Food Compounds Research Articles

Intestinal transport of organic food compounds and drugs: A scoping review on the alterations observed in chronic kidney disease

Background and aimsAround 850 million people worldwide are affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD often develop malnutrition and sarcopenia and changes in the pharmacokinetics of drugs. A reduced kidney function partially explains the prolonged half-life of certain drugs due to decreased renal clearance, which leads to an increased risk of adverse effects. While the intestine plays a fundamental role in this context, a systematic review of the effects of CKD on intestinal transport is lacking. We aimed to systematically summarize all the available evidence on intestinal transport of organic food components (carbohydrates/sugar, proteins/amino acids, fats, vitamins) and drugs (including drug transporters) in chronic kidney disease. MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of all the articles published until the 1st of April 2024, on five databases i.e. Embase, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. This systematic review was registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) (osf.io/5e6wb) and was carried out according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. ResultsFrom 9205 articles identified, 68 met the inclusion criteria. Absorption of organic food compounds seems to be altered, in general, and reduced for vitamins. The expression of intestinal efflux drug transporters may be altered in CKD. ConclusionsDespite alterations in intestinal transport is suggested to be altered in CKD, the lack of recent studies, the paucity of human data and the heterogeneity of the methodologies used underscore the need for more research on the effect of CKD and uremia on intestinal transport.

An electrochemical adsorption-catalysis sensor based on 2D MXene/g-C3N4 doped with Au-COOH for selective detection of GMP in meat

Guanosine 5′-monophosphate (GMP) is a ubiquitous compound in food and contributes significantly to food flavour due to its prominent umami properties. In this study, the development of MXene/g-C3N4/Au-COOH was synthesised by electrostatic self-assembly. The strong adsorption-catalysis ability of composites was utilised to attach the GMP to the surface of Electrode. The surface morphology, functional groups and chemical bonds were analysed via several techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Under the optimised conditions, the GMP concentration detected by the sensor had a linear relationship in the range of 0.1–480 μM (S/N=3) with a low detection limit of 0.0292 μM. Meanwhile, the MXene/g-C3N4/Au-COOH/GCE has good selectivity, reproducibility and stability. The applicability of the sensor in meat had been successfully verified by four actual samples (chicken broth, fish broth, pork and beef). This study presented a possible strategy to the field of evaluation of meat flavour.

Unlocking the biochemical and computational parameters of Ceropegia foetida: A scientific approach for functional bioactive compounds from a medicinal food plant

Investigating the therapeutic potentials of medicinal plants remains pivotal in the discovery of novel bioactive compounds for food and pharmaceutical applications. This research delves into the phytochemical composition and biological activities of Ceropegia foetida's methanol extract, employing comprehensive UHPLC-MS for secondary metabolites profiling. The study quantifies the extract's substantial phenolic (76.12 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (21.58 mg QE/g) contents, revealing a promising correlation with robust antioxidant activities, as evidenced by notable ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assay outcomes. Furthermore, the extract demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on key enzymes implicated in neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes, including acetylcholinesterase (3.56 mg GALAE/g), butyrylcholinesterase (2.91 mg GALAE/g), and tyrosinase (128.31 mg KAE/g). UHPLC-MS analysis confirms the presence of 39 distinct phytochemicals across six primary categories, affirming the extract's complex bioactive profile. In complement to experimental assays, computational analyses via molecular docking simulations provided insights into the interaction mechanisms of identified phytochemicals with the target enzymes. These simulations revealed a substantial binding affinity of the plant's constituents towards enzymes compared to standard inhibitors, highlighting the compounds responsible for C. foetida's bioactivity. Such computational insights, alongside empirical data, suggest that C. foetida merits further exploration as a natural source of therapeutic agents. Overall, the efficacious enzyme inhibition, coupled with the identified phytochemical diversity, underscores the potential of C. foetida as a valuable natural resource for developing nutraceuticals and therapeutic agents. These findings support the further investigation of C. foetida for its applicability in enhancing health and treating chronic conditions.

