Food Supply Chain Network Research Articles

Supply chain management analysis of avocado in south Sumatra province through the Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) method

One of the agricultural sub-sectors that occupy a strategic position in agricultural development is the horticultural sub-sector, with one of its potential commodities being avocado. Avocado is one of the export-based commodities, especially in South OKU Regency, South Sumatra Province. This study aims to obtain an overview of the Avocado Agribusiness Supply Chain management in South OKU Regency. The study was conducted in Warkuk Selatan District, South OKU Regency in February 2022. The research method used was a qualitative descriptive method with a type of data using primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method uses the Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) method, which illustrates South Oku Regency's avocado supply chain model. The results showed that the Avocado Management Supply Chain Management model with the FSCN framework consisted of four main components: the supply chain structure, the business chain process, supply chain management, and supply chain resources. Avocado supply chain targets are still dominated to meet the domestic market and products in the form of fresh avocados for consumption. Avocado supply chain management comprises election partners, contractual agreements, transaction systems, government support, and supply chain collaboration. The avocado supply chain structure in South OKU Regency consists of farmers, collecting traders, local and non-local traders, retailers, and consumers with respective roles in the supply chain structure. Business processes in avocado supply chain management consist of procurement, replenishment, and customer order cycles. Based on marketing margin analysis, the lowest total marketing margin is found in channel IV, with a margin value of Rp 1,500 per kg. The four avocado marketing channels in South Warkuk Ranau District have Farmer’s Share ≥40%, so it is categorized as an efficient channel.

PEANUT SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS IN WEST ACEH REGENCY

Peanuts in West Aceh District peanuts are one of the leading commodities of peanut farmers' income. With a harvest area of ​​240.00 hectares and production of 527.00 tons per year. The aim of this research is to analyze the supply chain of peanuts for consumption in West Aceh District. The results of the research using the Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) approach, it can be concluded that the supply chain for peanuts for consumption already has clear targets, the relationship between actors is structured, but has not been managed properly in terms of business processes that have not been integrated in the long term. In peanuts, the seeds of collaboration between actors have been well established in terms of information disclosure, cooperation and integration between supply chain actors. Besides that, business processes run structured with good management. The results of supply chain performance analysis through the farmer's share received by farmers in each channel where the value of the farmer's share in peanuts for channel 1 is 46.88 percent, channel 2 is 45.45 percent and channel 3 is 50.00 percent. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the peanut supply chain for channel 3 is more efficient than the peanut supply chain for channels 1 and channel 2.

Corn Supply Chain in Central Java Province: Marketing Channel Efficiency and Chain Institutional Performance Approach

Increasing corn production requires a supply chain to channel production from farmers to consumers. The supply chain of corn as a raw material for animal feed in Central Java Province is not yet well managed, because each farmer or business is still carried out individually. The aim of the study was to analyze the supply chain picture based on the Food Supply Chain Network and the efficiency of the corn agribusiness supply chain in Central Java. Sampling techniques from farmers using proportional random sampling and snowball sampling methods will lead researchers to the next informant or to related institutions to the final consumer. Data analysis uses the FSCN, Marketing Margin, Farmer's Share and DEA methods. There are 5 corn agribusiness marketing channels in Central Java Province. Marketing margin and farmer's share with Farmer-Cooperative-Consumer chain being the most efficient. Farmer-Village Trader-SubDistrict Trader-District Trader-Consumer marketing channel being the least efficient. Technical efficiency at the farmer level was 2%, at the village trader level 40%, at the subdistrict and district trader levels 37.5%, at the cooperative level 66.67%, at the animal feed company level 40% and at the poultry farmer level 25%.

Teenagers’ Intention on Sustainable Development- A Food Delivery App – Based Analysis

Digitization in the food supply chain to address concerns such as food waste being the indirect goal triggered towards zero hunger by having food for all. To achieve environmental sustainability and utility development, food supply chain procedures must be digitalized. As a result, the study examined sustainable issues that need to be addressed and identified the role of technology in the food supply chain network to reduce food waste. The study is addressing the role of technology in the food supply chain network from the production to the consumption phase. This study is identifying the inclination of teenagers towards environmental sustainability which will give a roadmap for online food applications in India as India is a youth-oriented country with 1.2 billion in number. The study is based on quantitative analysis of the data collected from teenagers (13-19 years) through questionnaires and analysis with the software SPSS 22 and Minitab. The study is having correlation design to investigate the relationship between technology and environmental sustainability in the supply chain network of online food service providers to reduce food waste.

