the data of which formed the basis of this study. The lack of tangible progress in the fight against corruption in general, the lack of transparency of many institutional mechanisms in public administration, the revealed corruption schemes in the distribution of international military and humanitarian aid, as well as in the field of public defence procurement, the lack of punishment for corrupt officials in the highest echelons of power threaten the loyalty of international donors and allies, reduce Ukraine’s authority in the international arena, slows down Ukraine’s movement towards the EU, and significantly affects the decisions of foreign partners. The article demonstrates the results of forecasting the future level of corruption in Ukraine (for 2024‒2027) based on the retrospective dynamics of the Corruption Perceptions Index by Transparency International for 1998‒2023. Two economic and mathematical models are used for forecasting: Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), which better reflects long-term historical trends and fluctuations, and the exponential smoothing method, which is more sensitive to the latest values of the time series. The statistical analysis package STATISTICA was used for the calculations. The forecasting results are disappointing since both methods showed an expected decrease in the level of corruption in 2024-2027, but in critically low volumes: by 1 point according to the ARIMA model and by 3-4 points according to the exponential smoothing method. The results of this study can serve as a basis for public advocacy campaigns as an argument for the need to radically revise the existing format of anti-corruption policy in Ukraine given its European future.

ANALYSIS OF THE EXPORT AND IMPORT OPERATIONS DYNAMICS IN UKRAINE AND THE EU

Objective. The objective of the article is to analyze the current trends in export-import transactions between Ukraine and the EU and to determine their features during the large-scale invasion. Methods. During the research, the following methods are applied: the dialectical method of learning processes and phenomena (for a qualitative study of the dynamics of export-import operations between Ukraine and the EU); graphical method (for graphical presentation of current dynamics and forecast values of export-import operations between Ukraine and the EU); index (to estimate the share of imports and exports between Ukraine and the EU in the total volume of imports and exports of Ukraine, respectively); one-factor and three-factor autoregressive forecasting method (for forecasting the volume and share of export-import transactions between Ukraine and the EU). Results. Before the large-scale invasion, the EU was one of Ukraine's key foreign trade partners. As of 2021, the EU accounted for 50% of Ukrainian exports. In the case of imports, the share of the EU was 63% of all imports to Ukraine. Since the beginning of the large-scale invasion, the share of exports from Ukraine to the EU has increased to 70%, underscoring the importance of the EU as a major trading partner that not only contributes to economic stability, but also provides important logistics routes for the export of Ukrainian goods to global markets. Forecasting the share of imports and exports between Ukraine and the EU shows that, despite the decrease in exports and imports due to the large-scale invasion, the share of exports to the EU in total exports of Ukraine will increase, while the share of imports from the EU will remain constant. This testifies to the stability and importance of trade relations between Ukraine and the EU in the difficult conditions of modern global challenges. The executed forecast is based on the assumption that the large-scale invasion will continue. If the situation changes and the period of post-war recovery comes, it will be necessary to build a new forecast that will reflect new prospects for economic growth and integration of Ukraine into the world economy.

FEATURES OF FOREIGN TRADE BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE USA IN 2015-2023

