Competitive Forces Research Articles

The Influence of Online and Offline Sales at Marina Bakoel Klambi Shop

The current level of intense business competition forces businesspeople to continue trying to maintain their operations and compete to achieve predetermined goals. Now, selling products involves more than just offline sales or so-called traditional sales, but also utilizing information technology. Toko Marina Bakoel Klambi is faced with the problem of sales methods. Whether to stay focused on traditional methods or use information technology in the present, this study uses quantitative methods using multiple linear regression analysis in software in the form of SPSS 25 tools. Based on the results of the analysis at the 0.05 significance level, it shows that sales so far have a significant effect on the level of sales. Conversely, it can be proven that offline sales do not influence the level of sales. In addition, in the simultaneous significance test offline and during sales have a significant impact on the number of sales. So, in this case, the comparison of sales at Toko Marina Bakoel Klambi in terms of time is more useful for sellers in boosting sales

A Proposed Model for the Relationship between the Key Competitive Forces and the Differentiation Strategy in the Egyptian National Universities the Mediation Effect of Market Orientation

A Proposed Model for the Relationship between the Key Competitive Forces and the Differentiation Strategy in the Egyptian National Universities the Mediation Effect of Market Orientation

The art of rivalry

Abstract In the years just before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the American banker and philanthropist Jules S. Bache (1861–1944) built a collection of European paintings and decorative art which, in the 1930s, was located at a crossroads in collecting practices and museum growth in the United States. His offer of the collection as a gift to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, made in 1936 on condition that it be separately named and housed, was at first rejected. He next opened his home to the public as a museum, burnishing his holdings with frequent exhibitions and publicity. In 1943 the Second World War forced Bache’s museum to close but brought the collection on loan to the Met, which had put its own masterworks into protective storage. Acquisition of Bache’s collection was now ‘imperative’, and the parties agreed on terms. At his death he contributed fifty-eight paintings together with items of sculpture, Georgian silver, enamel work, porcelain, tapestry, and furniture. Their transfer to the Met illustrates the competitive forces – personal, financial, institutional and geopolitical – that brought private collections to public museums in the USA before and during the years of global war.

Перспективы развития экспорта сахара и сахарной продукции

Abstract. The purpose is to study the current state and features of the development of the world sugar market, develop proposals for supporting exports in the commodity group “Sugar and sugar confectionery” at the regional level in the new conditions of foreign economic activity. Methods. In the course of the study, statistical, analytical, graphical methods, Porter's 5 competitive forces analysis method, as well as regression analysis and expert survey methods were used. Results. This study clarifies the parameters of the global market for sugar products; the competitive positions of Russia in the studied market were analyzed taking into account the situation in 2022, the rating of regions in the export of sugar products was considered, in particular, the state of exports in the Stavropol Territory was studied. Based on the theory of M. Porter, strategies for entering foreign markets in the context of the Sugar and Sugar Confectionery segments were determined and measures for their implementation were proposed. A forecast was developed for further development in certain segments of foreign trade in sugar products in the world, in Russia and the Stavropol Territory, scenarios for the development of exports of sugar products in the Stavropol Territory were substantiated. The novelty of the results lies in clarifying the positions and prospects of Russian exports in the new conditions, taking into account the generalization of the opinions of experts at the regional and federal levels; substantiating of directions for choosing a competitive strategy for Russia when selling goods in the context of two segments (“Sugar” and “Confectionery from sugar”) on the world market; substantiation of the forecast values of exports of sugar and sugar confectionery in the world, Russia and the Stavropol Territory until 2025 using trend analysis; development of development scenarios as part of a strategy to increase the export of sugar and sugar confectionery in the Stavropol Territory.

