Foreign Participation Research Articles

РОЛЬ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ КОРИДОРОВ У ПРОЦЕСІ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНУ У СВІТОВУ ЕКОНОМІКУ

The article discusses the concept, purposes of creation and general characteristics of international transport corridors. The authors provide a brief description of the prerequisites for the formation and development of international transport corridors, and also consider the contribution of international transport corridors to the development of the national economy of the state-participants of the transport system from the point of view of micro- and macroeconomic indicators. The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of international transport corridors in the process of integration of Azerbaijan into the world economy. The object of the research is logistic principles of international transport corridors in the process of integration of Azerbaijan into the world economy. The methods used in the research. Here are used methods of categorical analysis and synthesis to study theoretical approaches to determining the essence and features of omnichannel loyalty programs. In addition, the description of the transformation of loyalty programs required the use of the observation method to display market trends and vectors of their influence on the specified process, as well as specification - to highlight and characterize relevant digital tools. Research hypothesis. The construction of new international transport corridors in the process of integration of Azerbaijan into the world economy will be a guarantee of the development of this region and its economic opportunities. Presenting main material. The conclusions contained in this article on the importance of international transport corridors for the economy of the state can be used in the future to assess the need to develop transport and logistics infrastructure within the framework of already functioning international transport corridors, to determine new strategic directions for the formation of new international transport corridors in the context of changing macroeconomic prerequisites and redistribution of traffic flows, including due to the introduction of sanctions, as well as to assess the prospects for the formation of new transport corridors. The originality and practical significance of the research. International transport corridors (ITC) in the context of global integration processes and the global division of labor are one of the most important factors in the development of the world economy. International transport corridors ensure the creation and functioning of stable transport links between various foreign participants in international economic relations. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. Of course, it is difficult to deny the importance of international transport corridors for the development of the global economy. At the same time, scientific interest arises in relation to what prerequisites lie behind the formation of international transport corridors and what contribution they make to the development of national economies of states through whose territory the national part of international transport corridors passes.

Cross-border capital flows and low-carbon economic development: Examining the impact of foreign shareholding

This study utilizes data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2021 to explore the impact of foreign shareholding on the development of a low-carbon economy and the underlying mechanisms. Findings show that foreign shareholding significantly reduces corporate carbon emissions and promotes corporate environmental responsibility and low-carbon transformation. The paper further investigates how foreign shareholding reduces carbon emissions by increasing corporate investments in environmental protection and driving green innovation. Foreign participation is found to improve the efficiency of corporate resource allocation and innovation capabilities, allowing for continuous improvements in low-carbon technologies and production processes. The study also examines the effect of corporate environmental strategies and green technology advancement on the relationship between foreign shareholding and carbon emissions, revealing the heterogeneity of foreign investment impacts on low-carbon development under different corporate environments and capabilities.

Features of foreign investment in business companies that occupy a dominant position in the commodity market

The object of the study is certain issues of the procedure for foreign investments in strategic sectors of the economy. The subject of the study is devoted to the procedure for making foreign investments in business entities that occupy a dominant position in the commodity market. The dominant economic entity has market power, which provides an opportunity to shape the economic environment by determining the number of market participants, the behavior of suppliers of goods (works, services) and their consumers. The author examines the issues of necessary regulatory approvals of transactions of foreign investors for the acquisition of assets of dominant entities, as well as general antitrust and special rules for determining the existence of a dominant position in business entities operating in various sectors of the economy. The methodological basis of the study was based on systematic and formal legal methods, as well as the method of technical and legal analysis. The conclusions of the study are based on the constitutionally significant goals of ensuring national defense and state security, Russian legislation provides for the need to obtain additional regulatory approvals for foreign participation in business entities that occupy a dominant position on the market. At the same time, the book value of assets and the amount of revenue of a foreign investor does not matter, a group of persons to which he belongs, as well as a business entity whose assets are planned to be acquired by a foreign investor (a group of persons to which a foreign investor belongs), unlike transactions subject to approval within the framework of antimonopoly control. In some cases, the control of foreign investments applies special rules for determining the fact of market dominance for some business entities, which differ from the rules of antimonopoly legislation.