Objective. The objective of the present study is to analyze the state and identify the features of the development of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and the United States in 2015-2023. Methods. The following methods and techniques of cognition were used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction (to substantiate the importance and role of the United States in the development of Ukraine's foreign trade relations), analysis of series of dynamics (to identify trends and patterns of development, peculiarities of the dynamics of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and the United States), graphical (to visualise the peculiarities of the development of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and the United States). Results. Based on the study of the status and peculiarities of development of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and the USA in 2015-2023, the author establishes that despite the fact that the history of development of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and the USA dates back to 1992, during 1992-2023, more than 100 different agreements were concluded between Ukraine and the USA, during the period under analysis, the USA was not the main foreign trade partner of Ukraine - the share of trade with the USA accounted for an average of 7.5% of Ukraine's foreign trade turnover. It is proved that during 2015-2023, foreign trade relations between the countries steadily developed and deepened, which was reflected in the growth of the share of foreign trade between the countries in the total foreign trade of Ukraine by 6.4%. It is established that during 2015-2021, the lion's share of foreign trade turnover between the countries was formed by foreign trade in goods, but starting from 2022 - by foreign trade in services (in 2022, foreign trade in services accounted for 82.1% of foreign trade between Ukraine and the United States, in 2023 - 76.9%). It was determined that in 2015-2023: the rate of growth of the volume of foreign trade in services of Ukraine and the USA was almost 6.5 times higher than the rate of growth of the volume of foreign trade in goods, as of 2023, foreign trade in services significantly exceeded foreign trade in goods in terms of volume; the balance of foreign trade in goods was negative and constantly growing; the coefficient of coverage of imports by exports was characterized by a constant tendency to decrease; the main articles of Ukrainian commodity exports to the USA were products made of cast iron or steel, iron and steel, preparations made from vegetables, fruits, nuts or other parts of plants; imports - means of transport, except railway or tram rolling stock; mineral fuel, petroleum products and products of their distillation; machines and mechanical devices, boilers, nuclear reactors, their parts; the balance of foreign trade in services was both positive (in 2015-2021) and negative (in 2022-2023); the coefficient of coverage of imports by exports significantly decreased by almost 0.93 points; the main articles of Ukrainian export of services to the USA were: air transport services; construction; services related to financial activities; financial services paid directly; auxiliary services in the field of financial activity; services related to patent activity; services in the field of telecommunications, computer and information services; computer services; information services; scientific and technical services; imports of Ukrainian services from the USA were: state and governmental services; auxiliary services in the field of financial activity; services related to financial activities; trade-related services and brokerage services other royalties.

DETERMINANTS OF EXTERNAL ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN 2010-2022

Objective. The objective of the present study is to analyze the level of economic security in general and foreign economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2021, in particular, to identify disincentive factors and stimulators of foreign economic security in 2010-2022. Methods. The following methods and techniques of cognition are applied: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction (to justify the complementary relationship between economic and foreign economic security), analysis of series of dynamics (to identify the state and trends inherent in indicators of economic and foreign economic security of Ukraine), tabular (for visual presentation of factual data on the level and dynamics of economic and foreign economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2021 and 2010-2022, respectively ). Results. On the basis of the conducted study of the level of economic security in general and external economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2021, in particular, it is determined that during the period under the analysis, the level of economic security of Ukraine was on average 40%, foreign economic security – 35%, which corresponds to a dangerous state. At the same time, foreign economic security is proposed to be considered as the state of protection of the country's national economic interests in the field of foreign economic relations, which is based on the country's ability to ensure sustainable economic growth and increase the welfare of the population in the long term; protect their national resources and markets from external threats; influence world economic processes and defend their interests in the international arena. It is identified that the factors stimulating foreign economic security of Ukraine in 2010-2022 were: high level of openness of the economy; the specifics of export-import operations – the value of exports significantly exceeded the value of imports, a high level of focus on one geographical direction was observed – one foreign trade partner, one product; low level of processing of goods and specialization in trade in raw goods with a low level of processing; low level of utilization of the transit capacities of the gas transportation and oil transportation system; sufficiently high level of import dependence; insufficient level of diversification of the economy. It is determined that despite the lack of factors stimulating the country's foreign economic security during 2010-2022, the following positive trends are observed during this period: decrease in the openness of the national economy, decrease in the level of foreign trade dependence of Ukraine on leading partner countries, decrease in the level of dependence on export volumes countries from the leading product (product group).

Международные тренды цифровизации валютно-финансовых отношений: от глобализации к децентрализации

The need for the use of new, digital forms of organization of monetary and financial settlements with foreign partners, as well as the formation of a national system of secure payments. The article presents the result of analysis of motivations of introduction of digital currencies of central banks (positive and negative moments of the considered process). The article gives an overview of existing international payment systems, including the Russian one, and identifies advantages and disadvantages. The main tendencies of the cryptocurrency market as a possible mechanism of formation of decentralized finance are considered.

