Follow-up Screening Research Articles

Prediction of posttraumatic stress and depression one-month post-injury: A comparison of two screening instruments.

To examine the combined and individual utility of 2 screening tools in prediction of depression and PTSD one-month post traumatic injury. 484 Level I Trauma Center patients were administered the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) and Injured Trauma Survivor Screen (ITSS). Approximately 30 days post-injury, patients completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curves for the PDI suggested a cutoff score of 17.5 predicting PTSD (Sensitivity = 70%; Specificity = 62%) and depression (Sensitivity = 74%; Specificity = 64%). For the ITSS, ROC curves suggested a cutoff score of 1.5 to predict PTSD (Sensitivity = 72%; Specificity = 60%) and depression (Sensitivity = 67%; Specificity = 62%). Inclusion of both instruments in regression analyses accounted for 2.4%-6.8% greater variance than 1 measure alone in predicting PCL-5 and PHQ-8 scores. The ITSS and PDI each demonstrated significant clinical utility in practice. Use of both measures, versus either alone, likely does not produce sufficient added clinical benefit. Follow-up screening and/or ongoing symptom monitoring is recommended as an adjunct to brief bedside screening. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

S314 Initial Colorectal Cancer Screenings After Turning 50 Years Old and Follow-up Screening Patterns After Positive FIT or Multitarget Stool DNA Testing Among Average-Risk Population

S314 Initial Colorectal Cancer Screenings After Turning 50 Years Old and Follow-up Screening Patterns After Positive FIT or Multitarget Stool DNA Testing Among Average-Risk Population

Increased risk of cerebrovascular mortality in head and neck cancer survivors aged\u2009\u2265\u200965\xa0years treated with definitive radiotherapy: a population-based cohort study

BackgroundTo investigate the relationship between radiotherapy (RT) and the risk of cerebrovascular mortality (CVM) in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors aged ≥ 65 years.MethodsPatients with HNC survivors aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 were included from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan–Meier analysis, Log-rank tests, and Cox proportional-hazards regression models were performed for statistical analyses.ResultsWe included 16,923 patients in this study. Of these patients, 7110 (42.0%) patients received surgery alone, 5041 (29.8%) patients underwent RT alone, and 4772 (28.2%) patients were treated with surgery and RT. With a median follow-up time of 87 months, 1005 patients died with cerebrovascular disease. The 10-years CVM were 13.3%, 10.8%, and 11.2% in those treated with RT alone, surgery alone, and surgery plus RT, respectively (P < 0.001). The mean time for CVM was shorter in RT alone compared to surgery alone and surgery plus RT (52 months vs. 56–60 months). After adjusting for covariates, patients receiving RT alone had a significantly higher risk of developing CVM compared to those receiving surgery alone (hazard ratio [HR] 1.703, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.398–2.075, P < 0.001), while a comparable risk of CVM was found between those treated with surgery alone and surgery plus RT (HR 1.106, 95% CI 0.923–1.325, P = 0.274). Similar trends were found after stratification age at diagnosis, gender, tumor location, and marital status.ConclusionsDefinitive RT but not postoperative RT can increase the risk of CVM among older HNC survivors. Long-term follow-up and regular screening for CVD are required for HNC patients who received definitive RT to decrease the risk of CVM.

Lung cancer probability and clinical outcomes of baseline and new subsolid nodules detected on low-dose CT screening

BackgroundLimited data are available regarding the management of subsolid nodules detected on lung cancer screening with low-dose CT (LDCT). We aimed to determine the characteristics of screen-detected subsolid nodules, and...

1603P SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion among oncology healthcare workers in Brazil

