Food In Rural Areas Research Articles

The social reproduction of (and through) food: Agrarian change in Uzbekistan

AbstractFood systems—and the interplay between food production, marketisation and access—are constituent elements of the social reproduction of life. Using a social reproduction framework, this paper problematises the ontological, epistemological and methodological premises of food system studies in agrarian change. Based on primary data collected during multiple rounds of fieldwork in rural Uzbekistan and adopting mixed methods, it offers a triple contribution. First, it assesses the inequalities of food security and dietary diversity among different classes of farmers and agrarian wage workers. Along these lines, it argues that individualised food security indicators do not unveil the systemic determinants that explain unequal patterns of social reproduction through nutrition during processes of agrarian marketisation. To move beyond individual‐based theorisations, it extends the investigation to state policies, market drivers and gender norms in relation to food knowledge, provision, affordability and availability. In so doing, it unpacks the contradictions that explain the uneven conditions of social reproduction of (and through) food. Finally, by investigating the modalities of access and availability of ultra‐processed food in rural areas, it reflects on the tensions between the capitalist global food system and its interaction with the logics of state‐led development to maintain the social reproduction of rural life.

Navigating the Complex Terrain of Food Security in Decentralised Systems: Insights from South Africa and Nigeria

Despite their substantial economies and populations, South Africa and Nigeria encounter significant challenges primarily due to constraints in accessing to agricultural input resources. The study adopts an interpretivist approach, which involves acknowledging reality and making meaningful contributions through qualitative research. As such, secondary data was collected and analysed thematically. This paper delves into the multifaceted nature of food insecurity, highlighted by historical factors, widespread poverty and unemployment, further exacerbated by escalating global food prices. The correlation between exorbitant input expenses and restricted agricultural yields and production, resulting in heightened food prices, is thoroughly explored. Additionally, the review critically examines the influence of climate change on the agricultural sector and its implications for the availability and accessibility of food in rural areas. The narrative in this paper emphasises the imperative of fairness, equity, transparency, and accountability in formulating sustainable strategies to combat these challenges. The paper advocates for contextually appropriate, evidence-based policy approaches, emphasising the significance of collaborations between research institutions and government entities. Such partnerships are crucial for developing efficacious responses to issues like drought, which necessitate comprehensive monitoring systems and mitigation strategies. The role of local government in fostering the growth of agro-based enterprises is underscored, illustrating how local processing of agricultural products can augment revenue, employment, and overall agricultural productivity. The paper also proposes policies to attract private sector investment, such as subsidies for farming equipment and fertilisers, and the development of climate-resilient agricultural technologies that integrate local indigenous knowledge. Lastly, the paper addresses the critical imperative of enhancing the resilience of supply chains against unforeseen disruptions, encompassing natural disasters and market fluctuations. This entails implementing risk management strategies, investing in infrastructure, adopting advanced technologies, and fostering collaboration throughout the supply chain. The paper concludes that such measures are indispensable for ensuring a stable and consistent supply of agricultural products, ultimately benefiting both producers and consumers and contributing to the overarching goal of attaining food security in South Africa, Nigeria, and similar contexts. Keywords: Food security, Rural livelihoods, Strategic policies, Vulnerable communities, South Africa, Nigeria

Local knowledge of the Sundanese community on traditional foods to enhance the family food security

Sundanese people in rural West Java have a rich the local knowledge on a variety of traditional foods. However, studies on the local knowledge of Sundanese rural communities on the variety of traditional foods are still rare. The objective of this article is to elucidate the local knowledge of Cijambu Village community, Tanjungsari Sub-district, Sumedang District, West Java, on the traditional foods. The method used in this study was qualitative with Gastronomic Ethnobiological approach. It may be defined as the study of the complex interactions between human societies, food, and their environment. The result of study showed that there are at least 26 types of traditional foods that are usually created by the local community of Cijambu Village. The producing of a variety of traditional foods is based on local knowledge of the rural people as a result of inheritance from one generation to another. The basic ingredients for creating a variety of traditional foods are mainly used various plants that are produced from village agroecosystem. At least 39 species of plants representing 21 families are predominantly used to create 26 types of traditional food of Cijambu village community. Almost all of those plants are obtained from the production of various village agroecosystems of Cijambu, including homegarden, upland field, and wet-rice fields. The existence of a variety of traditional foods in rural areas, in addition to maintaining the identity of the village traditional food cultures, is also important to support food security in rural areas.

