Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire Research Articles

Frequent consumption of industrialized food and its perception among overweight and obese indigenous Mayan adolescents

The scope of this paper was to identify what kind and which type of modern industrialized foods that overweight and obese adolescents consume and the perception they have of them. The study was of the qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and interpretative type and was conducted with adolescent students from four high schools in the municipality of Abalá, Yucatán, Mexico. It consisted of three stages, the first of which involved recording anthropometric measurements of 292 high school students to obtain their Body Mass Index. In the second stage, 58 students who were overweight and obese were randomly selected and a food consumption frequency questionnaire was applied. In the third stage, four focus groups were held to ascertain the perception with respect to food consumption. A high intake of modern industrialized foods was observed at breakfast, school break and dinner, though traditional dishes are still consumed at mealtimes. The conclusion drawn is that there is a transculturation of food among adolescents.

Relationship of the Nutrition State with the Healthy Eating Index in University Students

Abstract Objectives Evaluate the state of nutrition and the Healthy Eating Index in university students. Methods The study was analytical cross-section. The sample was made up of first-semester university students with a degree in Medicine and Nutrition, from the Autonomous University of Baja California in the period October 2017 to August 2019. Once the study sample was collected, the anthropometric and dietary assessment was carried out using a food consumption frequency questionnaire, which was considered to estimate the Healthy Food Index. Results The sample was 353 students (43% of men, 57% women) with an average age of 18.77 ± 1.83. According to the Body Mass Index, it corresponded to 9% underweight, 55% normal weight, 36% overweight/obese. The 62% of respondents showed a food pattern that “needs changes”, 36% “unhealthy” and 2% healthy. Similar results according to nutritional status. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high. The results of the Healthy Eating Index indicate that the majority need healthy changes in their diet. Funding Sources Programa para el Desarrollo Profesional Docente.

Implementation of the Nutritional Health Promotion Center in University Students of the Faculty of Mexicali Medicine

Abstract Objectives To implement the Nutritional Health Promotion Center (CEPSAN) in the population student of the Mexicali medical school during 2019. Methods Descriptive study. It was performed in university students and external volunteers, both sexes; each participant had a nutritional medical history; anthropometric measurement, estimation of the Body Mass Index and analysis of body composition by electrical bioimpedance in ioi 353 equipment; total energy expenditure was determined and an individualized food plan was provided, a challenge system based on the health recommendations of the World Health Organization 2012 was established, food consumption frequency questionnaire (one week) was applied. The results were coded and captured in The Food Processor ESHA version 2016 to estimate nutrients, the protocol was repeated every 15 days. Results Nutritional consultations were carried out with initial medical assessment to a total of n = 84 participants, 50% (n = 42) were university students and the other 50% were external volunteers. 52% of university students were normal weight, while 34% overweight, 12% obese and 2% underweight. 71% of external volunteers were overweight and obese. The average energy consumption in university students was 3000 kcal per day, a guideline to indicate an adequate consumption in quality and quantity during nutritional counseling. The average waist-to-hip index value in university women was 0.82 and in men 0.93, both below the risk point. In external volunteers, the waist-to-hip index was 0.87 and 0.95, women and men, respectively. Conclusions In the first stage of CEPSAN, it was possible to standardize the general care procedure, the timely identification of health risk in patients and the promotion of nutritional health through individualized meal plans. Funding Sources Programa para el Desarrollo Profesional Docente, 2019. UABC-PTC-775.