ANALISIS KONDISI RANTAI PASOK KOMODITAS KENTANG (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) DI KABUPATEN BREBES

<em>The potato is one of the vegetables comodities in Brebes Regency. The last three years, there has been a decline in production. Supply chain that has been implemented is deemed not optimal while the region has potential that can be exploited. The purpose of this study was to determine supply chain of the potato in Brebes Regency.The analytical method uses a Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN). The result showed that conditions based on the aspects of the target, structure, management, resources, and supply chain business processes. Target potatoes are sold to the local Brebes market and outside the region. There are four supply chain structure.It members are farmers, middlemen, wholesalers, small traders, retailers, and consumers. Supply chain management related to partner selection, contractual agreements, transaction systems, government support, and supply chain collaboration. The criteria for selecting partners are bidders with high prices, customers, and middlemen who are bound to provide capital loans to farmers. Transaction system through grace and cash system. The government support also contributes to the sustainability of it. Resources owned by members of the supply chain consist of physical, technology, and capital resources. Business processes can be seen from distribution patterns, support chain members, risk and trust building. Distribution patterns flow products, finance, and information from farmers to consumers, and vice versa. Each member of the potato supply chain requires equipment and input in the form of raw materials in the production process. Each member has different risks in the supply chain business process.</em>

Valuation of inter-boundary inefficiencies accounting IoT based monitoring system in processed food supply chain

Nowadays, demand for processed food items is escalating towards the record consumption volume, which resulted in the surging of the Food Supply Chain (FSCs) network. But, the flow of the commodities through the various channels of the FSC is hampered by the various inefficiencies, which persist due to a lack of monitoring. This results in the widening of the gap between the supply and demand patterns allied with it. To tackle the same, and cater to the upwelling shares of the consumer demand, the dynamics of the Food Supply Chain Performance System (FSCPS) need to be tuned with the avenues of Industry 4.0 practices. Presented work clusters the various attributes of the inefficiencies, which hampers the processed FSCs dynamics and maintenance-related activities, elaborated by their sub-attributes based upon their events of occurrences. A model comprising the various attributes and sub-attributes of inefficiencies constrained outside the organizational boundaries of a firm’s FSC is rendered in this study. For effective handling of the mutual interdependencies persisting between the attributes, the methodology of the Graph Theory and Matrix Approach (GTMA) is exercised for the analysis of the developed model. Outcomes of the presented work felicitate the managers of industries, its allied corporates and numerous stakeholders of the FSC to ground a robust decisional framework, governing policies and managing the process permutations.

Business Process of Red Chili Supply Chain Based on Food Supply Chain Network in Yogyakarta Indonesia

Red chili is one of the horticultural crops that has a selling value for farmers. However, the distribution system is an inhibiting factor in farmers’ income. This study aims to analyze the red chili supply chain and business process from the production center in Yogyakarta to consumers in Jakarta, Indonesia. Kulon Progo Regency served as the study’s primary location. The sampling for this study was conducted in stages. A total of 80 farmers were selected purposively as the sample. From farmers to consumers in Jakarta, 67 supply chain actors were gathered using snowball sampling. The Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) model was employed to structure the data analysis. According to the findings, eight actors and three distinct chains were involved in the red chili supply chain. The product and money flow across the three chains ran smoothly; however, the information flow did not. Both three-cycle and push or pull views made up the business process relationship, with all three chains being in the same state. Nine supporting actors were involved in the red chili supply chain, and several agencies and educational institutions performed collaborative studies. The chain actors were exposed to six risks, and no brands were associated with the distributed products. The contract did not formally bind cooperation along the supply chain.

Shallot supply chain with food supply chain networks approach in Pontianak

In order to stabilize the supply and price of shallots in Indonesia, a production development program was held outside Java. Pontianak City is one of the areas for the development of shallot production in West Kalimantan. The level of demand for Pontianak City increases every year. This indicates an increase in consumption per capita. The problem of shallots in Pontianak is the high price fluctuations. This does not only occur at the consumer level, but also at the producer level. The method used was descriptive qualitative to analyze the shallot supply chain with framework FSCN, while descriptive quantitative for measuring supply chain performance with an operational efficiency and price efficiency. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The results showed that shallots already have a clear target market and the chain structure consists of 2 marketing channels. Supply chain actors consist of farmers, collectors, distributors, agents and retailers. The contractual agreements that occur are informal and the relationship between the actors is well structured. Supply chain performance shows marketing channels 1 and 2 have not been efficient and prices have not been transmitted properly.

