Foreign Bodies In Respiratory Tract Research Articles

Prevalence of ground glass nodules in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.

Following increased screening efforts and the use of thin-slice computed tomography (CT), there has been a considerable increase in the incidence of ground-glass nodules (GGNs) in adults. As a result, we have more and more treatments for ground-glass nodules in adults, but few in children. Most think development pattern of pulmonary GGNs is lung inflammation, tumor, or tuberculosis that are more related to acquired or environmental factors. By studying the incidence of pulmonary GGNs in preschool children, we sought to determine whether we had ground glass nodules in the lung before we were teenagers, but we didn't pay attention to them until later. If the hypothesis holds, we may change the cognition and treatment strategies of ground glass nodules. Even not, there are few epidemiological studies with big data that can fill this gap. We retrospectively collected the data of all preschool children who had undergone CT at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from 2013 to 2020. These data were filtered according to the following exclusion criteria: severe artifacts, data with identical names to the original data; and patients without follow-up records (≥3 months). Inclusion criteria: must have undergone thin-slice CT (≤1.25 mm) at the first and last follow-up. Two thoracic radiologists with 5 years of experience and another senior one assessed the images. There were a total of 13,361 cases after relevant exclusions, 311 patients were finally enrolled. Clinical features: age at diagnosis (year): 3.56±1.84, female: 147, male: 164, follow-up interval (month): 6.90±4.74, leukemia: 99, pneumonia: 21, lung cyst: 8, space-occupying lesions outside the lungs: 69, foreign body in respiratory tract: 6. After manual screening and reading, only 1 patient meets all requirements. The results showed that between 2013 and 2020, the incidence of GGNs that could be basically determined in the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine was 0.32%. There have been few previous studies of GGNs in children, and based on our study, we found that there is still some associated morbidity for preschool children, it is rarely found when they are young.

To Determine the Frequency of Common Site of Lodgment of Foreign Body in Respiratory Tract of Children

Aim: To determine the frequency of common site of lodgment of foreign body in respiratory tract of children. Setting: Pediatric and ENT Departments, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Duration of Study: six months i.e. 30/6/2018 to 30/12/2018 Methodology: 300 cases were included. Demographic characteristics like, name, age, gender and address was recorded. H/O inhaling a specific foreign body and time elapsed was noted. General physical examination for signs of respiratory distress was noted. Chest X ray was performed. Examination of oral cavity and nostrils was performed for a suspected foreign body. If nothing found, the patient was immediately shifted to ENT department for emergency bronchoscopy to remove the suspected foreign body. The type of foreign body recovered and the site of respiratory tree from where it is removed were noted. Results: Mean age was 12 years with SD ± 2.16. 51% children were male while 49% children were female. Site of lodgment of foreign body among 300 patients was analyzed i.e. 1% patients had oral cavity, 7% had nasal cavity, 1% patients had oro-pharynx, 3% patients had larynx, 13% patients had main trachea, 30% had right bronchus, 15% patients had left bronchus, 1% patients had right bronchiole, 1% patients had left bronchiole in respiratory tract of children. Conclusion: Frequency of site of lodgment of foreign body was i.e. oral cavity 1%, nasal cavity 7%, oro-pharynx 1%, larynx 3%, main trachea 13%, right bronchus 30%, left bronchus 15%, right bronchiole 1% and left bronchiole 1%. Keywords: Lodgment, foreign body, respiratory tract, children.

295 children’s bronchoscopy due to choking episode with suspected foreign body in the of pediatric ent department – analysis of choking risk factors

Introduction. Aspiration of foreign body by children is a common cause of respiratory failure and an indication for urgent bronchoscopy. This procedure under general anesthesia is very difficult, stressful and dangerous in children due to their small diameter of the respiratory tract with a symptom of dyspnea. The tendency to put everything in to the mouth for cognitive purposes, incomplete dentition, immature swallowing mechanism are all the factors of high risk of choking episodes in very young children. Over the years still has been discussions on how to limit the number of bronchoscopies performed in children. Aim.The authors of this analysis try to find an answer to the question of whether and which way the number of bronchoscopy of the lower respiratory tract in children can be limited. Material and methods. 295 children underwent a bronchoscopy in the Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw in 2015-2020 after an episode of choking with suspected foreign body of the lower respiratory tract. The procedure was done after an appropriate pediatric examination and X-ray of the chest. In the analysis, particular attention was paid to the type of foreign bodies, pathology in clinical examination and tests. Results. 295 patients underwent rigid bronchoscopy under general anestesia. The indications for this procedure was single episode of choking. All children presented some patology in physical examination or on chest X-ray. Only in 142 (48%) patients a various foreign bodies were found and removed. That were 110 (77.5%) organic and 32 (22.5%) inorganic foreign bodies. Among all 142 cases only 9 (6%) were visible on X-ray. Peanuts and seeds were the most common foreign bodies, identified in 81% patients. The median age was 2 years. Conclusions. There are not characteristic symptoms of foreign body in respiratory tract in clinical investigation after single episode of choking. The suspicion of aspiration is still the main indicates for urgent bronchoscopy in children. It seems that the number of performed bronchoscopies could be reduced by prevention. Extensive education for young parents should be providing to inform them about choking hazard. We should pay special attention to them not to give small hard organic food to their children; especially nuts and grains. Parents’ attention should also be paid to toys, which for toddlers must be free of small, moving parts. Also companies producing food and toys for children should be obliged to place information on the risk of chocking on their products.

