Foreign Bodies In Gastrointestinal Tract Research Articles

Endoscopic retrieval of oesophageal foreign body in a dachshund

Four-year-old male Dachshund dog was presented to Madras Veterinary College and Teaching Hospital with the history of gradual weight loss and chronic vomiting for more than twenty days. Previously the dog was treated in several places with anti-emetics, proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, fluid therapy and antibiotics but there was no improvement. On clinical examination the dog was severely dehydrated, increased skin tenting time and increased capillary refill time. Hematobiochemical assessment revealed mild hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Radiographic examination of thorax and abdomen revealed no radio-opaque foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract and ultrasound examination also confirmed the same. Contrast radiographic examination revealed absence of megaesophagus and foreign body in gastrointestinal tract. Hence upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and which revealed presence of plastic thread twine along the esophagus from the level of pharynx to cardia and the foreign body was retrieved using endoscopic forceps. Further the animal was treated with fluid therapy along with other supportive therapy. The dog was shown the clinical improvement after third day.

Radiographic identification of challenging gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies: a descriptive study of how appearance varies in air versus water to aid interpretation.

To provide veterinarians with updated radiographic descriptions of select radiolucent foreign material in a simulated gastrointestinal environment. 368 veterinarian respondents from the US. An online survey was administered between June 18, 2023, and July 2, 2023, through a private veterinarian-based social media group. Representative commonly ingested foreign bodies were radiographed surrounded by air and water to simulate being within the gastrointestinal tract. Two examiners evaluated and qualified the opacity of the objects for each environment. The private social media group had a total of 3,900 members including veterinarians from all disciplines. A total of 362 small animal veterinarians (9.3% of the group) responded to the study reporting a total of 123 foreign objects that were not causing mechanical obstruction at the time of initial presentation. Sixty-eight foreign bodies were reported greater than or equal to 5 times and grouped as balls (n = 4), food (9), fabric (14), wood (3), soft plastic (14), hard plastic (18), or other (6). Most (98.5% [67/68]) objects were easily identifiable in air. In water, 23.5% (16/68) of the objects were obscured, and 39.7% (27/68) had inversion of the major opacity when compared to the opacity in air. The opacity of some ingested radiolucent material can invert relative to air or fluid, which may reflect substantial differences in detection following repositioning. When known dietary indiscretion occurs, radiographing a sample of the material in air and water will improve the accuracy of assessment.

Foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract in children: A tertiary hospital experience.

Foreign body (FB) ingestion in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in children is common. Although most foreign bodies will pass spontaneously, surgical intervention is required when they fail to pass. The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience in the management of children who presented with FB in the GIT. This was a retrospective study of children that underwent laparotomy for the removal of FB in the GIT at the paediatric surgery unit of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu over a 10-year period. A total of 272 children presented with FB in the GIT during the study period, out of which 30 patients had laparotomy. This gave an operative incidence rate of 11%. There was a slight male predominance and the ages of the patients ranged from 6 months to 5 years (median 3 years). About half of the patients had no symptoms and all the patients were investigated with an abdominal radiograph. Only one-third of the patients had a predisposing factor that could have led to FB impaction. FB impaction was the most common indication for surgery, and enterotomy with FB removal was the most performed surgical procedure. The most common FB removed were tiny parts of toys, and the most common post-operative complication was surgical site infection. There was no mortality. FB in GIT in children could be associated with complications that require surgical treatment. FB ingestion is preventable. Focus should be placed on caregivers preventing children from ingesting FB.

Linear foreign body in the small intestine of a Persian cat-a case report

Foreign body in gastrointestinal tract is a common problem in small animal practice, especially in domestic cats. A case report of recurrent ingested thread as a linear foreign body with the thread held back by the tongue and stuck causing further complications is presented in this case report. Interestingly, the radiographic results did not indicate the paisley shaped gas pattern which is characteristic of a linear foreign body. The final diagnosis was made by exploratory laparotomy which confirmed the presence of several threads in the small intestine. Therefore, this complex case was diagnosed based on history, clinical signs and results of radiography and confirmed by exploratory laparotomy. This is the first ever published case report of successful clinical management of a linear foreign body in UAE according to the authors’ knowledge.

