Foreign Entities Research Articles

몽골과 러시아 간의 경제협력 현황과 주요 과제

Diplomatic between Mongolia and Russia has developed rapidly from “Good Neighbor Relations” in 1993 to “Comprehensive strategic partnership” in 2019 while overcoming the stagnation during the 1990s through active political exchanges. In order to strengthen strategic cooperation, they have actively promoted policy sharing, which could lead to economic viability. With shared policies and political support, the two countries could increase bilateral trade to $10 billion. Infrastructure, such as the railroad and road transmission networks linking the two countries, was also expected to improve. Mongolia expected to increase exports of key commodities such as meat and knitted fabrics. And Russia has several key fields that it considers important in order to maintain its influence on Mongolia including the transportation sector such as railways, fuel supply and distribution, energy industry such as electricity, and mining industry such as uranium. In recent high-level talks between the two countries, the main agenda is to strengthen economic cooperation in these areas, namely, cooperation between state-owned enterprises, promotion of large-scale projects, human resources training, and expansion of capital investment. In some cases, they have restricted investment by foreign companies or private entities in related businesses. However, bilateral trade between the two countries barely reached to 2 billion US$. It seems that a different approach is needed to visualize the results of large-scale development projects and lead to trade expansion. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent trade relationship between Mongolia and Russia and major policy projects under the premise that the outcome of economic cooperation between the two countries will be shown in trade and investment relations.

The concept and features of the restriction of land rights of foreign individuals and legal entities in Ukraine

Purpose: the purpose of the article is to conduct an analysis of the peculiarities of the restriction of land rights of foreign natural persons, stateless persons and foreign legal entities under the legislation of Ukraine, as well as to formulate on this basis the definition of the specified term for the improvement of land legal terminology. Method. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material, as well as the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific knowledge were used during the research: analysis and synthesis, systemic-structural, comparative-legal, and historical-legal methods. Results. In the process of research, the meaning of the term "limitation of rights to land" of foreign individuals and legal entities in Ukraine was determined, which consists in the establishment of certain prohibitions that define the limits of possible behavior and lead to a narrowing of the scope of the land powers of the specified subjects in the process of acquiring and exercising rights by them ownership of land plots and land use rights, which complicates or makes impossible the acquisition or realization of their land rights. The term "restriction of rights to land" should be distinguished from the term "burdening rights to land" of foreign individuals and legal entities in Ukraine, which consists in imposing additional obligations on foreign entities in the process of exercising their rights to land, which complicates their realization land rights. Originality. In the process of the analysis, it was proven that restrictions on the land rights of foreign natural persons, stateless persons and foreign legal entities are established in the same scope and order as for citizens of Ukraine and legal entities of Ukraine. In addition, additional restrictions on land rights of foreign subjects may be established by provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine, other land laws for reasons of ensuring national security, preserving land as the main national wealth of Ukraine, ensuring priority access to land rights of citizens of Ukraine and legal entities of Ukraine. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the research field - for the further development of the problems of legislative regulation of restrictions on the rights to land of foreign natural persons, stateless persons and foreign legal entities under the legislation of Ukraine, as well as in the rule-making work - in the preparation of draft regulations , aimed at improving the legislative regulation of the legal status of foreign individuals, stateless persons and foreign legal entities as subjects of land relations.

The cost of foreign ownership: Voluntary sustainability reporting and financial performance in an emerging economy