Background: We aimed to estimate the incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroconversion after baseline screening among oncology healthcare workers (HCW). Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal cohort study of HCW, applied at Centro de Terapia Oncologica (CTO), an Oncology clinic in Petropolis, Brazil. Baseline screening for SARS-CoV-2 occurred between April 9 -29, 2020 using rapid IgM and IgG serological tests for all HCW. Follow-up serology testing took place once between November 5-December 28, 2020 and included retesting with indirect chemiluminescence immunoassay LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG all HCW for seroconversion incidence. Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing was offered at baseline and follow-up for all symptomatic staff. The McNemar test was used to assess the change in positive serology incidence in both tests. Results: The study included 60 HCW, with 40 females (66.7%). Mean age was of 43.4 years old (SD =14.5). At baseline SARS-CoV-2 antibody assessment, 57 (95%) were negative and 3 (5%) positive;59 (98%) asymptomatic HCW, and 1 symptomatic (1.6%) tested positive in RT-PCR. A total of 11 RT-PCR were performed since baseline until follow-up in symptomatic HCW, with 9 (81.8%) positive results, all of them with seroconversion. 6 (10%) asymptomatic HCW were seropositive at follow-up screening. None of baseline positive-serology asymptomatic HCW sustained their serology. Seroconversion occurred in 15 (25%) HCW - Table. The incidence of positive serologies in follow-up screening was statistically higher than at baseline (p = 0.008). [Formula presented] Conclusions: Most seroconversions were in symptomatic HCW, although the substantial number of positive serologies in asymptomatic HCW accent the importance and direct impact of regular universal testing. Seropositivity increased five-fold compared to baseline results. This detected increase in infections reflects a national pattern, suggesting community-based and not nosocomial transmission. Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Assisted versus Manual Interpretation of Low-Dose CT Scans for Lung Cancer Screening: Impact on Lung-RADS Agreement.

Purpose To compare the inter- and intraobserver agreement and reading times achieved when assigning Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) categories to baseline and follow-up lung cancer screening studies by using a dedicated CT lung screening viewer with integrated nodule detection and volumetric support with those achieved by using a standard picture archiving and communication system (PACS)-like viewer. Materials and Methods Data were obtained from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). By using data recorded by NLST radiologists, scans were assigned to Lung-RADS categories. For each Lung-RADS category (1 or 2, 3, 4A, and 4B), 40 CT scans (20 baseline scans and 20 follow-up scans) were randomly selected for 160 participants (median age, 61 years; interquartile range, 58-66 years; 61 women) in total. Seven blinded observers independently read all CT scans twice in a randomized order with a 2-week washout period: once by using the standard PACS-like viewer and once by using the dedicated viewer. Observers were asked to assign a Lung-RADS category to each scan and indicate the risk-dominant nodule. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was analyzed by using Fleiss κ values and Cohen weighted κ values, respectively. Reading times were compared by using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results The interobserver agreement was moderate for the standard viewer and substantial for the dedicated viewer, with Fleiss κ values of 0.58 (95% CI: 0.55, 0.60) and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.68), respectively. The intraobserver agreement was substantial, with a mean Cohen weighted κ value of 0.67. The median reading time was significantly reduced from 160 seconds with the standard viewer to 86 seconds with the dedicated viewer (P < .001). Conclusion Lung-RADS interobserver agreement increased from moderate to substantial when using the dedicated CT lung screening viewer. The median reading time was substantially reduced when scans were read by using the dedicated CT lung screening viewer. Keywords: CT, Thorax, Lung, Computer Applications-Detection/Diagnosis, Observer Performance, Technology Assessment Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2021.

1454Renal disease in Aboriginal children and young adults (ARDAC): evolution to a data linkage study

Abstract Focus of Presentation The ‘Antecedents of Renal Disease in Aboriginal Children and Young Adults’ (ARDAC) Study was the first large population-based longitudinal cohort study seeking to identify the early emergence and trajectory of kidney disease among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. Since 2002, 3758 young people (2155 Aboriginal and 1603 non-Aboriginal) from across New South Wales, Australia, were enrolled, with clinical data collected every two years. However, the confluence of a maturing cohort, local issues (bushfires), and the COVID19 pandemic made follow-up screenings a challenge. As such, in 2021, ARDAC evolved into a data linkage to evaluate the cohort’s healthcare utilization and kidney health trajectory. Findings The ARDAC dataset contains 340 variables, which have been linked to a further 878 variables from state and federal government agency administrative datasets. Data incorporated in the linkage includes perinatal, pharmaceutical, hospital admissions, literacy, kidney health, kidney transplant, and death data. Preliminary findings from this unique and important linkage will be the focus of this presentation. Conclusions/Implications The breadth and scope of this data linkage makes it the largest on the kidney health of First Nations Peoples internationally. Analysis will provide a detailed understanding of the healthcare usage of this population and identify critical gender-specific timepoints and risk factors to inform the development of co-designed, community-driven strategies for future action. Key messages With governance provided by a strong Investigator-Advisory Group nexus, with extensive representation from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander researchers, patients, and community leaders, ARDAC is an exemplar of Aboriginal community-led research.