Within-year changes in households’ access to food in a unimodal climate rural area of Benin Republic

Food insecurity is a concern in Benin not only because of seasonal variations in food availability but also the limited access to food experienced by some households. This study analysed the effect of seasonality on household access to food in a rural area of Benin characterised by a unimodal climate. One hundred and seventy volunteer households were recruited in the study area and monitored during the increased, intermediate and decreased (or lean) food availability periods (FAPs) from September 2018 to July 2019. Socio-demographic data were collected during individual interviews with household heads and used to describe the sample. Data on households’ access to food were collected on a bimonthly basis using a food consumption score (FCS) questionnaire. Food consumption scores were used to divide the households into three food consumption groups (FCGs): poor (FCS ≤ 21), borderline (21.5 ≤ FCS ≤ 35) and acceptable (FCS > 35). Generalized estimate equation (GEE) was used to compare FCGs among the repeated measures. The principal occupation of household heads was agriculture (72.9%) and the mean household size was 6.8±3.6 persons. The FCS ranged from 59.7±15.5 to 69.4±15.9. The lowest FCS was recorded in September (intermediate FAP) whereas the highest was obtained in May (lean FAP). All the households (100%) had acceptable food consumption during the increased FAP (November to January). The proportion of households with acceptable food consumption was 91% in September and decreased from 99% in March to 90% in July, that is, during the lean FAP. On the other hand, the proportion of households with borderline and poor food consumption was 9% in September and increased from 1% in March to 10% in July. The proportions of FCGs obtained in November, January, March and May significantly differed from that of July (p<0.05) whereas there was no significant difference between September and July. Households had frequent (5 to 7 days/week) and regular (all months) intakes of starchy staples, vegetables, meats and fish. In contrast, the frequency of pulses and fruits consumption varied between months. In conclusion, the lean FAP (May to July) and the following intermediate FAP (September) are characterised by a deterioration in households’ access to food. The variation of pulses and fruits consumption throughout the year is the result of food insecurity and constitutes a major risk factor for micronutrient malnutrition for household members. Keys words: Households, access to food, food consumption score, longitudinal studies, unimodal climate, Benin Republic

The fatty acid composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of wild edible Smilax excelsa L. shoots.

The present study examines the fatty acid composition, phytochemicals content and antioxidant potential of Smilax excelsa L. shoots, which grows spontaneously and is consumed as food in rural areas of Düzce (Türkiye) province, was investigated. DPPH, ABTS and OH radical scavenging tests were utilized to put forth the antiradical properties of the extracts of this plant. In addition, the metal chelating potential of this plant was also evaluated. The higher the inhibition % value calculated in these tests, the higher the antioxidant activity was considered and the results were evaluated. The average ABTS radical cleaning test results of Smilax excelsa extracts prepared in different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and pure water were found to be 98.14%, 98.16%, 90.20%, respectively. The average DPPH radical cleaning test results of the extracts of this plant prepared in different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and pure water were determined as 87.48%, 76%, 46.53%, respectively. The OH radical cleaning test results of methanol, ethanol and pure water extracts of the Smilax excelsa were determined as 54.79%, 72.54%, none, respectively. In addition, the metal chelation test results of methanol, ethanol and pure water extracts of this plant were determined as 87.26%, 89.36%, 53.70%. The highest protein (85.91 mg BSA/g), proanthocyanidin (55.39 mg CE/g) and phenolic (4957.57 μg GAE/g) content of Smilax excelsa pure water extract was determined. It has been determined that gallic acid (117.33 μg/g), vanillic acid (33.89 μg/g), caffeic acid (4.55 μg/g), ferulic acid (93.78 μg/g), rosmarinic acid (0.33 μg/g) and hydrocynamic acid (0.33 μg/g) are found in different proportions in the Smilax excelsa. It has been stated that Smilax excelsa is an important source of palmitic acid (20.52%), stearic acid (4.95%), oleic acid (4.74%), linoleic acid (20.99%), γ-linolenic acid (2.26%), alpha-linolenic acid (34.29%) and docosahexaenoic acid (2.79%). It has been found that this plant has a low content of fat-soluble vitamins and phytosterols, with the exception of β-sitosterol (6.43μg/g).