Colonic contained perforation of unknown etiology treated conservatively in a 34 year old female patient: a case report

A colon perforation is defined as a disruption in the continuity of the gastrointestinal wall. A contained perforation is a situation where the perforation is self-limited, usually by adhesion to other structures in the abdominal cavity. Many conditions can cause perforation, including cancer, diverticular disease, or iatrogenic perforation such as during an endoscopy procedure. Less commonly, the cause may be inflammatory bowel disease or the presence of a foreign body in gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, there are also publications describing situations of spontaneous rupture of the intestinal wall, i.e. spontaneous perforations. This group includes spontaneous perforation caused by fecal stones and idiopathic perforation. In this article we present a case report of a 34 year old woman with perforation of the large intestine without any apparent cause. We discuss the differential diagnosis of patients with conservatively treated perforation with unknown colonoscopy result.

FOREIGN BODIES OF THE UPPER DEPARTMENTS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

In recent years, the number of patients with foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract who need hospital treatment has increased significantly. However, in some cases there are complications that lead to death or require complex reconstructive surgery.
 Objective: to improve the results of treatment of patients with gastrointestinal foreign bodies by improving treatment tactics.
 Materials and methods: the object of the study were 223 patients who sought help in the “Regional Clinical Hospital” Kharkiv in the period from 2016 to 2021. Particular attention was paid to aggressive foreign bodies (alkaline batteries, wedged in the esophagus). projects and more).
 Results: foreign bodies were removed in the shortest possible time by esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
 Conclusions:
 1. Dynamic monitoring of a swallowed foreign body without its endoscopic removal is recommended when patients have no clinical symptoms and the foreign body is blunt, inert and small, is there is a guarantee of its safe involuntary discharge.
 
 Flexible endoscopy — the best diagnostic and therapeutic method for foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract, with a success rate of 95%
 Emergency, within 2 hours of admission, endoscopic intervention is recommended for foreign bodies that have caused complete obstruction of the esophagus, as well as for acute foreign bodies and batteries located in the esophagus.

Unusual Foreign Bodies in Gastrointestinal Tract – A Case Series

Foreign body ingestion is one of the commonest presenting complaints in emergency department throughout the world. Majority of foreign bodies will be expelled spontaneously or can be removed endoscopically but only a few require emergency surgical removal.Majority of foreign body ingestions are encountered in pediatric age group elderly and individuals with psychiatric illness being the next common group. We present here three cases of foreign body ingestion in unusual circumstances.

ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ ПРОГЛАТЫВАНИЯ ДЕТЬМИ ИНОРОДНЫХ ТЕЛ В ФОРМЕ МАГНИТНЫХ ШАРИКОВ

The authors draw attention to dangerous children's toys – magnetic balls (MB). When MB is swallowed in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), they can connect with each other in chains or are attracted to each other through the intestinal wall, forming necrosis and perforation of hollow organs at the junction. The authors cite four clinical cases of patients aged 2 to 8 years with varying degrees of severity of pathology caused by magnetic foreign bodies in GIT, from spontaneous discharge of foreign bodies during vomiting to multiple perforations of GIT.

Clinical report and analysis of 24 cases of multiple magnetic beads foreign body in gastrointestinal tract of children.

This study aimed to analyze the data of 24 cases of multiple perforation or obstruction of the digestive tract caused by accidental ingestion of magnetic beads, to improve the understanding of its harmfulness to children and explore the best treatment. In total, 24 cases were collected and retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups: perforation group and non-perforation group. The medical history, number of magnetic beads, white blood cell (WBC) count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were analyzed. There was no significant difference in age, gender, medical history, number of magnetic beads, and WBC count between the perforation group and non-perforation group, but there was a significant difference in CRP. After the diagnosis, 70% of the cases underwent laparotomy and perforation repair. All cases recovered smoothly after the operation, and no complications occurred during the follow-up. This study offers diagnosis and treatment methods for the perforation or obstruction of the digestive tract caused by accidental ingestion of magnetic beads and raises the awareness regarding the harmfulness of the presence of foreign bodies in the digestive tract.