FOUR DIFFERENT PRESENTATIONS OF WILSON’S DISEASE IN ONE FAMILY

Wilson’s disease (WD) is an important differential to consider in any child presenting with hepatic, neurological or ophthalmological manifestations of the disease. We report here 4 individuals of the same family: 2 paediatric and 2 adult patients with a spectrum of manifestations of the disease presenting to Pak Emirates Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, from January 2019 and September 2020. The index case had neuro-wilson; the brother was diagnosed preemptively during screening; the father being completely asymptomatic despite markedly raised 24 hours urinary copper levels; and the paternal uncle being diagnosed after many years of manifesting hepatic symptoms. The purpose of this publication is to sensitize the readers to the usage of scoring tools such as the Leipzig score, the importance of regular follow-up and family screening of hereditary diseases. We would also like to highlight the possibility of missed diagnosis with serum Copper levels (S.Copper) which were within normal limits (WNL) in all 4 of our patients; and Serumceruloplasmin (S.ceruloplasmin) levels which were within normal limits in 3\4 of these patients, that are often used as screening tools for WD.

Nationwide survey of the follow-up practices for patients with esophageal carcinoma after radical treatment: historical changes and future perspectives in Japan.

No post-treatment follow-up methods have been established yet for patients with esophageal carcinoma who undergo radical esophagectomy (Surg) or who show complete response to definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT-CR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of follow-up of the Surg and dCRT-CR patients in Japan, and understand the current reality and problems to establish an optimal follow-up method. A questionnaire on the follow-up method adopted was sent by e-mail to 124 institutions approved by the Japan Esophageal Society as training institutions for board-certified esophageal surgeons; responses were received from 89 institutions. The data were compared with those obtained by a similar survey conducted in 2014. Follow-up methods markedly varied among institutions. Almost all institutions scheduled computed tomography and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at least once a year up to postoperative year 5 for both the Surg and dCRT-CR groups. At least 70% of the institutions continued follow-up up to postoperative year 10, and this proportion had increased as compared to that reported from the 2014 survey. Only 25-30% of the institutions scheduled follow-up screening for metachronous head and neck cancer for both groups, and the health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) after the treatment were seldom assessed. These trends remained unchanged as compared to those reported from the 2014 survey. The results suggest that the consensus of follow-up protocol could not be established. More attention is required for detection of metachronous cancers and assessment of the HR-QOL. Establishment of a consensus-based follow-up system and verification of its effectiveness are required.

Colorectal Cancer screening in ambulatory healthcare service clinics in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates in 2015\u20132016

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue due to high morbidity and mortality. Different screening programs were implemented to reduce its burden.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of CRC screening uptake using fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or guaiac fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT) in Emirati nationals. Other objectives were to measure the incidence of CRC in the screened population, to measure the outcomes of follow-up screening colonoscopy after positive FIT/gFOBT and to identify the causes of not performing follow-up screening colonoscopy after positive FIT/gFOBT.MethodologyAdult Emirati nationals aged 40–75 years who visited Ambulatory healthcare services clinics, Abu Dhabi in 2015–2016 were included in the study. The electronic medical records of the eligible individuals were reviewed retrospectively. The prevalence of CRC screening was measured among the eligible population using the FIT/gFOBT. The IBM SPSS Statistics program, version 21.0.0, was used for analysis.Result45,147 unique individuals were eligible for screening, and only 23.5% were screened using FIT/gFOBT. Of the screened individuals, 13.5% had positive FIT/ gFOBT, and 30.5% of those underwent follow-up screening colonoscopy. CRC was diagnosed in 11 individuals. Colonic polyp were found in 30.5% of individuals who had undergone a follow-up colonoscopy. Collectively 933 individuals did not undergo follow-up screening colonoscopy after having a positive FIT/gFOBT, and about 36.3% had collected the result and referred to a gastroenterologist but did not attend the appointment.ConclusionCRC screening uptake using FIT/gFOBT is low among the adult Emirati nationals.

Pharmacophore Model for SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro Small-Molecule Inhibitors and in Vitro Experimental Validation of Computationally Screened Inhibitors.