Driver Analysis of High-end Sausage Brands in Shanghai City

Focusing on the five mainstream brands and CP Brand, this paper aims to analyze the target population, product demand and market pattern of the high-end sausage products in Shanghai. This study utilizes a variety of survey methods, three-stage sampling method, and questionnaire survey on the resident population aged 18-60 years old in Shanghai as the target population to collect data. It mainly utilizes a variety of quantitative analysis and data mining methods to aid CP in refining the strategy of hot item development. Through the analysis of the market pattern, the problems in CP Brand's customer development and customer retention capabilities, market positioning, and the driving force of brand competition are found. Through the analysis, the conclusion is as follows: CP Sausage's product positioning is not clear in consumers' mind, and the product characteristics are not visible. In this regard, CP Brand should cultivate the advantages of the brand independent of the existing brands in the market, and develop the irreplaceable product status of the brand. Finally, it should make the brand's high-end sausage products show up more frequently in front of the consumers so that the consumers can know more about its products, and then it can get into the market quickly and gain a market share.

Assessment of the Attractiveness of the Algerian Banking Market through the Application of Porter's Five Forces Model

This study aims to analyse the competitiveness of the Algerian banking sector by attempting to apply Porter's Five Forces model. Additionally, it examines the attractiveness of the Algerian banking market. To achieve these objectives, a descriptive approach was adopted by analysing statistics from the Algerian Central Bank and the results of previous studies. An inductive method was also used to apply Porter's Five Forces model to the Algerian banking sector. The study concluded that the banking industry in Algeria is unattractive due to the weakness and lack of implementation of all five competitive forces in Porter's model within the Algerian banking sector. However, despite this, entering the Algerian banking market could be profitable if the focus is on improving the weaknesses in the market, such as electronic banking services, financing for freelancers and startups, foreign trade, and Islamic banking services.

Configuration design of reconfigurable single-product robotic assembly line for capacity scalability

Rapid product changes and fierce global competition force companies to react quickly to market changes associated with dynamic capacity. This paper investigates how to design and reconfigure configurations of the single-product scalable reconfigurable robotic assembly line (RAL) over multiple demand periods (DPs) with fluctuating demands. A two-phase approach is proposed, in phase 1, the configuration of RAL is designed to minimize the capital cost following the initial demand. In phase 2, the reconfiguration for each DP is performed according to demand fluctuations to minimize the sum of capital costs and reconfiguration costs between consecutive DPs. Mathematical models for the two phases are established. Then a hybrid particle swarm algorithm combined with simulated annealing (PSOSA) is proposed for practical-sized problems, and PSO and SA are chosen for comparison. Two other different approaches are selected for comparison. In approach 1 (robust strategy), each DP of the product lifecycle is calculated separately, and then a fixed configuration that can satisfy the maximal capacity of all DPs is obtained. In approach 2 (changeable strategy), the minimal-cost configuration for each DP is calculated separately first, and then the reconfiguration cost between adjacent DPs is counted. Furthermore, a set of instances is designed and the computational results of three approaches accompanied by PSOSA, PSO and SA versus the devised instances demonstrate the superiority and robustness of the proposed approach and PSOSA.

Landing on Tata runway for a rapid takeoff: Air India beyond 2021

Learning outcomes The case study highlights two strategic angles – that of the business unit (business strategy, profitability, market leadership. organizational culture, operational turnaround, industry structure and competitive dynamics) and the owner (returns, repositioning strategy and funding plan). By the end of this case study, students would be able to understand the changing competitive forces of a dynamic industry; analyse the circumstances leading to a change in the control of a firm from the state to the private sector; understand the logic of acquiring a perennially loss-making firm operating in a volatile environment without a unique strategy; identify a firm’s strategic and operational choices for financial turnaround, return to profitability and regaining market leadership; and learn about the actual strategic realities and choices confronting a troubled business organization in a difficult industry. Case overview/synopsis When the Tata Group took over Air India on 27 January 2022 from the state that had ownership for 68 years, Air India was under a long spell of poor performance, bleeding losses and unmanageable levels of debt. Unsatisfactory customer service, management issues and competition were the key reasons. Therefore, a crucial question facing the group’s Chairman N. Chandrasekaran was what workable strategy he could use to reposition Air India and make it profitable again so as to recover the $7.5bn of estimated investment involved in the acquisition and turnaround. Complexity academic level This case study is intended for undergraduate and graduate executive education levels in business administration and management and allied subjects, particularly for courses in strategic management, marketing, financial management, turnaround and transformation, mergers and acquisitions and organizational change. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Political transit in Germany in the 20–30s XX Century: background, Course, features

