Cavity Floor Research Articles

Numerical simulation for rarefied hypersonic flows over non-rectangular deep cavities

A comprehensive numerical study is performed to investigate rarefied hypersonic flows past various non-rectangular cavity configurations using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method with the effects of free-stream Mach numbers, high-temperature gas effects, and three-dimensional (3D) effects analyzed in depth. In this work, two groups of non-rectangular cavities are considered: one is the shallow-front type and the other is the shallow-rear type. The primary objective is to obtain insight into the flow characteristics and surface pressure on and heat flux to these non-rectangular cavities. Making the front or rear of the cavity shallower does not alter the flow characteristics inside the upper cavity too much, but it causes the vortex to not fill the entire cavity any longer. Instead, a “dead-water” region is formed in the bottom cavity, and this “dead-water” region becomes expanded as the front or rear of the cavity gets shallower. In addition, making the front or rear of the cavity shallower has little influence on surface pressure on and heat flux to the aft wall of the cavity, while it plays an important role in the distributions of surface pressure and heat transfer coefficients over the cavity floor. For the case of shallower-rear cavity, the surface pressure and heat flux at the right end of the cavity floor are as high as 2 and 20 times the rectangular-cavity value, respectively. Free-stream Mach number and high-temperature gas effects have a negligibly minor influence on flow characteristics inside the cavity, while 3D effects play an important role. In comparison with 2D cavities, 3D relieving effects in finite-span cavities prevent the external stream from penetrating deeper into cavities, leading to much smaller surface pressures on and heat fluxes to the cavity floors.

Improvement of JASMINE code for ex-vessel molten core coolability in BWR

Evaluation of the molten core coolability in the wet cavity needs techniques to treat under-water melt behaviors including particle formation by break-up, horizontal spreading at the cavity bottom, and so on. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency extended the applicability of their fuel-coolant interaction analysis code JASMINE to simulate the relevant phenomena of molten core in a severe accident. It is assumed that three types of fuel debris with different coolable geometries would be produced in the wet cavity as particulate debris, agglomerated debris and cake debris. An agglomeration model that considers the fusion of hot particles on the cavity floor was implemented in the JASMINE code. Another significant improvement is the introduction of the melt spreading model based on the shallow water equation that takes crust development at the melt surface into account. These models have adjusting parameters, such as frequency of agglomeration occurrence between contacting particles as a function of melt enthalpy, mechanical strength of the surface crust governing the termination of melt spreading. For optimization of these parameters, we referred to data from the agglomeration experiment DEFOR-A and the under-water spreading experiment PULiMS conducted by Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The JASMINE analyses reproduced most of the experimental results well with a common parameter set, suggesting that the primary phenomena are appropriately modelled.

Cystic Teratoma of the oral cavity

We present a rare case of sublingual cystic teratoma in the oral cavity with atypical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a 4-year-old girl. The MRI demonstrated a well-marginated lesion in the oral cavity floor, high signal on T2-and iso signal on T1-weighted with thick wall and wall enhancement after intravenous contrast injection. The MRI findings were related to a congenital cyst of the oral cavity with a high proteinaceous material, suggesting an infected ranula. The cyst was surgically removed. The histopathological section of the excised specimen demonstrated a cyst line by epidermoid stratified squamous epithelium and ciliated respiratory mucosa, compatible with maturing cystic teratoma.

Sensitivity Analysis of Ex-Vessel Corium Coolability Models in MAAP5 Code for the Prediction of Molten Corium–Concrete Interaction after a Severe Accident Scenario

A postulated progressing severe accident scenario has been simulated using MAAP5 code with the focus on ex-vessel cooling of molten corium in the reactor cavity. Various parameters associated with the prediction of molten corium–concrete interaction (MCCI) are identified. Accordingly, a sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the impact of these parameters on the predicted cavity floor erosion depth during this MCCI postulated accident. The sensitivity index of each variable parameter is determined using the Cotter indices method and Sobol′ indices method. At the early stage of the accident, the predicted cavity floor erosion depth is found to be highly sensitive to the downward heat transfer coefficient parameter with Cotter and Sobol′ indices of 94% and 50%, respectively. At the late phase of the accident, however, the cavity floor erosion depth becomes sensitive to melt eruption (Cotter index of 40%), water ingression (Cotter index of 13%), and particulate bed (Cotter index of 15%) parameters alongside the downward heat transfer coefficient (Cotter index of 16%) with the melt eruption parameter becoming dominant. Thus, the sensitivity of the code′s predictions can be minimized by improving the physical models associated with these parameters. Moreover, the sensitivity indices of these parameters can be used by model developers to identify unimportant parameters in a bid to reduce the dimension of the problem with the aim of improving the current predictive capabilities to conduct MCCI-related safety analyses.