Among the biomedical efforts in response to the current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, pharmacological strategies to reduce viral load in patients with severe forms of the disease are being studied intensively. One of the main drug target proteins proposed so far is the SARS-CoV-2 viral protease 3CLpro (also called Mpro), an essential component for viral replication. Ongoing ligand- and receptor-based computational screening efforts would be facilitated by an improved understanding of the electrostatic, hydrophobic, and steric features that characterize small-molecule inhibitors binding stably to 3CLpro and by an extended collection of known binders. Here, we present combined virtual screening, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, machine learning, and in vitro experimental validation analyses, which have led to the identification of small-molecule inhibitors of 3CLpro with micromolar activity and to a pharmacophore model that describes functional chemical groups associated with the molecular recognition of ligands by the 3CLpro binding pocket. Experimentally validated inhibitors using a ligand activity assay include natural compounds with the available prior knowledge on safety and bioavailability properties, such as the natural compound rottlerin (IC50 = 37 μM) and synthetic compounds previously not characterized (e.g., compound CID 46897844, IC50 = 31 μM). In combination with the developed pharmacophore model, these and other confirmed 3CLpro inhibitors may provide a basis for further similarity-based screening in independent compound databases and structural design optimization efforts to identify 3CLpro ligands with improved potency and selectivity. Overall, this study suggests that the integration of virtual screening, MD simulations, and machine learning can facilitate 3CLpro-targeted small-molecule screening investigations. Different receptor-, ligand-, and machine learning-based screening strategies provided complementary information, helping to increase the number and diversity of the identified active compounds. Finally, the resulting pharmacophore model and experimentally validated small-molecule inhibitors for 3CLpro provide resources to support follow-up computational screening efforts for this drug target.

Preliminary reliability of South African adaptation and Northern Sotho translation of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up.

BackgroundThere is a shortage of validated autism screening tests in the 11 official languages of South Africa. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/FTM), a validated and well-known screening test, had already been adapted (in English) and translated into Northern Sotho for use in South Africa.ObjectivesThe aim was to collect pilot data to determine the preliminary reliability and feasibility of the two tests to confirm the equivalence of the adaptation and translation.MethodThe study was conducted in a peri-urban community in South Africa. Twenty-one first-language Northern Sotho caregivers of children aged between 18 and 48 months were recruited by employing snowball sampling. The participants were asked to complete the Northern Sotho and the culturally adapted English M-CHAT-R/F, which were presented in random order.ResultsThe preliminary content validity and equivalence were evident, with no difference at the 5% interval of the Wilcoxon signed rank test. All 21 toddlers screened presented with a low risk for autism following the recommended execution of the Follow-Up section for the toddlers in the medium risk category. All participants completed the two screening tests, with none indicating unfamiliar words or constructs. A higher preference for the English adapted version was found but a need for the Northern Sotho screening test was also evidentConclusionThe Northern Sotho translation of the M-CHAT-R/F, as well as the adapted English version, appears feasible and is ready for comprehensive validation.

Impact of central nervous system-directed treatment on competence and adjustment among children in early cancer survivorship.

Central nervous system (CNS)-directed treatments can cause long-term academic, social, and emotional difficulties for children with cancer. However, limited research has examined the emergence of problems longitudinally and has often stratified risk by diagnosis alone. Therefore, this study compared competence and adjustment in children, who did and did not receive CNS-directed treatment, over the first 3years following a cancer diagnosis. Mothers, fathers, and children (ages 5-18years at diagnosis) from 217 families reported on the child's competence (academic, social) and adjustment (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed) near a new cancer diagnosis or relapse and 3years later. Children were categorized into CNS-directed treatment (n=112; including cranial radiation, intrathecal chemotherapy, and/or neurosurgery) and non-CNS-directed treatment (n=105) groups. At enrollment, there were few differences in competence and emotional adjustment among children based on treatment or diagnostic group. At 3years, mothers and fathers reported poorer social competence for the CNS-directed treatment group, and fathers reported poorer school competence for the CNS-directed treatment group. Over time, father ratings of social competence increased for the non-CNS-directed treatment group, but not the CNS-directed treatment group. While father ratings of academic competence declined for the CNS-directed treatment group, mother ratings declined the most for children diagnosed with a brain tumor. All children demonstrated higher anxious/depressed scores over time. CNS-directed treatment may be a valuable indicator to identify childhood cancer survivors at risk for poor competence during early survivorship. Follow-up screening and supportive services are recommended, as well as additional longitudinal research.