Integrated supplier selection, scheduling, and routing problem for perishable product supply chain: A distributionally robust approach

Due to the global outbreak of COVID-19, the perishable product supply chains have been impacted in different ways, and consequently, the risks of food insecurity have been increased in many affected countries. The uncertainty in supply and demand of perishable products, are among the most influential factors impacting the supply chain networks. Accordingly, the provision and distribution of food and other perishable commodities have become much more important than in the past. In this study, a bi-objective optimization model is proposed for a three-echelon perishable food supply chain (PFSC) network with multiple products to formulate an integrated supplier selection, production scheduling, and vehicle routing problem. The proposed model aims to mitigate the risks of demand and supply uncertainties and reinforce the distribution-related decisions by simultaneously optimizing the total network costs and suppliers’ reliability. Using the distributionally robust modeling paradigm, the probability distribution of uncertain demand is assumed to belong to an ambiguity set with given moment information. Accordingly, distributionally robust chance-constrained approach is applied to ensure that the demands of retailers and capacity of vehicles are satisfied with high probability. Leveraging duality and linearization techniques, the proposed model is reformulated as a mixed-integer linear program. Then, the weighted goal programming approach is adopted to address the multi-objectiveness of the proposed optimization model. To certify the performance and applicability of the model, a real-world case study in the poultry industry is investigated. Finally, the sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the impacts of influential parameters on the objective functions and optimal decisions, and then some managerial insights are provided based on the obtained results.

A framework for IoT and blockchain based smart food chain management system

SummaryThe worldwide food supply chain network firms have embraced digitalization and have changed customers' everyday lives in serval viewpoints. This work proposes a framework for IoT and Blockchain based smart Food Chain Management System (IBFS) aiming to regulate the food inventory systems in an organization focusing on the safety and nature of the items conveyed to the end consumers. The proposed IBFS framework is an IoT‐based blockchain with smart contract architecture for trust, reliability, and transparency. A Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) broker or server is deployed on the broadcast to record all data collected from the IoT sensors. The data provided by IoT‐sensors or devices is pooled and gathered by MQTT based cloud brokers and the shipment's geolocation, movement, and temperature are logged. The work uses two types of smart contracts based on Ethereum‐based blockchain technology (BCT) environment as the operational backbone written in the Solidity language. The first smart contract deals with custody and the second smart contract deals with shipment or transportation to track the produce. The food supply chain process evaluates the collected data from the IoT sensors managed with the help of blockchain and MQTT servers. The quality of food is measured by evaluating by temperature and humidity function, transition time, final item and for validation of smart contracts. Performance evaluation of IBFS in terms of Gas cost under various test conditions prove the effectiveness of the work.

Metaheuristic algorithms for a sustainable agri-food supply chain considering marketing practices under uncertainty

In recent decades, the rapid growth of the global population has caused a significant increase in agricultural and food product demands. Thereby, the production of various items in the agricultural food supply chain network has increased to diminish food security concerns. On the other hand, the excessive production of products has led to various issues, such as greenhouse gas emissions and increased water consumption in farmlands, followed by supply chain-related challenges affecting the intermediaries in the next network levels. In this study, an agricultural food supply chain network under marketing practices is firstly probed by developing a stochastic multi-objective programming model to effectively improve three main pillars of sustainability. A convex robust optimization approach addresses the uncertainty of the farm production capacity and the saffron demands in the supply network. The effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model is certified by a case study on saffron business using the LP-metric method. A metaheuristic-oriented methodology comprising a modified Keshtel Algorithm is adapted to deal with the NP-hardness of the problems. The performance of the proposed solution methods is evaluated by two strategies, a statistical comparison and a supportive tool developed based on multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. The results validate the capability of the applied algorithms to solve the problem in different dimensions. Moreover, the MCDM method approves that MOKASEO outclassed in small, medium, and large-sized problems compared to other algorithms.