This article examines the problem of regressive political transit in Germany in the 20–30s of the last century, which led to the transition from the bourgeois-democratic Weimar Republic to the criminal terrorist regime of the Third Reich. The general theoretical provisions on political transit are revealed, the influence of political transformation on all components of society is analyzed. The course of changes in the way of life and militarization of the German economy is outlined, the homogenization of the political field that led to the establishment of a one-party dictatorship is described, the political and philosophical features of the unification of the ideological field are revealed. It is noted that the totalitarian nature of transit was postulated both by the Nazis themselves, who saw in the comprehensive absorption of society the benefit and expression of their own power, and by convinced opponents of the racist dictatorship, who rightly opposed total expansion, irredentism and anti-semitism. In conclusion, it is stated that in the sphere of power relations, the Nazi transit entailed the complete sterilization of the political field, the purification of space from competitive forces through intimidation and destruction, a change in the way of life from mixed to command-administrative with a bias towards militarization took place in the economy, a single nazi idea of racial domination was established in the spiritual and moral sphere the “aryans” and the apology of force, aggression and suppression was fixed

Inefficient markets for energy efficiency? – The efficiency premium puzzle in the German rental housing market

On the market where prospective renters meet dwelling offers, competitive forces and rational behavior on both sides would imply that the monthly basic rent should reflect differences in expected monthly heating costs – other things being equal. We test this hypothesis by specifying a hedonic price model reflecting a total-cost-of-renting perspective. Drawing on 844,229 apartment listings for rent from 2014 to 2020 on a small spatial scale, we find a premium for more energy-efficient apartments; however, it is rather small. If the energy performance score decreases by 10 kWh/m2a, the monthly basic rent increases, on average, by roughly €0.01 per square meter living area. The expected energy cost savings thereby exceed the premium by a factor of three to seven. Rather, we find discounts of up to 9.2 % if apartments use heating technologies that are known to be inefficient. We explore various explanations for these outcomes, considering both landlord and renter behavior.

Probation: pros and cons

Probation: pros and cons

Delegation of Duties on Strategic Plan Implementation in County Government of Nakuru, Kenya

Nakuru County Government has been facing the problem of poor state of county roads, shortage of water and strategic plan implementation in terms of attainment of goals, budgetary allocation to projects and timelines in project completion. The study sought to establish the effect of delegation of duties on strategic plan implementation in county government of Nakuru, Kenya. The study was anchored on implementation theory and theory of delegation, accountability and empowerment. A descriptive research design and census were used in the study. The target population was 107 employees in job group P and Q from the 11 ministries in the county. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. Content validity of research instrument was determined through a pilot study. Principle Axis factoring method was used to test the construct validity of research instrument. Cronbach’s Alpha method was used to determine reliability of research instrument with the aid Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Data was presented in form of tables. Findings indicated that there was a strong positive and significant effect of delegation of duties on strategic plan implementation. It was recommended that the county government should have a clear flow of communication between the various management levels. The study's results assist the county government and other policymakers identify major competitive forces in the environment and to develop methods to enhance performance, in order to facilitate project implementation.

Disrupting Brazilian television: Streaming and the decline of Globo's hegemony in video cultures

The Brazilian audiovisual landscape has been monopolized by the Grupo Globo conglomerate and its commercial broadcast network, TV Globo, which established a common video experience centered on the telenovela. Although cable and the internet sowed seeds of discontent in the 2000s, it was only with the advent of video streaming services in the 2010s that Brazil's video landscape was transformed. This led to the multiplication of video cultures and greater access to transnational audiovisual flows. This article frames streaming as a competitive force that has compelled Grupo Globo to diversify its storytelling and representation, highlighting its potential to disrupt Brazil's video cultures and exposing the limits of cultural proximity. It examines how streaming services affect Brazilian video cultures and how preexisting conditions in Brazil provide opportunities and limitations to underline streaming's disruptive potential for Brazil's video cultures and Globo's declining hegemony and ability to adapt to the digital era.