Об актуальности наследия Вл.С. Соловьева

The general characteristics of the materials of the International “Round table” “Relevance of V.S. Solovyov's legacy: philosophy, philology, cultural studies (modernity calls and possible answers)” devoted to the discussion of the problems of V.S. Solovyov's legacy research are presented. The initiator and organizer of the scientific event was the editorial board of the journal “Solovyov studies”. The discussion was attended by Russian and foreign specialists – philosophers, philologists, cultural scientists from the largest universities and academic centers in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Kostroma, Saransk, Astrakhan. Foreign participants are researchers of V.S. Solovyov's legacy from Italy, Spain, and France. It is noted that the discussion participants focused on the problems of historiography and source studies of Russian philosophy in general and the legacy of V.S. Solovyov. The relevance of the ethical vector of his historiosophical ideas is pointed out to the philosophical unreasonableness and politicization of modern attacks on Solovyov's legacy, the lack of a fundamental scientific and philosophical research program. Attention is drawn to the need for further research into the historical and philosophical context of the formation of V.S. Solovyov's philosophical views and their influence on the subsequent development of culture, on the prospects of the projects “logic of unity” and “philosophy of neo-unity” being developed. The relevance of the idea of Christian unity by V.S. Solovyov is noted. Promising directions for further philological study of his work are revealed. The role of the journal “Solovyov Studies” in the development of Russian and foreign Solovyov studies is determined.

PANCASILA AND MANAGEMENT OF MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITIVE MARKET IN THE STUDY OF THE NATIONAL CRIMINAL CODE NUMBER: 1 OF 2023 AND CHINESE FOREIGNERS

In Indonesia, the National Criminal Code (KUHP) is based on the principles of Pancasila. This paper analyzes the legal and ethical frameworks guiding market practices in Indonesia, while examining the intersection of national legal standards and the influence of foreign participants in the economy. The research contributes to the understanding of how the integration of ideological values and legal regulations is integrated within the context of Indonesia's national Criminal Code Number 1 of 2023, particularly in relation to Chinese foreigners. This study provides insights into the legal, ethical, and economic practices guiding the management of monopolistic competitive markets in the study of the national criminal code number 1 in 2023 and China's foreign constitution. The analysis technique used is a qualitative approach that examines laws and regulations as reflections of Pancastila values, comparing them with Chinese foreign laws to understand how Pancasola principles can be applied to resolve monopoly cases. The study also examines whether the alignment of antitrust laws and economic democracy with Pancasilla leads to tangible improvements in market fairness and societal well-being. This research could provide insight into the practical implementation of ideologies in economic regulation and their impact on fostering a more equitable and transparent economic environment.

Action research: Increasing Turkish EFL Learners’ Speaking Self-Efficacy in English Online Sessions

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the critical role of students' speaking self-efficacy, motivation and engagement during English online sessions. Additionally, the current research aims to provide a fresh perspective on addressing challenges such as low self-efficacy, speaking anxiety, and low motivation among the students, which may hinder effective communication in the target language. This study provides a valuable starting point for language educators and researchers to explore the potential benefits of incorporating interaction with non-native speakers in language learning settings. The action research design employed in this study, guided by the identified sources of self-efficacy proposed by Bandura (1994). The research was successfully carried out in a Compulsory Preparatory Group in Listening & Speaking sessions, where students' proficiency level in English was pre-intermediate (B1). The primary goal of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in compulsory prep classes is to achieve mastery of English language skills. This proficiency is crucial as it enables the students to effectively engage with the extensive number of texts they will encounter, write essays, and, most importantly, communicate orally and deliver presentations in the target language once they transition to their respective faculties. Five guest-speakers from Egypt, Korea, Australia, Iran and Ethiopia were invited to join the sessions. The research procedure incorporates focus group discussions, enabling active student participation and feedback provision on each guest speaker, thereby promoting the development of speaking self-efficacy and boosting students’ motivation. Through this approach, students were exposed to essential opportunities for real-time language performance. The participation of foreigners in these sessions had a positive impact on students' English speaking self-efficacy and their overall performance. The findings of this research support the idea that integrating foreign guest-speakers effectively address challenges such as speaking anxiety, low self-efficacy, and low motivation among students in English online sessions.