PurposeMany emerging economy firms are under foreign owners' pressure to embrace the challenges of addressing corporate social responsibility (CSR) and consider adopting sustainability initiatives. However, it is not clear how foreign ownership plays a role to enable or inhibit these emerging economy firms from translating sustainability initiatives into improved financial performance. Utilizing neo-institutional theory, the authors argue that emerging economy firms that voluntarily report sustainability gain legitimacy in the eyes of shareholders and improve stock market performance. However, emerging economy firms may not have the resources to reconcile the internal stakeholders' various legitimacy requirements to promote sustainability practices, resulting in a negative association with accounting performance. Foreign ownership attenuates the relationship between sustainability reporting and firm performance due to the different legitimacy requirements in foreign markets.Design/methodology/approachTo test the study’s hypotheses, the authors collected and analyzed a large sample of publicly listed firms between 2010 and 2016 in Taiwan where the types of foreign ownership include foreign trust funds, foreign financial institutions and other foreign legal entities. Regression analyses were conducted to investigate whether the firms that report their sustainable practices have better financial performance, including stock market performance and accounting performance. Additionally, a three-step procedure was employed to address the endogeneity issue with a binary explanatory variable.FindingsThe positive stock market reaction to the emerging economy firms' voluntary sustainability reporting supports legitimacy gained among investors. By contrast, sustainability reporting has a negative association with accounting performance due to the difficulty of reconciling different legitimacy requirements among various stakeholders in emerging economies. Further, foreign ownership, particularly the trust fund, exhibits a negative moderating effect on the relationship between sustainability reporting in aligning corporate practices with sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the company's stock market performance.Originality/valueBy examining the less tested contingent role played by foreign ownership in the emerging economy firms' sustainability reporting, the authors provide insights into the influence exerted by different types of foreign ownership on firms' financial performances beyond previous studies that focus on family ownership, state ownership, or managerial ownership in emerging economies. The findings shed light on corporate sustainability strategy and foreign direct investment policies for an emerging economy.

Research on High Quality Development of Foreign Trade in Central Region

With the acceleration of the process of globalization and the development of foreign trade, China has gradually formed a strategic situation of the rise of the central region, the great development of the east, the great revitalization of the northeast and the great development of the west. Because the central six provinces are in the inland area, the large transportation cost of foreign trade and the imperfect foreign trade infrastructure have led to the relatively backward development of foreign trade in the central region, and there is an "economic depression". This paper collects the import and export trade data of the central region from 2012 to 2022, analyzes the current situation of the overall development and structure, and explores the key factors restricting the current foreign trade development of the central region, and focuses on cultivating and expanding foreign trade entities, deepening regional cooperation, and enhancing the ability to attract investment. Deeply participate in the "Belt and Road" construction and other measures to improve the level of opening up in the central region, and provide important strategic support for promoting high-quality economic development in the central region.

The German UBO Register: Extended Transparency Rules for Foreign Entities Directly or Indirectly Owning German Real Estate Reporting Their Ultimate Beneficial Owners

This article considers the implications of the extended transparency rules for foreign entities directly or indirectly owning German real estate to report their ultimate beneficial owner (UBO) to the German UBO Register.

Suggestions to improve Vietnamese Investment Law following some foreign investment legal regulations

Vietnamese Law on foreign investment contains all provisions related to foreign investment in Vietnam and investment from Vietnamese businesses abroad. Although the Vietnamese policies on foreign investment have been regularly amended and supplemented, some inadequacies affect the attractiveness of Vietnam as a foreign investment destination. These inadequacies are in the 2020 Law on Investment provisions, the 2012 Law on Cooperatives, Decree No. 01/2021/ND-CP on business registration compared with the 2020 Law on Enterprises, and the Civil Procedure 2015. Specifically, according to current provisions, foreign investors cannot establish sole proprietorships and business households in Vietnam. If the investor is a non-resident individual in Vietnam or a foreign legal entity, they are not allowed to launch or become a member of a cooperative in Vietnam; regarding investment registration certificate when foreign investors show economic organizations in Vietnam; regarding dispute settlement mechanisms in investment activities of foreign investors in Vietnam, etc. Therefore, this article makes recommendations on amending and supplementing the above provisions. It contributes to promoting investment attraction policies and creating equality between foreign and Vietnamese investors in investment activities in Vietnam.

The Issue of Single Apartment for Foreigners in Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to analyze the land rights over apartment units related to the right to ownership of apartments that can now be owned by foreign nationals. Ownership of land rights over flats does not fully adhere to the horizontal principle as stated in the UUPA. Because these rights can be owned by all ownership rights over flats. Flats can be given to anyone who qualifies as a land rights holder. The research shows that there are now many foreign nationals and foreign legal entities who own flats (apartments) in Indonesia. Both for business, investment and residential purposes. However, all actions of ownership of Sarusun, foreign citizens must still refer to the rules of law for foreign countries, as well as foreign legal entities. The ownership rules must still pay attention to the provisions of Act No. 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles (UUPA), Act No. 2 of 2011 concerning Flats, Act No. 11 of 2011 concerning Job Creation Rights, Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021 concerning Management Rights, Land Ownership Rights, Building Rights, Flat Units, and Land Registration as well as several other rules that are currently in effect.

