Foreign Material Research Articles

Cutaneous Hydrophilic Polymer Embolism: An Important and Overlooked Clinical Entity.

Hydrophilic polymer embolism from vascular medical devices is an underrecognized clinical entity that can cause deleterious end-organ ischemia and culminate in mortality. This is concerning as we are in the era where minimally invasive procedures are commonplace. Diagnosis is often made retrospectively after obtaining histopathological tissue samples showing endoluminal, cerebriform, amorphous, anucleate, basophilic, nonrefractile, nonpolarizable foreign body material. We detail 2 more cases of cutaneous hydrophilic polymer embolism to underscore its salient clinicopathological features and increase awareness of this important iatrogenic entity.

Comparison of Product Losses and Foreign Material Separation Efficiencies of Hazelnut Harvesting Machines under Different Orchard Yield Conditions

In this study, the possibilities of using the prototype manufactured hazelnut harvesting machine with a mechanical efficient harvesting unit and hazelnut harvesting machine with a pneumatic efficient harvesting unit in the mechanical harvesting of hazelnuts grown in flat and near flat land conditions were examined and the product losses and the efficiency values of separating foreign materials were determined to reveal how these machines affect the hazelnut harvesting system. For this purpose, the trials were carried out under five different orchard yield conditions (71.74, 143.48, 215.23, 286.97, and 358.72 kg ha-1). As a result of the experiments, the product loss and foreign material removal efficiency obtained by hazelnut harvesting with a hazelnut harvesting machine with a mechanical effective harvesting unit were determined between 34.39-37.92% and 96.91-95.62%, respectively. The product losses and foreign material removal efficiency values obtained by hazelnut harvesting machine with pneumatic effective harvesting unit were determined between 6.84-5.07% and 93.33-86.73%, respectively. The data to be obtained as a result of the study, in addition to examining the mechanical harvesting of hazelnuts, will enable the reasons for the changes that may occur in the performance characteristics of existing machines to be explained and suggestions can be made for improvement.

Recurrent, ICD-associated L. monocytogenes bacteraemia with multiple septic pulmonary embolisms over a 2-year period

BackgroundListeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen known for causing listeriosis, a foodborne illness with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from mild gastroenteritis to severe invasive disease, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, newborns, and the elderly. Successful treatment of patients with recurring listeria episodes due to colonised foreign material is often challenging, typically requiring a combination of antimicrobial treatment and surgical removal.Case presentationHere, we present a particularly complex case of chronic invasive listeriosis with a total of six relapses. After extensive investigations, the patient's ICD device was identified as the focus of infection.ConclusionThe confirmation of relapses through cgMLST analysis highlights the persistence of Listeria monocytogenes and the potential for recurrence even after apparent resolution of symptoms in patients with foreign material. It emphasises the necessity for a comprehensive assessment to identify and mitigate the risk of relapses, thereby ensuring optimal management and outcomes.

The interkingdom horizontal gene transfer in 44 early diverging fungi boosted their metabolic, adaptive, and immune capabilities.

Numerous studies have been devoted to individual cases of horizontally acquired genes in fungi. It has been shown that such genes expand the hosts' metabolic capabilities and contribute to their adaptations as parasites or symbionts. Some studies have provided an extensive characterization of the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in Dikarya. However, in the early diverging fungi (EDF), a similar characterization is still missing. In order to fill this gap, we have designed a computational pipeline to obtain a statistical sample of reliable HGT events with a low false discovery rate. We have analyzed 44 EDF proteomes and identified 829 xenologs in fungi ranging from Chytridiomycota to Mucoromycota. We have identified several patterns and statistical properties of EDF HGT. We show that HGT is driven by bursts of gene exchange and duplication, resulting in highly divergent numbers and molecular properties of xenologs between fungal lineages. Ancestrally aquatic fungi are generally more likely to acquire foreign genetic material than terrestrial ones. Endosymbiotic bacteria can be a source of useful xenologs, as exemplified by NOD-like receptors transferred to Mortierellomycota. Closely related fungi have similar rates of intronization of xenologs. Posttransfer gene fusions and losses of protein domains are common and may influence the encoded proteins' functions. We argue that there is no universal approach for HGT identification and inter- and intra-kingdom transfers require tailored identification methods. Our results help to better understand how and to what extent HGT has shaped the metabolic, adaptive, and immune capabilities of fungi.

