Fond Memories Research Articles

Are cells in liver tissue relevant to immunology?

Dan H. Campbell fostered the expression of viewpoints that bear on popular concepts. That is the aim of this article which is dedicated to his fond memory and addressed to the question of the relevance of the cells in liver tissue for future, immunological investigations.

Dietary Prudence

The Golden Age of the "special diet" is over. We may still prescribe low-calorie diets for the obese, low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets for the diabetic, and salt-free diets for the hypertensive and the edematous, but our enthusiasm is at a low ebb. Not even the current vogue of the "prudent diet" for the preventions of coronary artery disease can lift us from the dietary doldrums. In some instances special diets have been reduced in importance or made unnecessary by the use of drugs and other therapies. Saluretics have spared many patients the depressing monotony of salt-free meals. Similarly, xanthine oxidase inhibitors have made it possible to relax the strictures of unpalatable low-purine diet. And dialysis has permitted a more liberal protein intake for the uremic patient. Bypassed with the aid of drugs or rendered otherwise obsolete, such diets arouse no fond nostalgic memories. Their decline causes no second thoughts. But

Where Are the Political Superstars?

I used to go to the theater with an elderly aunt. Whenever I expressed my delight with a performance she would sigh and tell me that it was mediocre compared to what she had seen in her younger days. At first I listened with respect for the wisdom of experience, but before long I became increasingly vexed and eventually stopped paying any attention to her. My good aunt, I came to feel, could not appreciate what took place in front of her, for she could only see it through the distorting lenses of nostalgia. More recently I have had a very similar reaction when alumni of my university speak of the awe-inspiring teachers of the past who are said to put the dullards who now occupy their chairs to shame. They may have been autocrats, but they were master performers who got their message across in no uncertain terms. Professors just do not seem to come that way anymore, so it appears, and students are the poorer for it. Here, too, fond memories seem to me to disallow that different times and different students may call for different, though not necessarily less effective, teaching methods.

In Memoriam: Warren O. Nelson, April 16, 1906—October 18, 1964

IN MEMORIAM Warren O. Nelson, April 16, 1906—October 18, 1964* TO A FRIEND We are gathered here to pay a briefvalediction to a mutual friend. On this occasion I cannot but speak in personal terms. I knew him well enough to know that nothing would be more distasteful to him than public sentimentality on this occasion. Nevertheless , disdainful as he may have been of sentimentality, sentiment he himself felt—deep, moving, loyal and true—and ofsuch were the foundations for his uniquely strong character . Those ofus who knew him well and enjoyed his friendship would be less than true if wefailedto express, inadequate though ourmeans may be, ourdeep-felt sentimentstoday. Warren Nelson was born on April 16, 1906, in Moline, Illinois. His early years were spent inTexas and Oklahoma. After his father's death hewent tohigh school inWisconsin. In his later years, as he traveled widely, and was known and welcomed in all world capitals, he still bore proudly the stamp, the character, and the accent of the plains and frontier ofthis nation—a frontier that furnished many men to our academic life and the science ofEndocrinology in particular. Concerning him it might be said, as was recently said ofanother, "The hill country of Texas is a stern adversary, giving grudgingly ofitselfonly to the most determined. . . . Here at the grass roots ofAmerica, where the soil is meager and the sun is hot, he learned about life and about people." Being born with no silver spoon in his mouth, he compensated by relentless hard work. Except for rare intervals, this work never ceased. It was his great good fortune, and essential to his own happiness, that he was able to continue working until the last moments ofhis life. For the short periods, however, in which work was put aside, this too was thoroughly done. Sports ofany kind provided strong competition for the urge to work, and he leaves us all fond memories ofgay and relaxed evenings at many times and places. His higher academic work started at Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois, in 1924. There he came under the influence ofone ofthose great small-college teachers, Professor Harold Yingling, who directed his interests toward the biological sciences. He emerged with a degree in 1928 and soon was engulfed in the great depression, during which for him, as for his contemporaries, the going was hard. * From the Memorial Service held in Rensselaer, New York, October 21, 1064. 409 But on small resources he started graduate work at the University of Iowa, where W. W. Swingle was rejuvenating a department. When that group broke up, he moved to New York University with the late Hans Haterius and with Harry Charipper. There he received his Ph.D. From there he went to the University of Chicago for postgraduate work with Carl Moore. Then came his first staffappointment, at the University ofMissouri with Milton Overholser, and the next one at Yale under Edgar Allen. This list ofteachers is itselfsomething ofa galaxy ofworld Endrocrinology—but in every institution in which he learned, he contributed as well—a steady stream ofbasic sound research. This led to a Professorship at Wayne University and later, full cycle turned, back to Iowa. Perhaps his greatest institutional achievement, accomplished at a time when the need was great, was the magnificent world-wide medical program he set up for the study of population problems under the auspices ofthe Population Council. This blooms now as a great and forceful world effort at a time ofemergency. The shock felt by all ofus today is particularly acute among the many students and protégés, American and foreign, who at one time or another worked with him. For them he found plenty oftime at any cost, and through them his techniques, philosophies, and high standards write broadly the record oftheir beginnings. The work ofsuch a man is never done, but the main unfinishedjob was the one he left here—for he certainly had a great role to play in the development ofthe new Institute with which he was briefly associated in Albany. I will not dwell on the many honors, honorary offices, honorary degrees, and so forth which he held—through which world-wide...

