Flipped Classroom Setting Research Articles

Unravelling The Level and Factors of Listening Comprehension Anxiety in ESL Flipped Classroom Setting

Language anxiety has been an essential topic of discussion in English language learning since it acts as a filter that obstructs the learning process. Listening comprehension is the foundation to learning a target language thus, listening comprehension anxiety can have negative effects on second language (L2) learners’ performance. Meanwhile, flipped classroom model (FCM) has been introduced to facilitate language learning through the use of technological instruments in order to minimise language anxiety among L2 students. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the level of listening comprehension anxiety faced by L2 learners as well as factors influencing listening comprehension anxiety in flipped classrooms. The Foreign Language Listening Anxiety Scale (FLLAS) by Kim (2000) comprised of 33 items was adapted and used as the primary data collection instrument for this research. Ninety-three (n = 93) diploma students from UiTM Kelantan Branch who enrolled in the ELC121 (Integrated Language Skills I) course participated in the survey. Descriptive analysis was utilised to achieve the objectives of this study. The survey findings indicated that L2 learners experienced a moderate level of listening anxiety in a flipped classroom setting. This paper elaborates on the main area in which students are most anxious while listening to English text, that is the listening text and the strategies used. This finding will give educators some insights on how educational technology could be used to help reduce listening comprehension anxiety and eventually help L2 learners overcome their listening learning difficulties and improve their performance. Future studies are suggested to focus on listening comprehension anxiety experienced by male and female students as well as the comparison in listening comprehension anxiety faced by young and adult learners in flipped classroom setting.

Empowering Students' Creative At The Utilization of Moodle-H5P with Flipped Classroom in Global Warming Learning to Enhance Students' Creative Attitudes

Fostering creative attitudes is essential in global warming learning, as it helps students think creatively and critically about complex environmental issues. This study aims to examine the impact of Moodle-based interactive media with H5P in flipped classroom settings on improving students' understanding of global warming in physics. The creative attitude indicators measured in this study include curiosity, imagination, collaboration, perseverance, risk-taking, openness to new experiences, independence and self-confidence in one's ideas, persistence, imagination and appreciation of fantasy, discipline and commitment to tasks, and collaboration and group trust. The research uses a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. Data were collected through tests, and analysis was conducted using ANOVA and N-Gain analysis. The findings reveal a significant improvement in students' creative attitude test scores after using Moodle H5P-based learning media, as shown by the ANOVA results. Additionally, the N-Gain analysis indicates that the improvement in students' creative attitudes falls into the moderate category. The use of Moodle H5P-based interactive media in a flipped classroom setting has a significant impact on enhancing students' creative attitudes, especially in understanding global warming. The use of Moodle H5P-based interactive media in a flipped classroom setting has a significant impact on enhancing students' creative attitudes towards understanding physics topics, particularly global warming.

Impacts of backgrounds on students’ self-regulated learning in a flipped classroom setting

ABSTRACT This study investigated the impact of students’ background variables (gender, grade level, and major) on their self-regulated learning in a flipped classroom setting. This study implemented the flipped classroom method in a general education course, “Data Science with Excel.” The “self-regulated learning skill scale” questionnaire was used to examine the impact of students’ self-regulated learning skills (goal setting, learning environment setting, learning strategy, time management, and help-seeking) in a flipped classroom for 66 valid participants. The results indicated that, in terms of the gender factor, females reported more help-seeking behaviors than males. It was also found that major had a significant influence on self-regulated learning. Students from the College of Humanities and Applied Science were more likely to manage their time and set goals to learn the course content in comparison with students from other colleges. However, the results did not show a significant difference between grade levels.

Evaluation of The Flipped Classroom Model on Students' Academic Achievement and Retention in MAN 1 Ambon

This study evaluates the impact of computer simulation and animation instructional packages in natural sciences on high school student's academic achievement and retention in a flipped classroom setting. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design, 30 students used the computer simulation package, and 29 students used the computer animation package. Data were collected via academic achievement and retention tests and analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests. The results showed significant improvements in academic achievement for both groups. The average post-test score increased from 28.52 to 70.35 in the computer simulation group and from 25.74 to 64.23 in the computer animation group. The t-test indicated no significant difference in academic achievement between the two groups (t = 1.98, p = 0.79). Retention scores showed a slight decrease from post-test to retention test but remained high, with average retention scores of 68.74 for the simulation group and 61.15 for the animation group. The t-test also revealed no significant difference in retention between the groups (t = 1.12, p = 0.66). The implications of this study suggest that using educational technology, such as computer simulations and animations, in a flipped classroom setting can significantly enhance students' academic achievement and knowledge retention. It underscores the importance of integrating technology into the educational curriculum to create a more inclusive, interactive, and effective learning environment. Additionally, these findings allow educators to choose the teaching methods that best suit their instructional needs and contexts, whether in resource-limited situations or when teaching complex concepts.