Functional Foods in Preventing Human Blood Platelet Hyperactivity-Mediated Diseases-An Updated Review.

A systematic search of the PUBMED database from 2000 to 2023 was conducted using the selected keywords: "functional foods", "polyphenols", "fatty acids", "herbs", fruits and vegetables", "cardioprotective agents", "plant", "platelet aggregation", "platelet activation", "clinical and non-clinical trial", "randomized", and "controlled". Potent natural antiplatelet factors have been described, including omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, and other phytochemicals. Antiplatelet bioactive compounds in food that can prevent platelet hyperactivity and thus may prevent several platelet-mediated diseases, including cardiovascular disease. This narrative review describes the work during 2000-2023 in developing functional foods from natural sources with antiplatelet effects.

A Novel Approach for Colorimetric Detection of Glyphosate in Food Based on a Split Aptamer Nanostructure and DNAzyme Activity.

Glyphosate has become the most widely used herbicide worldwide in recent years. There are many concerns about toxicity and mutagenicity from long-term use of glyphosate in humans and animals. Therefore, the methods that can help in easy and quick detection of this chemical compound in food and water are critical. In this work, a biosensor was fabricated by combining the enzymatic properties of a specific DNA G-quadruplex and selectivity of a split aptamer to detect glyphosate in foods and water in a quick and simple colorimetric manner. The color change in this method is based on the oxidation of TMB by the G-quadruplex enzyme and the function of aptamer to trap glyphosate, which is visible to the naked eye in the presence and absence of the herbicide. The biosensor showed its high performance in various real samples of water and foods and provided a detection limit of 1.37 nM (R² = 0.9899) with a linear response range of 100 to 400 nM of glyphosate. This biosensor can provide an innovative, cheap and fast approach for the detection and monitoring of glyphosate in various foods and water.

Root-specific theanine metabolism and regulation at the single-cell level in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

Root-synthesized secondary metabolites are critical quality-conferring compounds of foods, plant-derived medicines, and beverages. However, information at a single-cell level on root-specific secondary metabolism remains largely unexplored. L-Theanine, an important quality component of tea, is primarily synthesized in roots, from which it is then transported to new shoots of tea plant. In this study, we present a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)-derived map for the tea plant root, which enabled cell-type-specific analysis of glutamate and ethylamine (two precursors of theanine biosynthesis) metabolism, and theanine biosynthesis, storage, and transport. Our findings support a model in which the theanine biosynthesis pathway occurs via multicellular compartmentation and does not require high co-expression levels of transcription factors and their target genes within the same cell cluster. This study provides novel insights into theanine metabolism and regulation, at the single-cell level, and offers an example for studying root-specific secondary metabolism in other plant systems.

Screening the carotenoid in vitro bioaccessibility of purple corn breakfast cereal consumed with milk and plant-based milk

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, dominate global mortality, besides compromising the quality of life. Unhealthy habits like sedentary lifestyles and poor diets escalate NCD risks. Conversely, the consumption of phenolic compounds and carotenoids has shown promise in reducing NCD risks. The food industry responds by adapting products to meet demands for healthier options rich in bioactive compounds. For instance, breakfast cereals made from purple and yellow corn offer carotenoids and anthocyanins and form a nutrient-balanced meal when consumed with milk or alternatives. However, bioactive compounds in food do not guarantee absorption, necessitating bioaccessibility studies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the bioaccessibility of the major carotenoids in two breakfast cereals, one made with 100 % yellow corn and the other with 50 % purple corn, co-digested with whole milk, semi-skimmed milk, skimmed milk, and almond “milk”. The bioaccessibility of lutein in the breakfast cereals was evaluated using the INFOGEST 2.0 in vitro digestion method. Results showed that lutein bioaccessibility ranged from 9 % to 29 %. The bioaccessibility was lower than that observed in other food matrices, such as spinach and maize products. High fiber, low carotenoid contents, and anthocyanin presence negatively influenced the carotenoid bioaccessibility. Interestingly, the varying lipid content of milk showed no impact on lutein bioaccessibility under the examined conditions. In conclusion, the effects of lipids in a low range (0–7 %) are not significant (p > 0.05) compared to other matrix components. When developing new products with health and nutritional benefits, it is important to consider that while fiber can reduce the bioaccessibility of carotenoids, it remains crucial for gut health.