Characteristics of human papillomavirus infection and abnormal cervical cytology in health check-up females in Shenzhen

Objective: To describe the characteristics of human papillomavirus infection and thinprep cytologic test (TCT) outcome in health check-up females in Shenzhen. Methods: Use cross-sectional design, collect information from data from health check-up females in Shenzhen and describe characteristics of HPV infections screening and TCT outcomes. Results: We collected the data of 75 754 females, 103 508 females and 69 964 females received HPV detection, TCT and combined detection respectively. HPV standardized infection rate was 19.89% (95%CI: 19.45%-20.33%) and showed a "U-shaped" pattern in age distribution. The most prevalent HPV genotypes were 52, 51, 16, 58 and 53. Infection rate was higher for high-risk HPV than low-risk HPV genotype. Single infection was more common than its multiple infection. In addition, 7.48% (95%CI: 7.22%-7.75%) women were TCT positive, of whom 4.58% (95%CI: 4.40%-4.76%), 2.54% (2.40%-2.69%), 0.27% (95%CI: 0.23%-0.31%) had atypical squamous cells, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, respectively. Overall and subtype HPV infection rates increased with severity of abnormal cervical cytology. The most prevalent HPV genotypes were 52, 58 and 16 in women with abnormal cervical cytology. Conclusions: HPV prevalence remains at a high level in Shenzhen. This study suggests that attention should be paid to HPV screening, especially in young, perimenopausal women and in high risk HPV genotype infection. Timely follow-up and cervical cytology screening are required for women with high-risk HPV infection or persistent infection. Future vaccination strategies should take account of prevalent HPV genotype.

Congenital Heart Diseases in Pregnancy

This research aims to shed light into congenital heart diseases, the pathophysiology, and the ultrasonographic findings of congenital heart diseases. Congenital heart diseases are a major health concern, affecting 1.35 million children born every year. Ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, and atrioventricular septal defect are found in 57.9% cases of congenital heart diseases. The risk factors include consanguineous marriage, family history of congenital heart diseases, old maternal and paternal age, and exposure to teratogens, and genetic factors. Missteps in cardiac development are the main pathophysiology of congenital heart diseases. Ultrasonography screening in 18–22 weeks gestational age is utilized to screen. Follow-up screening can increase detection rate to 80%. This study has limitation of only discussing most common congenital heart diseases and did not delve into rarer types of congenital heart diseases and did not discuss impacts or burden of congenital heart diseases in adulthood and health comorbidities associated. This literature review is beneficial for general practitioners and obstetricians focusing in maternal fetal medicine.

Abstract 889: Qualitative findings from a survey on patient experiences and satisfaction with lung cancer screening

Abstract Background: In 2014, Moffitt Cancer Center initiated a lung cancer screening program for high-risk individuals who meet USPSTF inclusion criteria. As of January 2020, 576 patients have completed one or more lung cancer screenings. However, approximately 40% of lung cancer screening patients were noncompliant with their recommended follow-up. To understand reasons for lack of follow-up screening and to determine patient satisfaction and experiences, we conducted a survey with open-ended items to assess patient experiences and satisfaction among lung cancer screening patients. Methods: In this analysis, we report on findings from the qualitative portion of the survey. Six open-ended items elicited barriers related to returning for screening, experience with other cancer screenings, positive and negative experiences with the LDCT visit, as well as suggestions for improving the process of LDCT screening visits. Content analysis using the constant comparison method was applied to the text and coded based on the a priori codes of the open-ended questions. Results: As of November 2020, 190 people responded to the quantitative survey and 77 provided responses to one or more open-ended questions. Thirty-five respondents provided general positive comments about their lung cancer screening experience with typical responses of “positive” and “good experience”. Twenty respondents mentioned that the staff was “caring”, “knowledgeable”, and “great staff”. Ten respondents mentioned that they were “always treated well”, “treated with respect”, “high quality care”.. Negative comments were provided by 32 respondents in the areas of: “wanting more information on results” or “waiting too long for results” (N=7), “inefficient scheduling issues” (N=6), and billing issues (N=5). Additionally, six patients reported COVID-related issues impacted their lung cancer screening experience. Suggestion for improvements included: on-line appointments or text or email reminders (N = 10), lower costs (N=6), and uncertainty about remaining qualified for lung cancer screening due to age or current/prior medical conditions (N=5). Conclusion: Overall, findings provide insights about patient experiences and satisfaction for lung cancer screening. Suggestions for improvement centered on better scheduling systems and appointment reminders as well as the ability to speak to a clinician to better understand results and future eligibility. Ongoing patient-centered feedback may improve the lung cancer screening experience and increase follow-up screening rates. Citation Format: Jaileene Perez-Morales, Rashmi Pathak, Monica Reyes, Ada Sulbaran, Tiffany Gilliard, Haley Tolbert, Rajwantee Tirbene, Jhanelle Gray, Vani N. Simmons, Matthew B. Schabath, Gwendolyn P. Quinn. Qualitative findings from a survey on patient experiences and satisfaction with lung cancer screening [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 889.