Peer-assisted learning augmented by peer counseling to foster academic and personal development in flipped classroom

AbstractIn recent decades, under the influence of technological advancements, evolving student demographics, and shifting societal demands, the landscape of higher education has undergone significant transformations. Among numerous learning approaches, Flipped Learning (FL) has gained particular prominence due to its ability to enhance students’ performance through active engagement and self-directed learning. Another teaching and learning linked to indicators of students’ academic achievements is Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL). However, previous research on PAL remains scarce. To fill this gap in the literature, the effects of the integration of Peer Counseling (PC) activity into PAL on both academic and personal development within the flipped classroom setting over time were investigated in the present study. The study participants were counseling students (n = 91), including 60 students in the PAL-integrated flipped classroom and 31 in traditional classroom used as the control group. The results revealed that, over a 14-week period, PAL-integrated flipped classroom led to improvement in students’ Solution-Focused Thinking (SFT) skills, self-efficacy, and effective counselor characteristics, with medium to large effect sizes. The results also indicated the positive effect of PC on students’ counseling performance and achievement scores. These findings offer important implications for creating a collaborative learning environment. The paper concludes with a discussion of challenges typically associated with the implementation of flipped classroom in higher education.

Development of Flipped Classroom Based Interactive Multimedia on Biodiversity Concept to Increase Students' Learning Motivation and Critical Thinking

Students' critical thinking skills are essential in 21st-century education. Certain students show a lack of enthusiasm for learning and have limited critical thinking skills. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of interactive multimedia in a flipped classroom setting on understanding biodiversity, with a particular focus on increasing learning motivation and critical thinking skills. The research employed a quasi-experimental method known as the nonequivalent control group design. Collecting samples using the cluster random sampling technique. The collection instruments include interviews, student needs questionnaires, validation questionnaires from media and material experts, learning objectives and teaching module flow questionnaires, teacher and student response questionnaires, learning motivation questionnaires, and critical thinking tests. Data analysis comes in a variety of forms, including initial study data analysis, feasible information analysis, practical information analysis, and effective information analysis. Feasibility has a score of 90.3% (very feasible), and practicality has a score of 91.2% (very practical). As well as the effectiveness of learning motivation with a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 0.05 and an N-Gain of 0.764 (high), besides critical thinking with a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.047 0.05 and an N-Gain of 0.706 (high). The research results show that interactive multimedia that utilizes the flipped classroom method is feasible, practical, and successful in increasing learning motivation and critical thinking skills. However, this interactive multimedia has only been implemented at senior high school 4 Muara Teweh, so it needs to be expanded to other schools and developed with other concepts

Effects of Action Learning Strategies and Reflection in Teaching Business Research Methods in Business and Management Education

In a rapidly changing business world, Research Methods (RM) and their application to real-world problems are becoming skills that equip students for the rest of their lives. Thus, there are ongoing debates about several practical and pedagogical challenges to teaching research methods. One of the questions to address challenges is how to make RM interesting to Business and Management (B&M) students. Addressing this issue becomes even more debatable for the large class seatings in an increasingly internationalised context. Arguably, to remain relevant, Management Education (ME) must reflect the realities that influence its subject matter, while at the same time addressing social needs and expectations. Therefore, introducing innovative and inclusive methods for learning, teaching and assessment is becoming undoubtedly important for shaping the future of ME. This article presents a reflective analysis of introduced innovative learning, teaching and assessment methods for teaching RM on one of the largest PG taught courses in one of the UK’s higher education institutions. In this course, students learn and develop a research proposal for the final PG project. The innovative methods employed in this course were to address the above-mentioned challenge, making RM more interesting for B&M students by improving an engagement. This was achieved by incorporating an active and action learning strategies in flipped classroom settings. The idea was to create an interactive environment where students could master technical information through Learning Set Conversation (LSC), Reflection, and Critical Analysis. Having, LSC about the Case Study, which was linked to research process, helped students to adopt multicultural environment and have a great experience while they were learning and developing their Research Proposal. In addition, introducing the weekly Reflective Work/Reflective Diaries submission as a form of assessment, helped students to keep Reflective Diaries, which allowed them to observe their own research practice and the lessons they have learnt. Effectiveness of the introduced methods and recommendations are based on the Mid-module feedback data which was taken form 3 different intakes between 2021-2023.