The Effect of Different Orchard Ground Conditions on the Performance of A Mechanical Hazelnut Harvesting Machine

In this study, the values of harvesting efficiency, field productivity, kernel productivity, kernel losses, and foreign material separation efficiency of hazelnut harvesting machine with mechanical harvesting unit were determined under different orchard ground conditions (ground preparation before harvesting (OG1) and without ground preparation (OG2)). Also, it was observed how these conditions affect the operation of the hazelnut harvesting machine. For this purpose, the harvesting efficiency, field productivity, kernel productivity and kernel losses of the hazelnut harvesting machine in OG1 and OG2 plots at 265.50 kg ha-1 orchard yield, 1600 mm working width and 1.60 m s-1 working velocity in two different orchard grounds were 96.05%, 90.15%; 8.624 h ha-1, 9.839 h ha-1; 0.116 ha h-1, 0.102 ha h-1; 778.72 kg h-1, 739.76 kg h-1; 3.95%, 9.85%, respectively. The hazelnut harvesting machine with a mechanical harvesting unit can work independently from the ground conditions and we can say that it is an alternative to other hazelnut harvesting machines. The data obtained from the study will help the decision-making process for the best selection and use by providing the necessary technical information about the functional aspects of the machine. Complete mechanization of hazelnut harvesting will lead to a decrease in labor requirements, thus increasing product profitability through a decrease in production cost. The presence of machines with high-performance characteristics in hazelnut harvesting mechanization will shorten the time the product stays on the ground and increase the quality of the harvested product.

Gastric perforation after polyurethane foam ingestion

Introduction Acute intoxication rarely produces conditions that require urgent surgical care. Case summary A 45-year-old man presented to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain after the deliberate ingestion of 200 cm3 of polyurethane mixed with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and urethane primers. On an initial laparoscopic examination, foreign material was observed in the peritoneal space with haemoperitoneum. Emergency exploration was then undertaken for suspected gastric perforation. Full-thickness damage was identified on the stomach wall during the operation. The material in the gastrointestinal tract and peritoneal space was gently removed. Moulded casts of the entire stomach and distal oesophagus were extracted successfully. The patient was discharged 14 days after surgery. Images Computed tomography revealed foreign material occupying the entire gastric chamber, as well as diffuse gastric perforation. Conclusions Life-threatening gastric perforation can occur after polyurethane foam ingestion. Clinical/medical toxicologists and emergency physicians need to be aware of the highly expandable nature of this agent.

Minimal adverse events occur when inducing emesis with apomorphine in brachycephalic, mesocephalic, and dolichocephalic dogs.

To determine risks of complications with emesis induction and whether facial conformation is associated with the frequency of complications. 1,788 client-owned dogs that presented immediately or by referral from a primary care veterinarian following ingestion of toxic or foreign materials. Patients with emesis induced with apomorphine for removal of toxic or foreign materials were retrospectively identified. Collected data included patient factors, routes of apomorphine administration, other therapies, adverse events, and patient outcomes. 2 types of complications were identified in a very small number of patients (11 [0.6%]), with 3 (0.17%) having regurgitation postemesis and 8 (0.44%) having prolonged vomiting. No significant difference was found in the rates of repeated vomiting or regurgitation between brachycephalic dogs and nonbrachycephalic dogs (P = .375 and P = 1.00, respectively). Brachycephalic dogs had 1.6 times greater odds of having emesis induction due to toxin ingestion compared to foreign material ingestion. The presence of clinical signs of toxicity at the time of emesis induction was associated with regurgitation (P < .001), and the development of regurgitation was associated with admission to hospital (P = .001). This study found no increased risk of complications when emesis was induced using apomorphine in brachycephalic breeds compared to nonbrachycephalic breeds, regardless of indication for emesis induction. Facial conformation is not a reason to withhold emesis induction.

Endoscopic Removal of Gastric Foreign Bodies with a Bottle Liner in 12 Dogs (2020-2023).