Uncovering the role of the local environment in shaping antiviral immunity of the female reproductive tract

Abstract The female reproductive tract (FRT) is a unique barrier site. It tolerates foreign entities like sperm and the fetus for reproduction but must also be immunologically active enough to control pathogens, like viruses. Millions of women use antibiotics or anti-retrovirals, and these treatments alter the environment of the FRT by changing the microbiota or inhibiting endogenous retroviruses, but the impact of this on FRT immunity and function are understudied. Human cohort data has revealed that the vaginal microbiota profoundly influences risk of virus infection, but the mechanisms for this are not well understood. Endogenous retroviruses (ERV) are necessary for reproduction, as an ERV envelope protein is essential for placental formation, but how these elements shape immunity of the FRT is barely characterized. Preliminarily, I have found that both the microbiota and ERVs shape innate and adaptive immune cell populations and functions in the FRT. Additionally, I found that microbial derived ligands such as LPS are sufficient to induce ERV expression in the uterine epithelium. Therefore, the main hypothesis tested by my project is that the vaginal microbiota induces ERV expressionin the epithelium of the reproductive tract which in turn activates host nucleic acid sensing pathways and interferon production in the epithelium and that this response promotes local antiviral protection. Y.B. was supported by the Division of Intramural Research of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID; ZIAAI001115-09, ZIAAI001132-07, ZIAAI001133-08). E.S. was supported by the Training Office and OITE of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Intramural AIDS Research Fellowship).

Cytochrome P450 and Other Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes As Therapeutic Targets.

Cytochrome P450 and other families of drug-metabolizing enzymes are commonly thought of and studied for their ability to metabolize xenobiotics and other foreign entities as they are eliminated from the body. Equally as important, however, is the homeostatic role that many of these enzymes play in maintaining the proper levels of endogenous signaling molecules such as lipids, steroids, and eicosanoids as well as their ability to modulate protein-protein interactions involved in downstream signaling cascades. Throughout the years, many of these endogenous ligands or protein partners of drug-metabolizing enzymes have been associated with a wide range of disease states from cancer to various cardiovascular, neurologic, or inflammatory diseases, prompting an interest in whether modulation of drug-metabolizing enzyme activity could have a subsequent pharmacological impact or lessening of disease severity. Beyond direct regulation of endogenous pathways, drug-metabolizing enzymes have also been proactively targeted for their ability to activate prodrugs with subsequent pharmacological activity or enhance the efficacy of a coadministered drug by inhibiting the metabolism of that drug through a rationally designed drug-drug interaction (i.e., ritonavir and human immunodeficiency virus antiretroviral therapy). The focus of this minireview will be to highlight research aimed at characterizing cytochrome P450 and other drug-metabolizing enzymes as therapeutic targets. Examples of successfully marketed drugs as well as early research efforts will be discussed. Finally, emerging areas of research utilizing typical drug-metabolizing enzymes to impact clinical outcomes will be discussed. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Although generally thought of for their drug-metabolizing capabilities, enzymes such as the cytochromes P450, glutathione S-transferases, soluble epoxide hydrolases, and others play a significant role in regulating key endogenous pathways, making them potential drug targets. This minireview will cover various efforts over the years to modulate drug-metabolizing enzyme activity toward pharmacological outcomes.

Large-Scale Land Acquisition and Household Farm Investment in Northern Ghana

Many studies have investigated the effects of large-scale land acquisition (LSLA) on livelihood, while the effects of LSLA by different actors on investment decisions and levels of investment have largely gone without academic scrutiny. Consequently, information concerning the implications of LSLA by actors on investment is scarce in the literature pertaining to policy. Drawing on information from 664 households selected through a multistage sampling technique, this study examined the relationship between direct and indirect exposure to LSLA by domestic and foreign entities and investment in land-improving techniques. The results show a bi-directional relationship between LSLA and household farm investments. While direct and indirect exposure to LSLA by domestic and foreign entities dissipates some forms of farm investments, the reverse causality is also possible where some household farm investments discourage direct and indirect exposure to LSLA by domestic and foreign entities. The results also revealed that LSLA by domestic and foreign entities dissipates investment in all levels of land- and yield-improving techniques, and even in the presence of a high perception of tenure security. Thus, the provision of legal ownership of land to farmers can provide insurance for investments in all land-improving techniques. Government can also step up the fertilizer subsidy program to enable households to increase investment to avoid further exposure to LSLA.