Validation of a food consumer frequency questionnaire for pregnant women in primary Health Care Units

Introduction: The Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FCFQ) is a tool for assessing food consumption. However, to be used in pregnant women, it must be submitted to validation. The food consumption of pregnant women can impact on maternal and child health, becoming a public health issue. The questionnaire applied during pregnancy can create parameters for better prenatal care.
 Objective: To validate a FCFQ for pregnant women attended at primary health care units.
 Methods: The Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire and two 24-hour recall were applied to 155 pregnant women from the municipality of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The questionnaire results were contrasted with the average of the two 24- hour recall using the chi-square test. The mean of the differences were estimated by limits of agreement. Pearson's correlation test and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient as well were used. Food consumption medians and quartiles were calculated.
 Results: The value of estimate energy consumption and most nutrients was higher by the questionnaire. The concordance between the methods in the classification in quartiles of consumption was variable, being similar for 26.11% and opposite for 12.1%. After adjusting for energy, the correlation coefficient ranged from -0.144 (carbohydrate) to 0.337 (potassium). The questionnaire estimated values were approximately 1.94 higher than the 24 hour recall, corresponding to 20% higher for almost all nutrients.
 Conclusion: The FCFQ showed to be a good instrument to be considered clinically as well as for research purposes in Brazilian pregnant women, this tool measures appropriately food intake which is fundamental for establishing health conditions during pregnancy, helping to assess the association between diet, nutrition and health..

Gingival Health Related to Intake of Different Types of Foods and Body Mass Index in 12-year-old Schoolchildren

Research on gingival health of 12-year-old schoolchildren in Costa Rica is scarce. Since nutrition is an integral component of oral health, this study aimed to determine gingival status of 12-year-olds at Carmen Lyra Public School, San José, Costa Rica, and correlate these variables with the frequency of intake of different types of food and body mass index (BMI (kg/m2)). Sixty-two 12-year-old schoolchildren were recruited. A periodontist assessed Plaque Index (Silness and Löe,1964), presence of calculus, and Gingival Index (Löe and Silness, 1967). Gingivitis was defined as the presence of bleeding on probing (BOP) on at least one site, and the extent was classified according to the percentage of teeth whose gingiva presented BOP limited: 25-49% of teeth tested; extensive >50% of teeth tested. A semi-quantified food consumption frequency questionnaire was administered. BMI was calculated for each participant. Overall Plaque Index was 1.18. Calculus was present on 40.40% of the sample, 19.4% had supragingival calculus and 21% had either supragingival/subgingival calculus or both. Presence of calculus was related with number of bleeding surfaces (p=0.030). Number of teeth with calculus was related to bleeding(p=0.029), and number of bleeding surfaces (p=0.009). Gingival Index was 0.97, mild gingivitis. Gingivitis was present on 96.8% of children examined. Limited gingivitis was present in 11.5% of children and extensive gingivitis in 88.5%. None of the variables measured differed by gender. No relationships were found between the consumption of starchy foods, animal and vegetable protein sources, fruit, vegetables, fast foods, sugar sweetened beverages and desserts with Plaque Index, calculus, Gingival Index, and BOP. Teeth calculus was related with being overweight (chi-square=0.038). BMI for males was 20.21 and females 20.11. BMI was not related to BOP or calculus. Within the limitations of this pilot study, we concluded the prevalence of gingivitis and calculus is high in the sample examined. A greater sample is needed to determine correlations between the frequency of foods evaluated and gingival health.

Relationship between the nutritional status and food consumption inside the school in adolescents of Mexico City

AbstractThere is a concern that the bad habits and lifestyles of adolescents such as the consumption of foods rich in sugars and fats in free moments, like school recess acts as a factor that intervenes in the increase of weight. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the nutritional status and the food consumption inside the school in adolescents of Mexico City. A sample of 1457 first-grade adolescents from high schools was obtained. A food consumption frequency questionnaire was applied inside the school. Likewise, anthropometric measures were taken and through the use of Who Anthro Plus program, the nutritional status diagnosis was obtained. The obtained data was analyzed with the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics® version 20.0 for Windows. It was found that adolescents who frequently consume sweets, snacks, flavored waters, bottled juices, confectionery products and ice cream have a higher prevalence of obesity (15.2%, 17.4%, 21.4%, 17.7%, 16.2% and 19.9%, respectively), compared to adolescents who never consume these products (11.6%, 12.6%, 11.9%, 10.5%, 14.6%, and 12.1%, respectively). Likewise, it was found that adolescents who frequently consume fruit, water, yogurt, vegetables and milk have a lower prevalence of obesity (10.2%, 12.2%, 10.3%, 10.1% and 9.35, respectively) in comparison with adolescents who never consume these foods during school hours (19.1%, 18.6%, 17.8%, 15.9% and 16.3%, respectively), finding a highly significant difference (p < 0.01) in the consumption of flavored water, fruit, natural water and yogurt. It was found that the food consumed during school hours has an impact on the nutritional status of adolescents, similar to the results found in the literature, so it is suggested to promote healthy habits and lifestyles at school and at home so that adolescents opt for healthy snack choices.