Endoscopy is widely used to remove gastric foreign bodies using grasping forceps and loop snares to manipulate and retrieve the foreign material. However, as not all foreign bodies can be removed using conventional endoscopic techniques, this case series describes the use of bottle liners for the removal of gastric foreign bodies in 12 dogs between 2020 and 2023. A 4 oz bottle liner (Drop-Ins) was placed at the end of the endoscope and pushed into the stomach. With the help of forceps introduced into the operating channel, the foreign body was pushed into the bottle liner. The bottle liner containing the foreign body was then extracted with the help of traction threads. The technique was used as the initial retrieval method in 5 dogs because of smooth (i.e., difficult to grasp) or sharp (i.e., that may damage the digestive tract mucosa during removal) foreign bodies and as a rescue procedure in 7 dogs. Foreign body retrieval was successful in all 12 dogs, with minor complications reported in 5 dogs (erosions and bleeding of the gastroesophageal sphincter). The use of a bottle liner represents an affordable alternative to gastrotomy when foreign bodies cannot be grasped with forceps or snares.

An overview of the performance of AI in fracture detection in lumbar and thoracic spine radiographs on a per vertebra basis

PurposeSubtle spinal compression fractures can easily be missed. AI may help in interpreting these images. We propose to test the performance of an FDA-approved algorithm for fracture detection in radiographs on a per vertebra basis, assessing performance based on grade of compression, presence of foreign material, severity of degenerative changes, and acuity of the fracture.MethodsThoracic and lumbar spine radiographs with inquiries for fracture were retrospectively collected and analyzed by the AI. The presence or absence of fracture was defined by the written report or cross-sectional imaging where available. Fractures were classified semi-quantitatively by the Genant classification, by acuity, by the presence of foreign material, and overall degree of degenerative change of the spine. The results of the AI were compared to the gold standard.ResultsA total of 512 exams were included, depicting 4114 vertebra with 495 fractures. Overall sensitivity was 63.2% for the lumbar spine, significantly higher than the thoracic spine with 50.6%. Specificity was 96.7 and 98.3% respectively. Sensitivity increased with fracture grade, without a significant difference between grade 2 and 3 compression fractures (lumbar spine: grade 1, 52.5%; grade 2, 72.3%; grade 3, 75.8%; thoracic spine: grade 1, 42.4%; grade 2, 60.0%; grade 3, 60.0%). The presence of foreign material and a high degree of degenerative changes reduced sensitivity.ConclusionOverall performance of the AI on a per vertebra basis was degraded in clinically relevant scenarios such as for low-grade compression fractures.

Surgical Treatment of Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteraemia After n-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for Gastric Bleeding Varices.

n-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NCBA) is an effective therapeutic option for bleeding gastric varices but can sometimes be associated with adverse effects. Persistent bacteraemia is an unusual complication with a high mortality rate. We report the case of a 34-year-old man with history of cirrhosis due to Wilson's disease and severe portal hypertension who was hospitalized as a result of upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to fundic varices that were treated with NCBA. Eight weeks after the bleeding episode he was readmitted with a 14-day history of fever and chills. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from blood cultures. He presented with persistent P.aeruginosa bacteraemia despite correct antibiotic treatment. A PET-CT scan was performed to rule out infection source, and inflammatory changes at the NCBA site plug were found. A presumptive diagnosis of NCBA plug infection was considered. The case was evaluated by multidisciplinary board and indicated liver transplantation as treatment. However, the patient's bacteraemia persisted and therefore a vertical gastrectomy to remove the NCBA plug was performed. P.aeruginosa was also isolated from the plug. The patient was discharged with ceftazidime plus ciprofloxacin to complete 6weeks after surgery and he remained asymptomatic. Any foreign material such as NCBA is susceptible to being infected and should be considered in patients with persistent breakthrough bloodstream infections. The individualized treatment is recommended in this complex scenario.

Enhancing algal production strategies: strain selection, AI-informed cultivation, and mutagenesis

Microalgae are emerging as a sustainable source of bioproducts, including food, animal feed, nutraceuticals, and biofuels. This review emphasizes the need to carefully select suitable species and highlights the importance of strain optimization to enhance the feasibility of developing algae as a sustainable resource for food and biomaterial production. It discusses microalgal bioprospecting methods, different types of cultivation systems, microalgal biomass yields, and cultivation using wastewater. The paper highlights advances in artificial intelligence that can optimize algal productivity and overcome the limitations faced in current microalgal industries. Additionally, the potential of UV mutagenesis combined with high-throughput screening is examined as a strategy for generating improved strains without introducing foreign genetic material. The necessity of a multifaceted optimization approach for enhanced productivity is acknowledged. This review provides an overview of recent developments crucial for the commercial success of microalgal production.