Consumer Behaviour Regarding Food Waste in Romania, Rural versus Urban

Reducing food waste is an important objective in order to raise awareness of the negative effects it produces. The lack of information regarding the efficient use of food will affect the environment and the health of each of us. The objective of the paper is to present the behaviour of Romanian consumers regarding food waste. By means of a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 267 consumers, the following aspects were investigated: the place where they serve meals, the preparation of meals at home, purchase preferences, the motivation for food waste, and selective collection. Consumption typologies identify a higher share of food waste in urban areas and a better use of food in rural areas. The people from rural areas ate more than 50% of their meals at home. The preferred location for procuring food was, by far, the supermarket or hypermarket in both urban and rural environments. Young people throw away more waste than older food consumers. Awareness about food waste is more accentuated in young adults, without a significant correlation to the area of origin.

Feeding practices of children less than two years with stunting in urban and rural Turbo Sub-County, Uasin Gishu

This study sought to find out feeding practices of children less than two years with stunting in urban and rural Turbo Sub-County, Uasin Gishu. Stunting is low height for age with poor brain and physical development. The study used a cross-sectional survey design. The data analysis was by SPSS for windows version 20. Mixed feeding was most practised at 43.5 per cent (n=27). Exclusive breastfeeding was at 40. Continued breastfeeding was at 67.3 per cent and 47.1 per cent at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Cereals, roots and tubers foods were eaten most in urban at 97.2 per cent/n=196 and in rural areas at 94.3 per cent/n=83. There were no differences in consumption of all food groups between urban and rural children except intake of vitamin A-rich foods with a significant difference χ2 (p=0.001). The relationship between place of residence and dietary diversity score showed a significant relationship with a Chi-square value of (χ213.467, p=0.004). In conclusion, infant and young child breastfeeding practices indicated exclusive breastfeeding was below the national average, and mixed feeding was the most practised mode of feeding in children below 6 months. This study recommends that the health ministry, in collaboration with the ministry of agriculture, should promote the growth of a variety of foods in rural areas and promote the use of home-grown foods for complementary feeding.

Perceptions of Caregivers Regarding Malnutrition in Children under Five in Rural Areas, South Africa.

Children under five depend on the caregivers to provide them with nutritious food to combat malnutrition. Several studies have been conducted about malnutrition in children, yet limited attention has been paid to the caregivers. Thus, the study investigated the perceptions of caregivers with regard to non-nutritious foods in rural areas in South Africa. This study explored caregiver's perception regarding non-nutritious food in children below five. This was done in primary health care clinics of Tshilwavhusiku local areas of Makhado Municipality in Vhembe District, South Africa. A qualitative approach was adopted. Nine caregivers were sampled randomly. In-depth individual interviews were conducted, and Tesch's analytical approach was adopted to analyze the data measures to ensure trustworthiness and ethical considerations were adhered to throughout the study. The study revealed that caregivers were lacking knowledge regarding nutritious food to be given to their children and signs of malnutrition were also not known. It is imperative to ensure the improvement of caregivers' knowledge regarding nutritious food and children's nutritional status in order to reduce the malnutrition rate.

Facilitators and Barriers to Farmers’ Market Use in a Rural Area

Farmers’ markets may improve access to healthful foods in rural areas. Our objective was to identify facilitators and barriers to farmers’ market use in a rural county. We collected data via surveys, focus group sessions, and key informant interviews. Study participants identified the two existing farmers’ markets as community assets. Barriers to use farmers’ markets included inconvenient market hours, not accepting nutrition assistance program benefits, limited transportation, and limited variety. Interventions to improve food access should include ways to meet the needs of specific populations such as low-income residents and residents living in outlying areas without farmers’ markets.

Rural Market Food Diversity and Farm Production Diversity: Do They Complement or Substitute Each Other in Contributing to a Farm Household's Dietary Diversity?

Majority of undernourished people live in rural Asia and Africa, and many of them are smallholder farmers and consume a significant amount of what they produce. This is specifically true in India. However, in the context of increasing commercial production systems, it is not well-known how much food is consumed from a particular food group that was purchased, what proportion of food is from the production of farm households, and how their diets change seasonally. Furthermore, whether the rural market food diversity complements or substitutes farm production diversity in household's diets is unknown. We employed a mixed-methods research design to answer these questions. The research was conducted in three villages in Telengana State. The results reveal that crop diversity has significantly declined from a highly-diverse production system to a less diverse one. The Food Consumption Score results show that on average own-farm production contributes 23% of food (mainly starchy staples), while market purchases contribute 77% of calories consumed (from more diverse and nutritious foods). Therefore, in the study, villages' market food diversity is more important, and it is complementary to own-farm production. However, our study shows that mere market access (the most widely used proxy indicator in the literature) does not guarantee the availability of diverse nutritious foods to households who use that specific market. This is because market food diversity varies from market to market and across seasons. Therefore, we proposed that in commercial production systems improving crop diversity, and strengthening rural markets, are needed. Moreover, incentivizing retail business and subsidizing nutritious and/or biofortified food in rural areas must be part of strategies to improve nutrition in rural India.