CALCIUM CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENT FOOTBALL PLAYERS LINKED TO THE NEW ASUNTION STAR CLUB DURING THE APRIL MONTH OF 2018.

The growing participation of young people in football is a motivation for coaches, physical trainers and parents to know what are the special requirements to practice this sport safely, especially nutritional requirements. During childhood and adolescence, a balance is sought between nutritional status, exercise and physical growth. The food must meet the energy and nutrient requirements to enhance physical growth and maturation, physical activity, academic performance and maintain a reserve to meet the needs of the pubertal growth or strain. Calcium is an essential mineral for bone strengthening, especially in the pubertal stage, so it is imperative to ensure its proper consumption with the diet. Hypocalcaemia is uncommon in healthy children and adolescents, and the primary need for dietary calcium is to ensure bone growth and health. Objectives To assess the average calcium consumption of dairy sources in adolescent soccer players linked to the New Star Club of the city of Asuncion in April 2018. Materials and methods The study had a non-experimental design, with a quantitative approach, descriptive scope and cross section in which 37 teenage soccer players who attended the New Star Club participated. The instrument to collect the data was a research file designed for this purpose, which included personal data of the subjects of study, and the Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire, which is one of the most used methods in food history, taking As an advantage the simple and cheap. Results The average calcium value of dairy sources consumed by adolescents in the sample was 614 ± 209 mg / day, less than half of the required value of 1300 mg / day. Daily calcium consumption from dairy sources reflects a wide difference between 78% of inadequate or insufficient consumption compared to only 22% of adequate consumption. Discussion Coinciding with Barranco, Gisela Ivon, who found that 106 child soccer players in the 1999 category between 10 and 11 years old had an average calcium intake of 813.03 ± 347.48, with 1495 mg being the highest value consumed. Conclusion 78% of adolescents have inadequate or insufficient calcium intake. These data reveal the importance of promoting a nutritional education in schools, colleges and sports venues thus avoiding the risks involved in sports with poor nutrition.

Personality characteristics, eating habits and nutritional diagnosis. Study in adolescents with overweight and obesity in Monteros, Argentina

To identify the relationships between the characteristics of the persona-lity, eating habits and the nutritional diagnosis of school-age adolescents of Monteros, Tucumán, Argentina. A quantitative, cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 172 adolescents (average age = 13,57 ± 1,074). Individual measurements of weight and height were taken to calculate the body mass index and divided into two groups: clinical (overweight / obese) and control (normal weight). Moreover, a personality questionnaire was applied to them, and a food consumption frequency questionnaire adapted for the present study. 41.9% of adolescents were overweight, obese and morbidly obese. The frequency of food consumption and eating habits are adequate in both groups, while phy-sical activity and lifestyle was little adequate in the control group and adequate in the clinical group. Significant associations were found between personality traits, eating habits and physical activity-lifestyle, while the relationship between personality and nutritional diagnosis and the frequency of food consumption could not be verified. The results showed an increase in overweight/obesity compared to previous local studies and the correlation between personality traits, eating habits and physical activity-lifestyle.