Biocompatibility of polyurethane-coated breast implants: A histological comparison of implant capsules.

Biocompatibility describes the influence of materials on their biological environment. Implant material in the human body can cause a foreign body reaction and the formation of a capsule around the foreign material. Since capsular formation is the most frequent issue after breast-implant insertion, knowledge and awareness of biocompatibility is crucial, especially since worldwide, breast augmentation continues to be the most popular plastic surgery, with over 1.6 million procedures performed in 2020, according to surveys by the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS). This study includes 80 capsular samples of female patients who underwent revision surgery after breast-implant insertion at the University Hospital Regensburg. Capsules of breast implants with different surface structures (smooth, textured and polyurethane-coated) and shapes (round-shaped, anatomically-shaped) were analyzed histologically after hematoxylin-eosin-staining in respect to capsular thickness and layer formation. Capsular thickness and layering showed a statistically significant difference between polyurethane-coated and smooth as well as polyurethane-coated and textured implants. Capsules around polyurethane-coated implants presented greater thickness. However, the difference between smooth and textured implants was not statistically significant. Furthermore, the shape of the implants also indicated a statistically significant difference in capsular thickness. Implants of anatomical shape resulted in a thinner capsule than round-shaped breast-implants. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a thicker capsule around polyurethane-coated breast implants and no difference in capsular thickness between smooth and textured breast implants. Anatomically shaped breast-implants presented a thinner capsule than round shaped breast-implants.

A Critical Review of Nanosponge Based Formulation System from The perspective of Brain Targeted Drug Delivery

Brain tumor causes of millions of life every year due to poor treatment options. The blood-brain barrier prevents most of the treatment molecules to reach the tumor region. Tight junctions within adjacent brain endothelial cell lines including other components make the brain highly impermeable to all the unwanted and foreign materials. The antineoplastic drug molecules which has a molecular weight of less than 400 daltons and have less than 8 hydrogen bonds are only able to access the brain without any hindrance. Hence, most of the small and large anti-cancer drug molecules hardly can cross the barrier. To overcome these problems formulation scientists have adopted various strategies and techniques so that the intended drug molecule can reach the target region of the brain tumor. Among them nanosponges drug delivery is highly appreciated as emerging brain tumor targeted drug delivery. Nanosponges are tiny sponge in the size of nano range with a vesicle filled with various types of drugs. These kinds of the formulation can circulate throughout the blood and reach the target region where drugs are released in a controlled manner. This review article highlights the unique features of blood-brain barrier and novel strategies based on drug formulation to access the core of the brain tumor by overcoming the resistance rendered by blood brain barrier. In addition, it also demonstrates how nanosponges is emerging as one of the best options to prevail over various challenges associated with penetration of the blood-brain barrier.

THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL REPERTOIRE IN TRAINING CHINESE PIANO STUDENTS

The article raises the question of the use of musical opuses by Chinese composers in training future pianists and piano teachers within the framework of the higher education system of the People’s Republic of China. The relevance of introducing piano works by national composers into the educational repertoire of Chinese universities is considered. Teaching students based only on foreign material does not contribute to the growth of national consciousness and cultural identity. Future teachers should be well aware of their own roots and the musical heritage of their native country. Several practical recommendations are offered regarding the compilation of the educational repertoire and methodology for studying piano works by Chinese composers in Chinese universities.