Verification of a foreign business partner based on examples of chosen public open-source registers in the context of due diligence

Verification of a foreign business partner based on examples of chosen public open-source registers in the context of due diligence

Joint advertising: the impact of domestic, foreign, and global partners on cognitive fit

PurposeJoint advertising is an emerging strategy where marketers promote both brands in the same marketing communication. This research determines how the domestic, foreign, or global nature of the partner impacts important brand-related outcomes and identifies underlying psychological process mechanisms and contextual variables that affect this relationship.Design/methodology/approachAcross three experiments, we investigate how the type of joint advertising partner impacts consumer attitudes and behaviors. We establish the number of similarities between the partners and perceived cognitive fit as the mediating process mechanisms underlying this relationship, with holistic processing moderating the effect.FindingsWe find that when consumers are exposed to joint advertisements between domestic or global [foreign] brands, they will be able to generate more [fewer] similarities between the partners and perceive a stronger [weaker] cognitive fit. Moreover, these similarities interact with consumer cultural traits related to holistic processing style to differentially influence perceived cognitive fit and downstream consumer attitudes and behaviors.Originality/valuePartnering for mutually beneficial, joint advertisements is a growing phenomenon that redefines traditional thinking about advertising, but the success of the joint advertisement is contingent upon the characteristics and compatibility of the partners.

Features of State Support for the Agricultural Sector in Russia and Other Countries in the Context of Structural Changes in the Economy

The implementation of structural changes in the economy is conditioned by modern conditions characterized by numerous challenges of a geopolitical, socio-economic and climatic nature, endangering the national security of States. This is manifested in changes in the distribution of factors of production, in the production of gross value added by sectors, the search for new markets for products, which causes the transformation of conditions that determine economic dynamics, that is, an increase in the importance of some sectors and a decrease in the importance of other sectors. Thus, in Russia in 2023 there was a large-scale structural shift, with the manufacturing industry becoming the main driver of the economy. There is a potential for economic growth in the country based on structural changes caused by a change in the technological level of production and the transformation of foreign economic relations, which is true for all sectors of the economy, including the agricultural sector. Currently, this sector is particularly faced with issues of ensuring food security, maintaining agricultural producers’ incomes, technological sovereignty, introducing resource-saving technologies, establishing new transport and logistics routes, diversifying production in accordance with changing demand, increasing the competitiveness of agri-food products on the world market, and exporting products with high added value. In the current circumstances, government regulation is especially necessary aimed at improving the institutional conditions for the development of the agricultural sector of the economy and the agri-food market, creating an effective management apparatus at the governmental and regional levels for the successful implementation of strategic directions for the development of the sector, including increasing costs for basic science and long-term technological developments and the development of industrial cooperation both within the country and with foreign partners.

Construction and Application of a Prediction Model for Students’ Satisfaction in Chinese-Foreign Cooperatively-Run Educational Programmes Based on Machine Learning

The increasing popularity of educational programs by Chinese and foreign partners in China's universities presents challenges in administration due to differences in organization, social expectations, and academic requirements. This study presents a prediction model using Machine Learning techniques to assess student satisfaction levels. The Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) framework, enabled by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was used to collect data from 1,237 students. The approach was compared to other ML models like Random Forest, Linear Regression, Naïve Bayes, and Support Vector Machine and trained and validated using 5-fold cross-validation. The PCA+GBM model scored most effectively of significant metrics, with 93% accuracy, 92% precision, 91% recall, and 91.5% F1-score. Policymakers and educational administrators can use the outcomes as an incentive to enhance the strategy and standard of Higher Education (HE) that are run in collaboration between China and foreign countries.

Gender-Based Violence against Zimbabwean Migrant Women in Botswana

This study prioritises the experiences of Zimbabwean migrant women and their human security in the context of gender-based violence in Botswana. The study utilised the social constructivism theory and the social-ecological model to provide a comprehensive understanding of how gender-based violence occurs in society and how social realities construct migrant women’s experiences. Using a qualitative research approach, secondary data was collected to investigate the gender-based violence experiences of Zimbabwean migrant women. The study found that migrant women experienced various forms of abuse, including intimate partner violence with both foreign and local partners, sexual violence and harassment in their host communities, trafficking and smuggling, and sexual abuse in detention centres, all rooted in xenophobic sentiments. Power imbalances and irregularities in structural relationships between men and women were identified as significant factors contributing to violence. The findings indicate that cultural beliefs and gender roles from the country of origin and host country contribute to migrant women’s reluctance to report or disclose their experiences of gender-based violence. Patriarchal ideologies further affect judgment towards survivors and contribute to the acceptance and normalization of gender-based violence. This study contributes to the literature on human insecurities faced by migrant women and their responses to these insecurities. It highlights the need for policies that address the underlying causes of gender-based violence and promote the empowerment of migrant women.