Cross-national differences in child food neophobia: A comparison of five European countries

Food neophobia (FN) has been extensively explored, especially in children. However, very few studies have compared this food behavior in children from different countries. Considering the clear diversity between European countries in feeding practices and food consumption, it is important to deepen the understanding of cross-national differences in child FN. The aim of this study was to explore and compare FN in five European countries (Finland, Italy, Spain, Sweden and UK) using a food neophobia scale specifically designed for children. Five hundred and twenty-nine children (54% girls) aged 9–12 years were recruited from schools in each country and were asked to complete the Italian Child Food Neophobia Scale (ICFNS, Laureati, Bergamaschi et al., 2015), which was translated into each respective language. Parents (n ≈ 300) completed a food consumption frequency questionnaire for their child, and provided background information. Reliability of the tool was assessed through internal consistency and temporal stability. Total internal consistency was 0.76. When calculated by country, internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach’s alpha >0.70) for all countries. FN was negatively associated to fruit and vegetable consumption, liking of wholegrain biscuits, and timing of introduction of semi-solid food. There were small but significant cross-national differences in FN with British and Swedish children being the most neophobic and significantly higher in FN than Finnish children, who were the most neophilic. Results indicate that the tool can be successfully used in all the tested countries with children in the age range of 9–12 years. The tool can be useful to measure the effects of interventions aiming at changing food behaviors, such as reducing FN, among children.

Differences in Consumption of Flavonoid Phytochemicals toward Total Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol Levels in Dyslipidemia and Non-Dyslipidemia Groups of Minangkabau Ethnic Women

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Prevalance of dyslipidemia in Indonesia is still high, which is related to lifestyles such as unhealthy diet. Flovonoids are one type of phytochemical that is abundant in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and flavors that have a preventive effect on degenerative diseases. Purpose: To determine differences in flavonoid phytochemical consumption of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in dyslipidemia and non-dyslipidemia groups of Minangkabau ethnic women. Method: The study design was comparative cross-sectional, examination of lipid levels of TC and LDL-C was carried out to determine dyslipidemia status. Subjects consisted of 72 women with dyslipidemia and 74 women with non-dyslipidemia. Interviews on food consumption used a food consumption frequency questionnaire (semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire). Results: The mean TC and LDL-C were higher in the dyslipidemia group, there was an inverse correlation between flavan 3-ols, flavones, flavonols, antocyanidins and isoflavones with TC and LDL-C. There were significant differences in flavonols and antocyanidin consumptions among the dyslipidemia and nondyslipidemia groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The flavonoid consumption can improve dyslipidemia status (TC and LDL-C).

Implementation of a New Food Picture Database in the Context of fMRI and Visual Cognitive Food-Choice Task in Healthy Volunteers

This pilot study aimed at implementing a new food picture database in the context of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) cognitive food-choice task, with an internal conflict or not, in healthy normal-weight adults. The database contains 170 photographs including starters, main courses, and desserts; it presents a broad-spectrum of energy content and is provided with portion weight and nutritional information. It was tested in 16 participants who evaluated the energy density and gave a liking score for all food pictures via numerical scales. First, volunteers were segregated into two groups according to their eating habits according to a food consumption frequency questionnaire (FCFQ) to assess whether the database might elicit different appreciations according to individual eating habits. Second, participants underwent fMRI cognitive food-choice task (van der Laan et al., 2014), using our picture database, in which they had to choose between high-energy (HE) and low-energy (LE) foods, under a similar liking (SL, foods with similar hedonic appraisals) condition or a different liking (DL, foods with different hedonic appraisals) condition. Participants evaluated correctly the caloric content of dishes (from r = 0.72 to r = 0.79, P < 0.001), confirming a good perception of the caloric discrepancies between food pictures. Two subgroups based on FCFQ followed by a principal component analysis (PCA) and a hierarchical ascendant classification (HAC) were defined, that is, Prudent-type (PTc, N = 9) versus Western-type (WTc, N = 7) consumers, where the WTc group showed higher consumption of HE palatable foods than PTc (P < 0.05). The WTc group showed a higher correlation between liking and caloric evaluation of the food pictures as compared to PTc (r = 0.77 and r = 0.36, respectively, P < 0.001), confirming that food pictures elicited variable responses according to contrasted individual eating habits. The fMRI analyses showed that the DL condition elicited the activation of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), involved in internal conflict monitoring, whereas SL condition did not, and that LE food choice involved high-level cognitive processes with higher activation of the hippocampus (HPC) and fusiform gyrus compared to HE food choice. Overall, this pilot study validated the use of the food picture database and fMRI-based procedure assessing decision-making processing during a food choice cognitive task with and without internal conflict.

Dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in brazilian adults: a population-based cross-sectional study - ERRATUM.

Objective:Dietary patterns have been pointed out as useful diet quality indicators, but evidence about their relationship to metabolic phenotypes is still scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults.Design:Cross-sectional study. A food consumption frequency questionnaire assessed food consumption profiles. Metabolic phenotypes were defined based on the criteria of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: overweight or normal weight and metabolically healthy (MHOW and MHNW) or unhealthy (MUOW and MUNW). Dietary patterns were established through exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. The associations were tested using multinomial logistic regression.Setting:Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Participants:Individuals (n 896) aged 20–59 years of both sexes, selected using probabilistic sampling.Results:Three dietary patterns were identified: Unhealthy pattern (alcoholic beverages, oils and fats, condiments, soda and juice, sugars and sweets, snacks, and meat and derivatives), Traditional pattern (culinary preparations, beans, milk and dairy products, and coffee and tea) and Healthy pattern (vegetables and fruits, whole grains, chicken and fish, and skimmed milk). Unhealthy pattern was positively associated with the MHOW and MUOW phenotypes in the fourth quartile (OR = 1·84; 95 % CI 1·06, 3·22) and in the third (OR = 1·94; 95 % CI 1·11, 3·39) and fourth (OR = 2·56; 95 % CI 1·41, 4·64) quartiles of consumption, respectively. Healthy pattern was also associated with these phenotypes.Conclusions:Both the pattern comprising energy-dense foods and the healthier pattern were associated with overweight phenotypes among Brazilian adults.

Dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Dietary patterns have been pointed out as useful diet quality indicators, but evidence about their relationship to metabolic phenotypes is still scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults. Cross-sectional study. A food consumption frequency questionnaire assessed food consumption profiles. Metabolic phenotypes were defined based on the criteria of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: overweight or normal weight and metabolically healthy (MHOW and MHNW) or unhealthy (MUOW and MUNW). Dietary patterns were established through exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. The associations were tested using multinomial logistic regression. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Individuals (n896) aged 20-59 years of both sexes, selected using probabilistic sampling. Three dietary patterns were identified: Unhealthy pattern (alcoholic beverages, oils and fats, condiments, soda and juice, sugars and sweets, snacks, and meat and derivatives), Traditional pattern (culinary preparations, beans, milk and dairy products, and coffee and tea) and Healthy pattern (vegetables and fruits, whole grains, chicken and fish, and skimmed milk). Unhealthy pattern was positively associated with the MHOW and MUOW phenotypes in the fourth quartile (OR = 1·84; 95 % CI 1·06, 3·22) and in the third (OR = 1·94; 95 % CI 1·11, 3·39) and fourth (OR = 2·56; 95 % CI 1·41, 4·64) quartiles of consumption, respectively. Healthy pattern was also associated with these phenotypes. Both the pattern comprising energy-dense foods and the healthier pattern were associated with overweight phenotypes among Brazilian adults.