Biodiesel Synthesis from the Waste Biomass

In this work, physicochemical properties of the waste used oil (WUO) were carried out for its aptness for biodiesel production. Burnt Animal Bone was used as a precursor for the biodiesel production. The produced biodiesel was characterized and the optimum biodiesel produced was determined via statistical analysis. This was with a view to add value to WUO and finding environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuel. WUO was obtained from eatery in Yenegoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The foreign materials and dirt in the oil was removed by filtration after preheating. The physiochemical and other parameters (cetane number, API, aniline point among others) properties of WUO were determined using standard methods. The BAB was burnt to ash in a furnace, sieved into fine powder, and then characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRF, BET adsorption, and qualitative analysis. Biodiesel production was done via base catalyst transesterification while statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 8.0. In order to ascertain the quality of the biodiesel, the physicochemical properties were determined. Results showed that the refined WUO properties were in line with oil property requirement for biodiesel production. The physicochemical characteristics of the WUO showed physical state of the oil to be liquid/dark brownish at 28 oC, viscosity 6.58 cP at 28 oC, acid value, 0.96 (mg KOH/g oil), FFA (% oleic acid), 0.48, iodine value, 152.00 (g I2/100g oil), peroxide value, 5.1 milli-equivalent of peroxide/kg of oil among others. The derived catalyst showed high basic strength with Calcium oxide (87.63 wt. %) as the dominant element in the catalyst. Optimum biodiesel yield was obtained at run 5 with 98.52 (%wt. /wt.) at reaction time of 30 min, catalyst amount of 2.0 (%wt.), reaction temperature of 100 oC, and ethanol-oil molar ratio of 4:1. The produced biodiesel properties conformed to the recommended standard ASTM D6751 and EN 14214. The study concluded that WUO could serve as feedstock for biodiesel production that is environmentally friendly and the derived catalyst could be used as a bio-base in Industries.

Morphological rationale for the application of titanium nickelide in reconstructive surgery of the diaphragm

Purpose of the study: to experimentally study the morphological features of the reaction of diaphragm tissue to porous titanium nickelide in comparison with medical felt.Materials and methods. A series of experiments was carried out on 20 rats. The animals were divided into two comparison groups: in the main group (n = 10), the reaction of diaphragm tissue to an implant made of titanium nickelide was studied; in the control group (n = 10), an implant made of medical felt (fluoroplastic-4) was used. Animals were removed from the experiment 14, 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. A histological study of the reaction of the diaphragm tissue to the implant was carried out, as well as the structural behavior of the material under study.Results. Macroscopically, after 14 days in the main group, a local adhesive process was noted. In the long term, the implant was covered with a thin connective tissue film without signs of inflammation. In the control group, after 14 days, phenomena of inflammatory infiltration with organ involvement were observed. After 30 days, the inflammatory infiltrate persisted with the formation of a connective tissue capsule. The implant increased in size with deformation, swelling, and in the long term, disintegration of the structure. Histologically, on the 14th day in both groups, granulation tissue formed between the implant and the diaphragm. By the 30th day in the main group, the number and thickness of collagen fibers increased, they filled the porous structure of the material. In the control group, the appearance of giant multinucleated cells was noted between the felt fibers, which are indicators of the body's tissue reaction to foreign material. On the 60th day in the main group, a regenerate of mature connective tissue formed around the implant, filling the pores of the material and spreading to the muscle fibers of the diaphragm. In the control group, a picture of productive granulomatous inflammation with phenomena of biodegradation of the material was observed.Conclusion. The results of the experiment demonstrated the absolute advantage of titanium nickelide in reconstructive surgery of the diaphragm. At the same time, the disadvantages of using medical felt associated with the body’s reaction to the material as a foreign body and the tendency to resorption are noted.

An Endosomal Escape Trojan Horse Platform to Improve Cytosolic Delivery of Nucleic Acids.

