The glass cenosphere/Al syntactic foam core sandwich with steel and aluminum sheets was successfully synthesized using the spark plasma sintering method, it owns metallurgical interfaces between the foam core and the metal sheets. The aluminum foil placement between the glass cenosphere-aluminum mixture powder and steel sheet in the preparing process facilitated the Fe-Al diffusion to form a double-layer reaction metallurgical interface containing Fe4Al13 and Fe2Al5. While for the foam core-aluminum sheet, an excellent fusion of aluminum was achieved at the interface. Both foam core-steel sheet and foam core-aluminum sheet showed good interfacial shear strength. There is a significant difference in the interfacial shear behavior between the foam core-steel sheet and the foam core-aluminum sheet due to their different metallurgical interfaces. The stable fusion of aluminum at the foam core-aluminum sheet interface can be conducive to the interfacial load transfer, resulting in a better interfacial bonding than that of the foam core-steel sheet.