Profile of fatty acids, vitamins, phytosterols and phenolic acids in Trachystemon orientalis L. and evaluation of their antioxidant activity

The present study focuses on the phytochemical content and antiradical properties of Trachystemon orientalis L., which grows spontaneously and is consumed as food in rural areas of Düzce (from Turkey) province. DPPH, ABTS and OH radical scavenging tests were utilized for identifying the antiradical properties of the extracts of this plant. In addition, the metal chelating potential of this plant was also evaluated. The higher the inhibition % value calculated in these tests, the higher the antioxidant activity was considered and the results were evaluated. T. orientalis the average ABTS radical cleaning test results of extracts prepared in different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and purified water were found to be 93.35%, 91.32%, 94.70%, respectively. The average DPPH radical cleaning test results of the extracts of this plant prepared in different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and purified water were determined as 37.26%, 7.95%, 52.26%, respectively. T. orientalis the OH radical cleaning test results of the extracts of plant prepared from methanol, ethanol and purified water were determined as 60.85%, 61.33%, 24.12%, respectively. In addition, the metal chelation test results of methanol, ethanol and pure water extracts of this plant were found to be 63.57%, 42.04%, 82.64%. It was determined that the highest content of protein (20.93 mgBSA/g), proanthocyanidin (13.76 µg CE/g) and phenolic (3621.03 µg GAE/g) was found in T. orientalis pure water extract. It has been determined that gallic acid (187.67 μg/g), vanillic acid (3.78 μg/g), rosmarinic acid (10.55 μg/g) and hydrocynamic acid (0.78 μg/g) are found in different proportions in T. orientalis plant. It has been observed that T. orientalis is an important source of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, gadoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. It has been established that this plant has a low content of fat-soluble vitamins and phytosterols.

Local Production and Commercialisation of Milk from Holstein Cows in the Grassfields of Cameroon: Contribution to Improving Living Conditions in Rural Areas

The role of livestock farming is no longer to be demonstrated in rural areas. Livestock provide income and facilitate access to food in rural areas. The aim of this article is to analyse the local production and marketing of milk from Holstein cows in the Grassfield (North West and West regions) of Cameroon in order to understand how much Holstein farming contributes to the rural economy. The data was collected using a questionnaire administered to 325 households producing milk from Holstein cows only. These households were selected on the basis of the existence of milk production units in the study area The data were analysed using SPSS version 20 software and Excel. Analyses of the data collected reveal that; the average milk production of cows in Grassfields varies from one lactation stage to another (7.75 liters/ day in the beginning of lactation to 17 liters / day at the end of lactation) with a daily average of 12.83 liters per day. The milk production of Holstein cows in the study areas is higher in Noun division (10 to 20 liters / day) than in Mezam division (5.5 to 14 liters per day). The profit margin generated by large producers is 230,100 CFA francs per month. On the other hand, the small producers have a profit margin of 33,800 CFA francs per month. The chi-square test of independence showed that X² = 5.756 and the probability (sig) = 1.6% which is less than 5%, which implies that the result is significant at 5%. The rotating saving groups contribute to the improvement of incomes. They therefore play a role in financing production. The evaluation of the contribution of rotating saving and credits association in improving the standard of living of households producing Holstein milk has shown that rotating saving association contribute significantly to the financing of the production of milk in production units, the education of children in breeding households. Rotating saving groups facilitate access to household food and healthcare. This economic activity of production and commercialisation of milk from Holstein cows certainly makes it possible to meet the daily needs of households, but it remains an informal activity in view of the production environment. The strong involvement of the public authorities is therefore necessary to make milk production a sector of the economy, although production and marketing activities are currently impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Access to healthy food in urban and rural areas: An empirical analysis