Application of 64-Slice Spiral CT Imaging Technology Based on Smart Medical Augmented Reality in the Diagnosis of Foreign Bodies in the Respiratory Tract in Children.

A foreign body in the respiratory tract is one of the common accidental injuries of children in our country, and is usually an important and serious event. Injuries caused by foreign substances in the respiratory tract seriously threaten the health and life of children in Korea and are a great challenge for parents as well. In the process of diagnosis of foreign bodies in the respiratory tract, there is often missed diagnosis or serious complications. Therefore, this article proposes the application of 64-slice spiral CT imaging technology based on smart medical augmented reality in the diagnosis of foreign bodies in the respiratory tract in order to improve the diagnosis of foreign bodies in the respiratory tract, provide help with treatment to improve the prognosis of foreign bodies in the respiratory tract, and reduce the incidence of foreign bodies in the respiratory tract. In this paper, 36 children underwent a 64-slice spiral CT scan of their lungs, and images were transferred to a workstation for multiplanar reconstruction, minimal density projection, three-dimensional volume reconstruction imaging, and CT virtual endoscopic reconstruction, the location, shape, size, and size of the foreign body in contrast with adjacent structural lesions and lesions seen during surgery. Experiments have shown that the left bronchial granulation accounted for 27.3%, the right bronchial granulation 18.75%, the main tracheal granulation 28.6%; there was no significant difference between the left and right bronchial granulation (P > 0.05), while the main tracheal granulation and bilateral bronchial granulation there are significant differences between the shape distributions (P < 0.05). This shows that CT imaging technology has enabled more patients to avoid surgical operations and ensure that the spiral computer can bring the greatest benefits to children. A 64-slice spiral CT scan can diagnose foreign bodies in the child's respiratory tract. The detection rate is high and the diagnostic failure rate is low. The diagnostic rationale provides a reference for early clinical treatment.

Characteristics of correct diagnosis versus misdiagnosis of paediatric tracheobronchial foreign body.

PurposeTo characterize and compare children with correct diagnosis (CD) and misdiagnosis (MD) of tracheobronchial foreign body (TBFB).MethodsA retrospective study was performed to review the medical records of children with CD group and MD group of TBFB. CD was defined when TBFB was identified during the first hospital visit. Otherwise, MD was considered. Demographic information, including gender, age, and clinical information, including clinical presentations and characteristics of foreign bodies, were retrieved. These characteristics were compared between two groups by Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon two-sample test, or Chi-square analysis or Fisher’s exact test, when appropriate.ResultsA total of 462 children with final diagnosis of TBFB were identified, with 276 children having CD and 186 children having MD. The most common location to identify the TBFB was right main bronchus in both CD and MD groups. Children with the previous history of respiratory tract foreign body were more likely to receive the CD. Children in MD group were more likely to have fever, as well as wheezing and crackles during physical examination. They were more likely to have pneumonia. Most common TBFB were peanuts. The majority of the TBFB were removed by the flexible bronchoscope coupled with forceps.ConclusionCareful history taking and physical examination, especially for those children with unclear causes for their pneumonia or asthma, or children with no improvement on the treatments, should be performed to rule out the possibility of TBFB. Bronchoscopy should be performed if necessary.

Treatment of high-risk and complicate foreign bodies in respiratory tract

Objective:To explore the treatment of the high-risk and complicate foreign bodies in respiratory tract. Method:Retrospective analysis of 3 330 cases of respiratory foreign bodies were performed, from 2003 January to 2016 November, including 205 cases of high-risk and complicate cases, foreign bodies including plastic caps, plastic or glass lamp beads, animal bones, metal objects, and foreign bodies such as peanuts. Result:In one hundred and seventy-five cases, foreign bodies were taken out directly by hard bronchoscope, in twenty-eight cases, foreign bodies were removed by fiberoptic bronchoscope, one case of foreign body was removed with thoracotomy and one case of foreign body died. Conclusion::To treat high-risk foreign bodies in respiratory tract, sufficient preoperative preparation or rapid response are both important, including selecting the appropriate equipment, surgery and anesthesia, in order to successfully remove the foreign body and minimize complications.

