Flip-flop Effect Research Articles

フリップ・フロップ効果に及ぼす酸化チタン粒子径の影響

フリップ・フロップ効果に及ぼす酸化チタン粒子径の影響

A flip-flop interferometer

A Michelson interferometer containing a polarizer in one arm is excited by a quasi-isotropic single-mode laser. The light fed back in the laser imposes two perpendicular states of polarization with abrupt flips when frequency or distances are varied. We describe an experiment made with an He-Ne laser working on the 3.39 μm line and showing the feasibility of the flip-flop effect in this case.

Effect of fine-particle interactions on minor loops: Magnetic flip-flop

Minor hysteresis loops often do not close on themselves on the first cycle. Neel described three phenomena which have this effect: Magnetic aftereffect (trainage magnetique), creep (reptation) and magnetic flip-flop (bascule). The flip-flop is due to interaction fields attaining values during the minor Joop which had not been attained previously. This may cause the first minor loop to cross itself (positive effect), or to remain unclosed (negative effect). In the region where the Preisach diagram is statistically stable, we have analyzed the effect of changing interaction fields as a perturbation. If interactions between pairs of magnetic grains are considered we conclude that the flip-flop effect should be negative for a minor loop with one vertex on the major loop. This result implies that the minor loop actually goes outside of the major loop at the end of its first cycle. Neel has demonstrsted that this is possible for a two particle system. We conclude that a minor loop extending outside of the major loop should be observable in fine grained magnetic material with a low packing factor.