An optimal decision for the fresh food supply chain network under omnichannel context

ABSTRACT Despite the significant attention to the customer experience which is a critical factor to help firms gain a competitive edge, there has been limited research regarding how to offer a superior customer experience in an omnichannel retailing environment through designing a fresh food supply chain network (FSCN). This paper develops a customised bi-level programming model for a capital constraint FSCN to reflect the interdependent relationship between two independent parties - the Omnichannel retailing company and customers with heterogeneous consumption requirements under time-varying overall demand uncertainty. A two-stage algorithm is applied to solve the optimisation problem, and a case study concerned with the establishment of FSCN is used to illustrate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed model and approach. The results obtained indicate the economic benefits of having a model that combines with a customer segmentation strategy. Both the operational efficiency of FSCN and the satisfaction level of customer experience are effectively improved.

Robust optimization of sustainable food supply chain network considering food waste valorization and supply uncertainty

Increasing pressure from customer expectations to government regulation for sustainable food products warrants research in the sustainable food supply chain (FSC). One-third of the food produced is wasted, despite the potential to valorize food wastes. Additionally, the uncertainty associated with the supply of food products has a significant impact on the FSC decisions, steering the need for robust and sustainable models. Lastly, the issue of food perishability is missing in most optimization models. In line with the gaps identified, this study presents an integrated robust multi-objective optimization model for designing the FSC network considering all three dimensions of sustainability (economic, social and environment), whilst including FSC perishability, food waste valorization and supply uncertainty simultaneously. The proposed model is applied to a real-time case of the Indian mango pulp supply chain and yields several insights for transforming the FSC towards sustainability. This study shows the impact of focusing only on one dimension of sustainability on the other dimensions and the trade-offs among sustainability dimensions which would help the decision-maker select an appropriate non-dominated solution that aligns with the organization's sustainability goals.

Sustainable Agro-Food Supply Chain in E-Commerce: Towards the Circular Economy

The continuous decline in the sustainable agro-food supply chain (AFSC) towards a Circular Economy (CE) has become a matter of great concern for the key stakeholders, including government organizations, businesses, end-users, and farmers. In line with this, the main purpose of this study is to develop a sustainable food Supply Chain Network (SCN). The SCN enables the collection of agro-food grains from different farmers’ locations and delivers the same to food processing units. To design an efficient and effective sustainable pickup and delivery network, a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) mathematical model is formulated. The proposed model achieves the sustainability goal by minimizing the collection costs. The developed MINLP model is solved by using an exact optimization approach in LINGO 18 software. Further, to test the efficacy of the developed model, various computational experiments are performed, varying from small to large size data. The results of these experiments reflect that our model can support businesses in designing an efficient and effective sustainable pickup and delivery network. Lastly, it has been shown that innovative packaging materials can help to minimize the wastage of food.

Optimization Based Modeling for the Food Supply Chain's Resilience to Outbreaks

Scant research focuses on the resiliency of food supply chain networks to outbreaks, despite the estimated 600 million global foodborne illnesses annually. Outbreaks that cross country, state and provincial lines are virulent due to the number of people they can affect and difficulty controlling them. Research is needed on food supply chain networks, which are not well-characterized in relation to foodborne illnesses or generally. This paper introduces the United States Food, Energy, and State Transportation (US-FEAST) model and demonstrates its applicability via analysis of a hypothetical demand shock resulting from multistate food contamination. US-FEAST is an optimization-based model across all fifty states with yearly timesteps to 2030. It is a framework integrating food system data from multiple individual data sources. To calibrate, we develop a bilevel optimization routine to generate synthetic, state-level data and provide estimates of otherwise unavailable data at the intersections of the food and transportation systems. The results of US-FEAST elucidate potential heterogenous state-level variations in response, regional changes in food flows, vulnerabilities in the supply chain, and implications for food system resilience. While the generated data and scenarios are not empirical evidence, they provide insights to aid in planning by projecting outcomes and intervention effects. Our results estimate a 23% beef production decrease and 4% price decrease provide a road map toward data needs for quantifying food system resilience to foodborne illness. US-FEAST and its framework may have global utility for studying food safety in national and international food supply chain networks.