Abstract 890: Survey results of lung cancer screening patient experiences and satisfaction

Abstract Background: In 2014, Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC) in Tampa, Florida launched a lung cancer screening program for high-risk individuals meeting USPSTF inclusion criteria. To reveal successes and potential limitations of this program, we conducted a survey to measure lung cancer screening patient experiences and satisfaction. Methods: In August 2020, a survey was mailed to 576 patients who completed one or more lung cancer screenings at MCC. The survey collected demographics and smoking history and measured patient satisfaction and experiences in 6 domains: the appointment process, clinical staff interactions, communication, visit with the provider, screening results and cost, and the clinic facility/overall satisfaction. There were also questions on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. A 5-point Likert scale was used to measure satisfaction with clinical staff and clinic facility/overall satisfaction (1= excellent to 5= poor) and other domains (1=strongly agree to 5=strongly disagree). Results were quantified using descriptive statistics. Results: Among the 160 patients that completed the survey, 96.3% were White, 93.1% were non-Hispanic, 46.9% were female, 78.1% were former smokers, and the mean age was 69 years. For the appointment process, 91.2% “strongly agreed/agreed” it was easy to make an appointment and 92.5% “strongly agreed/agreed” the clinic check-in process was efficient. Next, nearly 93% reported the courtesy of the clinical staff was “excellent/very good”. For communication, while 90% “strongly agreed/agreed” that the lung cancer screening process was clearly explained, 63.2% “strongly agreed/agreed” that the potential harms and limitations were clearly explained and 71.2% “strongly agreed/agreed” that the process for follow-up screening was clearly explained. For the provider questions, 71.3% “strongly agreed/agreed” that the provider was willing to listen carefully and 66.3% “strongly agreed/agreed” that the instructions regarding follow-up were easy to understand. For results and costs, 79.4% “strongly agreed/agreed” the screening results were clearly explained and 70% “strongly agreed/agreed” that the cost of the screening was justified. Regarding overall satisfaction, 87.6% “strongly agreed/agreed” they would recommend lung cancer screening at MCC. Finally, 10.6% of patients were concerned about getting a lung cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic and only 8.1% reported that the COVID-19 pandemic prevented them from getting a lung cancer screening. Conclusion: Generally, for all 6 domains, patients reported favorable satisfaction and experience with lung cancer screening at MCC. However, higher rates of “neither agree/disagree” and “prefer not to answer” were observed for items related to communication and visit with the provider items suggesting improvements may be warranted, particularly related to future visits. Citation Format: Monica E. Reyes, Jaileene Perez-Morales, Rashmi Pathak, Ada Sulbaran, Tiffany J. Gillard, Haley Tolbert, Rajwantee Tirbene, Jhanelle Gray, Vani N. Simmons, Gwendolyn P. Quinn, Matthew B. Schabath. Survey results of lung cancer screening patient experiences and satisfaction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 890.

Hubungan Pemeriksaan Basil Tahan Asam pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Sebelum dan Sesudah Pengobatan Rifampicin Selama 6 Bulan di Rumah Sakit Tingkat III 04.06.01 Wijaya Kusuma Purwokerto

Tuberculosis is a lung infection caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Early detection is one of the ways to detect tuberculosis. The first detection of tuberculosis is with the Molecular Rapid Test, which is one of the technologies being developed using GeneXpert. Patients with positive Molecular Rapid Test results will be treated with rifampicin for 6 months, then further screening of Acid-Fast Bacilli microscopically will be carried out to determine whether the patient is still positive for pulmonary tuberculosis or not. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between acid-fast bacillus examination in tuberculosis patients with positive molecular rapid test results. This study will be conducted experimentally. The results of calculations using the Wilcoxon Test showed that there was a relationship between TCM examination results and BTA follow-up screening in TB patients after and before rifampicin treatment for 6 months.