World Forage Import Market: Competitive Structure and Market Forces

Trade market power serves as a significant indicator of pricing power within the trade market. This paper aims to examine the market structure of global forage trade from 1997 to 2020 and assess the market power of forage exporters in major importing countries, namely Japan, China, and South Korea, by utilizing an extended G-K model based on the theory of residual elasticity of demand. The findings of this analysis provide several key insights. Firstly, it is revealed that the United States and Australia hold a monopoly on forage trade, while China has emerged as the most pivotal market for worldwide forage trade. Notably, China’s growing demand for forage imports is profoundly influencing the global forage trade landscape. Secondly, the extent and effectiveness of exporting countries’ market power in forage-importing nations, such as China, varies considerably. Lastly, the market power of forage-exporting countries is determined by various factors, including the demand for forage in importing nations, export monopoly, import structure, demand elasticity, and the level of marketization.

THE INFLUENCE OF HALAL LITERACY, ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, AND ADAPTABILITY ON MSME BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN BANGKALAN

Business competition forces entrepreneurs to have superior strategies to competein order to survive in the competition. The products produced are also an important partthat needs to be considered by MSME owners in the Bangkalan area. The researchmethod used is quantitative with multiple linear regression analysis. Sampling usingpurposive sampling technique with a total sample of 96. This study aims to determinethe steps of Bangkalan MSME owners in improving business performance in facing thisincreasingly fierce business competition through halal literacy variables, entrepreneurialorientation, adaptability, and business performance. The results in the study obtainedusing the t test showed that only halal literacy did not significantly affect businessperformance while for other variables it had a significant effect. In the F test the resultsobtained show that all research variables simultaneously have a significant effect onbusiness performance. The partial r square test explains that halal literacy,entrepreneurial orientation and adaptability have a significant effect on businessperformance. While in the R square test simultaneously obtained results that 58% canbe explained by halal literacy, entrepreneurial orientation, and adaptability, while theremaining 41.2% can be explained by other variables not examined by researchers.Keywords : Halal Literacy, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Adaptability, BusinessPerformance

Considerations for state-imposed conditions on healthcare provider transactions.

The widespread consolidation of health systems, hospitals, and physicians has contributed to the high price of healthcare across the United States. While federal antitrust enforcers continue to play an important role in overseeing large mergers, acquisitions, and other consolidating transactions of major healthcare providers, state oversight over healthcare markets is essential to slow consolidation more broadly and address market failures across the country. State laws govern the scope of authority held by state attorneys general and other state agencies to receive notice of, review, and approve, conditionally approve, or block healthcare provider transactions, which can significantly impact the breadth and content of oversight. While blocking potentially anticompetitive transactions can help states maintain any competitive forces that remain in the market, in some situations, approving a transaction with conditions may be the best path forward. Applying conditions to transactions may allow state officials to oversee and govern the behavior of providers post-transaction while states pursue other legislative fixes. Although the use of conditions is a relatively common practice at the state level, little research has been done to explore their use among states. Following a search in all 50 states, this paper examines decisions from state officials imposing conditions intended to address the impacts of transactions on healthcare price, access, and quality and provides recommendations for the effective use of conditions moving forward.

COST OPTMIZATION WITH INTERNET SUPPORTED FMEA AND FUZZY FMEA ANALYSIS

The global competitive environment forces businesses to produce high-quality and low-cost products and they develop strategies in this regard. At the same, production risks should be identified and their effects on quality and cost should be minimized. The FMEA method is a risk analysis method that produces effective results. Traditional FMEA and Fuzzy FMEA analyses were conducted in the machining workshop of an enterprise with a wide range of products and semi-products in this study. Real-time data was obtained with the help of an embedded set of data processing cards, which use IoT technology. These data have been used to identify errors that cause production bottlenecks, and they were obtained without relying on the machine operator. Improvements were made in the riskiest subjects during the three-month analysis, and it was discovered in the cost records that a total reduction of 6% in production costs was achieved. Simultaneously, traditional FMEA and fuzzy FMEA results were compared.