Use of Social Learning Tools Improves Engagement and Performance in Undergraduate Medical Physiology Education

Objective: We sought to increase engagement, reduce cognitive load, and foster self-directed learning while potentially improving exam performance by incorporating a social annotation tool (SAT) into a flipped classroom setting in an undergraduate medical education curriculum. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that using the SAT (Perusall) as preparatory material for a flipped classroom would increase engagement and academic performance compared to using a pre-recorded lecture video when teaching cardiovascular physiology. Methods: Within a first-year undergraduate medical physiology course, students (n=125) used the SAT to annotate assigned cardiovascular physiology readings before a flipped classroom session. This strategy was compared to the common practice of providing students with a pre-recorded lecture. Students took an assessment before and after to assess knowledge acquisition and engagement with both formats. Results: The SAT intervention identified an average time spent engaged with the material of 142.1 minutes ( n=125), with a pre- and post-assessment score improvement of approximately 20.25% (61.5% vs 82%; n=81). The pre-recorded one-hour lecture found that students engaged with the material, on average, for 51.45 minutes, corresponding to an average of 91% video completion. Findings from this lecture intervention showed the pre- and post-assessment scores improved by an average of 5% (71% vs. 76%; n=80). A paired sample t-test identified a significant difference between the percent improvement between quizzes for SAT (M=19.71, SD=26.374) and percent improvement for recorded lecture (M=6.57, SD=26.369); [t(69)=3.450, p=0.001]. The use of SAT enhanced academic performance in midterm and final exams. The average performance in questions that mapped back to the flipped classroom utilizing SAT text was 91% (n=6) , as compared to an average performance of 73% to those questions that mapped back to the online pre-recorded lecture (n=11 ). Conclusions: Incorporating SATs into a flipped classroom model increased engagement and academic performance versus passive lectures when teaching medical physiology. Our study provides support to the use of social learning tools to enhance active learning in undergraduate medical education. none. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Flipped Classroom: Effect on the Academic Performance and Motivation of Grade 8 Students in Mathematics

Teachers nowadays are being challenged due to continuous decrease in the analytical and numerical ability of the students. Strategies were continuously studied by teachers to address such concern answering also questions such as how students perceived flipped classroom setting as an aid to the teaching learning process. This study utilized descriptive quasi-experimental design through 189 Grade 8 students where it had found out that in terms of the Pre-Assessment results, most of the students are in the “did not meet expectation” category but still are motivated in terms of Performance Task Making, Problem Solving, Classroom Participation and Examination. In terms of the post-assessment results, most of the students are in the “satisfactory” category and are highly motivated in terms of Performance Task Making, and motivated in Problem Solving, Classroom Participation and Examination. There is a significant improvement in the academic performance of the students where post-assessment results showed higher mean score than the pre-assessment results. There is a positive significant relationship between Performance and Level of Motivation. The main issues and concerns of the students in the implementation of flipped classroom is the slow internet connection at school and at home. Thus, concludes that indeed Flipped Classroom Learning is a way to better improve education identifying the effect on the academic performance and motivation of students in mathematics noting also that internet connection plays a crucial role in this type of learning setting.

Different Methods of Teaching and Learning Dental Morphology.