Encapsulation of fatty acids in ruminant nutrition for improved meat and milk quality: A review

Abstract In recent years, the methods of producing protected fat supplements for feed have greatly developed. As a means of preserving unsaturated fats from oxidation, encapsulation has been used by food industry researchers to reduce unpleasant odor and taste, and as an effective method of protecting unsaturated fats. The process of encapsulating involves covering or trapping the target substance(s) in another substance or system. Similarly, vitamins and micronutrient compounds in food do not remain stable for long and are subject to decomposition, which depends on chemical structure, food matrix characteristics, handling parameters, and storage conditions. Consequently, encapsulation can prevent these compounds from being destroyed until they are transferred to the right location or slow down decomposition processes (such as oxidation or hydrolysis). That concept can be expanded to lipids (oils and fats). Currently, emulsion spray drying is the most common method of fine oil microcoating. The mass formation method produces more stable microcoatings with higher oil content than spray drying, as recently discovered. Biodegradable polymers have gained much attention as encapsulation materials. Microencapsulated lipids can increase the meat and milk quality of ruminants.

Encapsulation and release of salidroside in myofibrillar protein‑sodium alginate gel: Effects of different M/G ratios of sodium alginate

Myofibrillar protein‑sodium alginate (MP-SA) gels play a pivotal role in the development of functional food gels. Salidroside (SAL) is promising component but suffers from low bioavailability, necessitating effective delivery systems. This study introduces M/G ratio factor into classical theoretical MP-based gel models, and use for the SAL delivery. The findings indicate that SA significantly enhances gel properties and functions. Scanning electron microscopy, liquid chromatography, and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed that the addition of SA improved microstructure, water retention, and thus reduced SAL loss during processing. Digestion simulations revealed the influence of SA type on SAL release kinetics. Molecular docking showed that SA with lower M/G ratio binds more readily to MP, a key determinant of gel performance. These insights provide a novel theoretical basis for MP-SA gels and offer a new perspective on the delivery of bioactive compounds in functional foods.

Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of the Sea buckthorn leaves, characterization of the phenolic compounds, and determination of bioactive properties of the extracts

Sea buckthorn leaves are known to be rich in antioxidants and phenolic compounds. However, non-proper processing methods can result in a decrease of the beneficial properties. To address this, response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the modelling and optimizing of the ultrasound assisted extraction of the sea buckthorn leaves to obtain high yields of total phenolics content in the extract. The alike obtained extracts were subjected under investigations of bioactivities such as the antioxidant activities (FRAP and ORAC), antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and anti-inflammatory characteristics. The results indicated that the extracts obtained under the optimal process conditions of 30 min, continuous pulse, and solid to liquid ratio of 0.2 showed antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity against both Gram+ and Gram– bacteria at a moderate level. The extracts are rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as ellagic acid and flavonoids. The in vitro anti-inflammatory tests with THP-1 promonocyte model indicated that the sea buckthorn leaf extract obtained by ultrasound assisted extraction has powerful anti-inflammatory properties. These results prove that the ultrasound assisted extraction of sea buckthorn leaves provides a good source of phenolic compounds that have versatile bioactive properties and can generally be regarded as health promoting food compounds.

Flavonoid chrysin activates both TrkB and FGFR1 receptors while upregulates their endogenous ligands such as brain derived neurotrophic factor to promote human neurogenesis.

Neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs) and plays a crucial role in neurological diseases. The process involves a series of steps, including NSC proliferation, migration and differentiation, which are regulated by multiple pathways such as neurotrophic Trk and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) signalling. Despite the discovery of numerous compounds capable of modulating individual stages of neurogenesis, it remains challenging to identify an agent that can regulate multiple cellular processes of neurogenesis. Here, through screening of bioactive compounds in dietary functional foods, we identified a flavonoid chrysin that not only enhanced the human NSCs proliferation but also facilitated neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Further mechanistic study revealed the effect of chrysin was attenuated by inhibition of neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase-B (TrkB) receptor. Consistently, chrysin activated TrkB and downstream ERK1/2 and AKT. Intriguingly, we found that the effect of chrysin was also reduced by FGFR1 blockade. Moreover, extended treatment of chrysin enhanced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, as well as FGF1 and FGF8. Finally, chrysin was found to promote neurogenesis in human cerebral organoids by increasing the organoid expansion and folding, which was also mediated by TrkB and FGFR1 signalling. To conclude, our study indicates that activating both TrkB and FGFR1 signalling could be a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases, and chrysin appears to be a potential candidate for the development of such treatments.

Machine Learning-Based Nanozyme Sensor Array as an Electronic Tongue for the Discrimination of Endogenous Phenolic Compounds in Food.

The detection of endogenous phenolic compounds (EPs) in food is of great significance in elucidating their bioactivity and health effects. Here, a novel bifunctional vanillic acid-Cu (VA-Cu) nanozyme with peroxidase-like and laccase-like activities was successfully prepared. The peroxidase mimic behavior of VA-Cu nanozyme can catalyze 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate oxidized TMB (oxTMB). Owing to the high reducing power of EPs, this process can be inhibited, and the degree of inhibition increases with the increase of reaction time. Additionally, owing to the outstanding laccase mimic behavior of the VA-Cu, it can facilitate the oxidation of various EPs, resulting in the formation of colored quinone imines, and the degree of catalysis increases with the increase of reaction time. Based on the interesting experimental phenomena mentioned above, a six-channel nanozyme sensor array (2 enzyme-mimic activities × 3 time points = 6 sensing channels) was constructed, successfully achieving discriminant analysis of nine EPs. In addition, the combination of artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms and sensor arrays has successfully achieved accurate identification and prediction of nine EPs in black tea, honey, and grape juice. Finally, a portable method for identifying EPs in food has been proposed by combining it with a smartphone.

Simultaneous determination of 13 biogenic amines and their metabolites in liquid fermented food by HPLC-QTRAP-MS without derivatization

Biogenic amines and their metabolites (BAs) are among the most frequently detected compounds in liquid fermented foods, raising significant concerns about the potential risks they pose. To rapidly and selectively determine BAs, this study proposed and validated a method for the simultaneous determination of 13 BAs in liquid fermented foods using high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTRAP-MS) without derivatization. The simultaneous separation and determination of histamine (HIS), tyramine (TYR), putrescine (PUT), octopamine (OCT), 2-phenylethylamine (2-PHE), dopamine (DOP), spermidine (SPD), epinephrine (EPI), agmatine (AGM), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HYD), tryptamine (TRY), L-noradrenaline (L-NOR), cadaverine (CAD) were achieved using a Waters Atlantis Premier BEH Z-HILIC (1.7 μm particle size, 100 mm × 2.1 mm id) column with a mobile phase consisting of water (containing 0.025 % formic acid) and acetonitrile (containing 0.1 % formic acid). The analysis of target compounds was performed with electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive ion mode, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), information dependent acquisition (IDA), enhanced product ion (EPI), and multi-step mode analysis combined with EPI library searching. To enhance the extraction efficiency of BAs, factors such as extraction solvent, filter membranes, extraction methods, pH, oscillation speed, time and temperature were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that the method exhibited low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), ranging from 0.05 to 2.00 µg/L and 0.16 to 6.60 µg/L, respectively. The method also showed satisfactory reproducibility, with intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations ranging from 0.90 % to 3.80 % and 2.65 % to 8.27 %, respectively. Additionally, it had a broad linear range from 0.05 to 200.00 µg/L with excellent linearity (R>0.99) and an average recovery rate between 65.68 % and 115.14 %. Overall, the results demonstrated that the established method was convenient to operate, offered a short analysis time, and achieved high accuracy and sensitivity. It met the qualitative and quantitative requirements for detecting 13 BAs in liquid fermented food, thus providing strong technical support for BAs detection.

