Foreign Citizens Research Articles

The effect of internal migration on regional growth in Italy: a dynamic spatial panel data analysis

This study assesses the effect of internal migration on regional growth in Italy at the NUTS-3 level over the period 2002-2019. The composition of the internal migration flows of the working-age population in Italy during the sample period appears substantially heterogeneous in nationality and labor skills. The analysis considers this heterogeneity, estimating various specifications of the dynamic spatial model and controlling for the endogeneity of migration variables through a control function approach. e evidence suggests that the internal migration of Italian citizens has a positive direct and spillover impact on regional growth, slowing down the convergence process. On the contrary, there is no evidence of a significant effect of internal migration of foreign citizens. Taking the skill composition of internal movements of Italian citizens into account, the adverse impact on convergence is magnified, thus corroborating the skill-selective hypothesis. Finally, the diverging impact of internal migration increases with the distance of migration flows.

Отнесение иностранных граждан к квалифицированным специалистам: проблемы правового регулирования

Russia is interested in attracting qualified foreign specialists. However, despite the current trend towards tightening migration legislation, the problem of hiring foreign citizens with the necessary professional competencies has not yet been resolved. In this regard, the article, based on an analysis of the legislation defining the procedure for admitting qualified foreign citizens to work, attempts to identify the legal problems existing in this area and propose ways to solve them. The conclusions and proposals formulated in this article can be used both for further scientific research on relevant issues and for improving the regulatory framework.

Миграционная преступность как криминологическая проблема

The criminal behavior of migrants is complex and diverse in content and consequences in the socio-legal sphere, which can lead to the commission of new crimes. In this regard, the problem of ensuring security for local residents and the state as a whole becomes urgent, in connection with which it is advisable to talk about criminological security. The results of the analysis of migration crime in recent years allow us to come to the conclusion that the crime level, which reflects the commission of crimes by foreign citizens or stateless persons, as well as citizens of the CIS, shows a negative upward trend, and the degree of involvement of migrants in illegal activities is expressed in the same way high latency. Moreover, with the process of globalization, migration crime is developing into more dangerous varieties.

Правовое регулирование привлечения иностранных граждан для работы в России

The research conducted in this article was devoted to the analysis of legal regulation of attracting foreign citizens to work in the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of legislation and practice on this issue is important in the context of modern challenges to global migration and the need for foreign labor force. This article is a historical overview of how the legal framework was developed in Russia. It also analyzes modern regulations and international agreements that regulate labor migration in the country. Problems arising in the process of attracting foreign workers are identified and analyzed, and ways of solving them are proposed. The final part contains the main conclusions and proposals, which are aimed at further improvement of legal regulation in this sphere.

Descendants of the dragon: racialized mixed Chineseness in immigrant China

ABSTRACT Following China’s rise as an economic powerhouse, the country’s immigrant population has quickly increased and diversified, leading to an increase in romantic relationships between foreign and Chinese citizens. This article analyzes the racialization of belonging and citizenship of Chinese nationals born into Chinese-foreign families living in China. Drawing on data gathered through analyzing online debates and media reports, supplemented by interviews and fieldwork observations, the article investigates how discussions about the identity of vloggers, pop stars, and athletes of mixed Chinese-foreign descent shed light on rising Chinese racial nationalism at a time when China has become a destination for international migration and a new frontier for racial knowledge production. We argue that this process is characterized by a tension between China’s emergence as an immigrant society and the hardening boundaries of its national identity.