IntroductionHealth problems such as obesity and related illnesses have been attributed to the lack of both spatial and economic access to healthy food. Even though access to healthy food in urban areas has been widely studied, access to healthy food in rural areas has not received much attention to date. Rural residents usually face similar accessibility challenges as urban populations but at a greater magnitude. The lack of access to reliable transportation in rural areas acts as a barrier to accessing healthy food, especially for individuals that might not have access to an automobile. MethodologyThis paper uses a cost-based accessibility measure and estimates spatial econometric models to identify the differences between healthy food accessibility in rural and urban areas considering multiple transportation modes available in those areas. Furthermore, the paper explores the relationship between healthy food accessibility and the characteristics of the built environment that can be used to advise planning decisions and policy. Four study areas in Indiana were selected to demonstrate the study methodology. ResultsBoth the location of healthy food providers and infrastructure that allows access by different modes are spatially clustered. Urban area residents incur a lower average cost to reach healthy food, especially when driving and walking are considered, compared to rural areas. The spatial models' results suggested that built environment characteristics, especially land-use characteristics, influence the cost to reach healthy food providers in urban areas, regardless of the mode. ConclusionsThe solution to facilitate access to healthy food providers is not a one-size-fits-all approach. However, transportation innovations such as mobile markets, ridesharing, drone delivery, and autonomous delivery services can serve to bring closer healthy food to the population that cannot access it by their current means. This paper's methodology involves publicly available data that allow for easy replication by any planning agency.

Empowerment Of Rural Community Based On The Agroindustry Of Local Food

The Agroindustry of local food in rural areas in an activity that can improve indigenous resources. All of local potencies done in rural area, not only to get benefit, but also to increase the role of agroindustry. The development of agroindustry is able to increase local food added value, income and opportunities for employment, and so far to get higher regional economic growth. One of the agroindustry in Kokap District, Kulon Progo is Sumber Rejeki, a group of farmers that produce granulated coconut palm sugar. This group is the pioneer on producing granulated coconut palm sugar. The objective of this paper are to identify indigenous resources based on granulated coconut palm sugar industry; to analyze the role of agroindustry in improving farmers income and job opportunities, and to elaborate the role of farmers group as the centre of institutional improvement. Survey method was used to collect data with qualitative and quantitative data in the area. The result show that Sumber Rejeki farmers group has empowered the rural community by increasing the added value, income and employment opportunities through agroindustry of granulated coconut palm sugar. Key words: Agroindustry, Added Value, Income, Opportunities for Employment, Farmer Group

Eating healthy, eating modern. The “urbanization” of food tastes in communist Poland (1945–1989)

The paper analyses the changes of food behaviours in post-1945 Poland in the context of socialist modernization. It is focused on both discourses and everyday practices. After 1945 Poland was a nearly mono-ethnic rural society which experienced fast modernization, industrialization and urbanization. The communist authorities who promised social justice and universal prosperity faced a problem of painful food shortages. This resulted from the aftermaths of war, and later was a by-product of the socialist economy. Thus, dietary education became an important strategy in the effort to feed the new socialist Poland. Special institutions and agendas were established to modernize eating habits according to the “rational”, “scientific” bases of the communist project of modernization. Up until the late 1970s, expert dietary advice promoted pre-prepared food, canned and frozen products, vegetables and meat consumption. Food columns in women’s magazines, advice books and adverts presented the model of a modern cuisine, which was in the first place healthy, but also urban. Official food policies affected everyday practices and, by the end of the 1970s, experts identified a process of the denaturalization of food in rural areas. This changed during the crisis of the 1980s, when “traditional” recipes came to be appreciated as simple and “natural”. The analysis of expert and popular discourses (women’s magazines, medical literature), as well as of personal narratives (personal diaries, memoirs, letters to the editor) shows the changing meanings of food, and their connections to processes of urbanization and social advancement which were elements of a socialist modernization which was not too different from the western modernity of the time.

Evaluation of Farm Fresh Food Boxes: A Hybrid Alternative Food Network Market Innovation

Using a mixed-methods design, we evaluated Farm Fresh Food Box (F3B) a market innovation designed to expand producer markets, stabilize rural retail businesses, and improve rural food access. In the F3B model, pre-ordered Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)-style produce boxes are sold through rural retail outlets. F3B was implemented from 2016 to 2018 as part of a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-funded multi-state extension and research collaboration project in 3 geographically diverse and rural areas: Vermont, Washington, and California. The F3B evaluation aimed to (1) assess market potential; (2) determine logistics for successful implementation; (3) describe the benefits and drawbacks for farmers and retailers; and (4) measure consumers’ attitudes and purchase behavior. A national market survey indicated consumers would be likely to purchase F3B if it was perceived to offer good value on fresh local produce, without need for a subscription. The model put a few additional labor burdens on farmers and retailers, but required time for relationship-building and more record-keeping time for farmers. Those who purchased a F3B were generally satisfied with the quality, quantity and variety of produce each week and a high proportion considered F3B to be a good value for the money. As a new business innovation, F3B showed only modest profit, but retailers and farmers felt it was worthwhile to expand their customer base, promote their brand and develop their partnership. F3B began a means to address flattened growth in direct to consumer produce sales, food deserts and dwindling retail options for fresh foods in rural areas. We discuss F3B as a potential solution to food system weaknesses exposed by the COIVD-19 pandemic because it offers touch-free, high-quality local produce ready for curbside pickup at a convenient location.