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF A TEACHER TRANSLATION AS A METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEM

The article discusses the radical changes in the education system in our country require new ideas and approaches to teaching, both foreign languages and translation. The process of globalization, international contacts and cooperation with foreign partners have contributed to the creation of numerous translation departments at higher educational institutions. The profession of “Translator” is in demand now more than ever.

City diplomacy as a mechanism of multi-level solidarity and support for Ukraine: A study of the changes following the 2022 Russian invasion

The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 changed the situation in Europe, impacting various aspects, such as politics, security, and international relations. It also underscored the significance of local authorities, particularly cities, in responding to and addressing the consequences of the crisis. The paper answers the questions on the impact of the Russian invasion on the international partnerships of Ukrainian cities, the role of city diplomacy in promoting solidarity and support for Ukraine, and the dynamics of multi-level cooperation in supporting Ukraine during the war. This research was based on a survey sent to 56 Ukrainian cities, of which 70% of them responded. The findings indicate that almost 90% of Ukrainian cities receive diverse forms of support from foreign partners, and two-thirds of them engage in forging new partnerships. Moreover, through many multi-level initiatives, they contribute significantly to the dynamic interplay between local, national, and international levels of governments. These results highlight the noteworthy role of cities in international relations as actors in times of war.

Система внутреннего контроля (комплаенс) в предупреждении коррупционных преступлений (зарубежный опыт)

Studies of foreign experience of the development of anti-corruption compliance are characterized by several significant aspects: determination of best practices (studies of foreign experience give an opportunity to single out efficient corruption combating methods and mechanisms that can be applied and adapted in the national environment); understanding international standards, which can be important for international corporations and organizations; professional development (knowledge of foreign experience enables corruption combating specialists and experts to develop their competencies and improve quality of their work); attraction of investments (availability of an efficient anti-corruption system based on international standards can facilitate attraction of external investments and ensure trust of foreign partners). Studies of foreign experience of the development of anti-corruption compliance is an important step in raising corruption combating efficiency and improving the business environment in general.

СЕТЕВОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ ПРИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОЕКТОВ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНОЙ ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ: СУЩНОСТЬ, ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИОННЫЕ ПРИЗНАКИ

Solving the task set by the state for defense industry enterprises to increase the share of high-tech civilian products to 50 % by 2030 requires accelerating the process of increasing innovative potential. To a large extent, the implementation of this plan is seen through the creation of network interaction between the defense industry and subjects of innovative activity that have the necessary potential. The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristics of the network, its identification characteristics, which make it possible to identify types of networks for the implementation of projects for the production of high-tech civilian products. Objectives of the study: to substantiate the relevance of using the network approach in organizing the integration interaction of various levels of government and defense industry enterprises; to explore the concept of a network, highlighting scientific approaches that form different ideas about the essence and structure of the network; to identify the main identification features of networks; to justify the need to carry out a typology of networks within the framework of the identified types of ongoing projects for the production of high-tech civilian products with the participation of the innovative potential of defense industry enterprises. The methodological basis of the study is the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Research is based on the study of conceptual ideas about the functioning of networks, their systematization and generalization. The result of the study is an analysis of existing approaches to defining the content of the concept of a network; highlighting the main identification features; determination of the types of ongoing projects for the production of high-tech civilian products. The use of a network approach allows for strategic interaction and integration of the state, regions, and defense industry enterprises; building innovation capacity to accelerate market entry and expansion; attracting foreign partners as participants in network interaction. The revealed identification features are implemented to varying degrees when organizing network interaction within the framework of selected types of projects for the production of high-tech civilian products. In this regard, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop a typology of networks for the implementation of these types of projects.

Implications of technological advancement of surgery in low and middle-income countries' a narrative review.

Countries that are striving to keep pace with emerging technologies in surgical practices and still not able to cope with exemplary international standards are in dire need of resources to build and strengthen their healthcare system. This review focusses on the impeding factors that hinder in adaptation of advanced technology and machinery in the health care industry. Considering the immense potential for current surgical technologies to transform the delivery of healthcare, their implementation in LMICs confronts considerable challenges due to lack of infrastructure, human capital and inadequate resources. To address these difficulties, various entities, including healthcare institutions, government and non-governmental organisations, and foreign partners, must work together. Building capacity through intended education and training initiatives, building infrastructure, and collaborative partnerships are critical for overcoming hurdles to effective deployment of surgical technology in low-income communities of the world.