Problems of Identification of the Concept of International Technology Transfer in the Scientific Discourse

Problem setting. The issues of international technology transfer are reflected in the scientific works of both foreign and Ukrainian scientists. The concept of «international technology transfer» is widely used in the legal and economic literature, but there are significant differences of opinion among scholars regarding its essence. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Among Ukrainian scientists, international technology transfer is considered more in the economic literature: H. O. Bak, O. B. Salikhova, A. S. Bura, O. O. Bakalinska, Y. Yakubivska. Various foreign scientists have considered international technology transfer in their works. In particular, R. D. Robinson and and G. F. Jewett, Kasych A. and Medvedeva G., C. Liu and S. Yan, Sepúlveda C. I. and Ocampos J. A., Lundquist D. G. and Grosse R. Target of the research is to identify the views on the category of «international technology transfer» existing in the scientific literature and to study them in order to specify the nature of international technology transfer. Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the issue of identifying the concept of international technology transfer in the scientific discourse. The article studies the conceptual provisions for substantiating the essence of the category of «international technology transfer» and conducts a bibliographic analysis of the studies of this category. The author emphasizes that the issues of international technology transfer are reflected in the scientific works of both foreign and Ukrainian scholars. The concept of «international technology transfer» is widespread in the legal and economic literature, but there are significant differences of opinion among scholars regarding its essence. This study has led to the conclusion that the variety of definitions of the concept of «international technology transfer» demonstrates the existence of diverse approaches to understanding the essence of the problem of international transfer of technology. It is determined that all approaches are reasonable and relevant and their use depends on the specific aspect under which international technology transfer is considered. The study found that in order to improve the category of «international technology transfer», its concept should be fixed in the Ukrainian Law «On State Regulation of Activities in the Field of Technology Transfer» by amending Article 1 of this Law. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The study has led to the conclusion that international technology transfer as a category is a basic, complex and complex definition that characterizes legal relations arising between a business entity or other party to the relationship and a foreign entity, which is a resident and non-resident of the country, respectively, and related to the creation, transfer of rights and implementation of technology, as well as the conclusion of certain agreements aimed at transferring rights to technology or information about technology, or material embodiment (reproduction) of technology in the field of technology transfer

IMPLEMENTASI REMOTE AUDIT DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused the structure of life to change, such as the way auditors work. All access is limited and the auditor's work is hampered. So one alternative that can be done is to carry out a remote audit. This study aims to determine the implementation of remote audits in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative approach and is included in the literature review. The data used by researchers is secondary data, namely using previous research. Sources of information are obtained by collecting relevant information regarding the implementation of remote audits in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study show that the implementation of remote audits has been carried out by foreign government entities and by domestic agencies or institutions. The remote audit implementation includes the planning stages, document review, field inspections, remote interviews and closing meetings.

A DECEPTIVE RHINOLITH : MIMICKING MUCOR/MALIGNANCY IN THE RECENT MUCORMYCOSIS STORM

Rhinoliths are mineralised foreign entities found in the nasal cavity by accident during anterior rhinoscopy. They can Manifest as foul-smelling nasal discharge and respiratory issues if left undiscovered. Large nasal stones are currently extremely rare, thanks to better diagnostic procedures like as Nasal endoscopy, X-ray, and CT scans that may detect foreign bodies at an early stage of development. We present the case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented to our ENT OPD with left sided Nasal pain and left sided face pain for three years, And Nasal obstruction for three years. The greyish white mass is large enough that it cannot be removed under general anaesthetic, thus lithotripsy was performed and the tumour was removed piece by bit from the left nasal cavity. Differential diagnosis and follow Up of the patient was discussed in the study