Study of Morphological Changes in the Inferior Turbinate After Le Fort I Osteotomy.

There are cases in which patients complain of nasal obstruction after Le Fort I osteotomy, but the relationship with postoperative morphological changes in the nasal cavity, including the septum and inferior turbinate, is not clear. The authors evaluated the three-dimensional relationship of the morphological changes in the inferior turbinate before and after surgery in 84 patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy. Three classifications were made according to superior amount of maxillary movement at the base of nasal cavity. The high elevation group (4.0 mm or more) had 31 sides, the moderate elevation group had 93 sides, and the low elevation group (less than 2.0 mm) had 44 sides. The volume of inferior turbinate was 76.9 ± 12.8% of that before surgery in the high elevation group. The high- and moderate-elevation groups had significantly higher changes than the low elevation group, and the rate of contact between inferior turbinate and nasal cavity floor was 67.7%. After Le Fort I osteotomy, the volume of inferior turbinate tissue decreased in proportion to the amount of elevation of the maxilla. Although the soft tissue volume may be reduced due to adaptation of respiratory function, the inferior nasal passage was not completely ventilated in the high elevation group. If the elevation exceeds 4.0 mm counterclockwise with maxillary movement, it is necessary to consider the concomitant inferior turbinate resection because it may lead to nasal obstruction.

Structure-based study to identify alkaloids as promising cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) inhibitors: An in silico approach using virtual screening, molecular dynamic simulations, and binding free energy calculation.

Carcinogens present in smokeless tobacco (SLT) like tobacco-specific nitrosamines can be metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme. Functionally, the CYP450 enzyme resides in a heme pigment to perform the catalytic activity. The CYP1A1 is one of the main extrahepatic CYP450 enzymes known to detoxify toxic substances and activate carcinogens. The CYP1A1 inhibition by potential inhibitors reduce the chance of oral cancer. The current study aimed to explore more about the inhibitor binding site and identification of lead alkaloids, that could work as putative inhibitors against target CYP1A1. In respect, we have performed docking studies, virtual screening of alkaloids, and natural product libraries against CYP1A1 followed by molecular dynamicsimulations and binding free energy calculations. Docking studies of tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) products and their similar carcinogen analogs revealed that the heme group is bound to the floor of the bowl-shaped cavity whereas carcinogens are bound to the roof of the rounded shape cavity. Furthermore, virtual screening and binding free energy calculations revealed Tomatidine as a putative inhibitor against CYP1A1. On the basis of altogether outcomes of the current study, we have concluded that the addition of lead-hit alkaloid Tomatidine and others in SLT products may be working as a supplement that could be able to reduce the expression of human CYP1A1 and suppresses carcinogenic by-products formations.

Investigation on flame characteristics approaching thermal chocking in a cavity-based supersonic combustor

This study experimentally investigated the combustion process in a cavity-based supersonic combustor at the inflow condition of Mach 2.92 with stagnation pressure 2.6 MPa and stagnation temperature 1530 K. Time-averaged flame distribution and oscillation characteristics were revealed by post-processing CH* chemiluminescence images. Wall pressures along the combustor bottom wall were also measured to provide quantitative information. Representative cascaded injection set-ups upstreaming the cavity were selected to compare ethylene flame characteristics. It is found that the combustion process is approaching thermal chocking when increasing the equivalence ratio to 0.8 according to the one-dimensional analysis of the Mach number distribution. At the same equivalence ratio, increasing the number of the cascaded injectors by lowering the injection pressure is not beneficial for the combustion enhancement, indicating that the injection pressure is also a key factor affecting the combustion heat release. However, increasing the injection pressure can cause obvious flame oscillations above the cavity as well as increasing the axis distance of the injectors. As a result, the injection scheme with two cascaded injectors which have the injection distance of 0.1 and 0.4 time the length of the cavity floor, respectively, upstreaming the cavity is suggested as a favorable scheme for scramjet applications.