Endocytosis is a major bottleneck toward cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids, as the vast majority of nucleic acid drugs remain trapped within endosomes. Current trends to overcome endosomal entrapment and subsequent degradation provide varied success; however, active delivery agents such as cell-penetrating peptides have emerged as a prominent strategy to improve cytosolic delivery. Yet, these membrane-active agents have poor selectivity for endosomal membranes, leading to toxicity. A hallmark of endosomes is their acidic environment, which aids in degradation of foreign materials. Here, we develop a pH-triggered spherical nucleic acid that provides smart antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) release upon endosomal acidification and selective membrane disruption, termed DNA EndosomaL Escape Vehicle Response (DELVR). We anchor i-Motif DNA to a nanoparticle (AuNP), where the complement strand contains both an ASO sequence and a functionalized endosomal escape peptide (EEP). By orienting the EEP toward the AuNP core, the EEP is inactive until it is released through acidification-induced i-Motif folding. In this study, we characterize a small library of i-Motif duplexes to develop a structure-switching nucleic acid sequence triggered by endosomal acidification. We evaluate antisense efficacy using HIF1a, a hypoxic indicator upregulated in many cancers, and demonstrate dose-dependent activity through RT-qPCR. We show that DELVR significantly improves ASO efficacy in vitro. Finally, we use fluorescence lifetime imaging and activity measurement to show that DELVR benefits synergistically from nuclease- and pH-driven release strategies with increased ASO endosomal escape efficiency. Overall, this study develops a modular platform that improves the cytosolic delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics and offers key insights for overcoming intracellular barriers.

Parasitism and rumen impaction in a 5-month–old Yankasa ewe: A clinico-pathological report

We report concurrent acariosis, helminthosis and foreign body rumen impaction of multiple aetiologies in a 5-month-old Yankasa ewe from a multispecies flock on semiintensive management system. The clinical findings were tachycardia, hypothermia, bradypnea, diarrhoea, emaciation, lethargy, pale mucous membranes, and heavy tick infestation attached to the skin of the forelimb, hind limb, inguinal region, and the ears. Severe non-regenerative anaemia, marked neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia characterized the blood picture. The ewe was treated for endo and ectoparasites, along with fluid therapy. However, the ewe died in the course of treatment and the carcass was subsequently presented for necropsy. Gross findings included the presence of numerous ticks attached to the skin of the outer ears and interdigits, indigestible foreign materials in the rumen and numerous worms in the rumen, abomasum and the intestine. Laboratory analysis revealed that the ticks were Rhipicephalus sp. and Amblyomma sp. The rumen worms were identified as Paramphistomum sp., the worms from the abomasum were identified as Haemonchus contortus, and those of the intestine were identified as Moniezia expansa. Histopathologically, there was hypertrophy of the chief cells of the abomasum. There was a section of Haemonchus contortus surrounded by eosinophils within the mucosa of the abomasum. The villi of the intestine sloughed-off into the lumen. Based on the clinicopathological findings, the diagnoses of acariosis, helminthosis and foreign body rumen impaction were arrived at. The remaining animals in the herd were treated accordingly and the farmer was advised to ensure good farm management practices.

Watching the horizon: Coastal navigation strategies in the Balearic archipelago during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages

During the Middle and Late Bronze Age, communities across the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean) established a high degree of connectivity both between islands as well as between the islands and the mainland. Evidence of this phenomenon can be traced not only through the existence of foreign materials, but also through shared practices, habitus, and objects across the islands. To better understand the maritime mobility practices that underpinned this connectivity, we used GIS analyses to investigate the role of a group of sites located along the islands’ coastlines to examine whether they could be related to coastal navigation dynamics. By focusing on the visibility and prominence of these sites during navigation, we sought to understand if their locations were conducive to be used as landmarks that aided coastal navigation.

Russian manufacturing industry development in the context of import substitution

The relevance of the study is emphasized by the urgent need caused by the sanctions and geopolitical tensions, which manifested itself in disruptions in the foreign materials and consumer goods inflow to Russia. This in turn affected the operation of the country’s vast manufacturing sector. Such a scenario requires innovative conceptual paradigms development for managing the industrial sector in the forced import substitution era. This article attempts to identify and critically evaluate both existing and emerging strategic directions required to upgrade the nation’s industrial machinery to ensure its operational efficiency in the present circumstances. A scholarly effort con sisting of a thorough analysis and expert papers synthesis relevant to this issue has formed the basis of the study. The ways of solving the problems facing the Russian manufacturing industry in the conditions of forced adaptation and modernization have been traced and identified. The socio-economic vector occupies a central place in the formulated resolution, proclaiming the harmonious unification of efforts to diversify production as a potential lever to stimulate inter-sectoral industrial growth. The author has not only identified various areas ripe for strategic transformation, but also emphasized the critical turn towards a socio-economic trajectory that seeks to utilize all available factors. Collective organization of diversified industrial activities can indeed serve as a catalyst to break the current industrial impasse.