Unusual Presentation of An Unusual Foreign Body in Gastrointestinal Tract of a 6-Year-Old Boy

Foreign body ingestion may do not have any sign and symptoms and cause no complication [1]. In some cases, it can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation or obstruction [1]. Many of foreign bodies can pass through gastrointestinal tract without any signs, symptoms and complications [2]. Foreign body is more common in male population and male to female ratio is reported nearly 1.5/1 in some investigations [3]. In this case presentation we will explain signs and symptoms of a 6-year-old boy who had swallowed a telescopic antenna when it was closed and it produced abdominal pain after opening in gastrointestinal tract due to peristaltic movement. Abdominal pain had been introduced in forward bending position. At the time of operation, we found a metal telescopic antenna in the duodenum which was removed by duodenotomy.

Effectiveness of flexible endoscopy in the management of upper gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies at a tertiary hospital of western Nepal

Background: Foreign body ingestions are some of the most challenging clinical scenarios faced by gastrointestinal endoscopists. The commonly ingested foreign bodies are coins, toys, and batteries in children whereas bone or meat boluses are common in adults. The present study was carried out to study the clinical profile of patients presenting with foreign body in the upper gastrointestinal tract and effectiveness of endoscopy as a therapeutic tool in its management.
 Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the endoscopy unit of Uni­versal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal from Jan 2015 to Dec 2018. All pa­tients who underwent endoscopy with suspicion of ingestion of foreign body in the upper gastrointestinal tract were enrolled in this study. Foreign body was removed with appropri­ate endoscopic tools.
 Results: Sixty-four patients were enrolled in the present study with mean age of 34.78±21.84 years. There were 42.19% (n=27) males with female preponderance (57.37%, n=37). Retrosternal discomfort with dysphagia was the most common presentations seen in 68.75% (n=44) patients. The most common site for foreign body impaction was lower oesophagus (53.13%). Three most common foreign bodies encountered were meat bone, meat balls and coins respectively. Endoscopic management was successful in 59 (92.19%) patients.
 Conclusions: Foreign body ingestion is commonly seen in children and young adults with fe­male predominance. Most common upper gastrointestinal foreign bodies are related to food bolus impaction with animal bone or meat. Therapeutic endoscopy is a safe and effective method for removing foreign body from upper gastrointestinal tract.

Emergency Endoscopic Management of Pediatric Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Foreign Bodies: A North Indian Study

Introduction: Ingestion of a foreign body (FB) is a common pediatric emergency seen in daily clinical practice all over. Scarce data on this problem is available from this part of the world. Methods: We present our experience over four years about the spectrum of foreign bodies presenting to a gastrointestinal endoscopy (GI) centre and their subsequent management. Data was collected from all consecutive patients with FB ingestion presenting to our endoscopy center from January 2015 to December 2018. The demographic data, clinical presentation and endoscopic management was reviewed and analyzed. Results: A total of 130 patients with suspected FB ingestion underwent endoscopic management. 130 FBs were found in 130 patients with suspected FB. Scarf pin was most common type seen in 69 % cases followed by coins in 10.7 % cases. Button battery was noted in 7.7 % patients. Most of the FBs were located in the stomach (69 %) followed by esophagus (13.8 %). The majority of patients (94.4 %) were successfully removed with flexible endoscopy with the addition of suitable devices without any serious procedure-related or anesthesia -related complications. Conclusion: In this part of the world the pattern and types of Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract foreign bodies in pediatric population is unique not seen elsewhere across the globe. Early endoscopic management was found to be highly safe and efficacious.