Using machine learning and an electronic tongue for discriminating saliva samples from oral cavity cancer patients and healthy individuals.

The diagnosis of cancer and other diseases using data from non-specific sensors - such as the electronic tongues (e-tongues) - is challenging owing to the lack of selectivity, in addition to the variability of biological samples. In this study, we demonstrate that impedance data obtained with an e-tongue in saliva samples can be used to diagnose cancer in the mouth. Data taken with a single-response microfluidic e-tongue applied to the saliva of 27 individuals were treated with multidimensional projection techniques and non-supervised and supervised machine learning algorithms. The distinction between healthy individuals and patients with cancer on the floor of mouth or oral cavity could only be made with supervised learning. Accuracy above 80% was obtained for the binary classification (YES or NO for cancer) using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) with radial basis function kernel and Random Forest. In the classification considering the type of cancer, the accuracy dropped to ca. 70%. The accuracy tended to increase when clinical information such as alcohol consumption was used in conjunction with the e-tongue data. With the random forest algorithm, the rules to explain the diagnosis could be identified using the concept of Multidimensional Calibration Space. Since the training of the machine learning algorithms is believed to be more efficient when the data of a larger number of patients are employed, the approach presented here is promising for computer-assisted diagnosis.

Melanoma metastasis to the oral cavity: a rare case report and literature review

About 1% of oral cancers are metastases of primary tumors from other parts of the body. The most common primary tumors that metastasize to the oral cavity are placed in the lungs, kidneys, liver and prostate for men, while in women they are placed in the breasts, genital organs, kidneys and colon. The oral cavity is an unusual place for the metastatic spread of primary tumors, especially malignant melanoma, and is usually a sign of the widespread dissemination of the malignancy. When they occur, oral metastases are most often found in the jawbones. Most of the reported soft tissue oral melanoma metastases were localized in the tongue. We report a case of a 50-year-old female patient with a melanoma metastasis in the floor of the oral cavity. The treatment chosen was the transoral excision of the metastatic tumor of the mandibular mucosa and floor of the mouth. We chose this option primarily to relieve the patient's symptoms, so the therapeutic indication was palliative.

Effectiveness of Different Methods in Removing Dentin Caries of Primary Teeth: Micro-CT and SEM Evaluation.

With the recent improvements in technology, the expectation of minimal invasion and maximal comfort in caries removal techniques is increasing. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of six caries removal methods in primary teeth. Sixty primary molars (10 teeth in each groups) were used. The groups were: Group I (Tungsten Carbide Bur), Group II (Sono abrasion), Group III (Air abrasion), Group IV (Carisolv), Group V (Er:YAG Laser), Group VI (ART). In micro-CT scanning, mineral density at the cavity floor was examined before and after caries removal. After caries removal, the patency of the dentinal tubules was examined in two teeth from each group on SEM images. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon tests. For six different caries removal methods, tooth mineral (inorganic, total) densities at cavity floors were compared among the groups after the procedures, and no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). On the SEM images, it was seen that the dentinal tubules were exposed and no smear layer was formed in the Carisolv group. Significant rough surfaces were exposed in the laser group. It was observed that alternative caries removal methods are at least as effective as the traditional method in primary teeth for clinical applications.

Ignition Characteristics of Scramjet Combustor with Laser Ablation and Laser-Induced Breakdown

The ignition characteristics of an ethylene-fueled scramjet combustor with a cavity flame holder were experimentally investigated in a Mach 2.92 inflow using laser ablation (LA) and laser-induced breakdown (LIB). For the LA method, a 532 nm Nd:YAG laser was focused directly on the cavity floor composed of stainless steel. Meanwhile, for the LIB method, the laser was focused at 2 mm above the cavity floor to ignite the combustor. Optical techniques, including optical emission spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and schlieren imaging, were utilized to analyze the characteristics of the two different laser-induced plasmas. High-speed chemiluminescence imaging was employed to visualize the ignition process by the LA and LIB methods. The LA plasma could successfully ignite the flame at more positions than the LIB plasma with the same laser energy, showing an improved ignition capability due to the higher energy utilization, longer lifetime, and more components with a longer existence time than that of the LIB plasma. The initial flame kernel ignited by the LIB plasma could propagate faster than the LA plasma once the flame is successfully ignited, possibly due to the direct heat convection in the airflow.