Competitive positions of banks with foreign participation in the banking system Kyrgyz Republic

The article evaluates the main performance indicators of the main banks with foreign participation operating in the Kyrgyz Republic, presents the results of a rating analysis of these Kyrgyz banks by key indicators for the period 2018-2022 in order to determine the role of banks with foreign participation in the banking system of the republic.

Perencanaan Peningkatan Daya Dukung dan Perpanjangan Runway untuk Mendukung Penerbangan Internasional di Bandar Udara Adi Soemarmo-Surakarta Menggunakan Software FAARFIELD dan COMFAA

Surakarta City or often called Solo is one of the areas in Central Java Province that has many international events every year. The implementation of international events also means that the participants come from abroad. The city of Solo has one airport that is accessed by foreign participants, namely Adi Soemarmo - Surakarta Airport. Adi Soemarmo Airport has one runway facility of 2500x45 m with a PCN value of 68 F/C/X/T. Based on historical data for international airplanes can land at Adi Soemarmo Airport - Surakarta with maximum weight restrictions by reducing aircraft fuel so that they have to stop at Kuala Lumpur Airport - Malaysia for refueling. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the PCN value and adjust the runway dimensions so that it can accommodate Airbus A330-900 aircraft with maximum load so that it can carry out direct flights to Jeddah, Mecca. Based on the results of data analysis using the ARFL method, FAARFIELD and COMFAA software, to be able to serve direct flights to Jeddah, a 534 m runway extension and 5.1 cm overlay are required so that the PCN value will increase to 135.3 F/C/X/T.

Becoming Wanghong: How Foreigners Achieve Internet Celebrity in China

The burgeoning internet celebrity industry in China has encouraged the emergence of foreign wanghong (洋网红) as active content producers on the Chinese internet. Achieving online fame and constructing a resonant personal brand while staying within Chinese state’s permissible boundaries is a challenge for all internet influencers in China. Foreign wanghong, for their part, also have to deal with Chinese publics’ ambivalence and fluctuating perspectives on engaging foreign culture, expectations around “being foreign” and cultural nationalism fed by the currents of geopolitics. This study focuses on the performance and personas of foreign wanghong and investigates how these creators navigate the complexities of the Chinese internet to achieve substantial followings. Going beyond treating foreign participants in Chinese digital media spaces as co-opted instruments of propaganda, we take seriously foreign creators’ articulations, constructions and self-presentations of foreignness and acculturation in their efforts to earn social, cultural and economic capital in the competitive Chinese internet celebrity sphere. A mixed-method content analytical study of several hundred Douyin videos generated by 33 foreign wanghong reveals the adoption of calculated self-presentation and cross-cultural communication skills alongside a constant negotiation of an individual’s own foreignness and local constructs of the “typical foreigner”.

Ethical management and stakeholder relations: Insights from Slovak companies with foreign participation