SARS-Co-V2 infection in never, former, and current tobacco/nicotine users: a cohort study of 4040 Egyptian healthcare workers

BackgroundSmoking negatively impacts COVID-19 severity and adverse outcomes. Evidence on whether smoking is associated with SARS-Co-V2 infection and having a positive test is scarce, particularly from low-and middle-income countries, where most of the world’s billion smokers live. The inconsistency in relevant findings calls for study designs and analyses to account for possible confounders including background characteristics and pre-existing co-morbidities, to disentangle the specific effect of smoking. In healthcare workers (HCWs) the frequency of exposure to COVID-19 cases adds another layer of risk that was not factored in previous studies. We examined the association of HCWs’ tobacco/nicotine use (never, former, and current use) with having a positive SARS-Co-V2 test result and symptoms suggestive of infection, accounting for demographics, exposures, and co-morbidities.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 4040 healthcare workers with baseline and follow-up screening took place during April–June 2020 in 12 healthcare facilities in Cairo, Egypt. Data on demographics, tobacco/nicotine use (manufactured or roll-your-own cigarettes, waterpipe tobacco, and electronic devices), co-morbidities, symptoms, exposures, and SARS-Co-V2 investigations were analyzed. Multinomial and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsOverall, 270/4040 (6.7, 95%CI: 5.9–7.5) had positive SARS-CoV-2 tests, 479 (11.9%) were current and 79 (2.0%) were former tobacco/nicotine users. The proportion of positive tests was 7.0% (243/3482, 95%CI: 6.1–7.8) among never, 5.1% (4/79, 95%CI: 0.1–10.0) among former, and 4.8% (23/479, 95%CI: 2.9–6.7) among current users. HCWs’ SARS-CoV-2 test results did not vary significantly by single/multiple or daily/non-daily tobacco/nicotine use. Compared to never users, former users were more likely to self-report a pre-existing medical condition (ORadjusted1.87, 95%CI: 1.05–3.33, p = 0.033), and to experience symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (ORadjusted1.76, 95%CI: 1.07–2.90, p = 0.027). After adjustment, former (ORadjusted0.45, 95%CI: 0.11–1.89, p = 0.273) and current (ORadjusted0.65, 95%CI: 0.38–1.09, p = 0.101) tobacco/nicotine use was not associated with HCWs’ SARS-CoV-2 positive test results.ConclusionsThis is the first report on this association from low- and middle-income countries with high tobacco/nicotine use prevalence. In this HCW cohort, having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test was not associated with tobacco/nicotine use after accounting for demographics, exposures, and co-morbidities. Additional population-based studies could use such preliminary evidence to investigate this controversial association.

Trends in obesity and blood lipid abnormalities in school-age children in Japan.

Obesity in children is a public health concern in Japan. To evaluate the current state of the obesity problem and inform future directions, we aimed to provide an updated account of secular trends in the percentage of overweight (POW) children by gender and school grade, and evaluate changes in POW after participation in the obesity health screening. The current study utilized aggregated data from the Setagaya Ward, Tokyo, public elementary and middle school populations from 2009 to 2018. Data on the percentage of overweight ≥ 30% (POW-30) and percentage of abnormal blood test results were examined by year, gender, and school grade level. Individual-level data from 2015 to 2017 in children who participated in a follow-up obesity health screening were evaluated for changes in median POW. A decreasing trend in students with a POW-30 was observed from 2009 to 2011, with rates stabilizing thereafter. The highest proportions of POW-30 were observed in 2010 (4.8% in middle school boys; 2.8% in middle school girls). From third grade, the difference in percentage by gender appeared to get increasingly larger until the beginning of middle school. Among obesity health screening participants, abnormal blood tests for total cholesterol and triglycerides showed a slightly increasing trend over time, and changes in POW after screening were greatest for middle school students. Increases in obesity were not observed in Setagaya Ward public school students since 2010, but disparities exist by gender and grade level, suggesting that tailored intervention strategies may be useful to optimize aspects of the obesity health screening program.