An unusual respiratory tract foreign body: A case report of pediatric broncholithiasis

Abstract Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is one of the most life-threatening diseases in children. Its symptom is non-specific sometimes; therefore the distinction with some similar clinical presentation pulmonary disease should be performed. Here, we reported a 5-year-old girl who was misdiagnosed with foreign body aspiration twice based on the broncho-obstructive symptom and radiologic finding. Finally, the diagnosis of broncholithiasis was confirmed by finding broncholiths in the respiratory tract through bronchoscopy. It is replied that bronchoscopy should be performed in the children with unexplained airway obstruction symptom. Furthermore, it is the first report about the broncholiths located at the upper main trachea.

The Foreign Bodies in Respiratory Tract in Children

The Foreign Bodies in Respiratory Tract in Children

Application of clinical pathway in emergency treatment of foreign body in respiratory tract of chil-dren

Objective To evaluate the effect of clinical nursing pathway in emergency treatment of for-eign body in respiratory tract of children. Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out in 555 children with foreign body in respiratory tract from February 2005 to December 2007, who were divided into the control group (271 cases) and the experimental group (284 cases). The experimental group was given managed with standardized clinical pathway,the control group received routine management. The preoperative preparation time, average hospital stay, cost of hospitalization, the extent of mastering of health knowledge by patients'par-ents were observed and the data underwent χ2 and t test. Results All patients of the two groups were cured and no nursing complications happened.The mean preoperative preparation time of the experimental group was 10 hours, which was shorter than that of the control group(27 hours). The average length of hospital stay of the experimental group was (4.13 + 0.81)days, which was shorter than that of the control group ,(6.03 + 1.30) days.The average hospitalization cost of the experimental group was (3498.55 + 269.13) yuan, while the control group was(4246.40 + 977.10) yuan. The extent of mastering of health knowledge by patients' parents, including basic knowledge of the disease, preoperative cooperation knowledge,prevention knowledge and diet knowledge, was superior to that of the control group. Conchusions The establishment of clinical pathway of children with foreign body is conducive to the standardized treatment of the disease, it can shorten the preoperative prepara-tion time, improve the capability of emergency treatment, shorten the length of hospital stay, reducing hospital-ization costs, increase the extent of mastering of health knowledge by patients and their families. Key words: Clinical pathway; Foreign body of respiratory tract; Child

Analysis on temperament characteristic of infant patients with foreign body in respiratory tract and nursing intervention

目的 探讨1～3岁呼吸道异物患儿的气质特点,了解其心理特征,并进行护理干预.方法 呼吸道异物住院的1～3岁患儿190例,采用儿童气质软件(CPCTS)及气质测查问卷,由家长填写问卷配以计算机录入分析结果的形式进行评估.结果 D型患儿行为问题比E型多,以品行问题、焦虑、冲动多动、学习问题、多动指数等突出.S型、I-D型、I-E型患儿的行为问题也较E型多,但不如D型突出;S型患儿心身障碍较其他气质类型患儿突出.结论 中间偏易养型、易养型是0～3岁小儿的主要气质类型.应根据不同性别及年龄段小儿的特点给予针对性的教育和指导,促进小儿健康成长。

Unusual case of laryngeal foreign body

The Foreign bodies in respiratory tract have been major cause of morbidity and present as challenge to otolaryngologists. Despite improvement in medical care and public awareness, they are major concern for otolaryngologists. The spectrum of presentation varies widely from sudden death due to respiratory obstruction to accidental finding during routine investigations. A case of unusual presentation of laryngeal foreign body with just loss of voice is described here.

Foreign bodies in ear, nose and throat (Predictions and management)

Management of a patient with foreign body (FB) in the ENT areas is an art. FB in the respiratory tract is fraught with respiratory obstruction and even death, rarely though, especially in infants and children, if not intervened in time. Fair prediction can be made as to the site and side of lodgment of FB in lower respiratory tract depending on the age of the patient so that timely intervention on the involved side can be made without undertaking haphazard scopy.

Multiple foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree

Inhaled foreign bodies in respiratory tract are usually single. Multiple foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree are extremly rare. A nine-month-old infant with four pieces of belelnut in right bronchus is reported and its management is discussed.

Unusual case of laryngeal foreign body

The foreign bodies in respiratory tract have been major cause of morbidity and present as challenge to otolaryngologist. The spectrum of presentation varies widely from sudden death due to respiratory obstruction to accidental finding during routine investigation. One case of unusual presentation of laryngeal foreign body with loss of voice is described here. Key words: Respiratory obstruction laryngeal; foreign body DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v6i1.3601 Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010, Vol. 6, No. 1, 44-46