Micro-Grid Solar Photovoltaic Systems for Rural Development and Sustainable Agriculture in Palestine

The objective of this paper is to study the impact of using micro-grid solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in rural areas in the West Bank, Palestine. These systems may have the potential to provide rural electrification and encourage rural development, as PV panels are now becoming more financially attractive due to their falling costs. The implementation of solar PV systems in such areas improves social and communal services, water supply and agriculture, as well as other productive activities. It may also convert these communities into more environmentally sustainable ones. The present paper details two case studies from Palestine and shows the inter-relation between energy, water and food in rural areas to demonstrate how the availability of sustainable energy can ensure water availability, improve agricultural productivity and increase food security. Further, the paper attempts to evaluate the technical and economic impacts of the application of nexus approaches to Palestine’s rural areas. The results of this study are for a real implemented project and predict the long-term success of small, sustainable energy projects in developing rural areas in Palestine.

A review on performance evaluation of solar dryer and its material for drying agricultural products

The drying process is generally carried out by burning wood and fossil fuels. However, this method is expensive and may damage the environment which has an adverse impact on climate. The world is facing the problem of shortage of fossil fuels. Some researchers did historical work on design and development of solar technology which is faster, more efficient, and hygienic and better quality of the product. Several solar dryers reviewed and enlisted the performance of dryers as per application. This paper gives an idea about the recent development in solar dryers. Some solar dryers are equipped with thermal storage to enhance the efficiency and drying rate in off-sunshine hours. To overcome the sunshine irregularity, some solar dryers have come up with solar thermal reservoirs. A comprehensive review on different dryers according to the product has been carried out, which helps in development and redesign of the solar dryer. From this paper, an idea regarding products drying likes chili, turmeric, peanut, grapes, copra and fish are presented. Which type of dryer is suitable and what kind of improvement could be possible in the future is obtained. For performance evaluation of the solar dryer, researchers used parameters like moisture reduction, moisture removal rate and different efficiencies. Solar dryer did not receive commercial utility because of high initial investment, long payback period and intermittent application. The study shows that the solar dryer not only saves fossil fuel for drying but also adds great worth to improve the product quality in terms of taste and color. It also doesn’t have any harmful effect on the environment. Solar dryer is therefore ideal to use for preservation of food in rural areas. This study may help farmers and new researchers for the design new type of solar dryer for products.

Potencijali za razvoj turizma hrane u AP Vojvodini u Republici Srbiji

The aim of the paper work is to present the concept of food tourism with a special emphasis on potentials for its development in the area of AP Vojvodina in the Republic of Serbia. Special attention is given to presentation of local resources (natural, social, etc.) that are suitable for development food tourism. Also, the paper work points out the importance of tourism events that contribute to the popularization of local culinary specialties, i.e. manifestations that take place in honor of food in rural areas, which can and /or already represent the basis for development food tourism. Authors give emphasis in research for possibilities for complementary development different types of tourism based on food which is characteristic for the area of AP Vojvodina and special attention are given on rural tourism development. On that way article showes some guidelines for future development of food tourism in target area. If tourism would be linking with agricultural production, ie. food that is characteristic for the region of AP Vojvodina, a new quality of image of tourist destination would be obtained. Through linking tourism, agriculture, events, food trade, can be start up development of rural areas of AP Vojvodina and it can be one of the possible ways how to slove numerous problems that burdning rural areas of this region nowadays.

Ville vekster til hverdags og fest

This article pertains to the Great Transformation, and its impact on the use of wild plants and herbs for food in rural areas of southern Norway. To shed light on the subject, this article frequently uses the collected answers of relevant questionnaires from Norsk Etnologisk Gransking (NEG). By using some specific examples from the questionnaires, the article attempts to illustrate the impact of the Great Transformation on different villages and societies. This is achieved by comparing the difference between those societies early connected to modern forms of communications, and those more outlying villages and hamlets impacted by the modern world at a much later date. By investigating the usage of a certain set of selected dishes and beverages containing wild herbs and plants, the article can provide concrete examples on how the Great Transformation of Norwegian rural societies impacted their need of and access to certain ingredients.