The effect of Kenya’s immigration policy on regional integration in the East African Community

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Kenya’s immigration policy on regional integration within the EAC. Although Kenya’s immigration policy aligns with the East Africa Community Map (EACMP), as detailed in the 2010 Kenyan Constitutional and the Kenyan Citizenship and Immigration Act of 2011. Obstacles persist that prevent the free movement of people, labour, establishment rights, and residence rights despite East African Community (EAC) foreign citizens being exempt from visa and work permit requirements. The Kenyan government, however, insists on demanding these documents. The study employed a mixed methods approach with a convergent parallel research design. Quantitative data was analysed using inferential statistics in SPSS version 25, while qualitative data was analysed through content analysis. A sample size of 400 respondents was used. The findings show that Kenya’s immigration policy has successfully encouraged the free movement of labour, people, establishment rights, and residence rights within the EAC. In conclusion, Kenya’s immigration policy has significantly contributed to advancing regional integration within the EAC. It is suggested that the Kenyan government simplify the permit procedures for EAC investors aiming to establish legitimate businesses in Kenya. The immigration policymakers in Kenya should ensure that the rights and benefits available for EAC foreign nationals wishing to reside in Kenya are covered by the policy in accordance with EACMP.

Predicting Tourist Arrivals: A Google Trends-Based Model for Destination Management

In this paper, a review of the scientific literature on the importance and knowledge of the tourist destination for the formation of a correct strategy for its development and promotion is made. The possibility of managing the tourist destination by modeling with Google Trends data is represented. A review of studies using the mentioned tool in the field of tourism is conducted. The potential benefits of using Google Trends data on searches for a city as a keyword in combination with archival data are summarized. The possibilities for modeling the visits of tourists using data from Google Trends are investigated, as a result of which a model is built by applying polynomial regression to predict the overnight stays of foreign citizens in the city of Veliko Tarnovo based on archival data from the National Statistical Institute and Google Trends data. Through data analytics with Google Trends, it is concluded that key value is created for the external and internal environment, influencing the destination. The data creates conditions for the development of management strategies for attracting tourists based on primary and secondary data for analysis. The application of the received data sets through data analysis are also important for tourism organizations and institutional bodies in tourism (macro- and meso-level). The resulting analysis affects issues related to the management and marketing of the destination, and on the other hand, it directly affects the segmentation of the market and the distribution of products and services to the end user (micro level).

Dermatovenereology in the Russian Federation: results of 2023

The article presents information on dynamics of dermatovenerological service resources, indicators of the population of the Russian Federation provision with dermatovenerologists and dermatovenerological beds, main performance rates and results of dermatovenereological medical care providing in outpatient, inpatient and day hospital conditions for the period 2019–2023. The dynamics of sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, gonococcal infection, trichomoniasis, chlamydial infection, anogenital herpetic viral infection and anogenital venereal warts) incidence in the Russian Federation, as well as contribution of foreign citizens to the syphilis incidence rates are analyzed. The dynamics of prevalence and incidence rates of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue in the Russian Federation in 2019–2023, as well as dynamics of prevalence and incidence of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, localized scleroderma, discoid lupus erythematosus among children aged 0–17 years and adults 18 years and older are presented.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ МЕХАНИЗМА АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОГО НАКАЗАНИЯ В ВИДЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОГО ВЫДВОРЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ГРАЖДАН ИЛИ ЛИЦ БЕЗ ГРАЖДАНСТВА ЗА ПРЕДЕЛЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

In the article, the authors consider the mechanism for the implementation of the administrative expulsion of foreign citizens or stateless persons outside the Russian Federation as one of the types of administrative punishment. The authors reveal the concept, content and forms of such a measure of administrative responsibility as administrative expulsion. The article defines a list of the main problems of implementing the mechanism of administrative punishment in the form of administrative expulsion of foreign citizens or stateless persons from the Russian Federation and suggests ways to solve them.