Dental anatomy education is traditionally structured into theoretical and practical modules to foster both cognitive and psychomotor development. The theoretical module typically involves didactic lectures where educators elucidate dental structures using visual aids. In contrast, practical modules utilize three-dimensional illustrations, extracted and plastic teeth, and tooth carving exercises on wax or soap blocks, chosen for their cost, ease of handling, and fidelity in replication. However, the efficacy of these traditional methods is increasingly questioned. The criticism in this concern is that oversized carving materials may distort students' understanding of anatomical proportions, potentially affecting the development of necessary skills for clinical practice. Lecture-driven instruction, on the other hand, is also criticized for its limitations in fostering interactive learning, resulting in a gap between pre-clinical instruction and practical patient care. In this study, we review the various educational strategies that have emerged to enhance traditional dental anatomy pedagogy by describing the effectiveness of conventional didactic lectures, wax carving exercises, the use of real and artificial teeth, the flipped classroom model, and e-learning tools. Our review aims to assess each method's contribution to improving clinical applicability and educational outcomes in dental anatomy, with a focus on developing pedagogical frameworks that align with contemporary educational needs and the evolving landscape of dental practice. We suggest that the optimal approach for teaching tooth morphology would be to integrate the digital benefits of the flipped classroom model with the practical, hands-on experience of using extracted human teeth. To address the challenges presented by this integration, the creation and standardization of three-dimensional tooth morphology educational tools, complemented with concise instructional videos for a flipped classroom setting, appears to be a highly effective strategy.

Examining the efficacies of instructor‐designed instructional videos in flipped classrooms on student engagement and learning outcomes: An empirical study

AbstractBackgroundInstructional videos constitute a pivotal component in flipped learning. Despite their significance, there is a dearth of research specifically dedicated to instructional videos within the context of flipped classrooms. This paucity has led to an empirical void in verifying the efficacy of instructional videos in flipped learning environments.ObjectivesThe present study endeavours to contribute to the extant literature on flipped pedagogical practices by providing empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of instructional videos in flipped learning environments.MethodsThis study employs a convergent mixed‐methods design. Forty‐five instructional videos in three subtypes were administered in two classes over a 15‐week semester. Data, both quantitative (log data from the learning management system) and qualitative (from focus group discussions at two time points), were concurrently collected from a flipped class (n = 25) and a blended class (n = 28) with the aim of gauging student engagement and learning outcomes in the flipped class and understanding video‐viewing features typical of the flipped class.ResultsBoth datasets corroborated that participants in the flipped class outperformed their counterparts in the blended class in terms of video‐watching, peer interaction, knowledge retention, and transfer skills.ConclusionsThe instructional videos within the flipped classroom setting serve to enhance student engagement in the learning process and improve learning outcomes. The efficacy of these instructional videos in flipped learning can be further augmented through strategic approaches in both their design and implementation.

Sequence Modeling with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for Student Learning Behavior Pattern Recognition in a Flipped Classroom

The flipped classroom model has become increasingly popular in education, altering the traditional methods of teaching. It is important to understand and acknowledge how students learn within this framework in order to optimize instructional strategies and promote personalized learning. This study investigates the use of Sequence Modeling with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to identify patterns in student learning behavior within a flipped classroom setting. The proposed deep learning architecture utilizes RNNs to analyze sequential patterns in students' interactions with the flipped classroom materials, while also incorporating attention mechanisms to better detect important patterns and temporal dynamics in the learning process. Multimodal learning techniques are also employed, combining data from various sources to gain a comprehensive understanding of student behavior. Additionally, clustering techniques using autoencoders are explored to group students with similar learning behaviors. Predictive models, such as RNN or LSTM networks, are developed to forecast future learning behaviors and provide insights into potential challenges or successes for individual students. The effectiveness of this framework is evaluated using real-world data from flipped classroom implementations, with performance metrics like recall, precision, and accuracy used to assess the success of the sequence modeling approach in recognizing and predicting student behavior patterns. Overall, the application of deep learning methods, specifically sequence modeling with RNNs, demonstrates potential for improving personalized learning experiences and facilitating proactive interventions to support diverse student needs.

Exploring the Impact of Teacher Role Changes in the Flipped Classroom Model on the Critical Thinking Abilities of University Students

This study investigates the impact of teacher role changes within the flipped classroom model on the critical thinking abilities of Canadian university students. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the study combines quantitative data from pre- and post-tests using the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) with qualitative insights from student and teacher interviews. The quantitative analysis revealed statistically significant improvements in students’ critical thinking abilities in flipped classroom settings, particularly in analysis, inference, and evaluation skills, indicating a medium to large effect size (η² = 0.111). Qualitative findings underscore the importance of increased student engagement, enhanced learning environments, the value of collaborative learning, and the pivotal role of teacher support and feedback in facilitating critical thinking development. Integrating these findings, the study offers a multifaceted view of how strategic pedagogical shifts—specifically, adopting more facilitative and supportive roles by teachers—can significantly enhance critical thinking in higher education. This research contributes to the literature on educational strategies, advocating for the broader adoption of flipped classroom models as a means to foster active, student-centered learning and critical thinking skills.