Association Between Feeding Problems and Oral Health Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

A number of studies have been made of mealtime behavioral problems and food selectivity in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), though not from a multidisciplinary perspective where diet and dental care are investigated in children with ASD. In the present study, the parents of 55 children with ASD and 91 children with typical development (TD) between 6 and 18years of age completed the Brief Assessment of Mealtime Behavior in Children (BAMBIC) and a food consumption frequency questionnaire. A pediatric dentist performed an oral exploration of the participants according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). Food rejection and limited food variety were associated to an increased prevalence of malocclusion and altered Community Periodontal Index scores in children with ASD.

Maternal nutrient intake and fetal gastroschisis: A case-control study.

Fetal gastroschisis is a paraumbilical abdominal wall defect with herniation of the abdominal organs. This multifactorial malformation occurs in young pregnant women, and the underlying cause of the disease remains unknown; however, nutritional factors may play a role in its development. This case-control study explored the association of maternal nutrient intake with the occurrence of gastroschisis. The gastroschisis group (GG) comprised 57 pregnant women with fetuses with gastroschisis, and the control group (CG) comprised 114 pregnant women with normal fetuses matched for maternal age, gestational age, and preconception body mass index classification. Nutritional assessments related to the preconception period were obtained using the food consumption frequency questionnaire, and nutrient intakes were calculated using nutrition programs. The median daily calorie intake was higher (2,382.43 vs. 2,198.81; p = .041) in the GG than in the CG. The median intake of methionine (763.89 vs. 906.34; p = .036) and threonine (1,248.34 vs. 1,437.01; p = .018) was lower in the GG than in the CG. Pregnant women with fetuses with gastroschisis have a diet characterized by higher calorie intake and lower levels of essential amino acids (methionine and threonine) during the preconception period than pregnant women with normal fetuses.

Food craving and consumption evolution in patients starting treatment with clozapine

Antipsychotic-induced weight gain has been especially related to clozapine and olanzapine. Underlying mechanisms in relation to food preferences with an increased food craving and consumption of specific nutrients have not been extensively studied in patients with serious mental illness (SMI). We aim to describe specific food preferences (craving) and subsequent food consumption in SMI patients starting clozapine, as well as their possible relation to weight and body mass index (BMI). An observational prospective follow-up study (18weeks) was conducted in a cohort of 34 SMI patients who started clozapine due to resistant-psychotic symptoms. Anthropometric measures, Food Craving Inventory (FCI), and a food consumption frequency questionnaire were evaluated at baseline, weeks 8 and 18 of treatment. Statistical analysis included generalized estimating equations models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. No longitudinal changes over time were found across the different food craving scores after 18weeks of treatment. However, adjusted models according to BMI status showed that the normal weight (NW) group presented an increased score for the "complex carbohydrates/proteins" food cravings (- 0.67; 95% CI [- 1.15, - 0.19]; P = 0.010), while baseline scores for "fast-food fats" cravings were significantly higher in the overweight/obese (OWO) group in comparison with NW patients (NW, 2.05; 95% CI [1.60, 2.49]; OWO, 2.81, 95% CI [2.37, 3.25]; P = 0.016). When considering if food craving could predict weight gain, only increments in "fast-food fats" cravings were associated (β = - 5.35 ± 1.67; 95% CI [- 8.64, - 2.06]; P = 0.001). No longitudinal differences were found for any of the food craving scores evaluated; however, in the NW group, food craving for "complex carbohydrates/proteins" changed. Thus, changes in "fast-food fats" cravings predicted weight increase in this sample. Interventions targeting food preferences may help to mitigate weight gain in patients starting treatment with clozapine.