The Layout of the Combustion Cavity and the Fracture Evolution of the Overlying Rock during the Process of Underground Coal Gasification

Based on the thermodynamic and elastodynamic theories, the controlling equation of temperature-stress coupling action on rocks containing random damage units is established by combining the Mogi-Coulomb damage criterion. And the numerical calculation model of combustion cavity expansion under temperature-stress coupling condition is established by using ABAQUS secondary development program. The fracture field evolution law during the expansion of the gasification cavity was studied under two conditions: perpendicular to (condition 1) and along the intermediate principal stress (condition 2). It is found that under the condition 1, the gasification cavity gradually forms a smaller fracture circle, while the surrounding rock at the floor of the gasification cavity generates a wide range of equivalent damage areas under the condition 2, which is unfavorable for practical engineering. The condition 1 deployment scheme is more practical in terms of the degree of rupture and the subsequent gasification process. The gasification cavity is obviously affected by the horizontal stress. When the horizontal stress is small, the stability of the surrounding rock is seriously damaged. It is necessary to fully consider the influence of in situ stress in the layout of the gasification cavity; at the same time, measures are added to the process to reduce the degree of rupture of the surrounding rock. The evolution law of the temperature field and rupture field of the surrounding pressure in the combustion cavity during the whole process of UCG was numerically simulated. The floor rupture zone develops gradually with the advancement of the working face of the combustion cavity, and deeper rupture zones appear in several areas, which need special attention in the engineering.

Local heat/mass transfer distributions on the bottom surface of a cavity exposed to an approaching turbulent boundary layer: Aspect ratio effects

We investigate convective transport from the bottom surface of rectangular cavities of depth d exposed to an oncoming boundary layer flow, using experimental and numerical techniques. The effects of cavity width W are explored for cavities with different lengths L in the downstream direction. Depending on the value of L/d (0.52≤L/d≤10), the approaching boundary layer separates and reattach on the bottom surface and establish a new boundary layer, or skims past the open face of the cavity. This results in significantly different convective transport coefficient distributions on the bottom surface. As cavity width is reduced, three-dimensional effects arise, with interaction of vortex systems on the cavity floor. Detailed spatial distributions of the transport coefficient are captured using a mass transfer technique based on naphthalene sublimation. Further insight into the flow structure responsible for the observed distributions is gained through numerical simulations using a k−ω SST model that is first validated using the experimental results by using a heat/mass transfer analogy factor. Flow streamlines from the computations are used to explain how the time averaged streamlines affect the heat transfer at the bottom surface.

Effect of Preheating and Vibration on Microhardness and Microleakage of Microhybrid Resin Composite (In Vitro Study)

BACKGROUND: Preheating and sonic vibration are two methods for the treatment of microhybrid resin composites that may effect on their mechanical and physical properties. AIM: This study was conducted to assess the effect of using preheating and sonic vibration on microhardness and microleakage of microhybrid resin composite METHODS AND MATERIALS: For microhardness test, a total of 30 samples of resin composite discs were prepared. Samples were divided into three groups according to the method of treatment of resin composite, controlled group (T0), preheated group (T1), and sonic vibration group (T2). Surface microhardness values were evaluated at baseline and after thermocycling. For microleakage test, a total of 30 Class-V cavities were prepared on the labial surfaces of extracted human anterior teeth. The cavities were then divided into three groups according to the method of resin composite treatment as mentioned before in the microhardness test. All samples were sectioned; then two-dimensional cross-sectional images from each sample. Each cross-sectional image was analyzed using Image J software to quantify interfacial microleakage at the cavity floor. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Two-way ANOVA analysis was used to test the effects of thermocycling on three groups of each test. One-way ANOVA was used to compare between three different methods of resin composite treatment. RESULTS: For microhardness at baseline revealed that the highest mean value was recorded for the control group, followed by the sonic vibration group meanwhile, the lowest mean value was recorded for the sonic vibration group, followed by preheated group at microleakage test. CONCLUSION: Preheating and sonic vibration of microhybrid resin composite does not improve its microhardness; however, sonic vibration provides better marginal adaptation than the preheating and the conventional methods.