Cross-Border Provision of Services: Case Study in the Slovak Republic

The European Union places great emphasis on removing obstacles within its internal market, which is considered a fundamental pillar of European economic integration. By way of legal acts, the conditions for the functioning freedoms of the internal market are harmonized in all EU Member States. In our study, we focus on freedom to provide services, in order to clarify the system and conditions for providing cross-border services and to identify concrete entities providing this kind of services in Slovakia. The subject of the study is the provision of services by foreign entities in the territory of the Slovak Republic, who have already obtained authorization to perform the services on the territory of their Member State of establishment in accordance with Directive 2006/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on services in the internal market (OJ L 376, 27 December 2006, pp. 36–68). At the same time, the study also focuses on the system of taxation of cross-border services. Based on facts and data obtained from the Register of Cross-border Services, we have identified areas of providing cross-border services in Slovakia. In our study, we have applied the methods of comparative analysis, legal research, the study of literature, and the decisions of the EU Court of Justice. The study also includes clarification of the concept of cross-border provision of services.

Nondestructive detection of adulterated wolfberry (Lycium Chinense) fruits based on hyperspectral imaging technology

AbstractIn order to detect adulterants on Lycium Chinense species effectively, a rapid, clean, and nondestructive detection method based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology was conducted in a wavelength range of 400.68–1001.60 nm. Industrial sulfur particles were chosen as a dye to prepare three groups of adulterated L. Chinense samples as the research object. The whole L. Chinense was considered the region of interest. First, a multiple scatter correction (MSC) method was used to preprocess spectra data. The competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and linear discriminant analysis approaches were contrasted for optimal extraction of wavelengths characteristic. Then, two models were established: K‐nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM). Furthermore, the performance accuracies of KNN and SVM models were compared. According to the outcomes, the SVM model built on CARS provided the best classification impact. The accuracy for the prediction set was 98.75%, and the accuracy for the training set was 100%. Also, the kernel parameters c and g of the SVM model were enhanced by genetic algorithm (GA) optimization. The values parameters (c, g) were set at 14.975 and 0.224, respectively, and the results improved by 1.25% at an elapsed time of 1.887 s, with the accuracy reaching 100% on both training and test sets. This study aimed to detect and classify sulfur‐adulterated wolfberries using an improved SVM and HSI. Finally, the results demonstrate that a combination of HSI and the CARS‐GA‐SVM model could be used for the rapid detection of foreign entities' in wolfberry fruits.Practical applicationsDried wolfberry adulteration has a direct link to the overall quality of the fruits, and potentially compromises the health of the fruits consumers. The traditional methods of testing adulterants on Lycium Chinense are arduous, require a lot of time, and are highly impacted by biased elements, necessitating new techniques. HSI technology, on the other hand, is nondestructive, quick/fast, accurate, subjective, reproducible, and pollution‐free. The study findings proved to be recommendable for initiating a feasible mobile system for rapidly detecting adulteration on L. Chinense.

Federated Learning-Based Secure Electronic Health Record Sharing Scheme in Medical Informatics.

Medical Cyber-Physical Systems support the mobility of electronic health records data for clinical research to accelerate new scientific discoveries. Artificial Intelligence improves medical informatics, but current centralized data training and insecure data storage management techniques expose private medical data to unauthorized foreign entities. In this paper, a Federated Learning-based Electronic Health Record sharing scheme is proposed for Medical Informatics to preserve patient data privacy. A decentralized Federated Learning-based Convolutional Neural Network model trains data locally in the hospital and stores results in a private InterPlanetary File System. A secondary global model is trained at the research center using the local models. Private IPFS secures all medical data stored locally in the hospital. The novelty of this study resides in securing valuable hospital biomedical data useful for clinical research organizations. Blockchain and smart contracts enable patients to negotiate with external entities for rewards in exchange for their data. Evaluation results demonstrate that the decentralized CNN model performs better in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, similar to the traditional centralized model. The performance of the Private IPFS exceeds the Blockchain-based IPFS based on file upload and download time. The scheme is suitable for promoting a secure and privacy-friendly environment for sharing data with clinical research centers for biomedical research.