The practice of ethical management has gained traction due to its role in enhancing stakeholder relations, which can have severe repercussions for organisations. By prioritising ethics, companies not only uphold moral principles but also gain a competitive advantage. This is particularly true in societies that value socially responsible business and give preference to companies that go beyond the requirements of the law. Understanding the significance of ethical management practices is therefore becoming key to creating a responsible and sustainable business environment that benefits both an organisation and its stakeholders, such as employees, consumers and society. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive exploration of the impact of selected aspects of ethical management in Slovak companies with foreign participation on the ethicality of their relationships with stakeholders. By examining a range of factors related to ethical management, the article seeks to identify statistically significant differences among companies with different approaches to managing business ethics. Employing this analysis, the article contributes to the understanding of ethical practices in Slovak companies and provides insights for academics and practitioners of business ethics. The data used for this analysis was collected through an online questionnaire survey, resulting in a sample size of 179 monitored subjects, all of whom are Slovak companies with foreign participation. The research design included two groups of factors: “general factors of business ethics” or “ethical management approaches” and “ethicality of company-stakeholder relationships.” The statistical analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, followed by the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test, and post hoc analysis using the Bonferroni adjustment for previously identified significances. The results of the research presented in the article indicate a predominantly positive ethical stance towards employees, suppliers, customers and other stakeholders among Slovak companies. Statistically significant differences were found in the levels of ethicality in relation to legal form, with limited liability and joint-stock companies showing different perceptions towards supplier ethics. The research also proves that an ethical organisational climate is a major determinant of the ethicality of Slovak companies and suggests that a robust integration of ethics into strategic planning significantly improves their stakeholder relations. It can also be concluded that the scope of a code of ethics is particularly significant for community relations, whereas the frequency with which it is updated has less impact. This research holds significant value because it explores the impact of ethical management practices on stakeholder relations and ethical issues in Slovak companies with foreign participation. By focusing on the specific context of Slovak companies, the research offers unique insights into the relationship between ethical management factors and stakeholder dynamics. This research aims to bridge a gap by shedding light on the intricate dynamics between ethical management and stakeholder relations. The findings provide valuable guidance to organisational leaders, policymakers and stakeholders in fostering ethical behaviour and mitigating ethical risks within companies.

The impact of foreign participation on risk-taking in Chinese commercial banks: The co-governance role of equity checks and foreign supervision

This study examines how foreign equity participation affects the risk-taking of commercial banks using Chinese bank-level data from 2012 to 2020. The results indicate that foreign equity participation significantly reduces bank risk, and there is a U-shaped relationship between the foreign shareholding ratio and bank risk. Mechanism analysis reveals that augmenting foreign ownership strengthens shareholder equilibrium and boosts the presence of foreign directors. This structure enhances dual governance mechanisms, lowering the risk in banking activities. Considering that confounding factors affecting mediator and dependent variables can cause bias in coefficient estimation, we used machine learning methods to determine the best predictive factors affecting bank risk-taking. We indirectly verified the theoretically driven empirical model by evaluating more explanatory variables and selecting subsets of explanatory variables. In addition, we find that governance enhancements are particularly pronounced in Chinese banks, characterized by smaller scale and less income diversification. Additionally, foreign ownership significantly impacts banks' market risk more than credit and operational risks. Our results imply that China's financial regulatory authorities need to shift the focus of supervision to examining foreign shareholding ratio and corporate governance ability.

Initial Public Offer (IPO) And Stock Market Performance

The success of initial public offers (IPOs) in India is the subject of this master's thesis. It centres on the performance of companies following an IPO, with an emphasis on listing gains and long-term performance (in relation to the market average). With a thorough examination of one of the largest initial public offerings (LICs), the thesis makes use of data from 40 IPOs that were listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) between January 2022 and December 2023. In order to determine whether the initial price fluctuations are substantial and long-lasting, it computes anomalous returns.By offering insights into the variables influencing IPO performance, the study hopes to assist investors, businesses, and policymakers. This can assist investors in making well-informed investment decisions, companies in making better decisions about going public, and legislators in developing efficient laws for the Indian IPO market.Because it explicitly targets the Indian market and takes into account a number of variables influencing IPO performance, the research is novel. Both domestic and foreign participants in the Indian financial system can benefit from knowing this information. KEY WORDS: INDIAN IPO, LISTING GAINS, POST-LISTING PERFORMANCE, STOCK MARKET.