Effects of C-factor on dentin bonding using various adhesive systems.

This study evaluated the effect of C-factor on the bond strength of a resin composite to floor and wall dentin using various adhesive systems. Four dentin substrates (flat wall, flat floor, cavity wall, or cavity floor) were prepared on human molars. Each specimen was restored with one of three adhesives; Clearfil SE Bond, Single Bond, or Clearfil tri-S Bond followed by buildup or filling using Z100 resin composite. The specimen was cut perpendicular to the bonded surface parallel to the floor or wall to obtain beams after light curing at 24,000 mJ/cm2. The microtensile bond strength to wall specimens or the cavity floor was determined. Data were analyzed. All adhesive systems exhibited the highest bond strength to flat wall group (p < 0.05). The bond strength to the cavity group was significantly lower than that to the respective flat group regardless of the bonding system (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in bond strength with Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil tri-S Bond between the cavity wall and cavity floor (p > 0.05). The findings suggested that the strength of bonding to the cavity floor and cavity wall was affected by C-factor regardless of the adhesive system. Bonding to flat wall was higher than flat floor regardless of the adhesive system. Self-etching system provided uniform bond to the cavity wall and cavity floor dentin. However, total etching system reduced bond to the cavity floor than to the cavity wall.

Effects of C-Factor on Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives to Floor and Wall Dentin in Class-I Composite Restorations.

To evaluate the effects of C-factor on the bond strength of universal adhesives to floor and wall dentin in class-I composite restorations using a bulk-fill composite. 108 non-carious humans third molars were randomly divided into four groups as follows: flat wall, flat floor, cavity wall, and cavity floor (n = 36). Then, each group was subdivided into three subgroups according to the type of adhesive used: Single Bond Universal, G-premio Bond (both universal adhesives), or Adper Single Bond 2 (an etch-and-rinse adhesive). After the bonding procedure, X-tra fill resin composite was applied in bulk to build up the flat surfaces or fill the cavities.Then the teeth were sectioned into 1-mm2 sticks and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was measured using a universal testing machine. µTBS (MPa) was analyzed by one-way, two-way, and three-way ANOVA using SPSS Version 23 (a = 0.05). Interactions between adhesives and bonding surfaces, as well as C-factor and bonding surfaces showed statistically significant differences, but the interaction between the C-factor and type of adhesive was not statistically significant. The comparison of bonded surfaces including the flat wall and the flat floor in Adper Single Bond 2 was statistically significant (p < 0.05), except for the cavity wall and cavity floor. Regardless of the type of adhesives, the C-factor reduced the µTBS of the composite resin to dentin. Adper Single Bond 2 mediated higher µTBS than did the universal adhesives G-premio Bond and Single Bond Universal.

Global and local modal characteristics of supersonic open cavity flows

Flows past cavities at high-speeds have become increasingly important in applications such as flame-holding and propulsion unstart control. Recently maturated linear techniques have helped discern the underlying mechanisms in the subsonic and low supersonic speed regime (M∞&amp;lt;1.4). Here, we combine these linear methods with fully non-linear two- and three-dimensional simulations to assimilate the significant changes observed when the Mach number is increased further to the 1.4≤M∞≤3 range. The resolvent method is first employed to analyze cavity-shear layer coupled oscillations and modal characteristics, which are found to differ in key respects from those reported at lower Mach numbers. At higher speeds, more 2D coupled modes are obtained with the dominant modes containing secondary waves displaying elaborate patterns. The role of the shear layer on the cavity dynamics is then examined with local spatial stability analyses. In addition to the well-known Kelvin–Helmholtz instability encountered in the subsonic and transonic regimes, forward-propagating (k+) supersonic shear layer instabilities are detected at higher speeds. These are associated with Mach wave reflections between the shear layer and the cavity floor and may introduce higher order coupled modes. Furthermore, 3D modal analysis indicates a shift toward the dominance of 3D modes compared to 2D modes; although consistent with compressible free shear layer observations, 2D cavity modes remain significant to higher convective Mach number. When the Reynolds number is increased, resolvent-based mode shapes and frequencies continue to compare favorably with Dynamic Mode Decomposition of large-eddy simulations because of inviscid instability dominance.