Doctrine and normative issues of determining the composition of participants of business and other types of business companies

In the scientific article, the author conducted a scientific study of doctrinal and regulatory issues of determining the composition of members of economic and other types of entrepreneurial companies. On the basis of the conducted research, the author came to the conclusion that the participants of entrepreneurial societies are natural persons (citizens of Ukraine, foreign citizens and stateless persons, including those who are natural persons-entrepreneurs in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine or another state), legal entities, registered in Ukraine, foreign legal entities, the state of Ukraine, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territorial community, a foreign state. The participation of the state of Ukraine, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territorial community, a foreign state in the activities of cooperatives through legal entities under public law is impossible. At the same time, the participation of legal entities under private law, created by the state of Ukraine, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territorial community, a foreign state, in the activities of service and consumer cooperatives is possible. The right to participate in the activities of entrepreneurial companies is available to natural persons who have partial or full civil legal capacity starting from the age of 14. Exceptions are: members of full partnerships and full members of limited partnerships, which can only be natural persons of legal age or minors who have been granted full civil legal capacity, as well as members of cooperatives, which can be natural persons over 16 years of age. In our opinion, the participation of persons aged 15 to 16 years in the activities of a production cooperative should be allowed, subject to obtaining the consent of one of the parents or a person who replaces them for work in such a corporate association. It is also advisable to lower the age at which membership in a cooperative is allowed from 16 to 14 years old, which will improve the legal regulation of the legal personality of members of business associations and members of cooperatives, taking into account the specifics of membership in a production cooperative.

The Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act (JASTA) from a Civil Procedure Perspective

Terrorism is a global threat that has caused immense suffering and loss of life. The United States’ Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act (JASTA) is an important piece of legislation that allows victims of terrorism to hold foreign entities accountable for their actions. However, there is a need to evaluate the act from the perspective of Civil Procedure to determine its effectiveness in providing remedies for victims and addressing the challenges of holding foreign entities accountable. This paper’s analysis is based on the JASTA, for the evaluation of its position and application from a pre-litigation of Civil Procedure perspective. The two most significant parts of Civil Procedure in the segments of preliminary issues including Parties to the Suit and Cause of Action are examined to determine their susceptibility to being exploited in the process of executing the intention and purpose of the act concerning foreign entities, as highlighted in JASTA. Preliminary aspects must be considered before initiating a civil suit based on JASTA. This analysis is important in understanding the strength and weaknesses of JASTA in the civil suit and it involves a qualitative method of research. For the most part, the research methodology adopted will be pure legal research. Since the research will focus on JASTA, the regular method of analysis adopted is by referring to the sources and data discussing JASTA and procedural law. The findings of this work could be used to establish better laws from JASTA and provide the opportunity for the citizens who are victims to bring legal action against foreign states that are also responsible for their loss and suffering. Moreover, other countries faced with litigation initiated under JASTA could also benefit from the findings as they could be used in establishing better laws for countries that had also suffered greatly due to actions resulting from terrorism or the war against terrorism. Future research related to this topic is also recommended in this analysis.

Pengaruh kepemilikan asing terhadap penentuan Transfer pricing pada perusahaan farmasi

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of foreign ownership on transfer prices for pharmaceutical companies in the Indonesian stock market. When a foreign individual or entity owns the majority of a company, they are referred to as foreign shareholders. Instead, Transfer pricing refers to pricing practices that are mutually agreed upon between related parties. There is a special relationship between taxpayers when one taxpayer owns at least 25 percent of another taxpayer and exercises control over that taxpayer, or when two or more taxpayers have the same direct or indirect mandate. This study uses a quantitative approach. 7 sample companies were selected from 10 populations by purposive sampling technique and this study was based on secondary data. Using SPSS 26 and linear regression models for analysis. The results of the study state that foreign ownership has a positive effect on transfer prices

Legal Aspect of Land Tenure Strategies by Foreign Nationals (Case of District of Jepara, Indonesia)

Great potential in investment, invites many parties to develop their business in Jepara Regency. The government regulates the control of Indonesian land for foreign nationals in the form of use rights. However, in reality, foreign nationals in Jepara do not use the Right to Use but use other forms of land tenure. This study aims to analyse Legal Review Of Land Tenure Strategies By Foreign Nationals In The District Of Jepara. In this study using qualitative methods, the method of collecting data through interviews and documentation which then the results of data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of the study found that the form of strategies and methods of land tenure by Foreign Citizens in the Regency by a) Marrying Indonesian citizen by acting on behalf of his wife as the right holder. b) Living together without marital status by way of an agreement on property by both parties c) Leasing a foreign citizen with a local resident d) Through a foreign legal entity established in Indonesia to control land in Jepara Regency.