Stduy on Recognition of Problems and Improvement Method in Beauty Contest: Targeting Judge and Organizing Committee Members

The study was conducted on judges and organizers of beauty contests in South Gyeongsang Province. According to a survey of 203 people, most were women in their 20s, who were highly educated (four-year college graduation or enrollment), and there were many people who were not married. There were many people who were active in the beauty field. According to the research results, caring for participants in the operation and service sectors of the competition was recognized as the biggest problem, and it was difficult to connect with various competition events in terms of education. In terms of cultural value, there was a perception that it did not meet the international level. The opinion that the focus should be on competition events and education as an improvement measure prevailed. In particular, there was a strong opinion that the promotion of competition regulations and screening regulations was necessary in advance. In addition, it was suggested that the development of competition events to improve participants' practical skills and the establishment of networks to attract foreign participants are important. Lastly, people with a lot of experience in beauty contests showed high awareness of the competition events and plans to improve education. The results of this study can be used as important information for the development of beauty contests in Korea.

A Microstructure Study of Indian Corporate Bond Market: A Review

This Review study explores various dimensions of the Indian capital market, encompassing both equity and bond markets. It delves into the influence of equity market factors, macroeconomic variables, and corporate bond market growth on the overall financial landscape. The relationship between equity market returns, equity market volatility (VIX), and the rupee-dollar exchange rate on bond yields. They highlight that increasing volatility in the equity market leads to a higher demand for fixed income securities, subsequently reducing bond returns. The underscores the significance of a robust corporate bond market for financial system stability, credit availability, and mitigating corporate sector crises. It reviews the growth of the Indian corporate bond market and its implications for monetary, fiscal, and economic variables. The results indicate that a comprehensive corporate bond market does not exhibit a significant positive or negative association with these variables. However, GDP emerges as a crucial factor for India's bond market development, particularly in terms of foreign participants. Lastly, the influence of macroeconomic variables on the Indian corporate bond market over a 23-year period. They reveal a significant correlation between corporate bond market issuance and foreign exchange reserves. Through multiple regression analysis, they found that all selected variables, except GDP and trade openness, significantly explain the volumes of corporate bonds. Collectively, their findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between equity market dynamics, corporate bond market growth, and macroeconomic factors in the Indian capital market. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and investors, aiding in informed decision-making regarding investment strategies, market stability, and economic growth.

Government Debt of Russia and the United States in the XXI century

This article has three parts. In the first part government debt is analyzed as the stock of government financial obligations in Russia and the USA. Obligations denominated in foreign currencies and direct credits are left behind because they are practically non-existent in US government financial transactions. Also excluded from the analysis are debts incurred by stateowned corporations, which are part of the corporate sector of the System of National Accounts. In the second part government debt is analyzed as a result of financial flows (borrowings) which show how debt changes over time. In both parts Russia is compared with the USA in terms of proportions between federal and sub-federal debts, domestic and foreign debts (Russia only), marketable and non-marketable debts as well as domestic and foreign participants of government securities markets. The third part of the article presents standard methodology of debt sustainability analysis and some results of Bohn test of debt sustainability for both countries.

Organ Procurement From Foreigners Who Died in Poland and Organ Transplantation to Foreigners

The aim of the work was to present data concerning organ donation from and transplantation to foreigners in Poland. Data came from registries maintained by the Polish Transplant Coordinating Center POLTRANSPLANT, consisting of the national waiting list, deceased donor registry, transplant registry, and live donor registry. In Poland, the rules for organ and tissue procurement for transplantation from foreigners who died in Poland and the rules for transplanting organs to foreigners are adopted and applied. Before the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, "cross-border" cases of donations and transplants were rather sporadic. After the outbreak of the war, due to the mass influx of Ukrainian citizens, the situation changed, and the participation of foreigners (mostly Ukrainians) in transplantation procedures increased significantly and, in 2022, accounted for the total number of events: approximately 4% in the case of donation, slightly over 1% in the case of qualifications for transplantation and almost 2% in the number of transplantations performed. Despite this increase, the number of events is not high or critical and does not affect the efficiency of organ transplantation medicine in Poland.