ChatGPT, a partnering tool to improve ESL learners’ speaking skills: Case study in a Public University, Malaysia

The emergence of ChatGPT, an OpenAI chatbot, has revolutionised our education system to a new phase. It is an innovative approach to future learning, including in the English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom. Since its inception, ChatGPT has been remarkably used by most educators and learners. Nevertheless, its application in the flipped classroom, especially in enhancing ESL learners’ speaking skills, is notably an innovative and novel phenomenon. Besides, educators’ challenges in giving instant feedback to learners and creating an engaging learning environment in the flipped classroom emerged as a crucial consideration. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of ChatGPT as a partnering tool in developing ESL learners’ speaking skills in the flipped classroom setting in a Malaysian public university. This study also scrutinises ESL learners’ challenges in using ChatGPT to develop speaking skills. The researchers employ a mixed-method design incorporating a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and focus group interviews. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, while the qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis. The findings of this study offer significant implications for various stakeholders in the educational industry. Policymakers, course designers, educators, learners, and even the Ministry of Education will obtain valuable insights, especially in decision-making, innovative teaching approaches, and learners’ speaking abilities in the ESL flipped classroom.

Insights Into Modern Undergraduate Ultrasound Education: Prospective Comparison of Digital and Analog Teaching Resources in a Flipped Classroom Concept - The DIvAN Study.

Purpose Sonography training has become an important part of university medicine courses. This study explores the impact of digital and analog teaching resources on learning outcomes, knowledge retention, and student preferences and motivation in a flipped classroom setting. Materials and Methods This prospective controlled study involving two groups of third-year medical students included a voluntary three-day compact ultrasound course given in a flipped classroom, comprising 26 teaching units of 45 minutes each. Hardcopy lecture notes (control group) and E-learning (study group) were used as teaching resources. Evaluations were conducted before (pre) and during the preparation phase (intermediate), and after (post) the face-to-face course. Likert scale responses, written theory tests with very short answer questions (Theorypre, Theoryinter, Theorypost), and practical examinations (Practiceinter, Practicepost) were used for student self-assessment and to measure attitude, motivation, as well as theoretical and practical skills. Results A total of N=236 complete data sets (study group n=136; control group n=100) were analyzed. Both groups showed an equivalent initial level of, and a continuous and significant (p<0.01) increase in, subjective and objective skills over the evaluated time frame. The study group achieved significantly (p<0.05) better results in Theoryinter, Theorypost, Practiceinter, and Practicepost. The study group evaluated their teaching resource and the training concept significantly (p<0.05) better. Conclusion The integration of digital resources into sonography education provides comparable learning outcomes to traditional analog materials, enhancing the preparatory phase. In the future, digitally supported training should be used more.

Application of Business Simulation Games in Flipped Classrooms to Facilitate Student Engagement and Higher-Order Thinking Skills for Sustainable Learning Practices

It is very important to adopt innovative digital technologies in educational systems to overcome the challenges in modern learning environments, especially in the post-COVID-19 era. The fourth Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of the 2030 Agenda is supported by new educational trends that consider game-based learning as a pedagogical method in the classroom. Teaching sustainability management in higher education institutions with innovative digital tools plays a fundamental role in the transition toward sustainable societies. Suitable game design elements play a significant role in facilitating sustainable learning. This study explored the effectiveness of incorporating business simulation games with project-based learning (PBL) in a flipped classroom setting. This approach was adopted within the context of a university cross-border e-commerce course to prepare students for acquiring 21st-century skills such as higher-order thinking skills in a rapidly changing educational landscape. A quasi-experimental method was employed, involving a total of 60 university students from China’s Zhejiang Province. Participants completed an online questionnaire designed to assess their learning engagement across three dimensions (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral) as well as their higher-order thinking skills (problem-solving, critical thinking, and creativity). The results show that the business simulation games combined with flipped classroom learning had a significantly positive impact on students’ learning outcomes, enhancing their problem-solving, critical thinking, and creative capabilities. Importantly, this approach also improved student engagement and promoted sustainable practices by applying real-life scenarios in an interactive environment. We conclude that business simulation games integrated with project-based learning (PBL) in flipped classroom settings represent a valuable educational approach. This approach not only enhances learning engagement but also fosters the development of higher-order thinking skills, encouraging students to adopt sustainable learning practices.