The safety and feasibility of endoscopic treatment for upper gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies in elderly patients over 80 years old

目的： 对≥80岁上消化道异物患者行内镜治疗的安全性和可行性进行分析。 方法： 采用描述性病例系列研究方法，回顾性分析2014年5月4日至2018年1月13日在复旦大学附属中山医院及厦门大学附属第一医院接受内镜治疗的高龄（≥80岁）、上消化道异物梗阻患者的病例资料。共纳入患者313例（复旦大学附属中山医院293例，厦门大学附属第一医院20例），男性92例，女性221例，男女比例0.4∶1.0。年龄范围80~100（84.6±3.9）岁，32例（10.2%）患者合并相关上消化道疾病。食管上段异物梗阻259例（82.7%），其中食管入口处205例（65.5%）；108例（34.5%）异物类型为枣核。观察内镜治疗方法及一次性成功取出率、并发症发生及内镜处理情况。 结果： 301例（96.2%）在内镜下一次性成功取出异物。12例内镜治疗失败患者年龄为（86.5±4.5）岁，与成功者（84.7±3.9）岁相比，差异无统计学意义（t=1.519，P=0.130）。173例（55.3%）采用静脉全身麻醉，264例（84.3%）单用异物钳取出异物。本组272例（86.9%）伴有异物相关并发症，其中185例（59.1%）为黏膜充血水肿、少量渗血等轻微并发症；20例（6.4%）为消化道溃疡或黏膜剥脱撕裂，均未做内镜特殊处理；21例（6.7%）明显出血，1例（0.3%）上消化道大出血，均接受了内镜下止血治疗；45例患者伴有异物相关消化道穿孔，其中8例经内镜下金属夹夹闭穿孔、3例经内镜下置入食管支架扩张狭窄及封堵瘘口。40例异物相关消化道穿孔患者接受随访，发现穿孔均愈合，无外科手术及死亡。本组313例患者中，2例（0.6%）发生内镜操作相关并发症，均因剧烈呕吐导致贲门黏膜撕裂，行禁食1 d及营养支持治疗后好转，无内镜进一步处理。 结论： 高龄上消化道异物患者采用内镜治疗取出异物和处理异物相关并发症安全可行。.

Symptomatology of gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies

Aim. To study the clinical problems and develop the symptomatology of the foreign bodies (FB) of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
 Materials and methods. Ninety patients with GIT foreign bodies were observed over the period from 1997 to 2017. To diagnose, a complex of endoscopic and radial methods was used. Localization, size and type of the detected foreign bodies were compared with the symptoms revealed.
 Results. Fifty patients intentionally swallowed foreign bodies, 40 – accidentally. Altogether, 90 patients swallowed 193 items (nails, needles, pieces of wire etc.). On the basis of the study, three forms of clinical course regarding the swallowed GIT FB were singled out: latent, manifest and complicated. The pathognomonic symptoms of GIT FB are “migrant” abdominal pains associated with migration of FB along the GIT lumen, intensification of pains while moving, exercise stress and palpation, feeling of “heaviness” in epigastric region. Multiple gastric FB cause the auscultative symptom of “ringing”. Pains, available with GIT FB, are not connected with taking food and are not ceased after taking antacids.
 Conclusions. Introduction of the developed GIT FB symptomatology into healthcare practice and training of physicians will contribute to earlier and more accurate diagnosis.

The Combination Therapy of Dissolution Using Carbonated Liquid and Endoscopic Procedure for Bezoars: Pragmatical and Clinical Review.

Bezoars are relatively rare foreign bodies of gastrointestinal tract and often cause ileus and ulcerative lesions in the stomach and subsequent bleeding and perforation due to their size and stiffness. Therefore, the removal of bezoars is essential and recent development of devices, the endoscopic removal procedure, is often applied. However, due to their stiffness, simple endoscopic removal failed in not a few cases, and surgical removal has also been used. Recently, the efficacy of a combination therapy of endoscopic procedure and dissolution using carbonated liquid has been reported. To develop the safe and effective removal procedure, we carefully reviewed a total of 55 reported cases in this study including our 3 additional cases, successfully treated with dissolution with endoscopic fragmentation. In summary, the data showed the efficiency in the combination therapy, treating the larger size of bezoar and reducing the length of hospital stay. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest pragmatical and clinical review for the combination therapy of dissolution and endoscopic treatment for bezoars. This review should help physicians to manage bezoars more efficiently.