Problems of Migrants Ethnic Enclave Formation in the Context of Foreign Citizens Adaptation to the Host Society in Russia and Abroad

Problems of Migrants Ethnic Enclave Formation in the Context of Foreign Citizens Adaptation to the Host Society in Russia and Abroad

Juridical Study of Ownership of Ownership of Flats by Foreign Citizens Based on Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021 concerning Land Rights Management Rights for Flats Units and Land Registration

This study aims to determine and understand the Ownership of Usage Rights of Apartment Units by Foreign Citizens Based on the Theory of Benefit. The research methods used include a statute approach and a conceptual approach, a type of normative legal research, with data collection methods through library surveys and qualitative legal analysis. The results of the study indicate that Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021 provides a legal basis for foreign citizens to have usage rights over apartment units in Indonesia but does not provide full ownership rights, this regulation provides legal certainty and clear procedures, which are expected to be further elaborated in the Ministerial Regulation. The Indonesian government needs to consider allowing foreign citizens to have ownership rights over apartment units by considering the various benefits that can be obtained. This step can increase foreign investment, encourage economic growth, improve property quality, stabilize the property market, increase state revenues, and support infrastructure development. With proper regulation and strict supervision, this policy can provide significant benefits to the Indonesian economy and society as a whole.

Mechanisms for regulating external labor migration within the framework of the existing functionality of the regions of the Russian Federation

The author examines in detail the regional legal regulation of external labor migration in the Russian Federation, taking into account the transformation of the main tasks of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation at the present stage. The object of the study is external labor migration in modern Russia, the subject of the study is the mechanisms of regulation of external labor migration at the regional level. The study examines the legislative foundations of both a complete ban on the involvement of foreign workers in temporary employment, and a partial ban related to certain areas of economic activity. The author also considers the possibilities of regulating the cost of obtaining permits (licenses) and developing alternative programs for external labor migration related to the introduction of organized, targeted and returnable external migration. As methods of scientific research, political, legal and institutional analysis were applied, as well as a systematic method used to study public administration in the field of migration. The systematization of the existing restrictive tools in the field of external labor migration, which can currently be used by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, has been carried out by the author. The features of the implementation of each of the considered mechanisms are revealed. A new approach in the field of management of external labor migration is proposed, related to the development of regional programs for the organized involvement of foreign citizens in temporary work on the territory of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the basis of existing international agreements. The potential positive trends associated with the introduction of organized recruitment mechanisms in the context of the transition to a segregationist model of migration policy, which is currently being successfully applied in a number of Arab States, such as the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Qatar, are predicted.

Institute Of Constitutional Complaint In The Republic Of Kazakhstan: Some Issues Of Theory And Practice

The beginning of the Constitutional Court’s operation in the Republic of Kazakhstan marked the posing of a large number of problematic issues that require their solution both at the level of legal theory and practice. The presented article is focused on the analysis of the constitutional complaint’s institution and the formation of suggestions aimed at improving the relevant provisions of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan» (hereinafter referred to as the Law). The author, first of all, studies the issue on the system of entities having the right to file a constitutional complaint. The author states that the current wording of the Art. 45 of the Law unjustifiably narrows the range of such entities. A constitutional complaint is currently not available to foreign citizens and stateless persons, as well as to legal entities, which, according to the author, is a manifestation of discrimination. Besides, the author studies the issue on the subject matter of a constitutional complaint – regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is concluded that the definition of the category of «regulatory legal acts» is borrowed from the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On Legal Acts», which, in turn, is improperly formulated. In particular, it does not absolutely cover all types of legal acts containing the norms of law, which, therefore, «takes» them out of the scope of the subject matter of a constitutional complaint. It is offered that the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On Legal Acts» should provide an independent type of regulatory legal act – a legal act of social partnership within the system of legal acts. The author pays attention at the end of the article to the need to increase the level of consistency of certain provisions of the Art. 45 of the Law with each other. As a result of the conducted research, the author offers the paragraph 1 of Part 2 of the Art. 45 of the Law in the following wording: «the disputed law or another regulatory legal act applied by the court, directly affects the rights and freedoms in a specific case with the participation of a citizen, and a judicial act was issued in the case, which entered into legal force». In addition, some recommendations were made in regard to Part 4 of the Art. 45 of the Law. As a conclusion, the author indicates the need to take systematic steps aimed at clarifying the provisions of the Law, to establish appropriate procedures, wide informing campaign for citizens about the limits of the competence of the Court, as well as to ensure studying the discipline of «Constitutional Procedural Law» by the students.