A Comprehensive Review of the Impact of Perceived Power Sector Instability on Foreign Partnerships in the Nigerian Construction Industry

The study explores the impact of perceived instability in Nigeria's power sector on the construction industry. The emerging economy has seen significant growth, attracting foreign investments for infrastructural development. However, persistent challenges and perceived instability raise concerns about reliability and sustainability. Key factors include power outages frequency, power supply adequacy, and regulatory responsiveness. The study also examines the correlation between power sector stability and investment climate, considering factors like project delays, cost overruns, and financing impacts. The findings aim to contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics between perceived power sector instability and foreign investments in the construction industry and propose policy recommendations to foster a more sustainable and resilient investment environment. Keywords: Power Sector, perceived power Instability, Foreign Investment, Construction Industry, Infrastructure Development, Regulatory Framework.

Comprehensive analysis and assessment of the production and export potential of organic niche products

The object of the study is the determination of ecological and economic efficiency in relation to the production of organic niche products. The strategic perspective of the production and export of organic niche products in Ukraine is considered as one of the ways to overcome economic challenges exacerbated by global instability and geopolitical tensions. The production of organic products is outlined as a strategically important direction of the country's agricultural sector, which has significant export potential, especially to the countries of the European Union, where there is a steady increase in demand for organic products. A comprehensive approach to strategy implementation is proposed, which includes market research, production development, marketing and branding, as well as optimization of logistics and export processes. The dynamics of the main indicators of the development of organic agriculture in Ukraine from 2010–2021, the volume of imports of organic products to the countries of the European Union by exporting countries were analyzed. To date, only 1 % of agricultural crops are «eco», the volume of organic products has significantly increased, and the yield of organic products has increased by 5–20 % with a corresponding reduction in material costs. Since the end of the 1990s, the agricultural sector of Ukraine began to focus intensively on organic production, taking into account the growing global trend towards the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex, etc. Given their uniqueness, growing niche crops can offer advantages such as minimal competition and the potential for significant profits, especially when the products find widespread use. A comparative analysis of the production of organic products on the domestic and foreign markets of Ukraine was conducted. A SWOT analysis of the production of organic products in Ukraine was developed to determine the strengths and weaknesses. The practical value is providing advice to producers on growing niche crops, creating market demand, attracting foreign partners to implement such projects in Ukraine, which will contribute to strengthening the economic potential of agricultural producers. This will help increase the competitiveness of domestic enterprises in the local and global markets, make them more resistant to economic challenges and help reduce risks, etc.

РОССИЙСКИЕ КОМПАНИИ В ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ЦЕПОЧКАХ ДОБАВЛЕННОЙ СТОИМОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПЕРЕХОДА К НОВОМУ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОМУ УКЛАДУ

The article addresses world trade’s global trends related to the increasing role of technology under the transition to a new technological way. Meanwhile, technology-intensive segments of global value chains generate high value-added and play a strategic role in entering new markets today. This situation creates challenges and risks for Russian companies in the context of their participation in GVCs. The article notes the high degree of digital and technological dependence on foreign partners. The problem of the widening of the digital divide is analyzed. The article highlight the following key sources of external challenges facing national companies: the concentration of control over digital and technological GVCs in the hands of several market “giants”, as well as and the wide use of competition-distorting practices aimed to conquer the most profitable segments of the GVC. Western countries are increasingly resorting to such practices, including as part of their sanctions polic. In some cases, these countries justify their measures on national security grounds, “tailoring” them to respective exceptions to the rules of the World Trade Organization. The article also explores other tools used by Western countries with a view to legitimize the measures they take to “redivide” the high-tech market and/or maintain leading positions in it. Large-scale import-substituting subsidies for technological development are the example. Taking into account the identified challenges and threats, the article provides for possible directions for increasing the efficiency of participation of Russian companies in the GVCs and thus achieving the long-term task of strengthening the global competitiveness of the Russian economy.