Remarks on travel and its relationship to the U.S. balance of payments

This evening I want to talk about travel. You know about travel. Travel is something which is an adventure before you do it … a fond memory after you do it … and an ordeal when you do it. In any case, Americans have been traveling more—and lately their government has been enjoying it less.

General Anesthesia in Bronchoesophagology, A Review of Its Use in 4,000 Endoscopic Procedures Over a Ten Year Period

It is well recognized that local anesthesia is used by most endoscopists on this continent and in England. It is the method of choice recommended in all text books dealing with bronchoesophagology and diseases of the chest;16 Jackson and Jackson,’ in 1934 stated, “General anesthesia is never used in our Clinic for endoscopic procedures.” In recent years, however, with continuing improvements in methods and drugs used in general anesthesia, this method has gained some increase in favor, particularly in esophagoscopy and is even recommended for beginners in esophagology, by Jackson,2 in 1950. Holinger7-8 also suggests its use in certain instances. Although local anesthesia has proved to be extremely valuable in endoscopy it has limitations and dangers. Some of these have been referred to by Thomas and Fenton,9 Weisel and Tella,’#{176} and Lierle.1’ While serving overseas in a 600 bed hospital, the author did bronchoscopies and esophagoscopies under local anesthesia, as previously taught and practiced. However, our anesthetist, the late Dr. A. St. C. Rumball,12 was responsible for my initial interest in general anesthesia for endoscopic procedures. We used pentothal anesthesia (sodium thiopentone) many times, but as many others have found,’3 we also observed that pentothal alone or in conjunction with local anesthesia was not satisfactory. We encountered many cases of laryngospasm and the patients had to be in a dangerously deep stage of anesthesia before they were sufficiently relaxed, particularly for bronchoscopies. We found that ether even without preliminary local gave excellent relaxation, but as these patients were all active, young, and usually healthy men, ether anesthesia was too time consuming in a busy military hospital. We eventually abandoned the idea, but happily fate brought us together again in Winnipeg, following hostilities, when we were both appointed to the staff of Deer Lodge Veterans’ Hospital at the beginning of January, 1946. We eventually developed a method mutually satisfactory to both of us. The paper published by Cassels and Holinger,7 in 1946 on “Points of Mutual Interest in Bronchology and Anesthesiology” brings back many fond memories and adequately describes our associations of that time. Our experience at Deer Lodge was confined to adults but at the same time the author was appointed to the staff of the Winnipeg General Hospital, and a little later to the Children’s Hospital of Winnipeg, so that ample opportunity was provided to use

Dr. Watts' “Flights of Fancy”

The year 1948 drew to a close with a spate of articles appearing in religious magazines honoring the memory of Watts. Along with the King James Version, Dr. Watts' hymns have become a symbol of Protestantism's underlying unity in a day of proliferating denominations. Around his hymns there now cluster historic associations and fond memories that endear Watts to the entire Protestant community.

American Traditions Concerning Property and Liberty

When, over a century and a half ago, a poet saw a group of his countrymen about to set sail on their way to a new home in Georgia, he took a gloomy view of their prospects. He believed that they were leaving a land of scattered hamlets, sheltered cots, and cultivated farms, where ease, health, and plenty had prevailed, for a “dreary scene” around the “wild Altama”—a region of blazing suns, wild tornadoes, poisonous fields, and matted woods where lurked the “dark scorpion … vengeful snake … crouching tigers … and savage men more murderous still than they.” Posterity has liked best the poet's fond memories of his native village. Goldsmith, however, considered the practical politico-economic aspect of his poem to be its best feature. He had indeed paid some attention to actual economic changes that were causing a depopulation of the English countryside. His compatriots, he believed, were crossing “half the convex world,” not because they were dissatisfied with a land where simple pleasures and “light labour … gave what life required but gave no more,” but because such a manner of living was no longer possible in Britain: “trade's unfeeling train” had “usurped the land” and made it a place where the “man of wealth” extorted pleasures “from his fellow-creature's woe” and took up “a space that many poor supplied.”