Football (soccer?) on campus. Examining the historical development and promotion of the world’s most popular sport through transatlantic university comparisons

PurposeFootball is the world's most popular sport and the role of football on campus is of interest to university public relations (PR) and management professionals tasked with operations, promotions and reputation management. The purpose of the study is to explore similarities and differences in the structure and promotion of football on campus in the USA and the UK.Design/methodology/approachThe authors completed this case study research by focusing on two related cases using cross-case pattern identification. Consistent with case study research, data collection methods were combined. Depth interviews with PR and management professionals at USA and UK universities were supported by archived documents, published media and social media accounts.FindingsFootball maintains a high level of popularity among students on campus, but each country's approach reveals different models and competitive market forces. In the USA, varsity football faces competition from popular revenue-producing sports (e.g. American football and men's basketball), but growth in the overall game, which is assisted by international influences, indicates future advancement opportunities. In the UK, football is the dominant campus sport with unique ties to professional football and high growth potential for the women's game. The lack of a fan-based model indicates the possibility for structural change, but stiff competition exists with the historically popular and well-developed professional game.Research limitations/implicationsA well-known limitation of case study research is the absence of generalizability, and each case has aspects that are unique to the research (Lucas et al., 2018). That applies in this instance as well. Variance is expected to exist between, and among universities and, based on this data, this is not possible to generalize to other universities. However, future survey research could use these results to help with the development of research questions using quantitative methods.Originality/valueSports PR research using the case model with professional teams has been conducted, but the authors found no published PR research comparing the structure and promotion of football at USA and UK universities. The outcomes can help with future research inquiries and theory development and are instructive for professionals working in the field.

Force plate testing is correlated with jumping performance in elite Nordic skiers

IntroductionSki jumping (SJ) and Nordic combined (NC) athletes are at higher risk for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) compared to the general population. ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between force plate testing metrics, Functional Movement Screen (FMS) scores, and radiographic signs of FAI and SJ performance. MethodsElite SJ and NC athletes were prospectively recruited. FMS testing was performed to assess muscular imbalance, instability, and immobility. Vertical jump testing was performed using a commercially available force plate device. Ski jump score and distance score were measured on a single jump for each athlete. ResultsTwenty-one athletes (10 SJ, 11 NC) with competition scores were included. On FMS testing, most SJ (67%) and NC (73%) athletes demonstrated core instability. There were higher rates of hip instability and ankle stiffness among SJ athletes, although not statistically significant (P > .05). Ski jump distance score was significantly positively correlated with force plate vertical jump height, maximum acceleration, maximum velocity, concentric impulse, counter-movement depth, and flight time (P < .05). FMS testing results and radiographic FAI were not significantly associated with competition scores. ConclusionsOur results show significant positive correlations between competition scores and force plate jump testing performance as measured by jump height, acceleration, maximum velocity, counter-movement depth, and concentric impulse in elite SJ and NC athletes. Our findings suggest that ski jumpers may benefit from training that emphasizes stretch-shortening cycles and eccentric-to-concentric contraction transition, which may optimize their performance and promote joint stability.

The core genome evolution of Lactobacillus crispatus as a driving force for niche competition in the human vaginal tract.

The lower female reproductive tract is notoriously dominated by Lactobacillus species, among which Lactobacillus crispatus emerges for its protective and health-promoting activities. Although previous comparative genome analyses highlighted genetic and phenotypic diversity within the L. crispatus species, most studies have focused on the presence/absence of accessory genes. Here, we investigated the variation at the single nucleotide level within protein-encoding genes shared across a human-derived L. crispatus strain selection, which includes 200 currently available human-derived L. crispatus genomes as well as 41 chromosome sequences of such taxon that have been decoded in the framework of this study. Such data clearly pointed out the presence of intra-species micro-diversities that could have evolutionary significance contributing to phenotypical diversification by affecting protein domains. Specifically, two single nucleotide variations in the type II pullulanase gene sequence led to specific amino acid substitutions, possibly explaining the substantial differences in the growth performances and competition abilities observed in a multi-strain bioreactor culture simulating the vaginal environment. Accordingly, L. crispatus strains display different growth performances, suggesting that the colonisation and stable persistence in the female reproductive tract between the members of this taxon is highly variable.