Highly-filled flowable composite in deep margin elevation: FEA study obtained from a microCT real model

ObjectivesTo evaluate shear stress (SS) and normal pressure (NP) at the tooth-restoration interface of highly-filled flowable resin composite applied to deep margin elevation technique through FEM analysis generated by a microCT scan. MethodsA reference maxillary molar with two class II cavities was prepared according to deep margin elevation protocol. A geometrical model was segmented from a micro-CT scan generating separate volumes of enamel, dentin and restorative materials. The 3D Finite Element (FE) model was subsequently built-up and an axial chewing load was simulated. Data concerning the tooth-restoration interface were analyzed in terms of SS and NP. Different materials and techniques were tested in order to evaluate the effects of the restorative material, the usage of a highly-filled flowable composite as liner and the substrate of the cervical area. ResultsBoth SS and NP presented similar distribution, but showed significant differences between tested materials. Composites showed more homogeneous behavior in stress distribution compared to ceramic. The use of a highly-filled flowable composite as liner on the cervical margin significantly reduced SS and NP on the cavity floor and the cervical margin area. Lastly, stress distribution in the cavity floor area varied according to the cervical margin substrate: enamel showed a protective role in stress distribution. SignificanceHighly-filled flowable resin composites showed encouraging results when applied to deep margin elevation from an interfacial mechanical point of view. Further studies are needed to validate these data and to better define the role of cervical enamel in stress distribution.

Facial Artery Musculomucosal Flap Operative Techniques.

Regional flaps are an important component of the reconstructive ladder and represent a versatile option in reconstructing various oral cavity defects. An axial buccal flap based on the facial artery, the facial artery musculomucosal flap, was first described by Pribaz et al. and has been shown to have good functional outcomes with minimal morbidity. Indeed, other surgeons have praised its favorable arc of rotation, reliability, and role as an alternative to free tissue transfer, with shorter duration of general anesthesia and allowance for earlier postoperative mobilization. The facial artery musculomucosal flap has significant versatility, as it can be superiorly or inferiorly based and can be performed in either single- or two-stage fashion. It is of particular advantage for reconstruction of the oral cavity (retromolar trigone, hard palate, alveolar ridge, lip, tongue, and floor of mouth), oropharynx (tongue base, lateral pharynx, and soft palate), and sinonasal structures. Despite its advantages, its widespread use has been limited by a lack of familiarity and difficulty in safely raising a reliable flap consistently. The senior author (S.C.D.) has successfully utilized a high volume of facial artery musculomucosal flaps with a low complication rate in a broad array of oral cavity and oropharyngeal defects. In this article, the authors share technical details on how to harvest and inset this flap by incorporating key landmarks in a reliable fashion.

Supersonic Cavity Flow Control Using a Spanwise Array of Leading-Edge Tabs

Motivated by the successful application of active control using segmented spanwise blowing, this work investigates passive flow control for a rectangular cavity in supersonic flow using a spanwise array of leading-edge tabs to reduce unsteady pressure loads on the cavity surface. The cavity studied here has a length-to-depth ratio of 6 and width-to-depth ratio of 6 with a turbulent boundary layer at the leading edge and a freestream Mach number of 1.4. Fluctuating surface pressure measurements within the cavity show that the leading-edge tabs have similar effectiveness as leading-edge blowing of the same spanwise wavelength in reducing pressure fluctuations on the cavity surfaces. Streamwise-aligned particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements show evidence of deflection of the shear layer at the cavity opening and modification of recirculation characteristics associated with the controlled flow. Furthermore, cross-stream stereoscopic PIV measurements reveal counter-rotating streamwise vortices, which persist throughout the cavity length. Proper orthogonal decomposition modes of cross-stream-aligned PIV measurements show that leading-edge tabs are successful in breaking up the flow into smaller-scale modes. Surface flow visualization of the cavity floor and aft wall show differences in the recirculation patterns for the baseline and controlled flows. The present analysis provides insights on how the passive tabs effectively control high-speed cavity flow and demonstrates that the control mechanisms are analogous to steady leading-edge blowing strategies.