Impact of Traceability Technology Adoption in Food Supply Chain Networks

Improving traceability in food supply chains has been a big part of ongoing effort to reduce contamination risks and food waste. Recent technology advancement such as blockchain technology has propelled innovative retailers to promote food traceability system adoption in their supply chains. We develop a three-tier supply chain model with multiple upstream (tier 2) suppliers to investigate how traceability technology adoption affects incentives of supply chain members and whether and how its anticipated benefits can be realized. We find that full traceability brings direct revenue benefit to every supply chain member by saving uncontaminated food from disposal (pure traceability effect) but also leaves each tier of the supply chain vulnerable to its immediate downstream buyer’s exploitation through strategically lowering the purchasing price (strategic pricing effect). The interplay of the two effects may result in some of the supply chain members (even the retailer) being worse off with traceability adoption and the system being exposed to higher contamination risk; the latter is because of the weakened upstream supplier’s incentive to exert contamination risk-reduction effort. Moreover, we find that the supply chain network structure also influences the benefit distribution of traceability adoption: The retailer always benefits from traceability adoption in network structures where the tier 1 supplier’s strategic pricing power is eliminated or weakened; all supply chain members benefit from traceability adoption in a network with a large number of tier 2 suppliers. Finally, we show that alternative risk-mitigation schemes such as tier 2 coordination can diminish the value of traceability adoption, and partial traceability enabled by tier 1 product inspection can be more beneficial to the retailer than full traceability. This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez-de-Albéniz, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4440 .

A circular food supply chain network model to reduce food waste

A circular food supply chain network model to reduce food waste

Big Data Analytics in Agriculture

This paper discusses agricultural difficulties as well as the strategies utilized to apply the offered remedies. Re- search and incremental growth with the use of data analytics are the only ways forward for any industry nowadays.By Using data analytics in agricultural sector we can analyze the historical data and take out the useful information which helps enhance agricultural patterns and save resources.Big Data will result in severe modifications mostly in roles and power relationships among various parties in today’s industrial food supply chain networks. Using Big data techniques the farmers have increased revenue and decreased the wastage and chances of loss. Today, this can be seen in a variety of agricultural fields. In this work, we present feasible solutions and minor improvements to the publications previously reviewed. Today’s agricultural industry is flourishing, and after the green revolution, it’s past time to make the necessary modifications and delve further into the subject’s nuances. Index Terms— IoT, Big Data analytics, Agriculture, Smart Farming, Precision Agriculture.

Pandemic outbreaks and food supply chains in developing countries: A case of COVID-19 in Zimbabwe

The COVID-19 pandemic took a devastating human and economic toll on the entire globe. Although Africa had fewer number of cases compared to all other continents, the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on food supply chains was devastating, yet the pathways through which it affected the continent remain poorly documented and understood. With this background in mind, this study explored the ways in which food supply chains were disrupted by COVID-19 in Zimbabwe. The study used a qualitative methodology and a descriptive survey with 32 participants from food supply chain networks. The results reveal that due to COVID-19 restrictions, food supply chains were disrupted right from the production stage, transportation stage up to access markets. More specifically, COVID-19 restrictions negatively affected production and supply of food items. Secondly, transportation of food supplies was adversely affected as haulage companies as well as local suppliers and importers had challenges getting lockdown exemption letters. Thirdly, COVID-19 restrictions increased the demand for food stuffs as consumers stockpiled to ensure their food security. Lastly, COVID-19 pandemic increased food prices as consumer expenditure on food items increased. This study contributes to the body of knowledge since, to the best knowledge of the authors, it is the first study to identify and address the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on food supply chains in Zimbabwe. This study is also significant to policy makers and practitioners in the optimization of food supply chains in possible subsequent waves and future pandemics.

Economic and environmental optimization of packaging containers choice in Food Catering Supply Chain

Disposable containers are widely employed throughout food supply chains (FSCs) to transport, sell, or store perishable products. These containers are made of several materials, like plastic and cardboard. Albeit the widespread use of such containers, not all the materials are suitable for food contact, and a barrier layer between perishable products and the container is needed. Moreover, a high percentage of waste along the FSC consists of primary and secondary packages. Food Catering Supply Chain (FCSC), made of multi-stage logistic networks, represents a challenging scenario for minimizing packaging disposal. Chosen for reducing waste, reusable plastic containers (RPCs) are gaining ground within the food supply chain network. We propose a multi-objective optimization model to improve the business as usual (BAU) of FCSC, quantifying saving in terms of cost and environmental impact due to the employment of RPCs. The model virtualizes the logistic and operational costs as well as the transportation and disposal impact of reusable and recyclable plastic containers. This paper evaluates the use of RPCs by comparing the performances of as-is and to-be scenarios derived from an industrial case study. The analyzed network comprises perishable product suppliers, RPC poolers, cross-docking facilities, customers, and collectors. The results show the reduction of environmental impacts and logistic, handling, and operational costs in the proposed FCSC topology. A new network configuration and insights for future research investigations are presented