Screen distractions and vocabulary gains in Memrise mobile-assisted vocabulary learning (MAVL) setting

Despite the significance of investigating the impact of screen distractions on mobile-assisted vocabulary learning (MAVL), research in this area is limited. This experimental study investigated the impact of screen distractions on participants’ Memrise MAVL experience. It employed an exploratory case study design in an EFL flipped classroom setting and examined the impact of a two-week Memrise MAVL experience on participants' vocabulary gains, time spent on the process, engagement with screen activities, and the effect of screen distractions. The results showed no significant differences in the completion of target units between the control and experimental groups. However, there was a significant difference in the total amount of screen distractions among individuals in both groups. The study also found significant correlations between participants’ total finished target words and other dependent variables. The linear regression test indicated a strong correlation between total screen distractions and participants' finished target words. Although screen distractions did not significantly affect individual performance on vocabulary gains, they did contribute to the total time spent on the process. Overall, this study highlights the potential of mobile-based apps in self-directed and independent vocabulary learning within the flipped classroom setting.

Staj oryantasyon programında Oyunlaştırma modelinin uygulanması: Bangladeş'teki özel üniversite bağlamından önerilen bir kavramsal model

Despite being the 8th most densely populated country in the world, Bangladesh is one of the countries with the most underdeveloped manpower resources in the world. In order to stimulate learning within the masses, the demand for flipped classroom settings and innovative phenomena like gamification can appear as a solution. The aim of this conceptual paper was to explore gamification as a teaching mechanism for the pre-internship training for the graduate school students. Based on literature analysis and from our observation of the internship program, we have proposed two process flow diagrams that attempt to integrate the mechanisms of gamification within the internship program. The proposed models integrate the ideas from goal-setting theory, behavioral reinforcement theory, self-determination theory and social-comparison theory.

Screen distractions during Memrise MALL experience: Course-of-action study on students’ performance and perception

This study employed Course-of-Action methodology in a mixed-methods approach to examine the impact of screen distractions on Memrise MALL experience in an EFL flipped classroom setting. An Exploratory Sequential Design was utilized to analyze the two-week Memrise MALL experience and its impact on the screen behaviors of 46 Indonesian first-year university students. Descriptive and nonparametric inferential statistics were employed to analyze the quantitative data, while confrontative interview data were transcribed and encoded using in vivo coding to mark key phrases in the participants' comments. Results of the study indicated that social media and entertainment apps were the most common type of distraction and that these distractions had a detrimental effect on task performance. The participants expressed their appreciation for the customizable learning experience and found the app layouts and gamification features were encouraging; however, they found it challenging to switch between multiple tabs or windows on a mobile screen. There was a small correlation between total screen distractions and total vocabulary learned, as well as a strong correlation between total screen distractions and the total time spent on the task.

Improving students’ geography achievement using computer simulation and animation packages in flipped classroom settings

The deployment of innovative and learner-centered approaches into teaching and learning has strong potential of improving students’ learning outcomes. The study compared the effectiveness of computer simulation and animation instructional packages in flipped classroom settings on secondary school students’ achievement and retention in geography. The study adopted a pre-/post-test, non-equivalent, non-randomized quasi-experimental control group design. A sample of 126 senior secondary school class two (SS2) geography students was purposively drawn from two intact classes in Minna Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria as participants for the study. The two intact classes were randomly assigned to experimental group I (computer simulation package, n=67) and experimental group II (computer animation package, n=59) in flipped classroom settings. A 50-item geography achievement test (GAT) was used for data collection, while computer simulation and computer animation instructional packages were administered to students as treatment in flipped classroom settings. The face and content validity of GAT was carried out using experts in the field of geography, educational technology and computer science from Federal University of Technology, Minna. GAT was further subjected to pilot testing, and a reliability coefficient of 0.85 was obtained using test re-test method and PPMC formula. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics of t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that computer simulation (mean gain=41.70) and computer animation (mean gain=38.32) instructional packages in flipped classroom settings improved students’ achievement and retention of geography concepts. Also, no significant difference was found in the mean achievement (t=.05, df=124, p=0.63) and retention (t=2.04, df=124, p=0.82) scores of the two groups. It was therefore recommended that teachers should incorporate technology-based flipped classroom instructional strategies into teaching and learning of geography in order to improve students’ learning outcomes in the subject.