RESULTS OF ENDOSCOPIC REMOVAL OF FOREIGN BODIES AND BEZOARS

Aim. To improve the techniques for treatment of patients with foreign bodies and bezoars in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Materials and methods. The results of endoscopic removal of gastrointestinal (GIT) foreign bodies and bezoars in 76 patients aged 3 to 83 years were studied. Fifty two patients swallowed foreign bodies themselves, 12 patients had bezoars, 12 - ligature GIT foreign bodies. Different models of fibroendoscopes (Company Olympus), various methods and instruments for removal of foreign bodies were used. Results. Endoscopic technique appeared to be effective in 12 patients with ligature foreign bodies and in all 52 patients with swallowed foreign bodies (77 subjects were removed). Complete breaking and removal was successfully performed in 9 patients with fitobezoars. Conclusions. Contraindications for endoscopic technique of foreign body and bezoar removal were determined.

A rare Case Report of Sigmoid Colon Perforation Due to Accidental Swallowing of Partial Denture.

Perforation peritonitis is an important cause of generalized peritonitis and pneumoperitoneum. Large bowel perforation due to swallowed artificial denture is extremely rare. Foreign body can be ingested accidentally or in a suicidal attempt. However, ingested foreign body causing sigmoid colon perforation is extremely rare. Complications caused by ingestion of foreign body in gastrointestinal tract include obstruction, perforation, bleeding, or impaction at the sites of physiological narrowing or acute angulation in gastrointestinal tract. We hereby report a case of sigmoid colon perforation due to swallowed partial denture.

Clinical Analysis of Foreign Bodies in Gastrointestinal Tract in Children

Foreign body ingestion is a common problem among paediatric populations. Most of the ingested foreign bodies spontaneously pass through the gastrointestinal tract, but approximately less then 10% of them remain without being discharged, and trigger complications. Therefore, proper evaluation and treatment according to the situation is required. In this study, clinical progress and complications were analyzed according to the clinical features and treatment in children who ingested foreign bodies. Among pediatric patients under 18 who were admitted to Chonnam National University Hospital after ingesting foreign bodies between January 2008 to June 2012, only the patients who had their foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract were included in this study. Based on medical records, age, type of foreign body, time spent till admission, and whether the endoscopy was done or not, complication were researched retrospectively. According to symptoms and plain abdomen X-ray findings, treatment was chosen and conducted among endoscopy, observation and emergency operation. Among 273 patients, 9 (3.3%) of them had surgical removal. Seven (2.6%) of them had an emergency operation on the day of admission, and the rest 2 (0.7%) had operation during observation. Removal through initial endoscopic approach was tried in 157 (57.5%) patients. Eleven (70.8%) of them had their foreign body removed at the initial trial, and 5 (4.9%) of them at the second trial. Among 109, who were on observation status, 9 (8.3%) of them needed endoscopic removal, and 2 (1.8%) of them suffered from surgical removal. It is thought to be better to approach slowly considering the type, size and symptoms in foreign body ingestion of pediatric patients, rather than immediate and invasive removal.

Child abuse: Multiple foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract

The incidents of foreign body ingestion in infants and children are usually viewed as accidents, but these events may be a form of child abuse. We are reporting a case of child abuse who presented with multiple foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract. Physicians are required to report abuse when they have reason to believe or to suspect that it occurred. The purpose of reporting is not punishment of the perpetrator – it is the protection of the child. It is certainly in the best interest of the child, because child abuse is a recurrent and usually escalating problem that exposes the child to substantial risk.

Rapunzel syndrome

Introduction. Trichobezoars are foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract, composed of hair. They occur mainly in children and adolescents suffering from trichotillophagia. They commonly occur in the stomach, but as they enlarge over time, they can extend through the pylorus into distal parts of the small intestine resembling a tail. This rare form of trichobezoar is named Rapunzel syndrome. Case report. We presented a 19-year-old female patient, who suffered from trichotillomania and trichotillophagia, which led to trichobezoar formation. Intra-abdominal tumour was suspected after initial clinical examination. Abdominal echosonography, endoscopy and abdominal computed tomography (CT scan) in the pre-operational period revealed trichobezoar formation. The patient was operated on and subjected to further psychiatric treatment. Conclusion. Trichobezoar should be differentially diagnostically taken into consideration in younger women with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, palpable abdominal mass and psychiatric disorders. Most trichobezoar cases require surgical treatment, whereas the patients need long-term psychiatric treatment and monitoring.