Monitoring the level of satisfaction with the quality of training in pediatrics of undergraduates on the specialty 222 “Medicine” of the Faculty for Training of Foreign Citizens of the Bogomolets National Medical University

Background. Monitoring the level of satisfaction of undergraduates on the specialty 222 “Medicine” concerning their training in pediatrics and the level of mastering the necessary competencies is an important marker that allows timely assessment of the quality of the educational services provision, as well as the improvement and expansion of their range in relation to the students’ needs. Objective: to analyze the satisfaction level of the students’ training in pediatrics and to determine ways of improving the teaching of pediatric disciplines to the 6th year foreign students on the specialty 222 “Medicine” at the Department of Pediatrics 2 of the Bogomolets National Medical University based on the anonymous survey results. Materials and methods. The survey was conducted using 4–5-point Likert scale questionnaire in Google Form. Results. Practically all students were basically satisfied with the knowledge obtained in pediatric disciplines they studied at the Department of Pediatrics 2 from the 2nd to the 6th years, with a special emphasis on preparation during the graduation year. Only one third (34.7 %) of respondents in general noted that the organization and delivery of an online training did not deteriorate the quality of knowledge and practical skills in pediatrics. The respondents were particularly interested in sections of pediatrics such as cardiology, rheumatology, pulmonology and neonatology. The insufficient satisfaction of higher education seekers with level of their knowledge in propaedeutics of pediatrics, pathology of young children and pediatric cardiology requires a corresponding correction of the curriculum — an increase in the number of academic hours in these sections of pediatrics and more effective use of the self-directed independent learning. Conclusions. Monitoring the satisfaction level is an effective method of communication with medical undergraduates aimed at identifying problems and improving the effectiveness of training and educational process for foreign students, who in general positively evaluated the results of their five-year study of pediatric disciplines at the Department of Pediatrics 2 of the Bogomolets National Medical University.

Administrative and legal mechanisms of ensuring the safety of migration processes

The article reflects the current challenges and threats faced by the Russian Federation in the implementation of migration processes. The author analyzes the most acute threats arising in the field of migration, and examines the causes of their occurrence. The author pays special attention to the characteristics of the main measures taken by the state to combat such challenges and threats, which include migration registration, fingerprint registration of foreign citizens. The article pays considerable attention to the use of digital technologies in the field of migration. Legislative initiatives thatcan become an effective means to combat threats in migration relations, prospects for the use of mechanisms for pre-entry training of foreign citizens and their organized recruitment are also being considered. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that it is necessary to conduct a balanced migration policy and maintain a balance when applying coercive and incentive measures in state regulation of migration processes.

Multiscale dimensions of the foreign working citizens participation to the Italian labour market: intra-regional heterogeneities across the North–South divide

This article delves into the distinctive intra- and interregional geographical heterogeneity of Italy, emphasizing demographic and socio-economic variations and the role of foreign employment, considering the labour market as a fundamental driver for migration and local inclusion. The article identifies a gap in understanding the employed foreign population as a multiscale process in Lombardy and Campania, representative regions as case studies from the North and South divide using a MGWR approach. The results reveal contrasting effects of the Italian labour force’s unemployment rate (URI). In Lombardy, a positive effect suggests working competition between labour force components while, in Campania, the relation is less clear. The analysis underscores significant local heterogeneity, emphasizing the importance and urgency of employing local scale analysis for accurate statistics. The study emphasizes the multiscale nature of the analysed process, demonstrating variable effects across different regional contexts. While the study is limited to two regions and cross-sectional data, it marks the first attempt in Italy to address the foreign presence as a multiscale process, highlighting the need for localized and multiscale approaches in understanding spatial processes related to demography and population issues.