Antimicrobial activities of organic solvent extracts of four seaweeds from Oman

Seaweeds are valuable sources of bioactive compounds in biomedicine, cosmetics, food, and pharmacology. The purpose of this investigation was to study the antimicrobial properties of organic solvent extracts from two red seaweed species (Melanothamnus somalensis & Gelidium omanense), and two brown seaweed species (Jolyna furcata & Nizamuddinia zanardinii) compiled from the southern coastline of Oman against several bacterial strains of global health concern (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one fungal strain (Candida albicans). Five organic solvents were used sequentially to achieve extraction. The solvents were applied in the following order: hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol. Only the methanol extract of Nizamuddinia zanardinii (MeNZ) showed interesting antimicrobial activity; the inhibition zone was 13 ± 1 mm. Furthermore, MeNZ was fractionated, and fraction 1 (MeNZ-F1) was recognized to have antimicrobial activity; the inhibition zone was 14.66 ± 0.57 mm. The stock concentration exhibited higher antimicrobial activity compared to the diluted concentrations after 3 h of incubation. The TEM and SEM results indicated that E. coli treated with the active fraction exhibited irregular shape, rough surface, and leakage of cellular content. Additionally, ribosomes were clustered and directed toward the inner membrane of the bacteria, while the DNA clustered in the center of the cell. In conclusion, the methanol extract of Nizamuddinia zanardinii has shown high efficacy against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Therefore, it can be a valuable candidate for improving/developing antimicrobial drugs in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Nutritional value, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant potential of Iranian fenugreeks for food applications

Fenugreeks (Trigonella L. spp.), are well-known herbs belonging to the family Fabaceae, whose fresh and dried leaves have nutritional and medicinal value. In the present study, the content of phytochemical traits (essential oil, diosgenin, trigonelline, total phenol, total flavonoid, total saponins, and total tannins), bitterness value, pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoid, β-carotene, and anthocyanin), vitamins (group B vitamins and ascorbic acid), minerals, and antioxidant activity of thirty cultivated populations belonging to ten Trigonella species were evaluated. The species and populations were significantly different in all studied parameters. A significant positive and negative correlation (p < 0.05) was also observed between the studied parameters. In total, T. teheranica, T. elliptica, and T. foenum-graecum were distinguished as superior species. The results showed that fenugreeks leaves can be considered as a valuable source of food and phytochemical compounds. The obtained data can be help to expand the inventory of wild and cultivated Trigonella species for further exploitation of rich chemotypes in the new foods and specific applications.

Efficient metabolic pathway modification in various strains of lactic acid bacteria using CRISPR/Cas9 system for elevated synthesis of antimicrobial compounds

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to exhibit various beneficial roles in fermentation, serving as probiotics, and producing a plethora of valuable compounds including antimicrobial activity such as bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) that can be used as biopreservative to improve food safety and quality. However, the yield of BLIS is often limited, which poses a challenge to be commercially competitive with the current preservation practice. Therefore, the present work aimed to establish an optimised two-plasmid CRISPR/Cas9 system to redirect the carbon flux away from lactate towards compounds with antimicrobial activity by disrupting lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldh) on various strains of LAB. The lactic acid-deficient (ldhΔ) strains caused a metabolic shift resulting in increased inhibitory activity against selected foodborne pathogens up to 78 % than the wild-type (WT) strain. The most significant effect was depicted by Enterococcus faecalis-ldh∆ which displayed prominent bactericidal effects against all foodborne pathogens as compared to the WT that showed no antimicrobial activity. The present work provided a framework model for economically important LAB and other beneficial bacteria to synthesise and increase the yield of valuable food and industrial compounds. The present work reported for the first time that the metabolism of selected LAB can be manipulated by modifying ldh to attain metabolites with higher antimicrobial activity.