Participation of Foreigners in Public Health Insurance in the Czech Republic

Abstract Foreigners from third countries are not entitled to participate in the Czech public health insurance system unless they have either permanent residence in the Czech Republic or a Czech employer. This article aims to analyse the economic impact of the possible inclusion of such foreigners into the public health insurance system in the Czech Republic. First, we estimate the size of the group of foreigners concerned and follow with the estimation of contributions paid and the cost involved. The analysis is based on publicly available data that entail simplifications. The conducted research shows that the inclusion of foreigners from third countries into the public health system of the Czech Republic would positively impact the economic balance of the system in that the estimated contributions would surpass the estimated costs.

Balance of Interests of the State and the Copyright Holder in the Field of Intellectual Property for the Purposes of Competition Protection

The paper analyzes the balance of interests of the state and the copyright holder in the field of intellectual property for the purposes of competition protection. Having analyzed various measures of legal support by the state aimed at stable economic development through the prism of trust in the state and law, the author draws attention to «parallel imports.” The author also focuses on the possibility of limiting the protection of rights to intellectual property objects at the contract level due to the negotiating power of counterparties on whose sites production is located, which is similar to some Asian states. In the paper, the author analyzes the practice that took place before 2022 and compares it with the current state of ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of copyright holders. Summing up the study, the author believes that investment opportunities and trust for the state from both the society, representing the state, and national business and for foreign participants to international trade may be created through a solution that will allow the latter to fully realize their rights to intellectual property rights protection when resuming activities in the country.

Combining Health and Well-being: Designing a Modern Medicinal Garden to Meet Tourists' Expectations


 
 
 The tourism sector, a fast-growing, competitive, and diversified industry is a significant contributor to the global economy. Modern-day tourism embraces characteristics associated with history, nature, and leisure, thereby linking them with new destinations in a continual expansion. The main objective of this study was to develop a perception-based conceptual model for a sustainable medicinal garden (MG) that could benefit the tourism industry while supporting biodiversity conservation. The proposed MG aims to fulfill six intentions, such as, relaxing the mind from a busy day while treating illnesses and improving mental healthiness; incorporating leisure activities that are closely related to medical treatments; disseminating knowledge on Sri Lankan traditional medicine; promoting sustainable eco- friendly practices; increasing economic benefits for the country; and improving the community livelihood of the people in the region. The research focused on developing an MG using the perception intended for 144 local and foreign participants representing four tourist hubs (Galle, Kandy, Dambulla, and Udawalawe) in Sri Lanka. The study examined the expectations of MGs and their preference for the experience. The questionnaire was used to evaluate the visitors' perceptions of the proposed 40 components for the proposed MG, which enabled their ranking based on preferences. The mean preference value for the MG experience was recorded as 72.1%. 97.0% of tourists who participated in the survey preferred to experience the MG, exceeding the 50% acceptance level for all 40 components. Therefore, all 40 components were applied to the MG. However, 18 components exceeded the 75% acceptance level; therefore, they could be incorporated into the MG without changes. The other 22 were considered the accepted components with some minor modifications. Considering the selected region (Dambulla) and the architectural view, 124 medicinal plants were accepted for application to the MG, including terrestrial, water, fruit, and poisonous plants. The model MG consists of 3545 medicinal plants. Creating an MG with the concepts of traditional, cultural, sustainable, and eco-friendly was a different angle to addressing the Sri Lankan tourism sector. This research presents an overturned vision that considers tourism demand on novel concepts of traditional herbal tourism. A model MG was developed with modern architectural and environmental knowledge. Within a five-acre arbitrary land, three-dimensional structures were designed around the proposed model MG. The actual structure of the MG was visualized with a virtual walk-through using architectural software (i.e., AutoCAD 19.0, Sketch-Up Pro 2015, and Lumion 5.0). This model can promote minimal environmental impact through the processes, conserve the environment and gain economic benefits from all these eco-services to the tourism sector and Sri Lankan economy to the advantage of the community or country.
 Keywords: Eco-tourism, Architectural software, Medicinal plants, Traditional medicine, Sri Lankan economy
 
 

Bricks for the Pyramids: Foreign Participation in Egyptian Megaprojects

Bricks for the Pyramids: Foreign Participation in Egyptian Megaprojects