Influence of Women Age on Berries Consumption: The Role of Liking and Properties of Berries as Determinants of Their Intake

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Due to the benefits of berries to health and aging in women and the fact that as women age, they are increasingly concerned about remaining healthy and looking young, the aim of this paper is to determine if the consumption of berries among women is influenced by their age; also, to identify if the reasons why berries are ingested vary with age. This study evaluated berries intake and motives of consumption of 240 adult women from Jalisco, Mexico, ranging from 18 to 65 years old, divided into three groups: Young Adult Women (YAW, from 18 to 35 years old), Middle-Aged Adult Women (MAW, from 36 to 55 years old) and Older Adult Women (OAW, from 56 to 65 years old). Berries (blueberry, raspberry, strawberry and blackberry) consumption was collected by an adapted Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire validated for Mexican population, and intake reasons were assessed by a qualitative section. Spearman’s Correlations, ANOVA and Bonferroni test were done. While berries consumption lowers in the MAW group, it increases when women reach the advanced adulthood. YAW consumes berries mainly because of liking and OAW due to its properties. Only 60% of OAW consumes berries and frequency of consumption is occasional in all women, so policies to increase berries intake are needed.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Cravings, sugar and fat consumption as determinant factors of obesity in young adults in Juarez City.

obesity is a global health epidemic and understanding its causes is essential for successful treatment and prevention. Cravings have been associated with the excessive consumption of sugars and fats, and addictive eating behavior. to determine the strength of the relationship between cravings, the consumption of sugar and fat, and its impact on body composition as determined via body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP) and waist circumference (WC) in a sample of Mexicans who reside close to the México-U.S. border. the sample was comprised of 159 young adults with a mean age of 27.96 ± 6.19, 45.9% of which were male, and all residents of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Cravings were measured using Trait and State Food Cravings Questionnaires. The consumption of sugars and fats was determined via a 24-hour recall of foods consumed and a food consumption frequency questionnaire. it was demonstrated that BMI and BFP were positively associated with responses to the craving questionnaires and WC with fat consumption. Additionally, higher fat consumption was positively associated with higher rates of obesity. the results demonstrate the need to identify the presence of cravings and integrate such measures for effective prevention and treatment of obesity.

The Relationship between Consumption, Socioeconomic Level and Reasons of Tomato Intake in Mexico

The red tomato has been associated to Mexico throughout history. This vegetable is native to the New World and was domesticated in Mesoamerica, before its arrival to Europe. It has always been of great cultural importance in Mexicans diet and of great economic value. Currently, Mexico is the first tomato exporter in the world. However, its marketing affects its price and availability and can harm consumption. Then, due to the cultural role of this vegetable, it is interesting to analyze the relationship between consumption, socioeconomic status and tomato intake reasons in the case of Zapotlan el Grande, Jalisco, Mexico. For this reason, a Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FCFQ) was applied to 384 adults from 18 to 65 years old, which included classification of socioeconomic level and consumption reasons. The results showed that the tomato was ingested by more than 90% of the population, with an average frequency of 21.66 ± 10.57 times per month and 114.68 daily grams per capita. For the relationship between socioeconomic level and intake reasons, it was found that there was an impact of monthly income, occupation and gastronomy on the intake of this vegetable.

Land-use Change and Its Impact on Production and Consumption of Strawberry in Tapalpa, Jalisco, Mexico

In recent years, the municipality of Tapalpa, Jalisco, has suffered a gradual deterioration of natural resources (water, forest, soil). There has been a growth of population and an increase in tourism activities that do not consider natural resources, types of landscape or their socio-economic implications. One of the most relevant changes in the municipality, in addition to deforestation, is the change of land use by another type of agriculture. Change and the availability of new foods can lead to change the consumption habits of the community. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the impact of agribusiness strawberry with respect to changes in the environment, and its impact on the feeding process, since this depends largely food security. For this purpose, a multi-temporal analysis of Landsat ETM+ satellite images from 2000 and 2017 respectively was carried out in the municipality of Tapalpa, Jalisco. Likewise, a Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FCFC) was applied, taking a sample of 264 adults distributed between 18 and 60 years of age, to evaluate strawberry consumption in the municipality. The results showed an evolution of landscape fragmentation at all levels with a reduction in the percentage of hectares of forest land use and a significant increase in hectares of protected agriculture. Regarding consumption, the results indicated that 67% of the sample consumes strawberry and that the amount depends on the harvest period.