Transplanting network pharmacology technology into food science research: A comprehensive review on uncovering food-sourced functional factors and their health benefits.

Network pharmacology is an emerging interdisciplinary research method. The application of network pharmacology to reveal the nutritional effects and mechanisms of active ingredients in food is of great significance in promoting the development of functional food, facilitating personalized nutrition, and exploring the mechanisms of food health effects. This article systematically reviews the application of network pharmacology in the field of food science using a literature review method. The application progress of network pharmacology in food science is discussed, and the mechanisms of functional factors in food on the basis of network pharmacology are explored. Additionally, the limitations and challenges of network pharmacology are discussed, and future directions and application prospects are proposed. Network pharmacology serves as an important tool to reveal the mechanisms of action and health benefits of functional factors in food. It helps to conduct in-depth research on the biological activities of individual ingredients, composite foods, and compounds in food, and assessment of the potential health effects of food components. Moreover, it can help to control and enhance their functionality through relevant information during the production and processing of samples to guarantee food safety. The application of network pharmacology in exploring the mechanisms of functional factors in food is further analyzed and summarized. Combining machine learning, artificial intelligence, clinical experiments, and in vitro validation, the achievement transformation of functional factor in food driven by network pharmacology is of great significance for the future development of network pharmacology research.

Identification of natural inhibitors targeting polyphenol oxidase through machine learning-assisted virtual screening and investigation of molecular mechanisms using multispectral experiments

The development of potent inhibitors of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is crucial for preventing enzymatic browning, especially when derived from natural food ingredients. However, there are currently few natural PPO inhibitors available, and the underlying structure-activity relationship remains unclear. In this study, a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model utilizing machine learning (ML) was developed and integrated with molecular docking to screen for potential PPO inhibitors from a database of over 70,000 food compounds. Subsequently, 17 structurally diverse compounds were validated through experiments, and it was found that 16 of them could inhibit PPO activity at micromolar concentrations, with ε-viniferin demonstrating the most potent inhibitory effect on PPO at 3.69 μM. Furthermore, some molecular fingerprints that may significantly contribute to PPO inhibitors have been discovered through structure-based analysis. Ultimately, the molecular mechanism was elucidated through a series of enzyme kinetics and multispectral experiments. This study aims to promote the diverse development and widespread application of natural PPO inhibitors in industrial production in the future.

Nutritional Epigenomics: Bioactive Dietary Compounds in the Epigenetic Regulation of Osteoarthritis.

Nutritional epigenomics is exceptionally important because it describes the complex interactions among food compounds and epigenome modifications. Phytonutrients or bioactive compounds, which are secondary metabolites of plants, can protect against osteoarthritis by suppressing the expression of inflammatory and catabolic mediators, modulating epigenetic changes in DNA methylation, and the histone or chromatin remodelling of key inflammatory genes and noncoding RNAs. The combination of natural epigenetic modulators is crucial because of their additive and synergistic effects, safety and therapeutic efficacy, and lower adverse effects than conventional pharmacology in the treatment of osteoarthritis. In this review, we have summarized the chondroprotective properties of bioactive compounds used for the management, treatment, or prevention of osteoarthritis in both human and animal studies. However, further research is needed into bioactive compounds used as epigenetic modulators in osteoarthritis, in order to determine their potential value for future clinical applications in osteoarthritic patients as well as their relation with the genomic and nutritional environment, in order to personalize food and nutrition together with disease prevention.

Microbial production of food compounds with carbon dioxide and derived low-carbon molecules as substrates

The construction and optimization of microbial cell factories are crucial steps and key technologies in achieving green biomanufacturing. As concern has been aroused regarding the excessive carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and food security, a new and promising research field, microbial conversion of CO2 into food compounds, has emerged. The research in this field not only holds significant implications for achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals but also plays a role in maintaining food security. This paper provides a comprehensive review and outlook of the research on utilizing CO2 and its derived low-carbon chemicals for the production of food compounds, focusing on the production of glucose, sugar derivatives, and single-cell proteins and the development of artificial CO2 fixation pathways.