Study of the value sphere of migrants from Central Asia as a factor of socio-psychological adaptation

The key direction of the state national policy of the Russian Federation is the successful social and cultural adaptation of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation, and their integration into Russian society. The article presents the results of a study of the value sphere of personality of young migrants from Central Asian countries. Both personal values and cultural values have been studied. The methodological framework of the study was the theoretical approach to the study of values by S. Schwartz and the cross-cultural approach to the study of the characteristics of different cultures by G. Hofstede. A comparative analysis of the value profiles of Russian youth and migrants from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan was carried out. The empirical study found that the dominant values of young migrants are: kindness, safety, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation. When comparing the values of individual values, it was found that among young migrants all values are more pronounced than among young people from Russia. Comparing cultural values, it was found that uncertainty avoidance and masculinity among young migrants are lower than among young people from Russia. Taking into account these features of the value sphere of Central Asian migrants, as well as their connection with psychological acculturation strategies, the authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the value profile of migrants as a factor of psychological adaptation when providing socio-psychological assistance.

Protivládní extremismus - konspirace a delegitimizace státu s implikací pro Českou republiku

Anti-government extremism in Germany may represent examples of the significant shift and growth of anti-government movements and anti-system activism in the past few years. Conspiracies and insurrections to overthrow a democratically elected government are certainly not new phenomena, but they are uncommon in consolidated Western democracies. The paper tries to convey the manifestations of delegitimization movements of sovereign citizens with an emphasis on the potential of political violence in the context of correlations of conspiracy theories and disinformation and radicalization group mobilization.Selected sovereign citizen movements are introduced based on their motivations, goals, and strategies of resistance to existing government structures.. The evaluation is done with the help of an analytical model of three dimensions of assessing the level of anti-government extremism of sovereign movements: 1. delegitimization of the democratic order, 2. offensive social action, 3. democratic norms within the sovereign movement. Expressions of coercion against public authorities, state institutions and courts in the Czech Republic copy the expressions of foreign sovereign citizen movements, including the terminology and form used.With the development of the anti-systemic scene in recent years, frustrations that have been embedded in society for a long time crystallized, among other things. Among them for example deep-rooted hostility is towards the division of Czechoslovakia among a certain part of the population. It appears a lot in the 40/50+ generation, which, by the way, is becoming the main driver of the anti-systemic discourse.

Legal Certainty for the Execution of Arbitration Decisions on Marriage Agreement Disputes for Foreign Citizens In Indonesia

With this type of normative juridical research and using a statutory approach and a case approach by studying and analyzing all legal aspects, this research examines the legal certainty of the execution of Alaska state arbitration decisions regarding marriage agreements between foreign citizens who have assets in Indonesia. Arbitration is an alternative dispute resolution that is in great demand by many parties. However, in Indonesia itself the execution of international arbitration awards only revolves around trade disputes. On this basis, the international arbitration award regarding the marriage agreement dispute cannot be executed in Indonesia. Indonesia needs to make improvements to expand its authority so that international disputes do not only revolve around trade disputes, but also family disputes with the possibility of mixed marriages which then give rise to disputes such as property or custody as a result of mixed marriage divorce.

State migration policy of the Russian Federation: criminal law risks

The article examines criminal legal methods of countering new criminal threats arising as a result of the growing scale of international migration. The author analyzes the content of the Concept of State Migration Policy of the Russian Federation in the context of identifying sources of danger to society and the state as objects of criminal legal protection. The work identifies modern criminogenic risks in the form of lobbying activities in the migration sphere, the provision of illegal influence by national diasporas on public authorities. Approaches to defining the concept of lobbying, its models and types are covered. The need to include in the Criminal Code a rule on liability for unlawful lobbying is noted. The article makes a distinction between diasporas and ethnic criminal groups. It is recommended to supplement Art. 63 of the Criminal Code by such aggravating circumstances as the commission of a crime by a foreign citizen who previously violated the rules of entry or stay in the Russian Federation, his arrival on the territory of the Russian Federation for the purpose of committing a crime.