Online Work Research Articles

Методи і форми комунікації з відвідувачами в освітній діяльності музею Голодомору

The modern museum performs a large number of functions, among which it is worth emphasizing those that affect the formation of the worldview of youth, as well as the preservation and development of civil society as a whole. The National Museum of the Holodomor-Genocide highlights the history associated with social trauma, which makes the choice of methods and approaches used to carry out this mission become even more important. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to show the ways of interaction with visitors of different ages, which are used in the work of the educational department of the Holodomor Museum. The study provides an overview of the main types of educational activities for schoolchildren offered by the Museum. The main objectives of these activities are familiarization with the problem of protecting human rights, analysis of sources on the history of the Holodomor (photos, posters, diaries, eyewitness accounts of genocide and archival documents), formation of critical thinking skills (in particular, the ability to recognize fakes in the media) and drawing attention to the importance of studying one‘s own family history. Also the article tells about the emphases that are significant while working with children and teenage audiences and talking about traumatic events. Great attention is paid to interactive tools of working with visitors in the museum, in particular the use of video, animation, and other media tools when creating online tours and lessons. Online work with visitors has become especially relevant since 2020. For this purpose, we adapted some educational lessons and created tours in an online format, which consist of communication with the guide and watching a pre-prepared video tour. Such tours are created in two versions, in accordance with the age of students (6–12 years old and over 13 years old). The video tour for teenagers and adults uses historical documents, photographs, fragments of newsreels and video testimonies of Holodomor witnesses, as well as exhibits from the museum collection and stock materials. To develop lessons for younger students, the means of playing and storytelling were used, and the video tour for children 6–12 years old was illustrated with the help of sand animation, which allows showing the exposition and telling about the Holodomor to younger listeners without hurting them. Keywords: Holodomor Museum, Holodomor, communication, online tours, educational tours and lessons, museum audience, accessibility

The Role of Emotional Intelligence in HR Leadership: Building Strong Teams in a Multigenerational

Emotional intelligence (EI) has been recognized as a crucial factor in human resources (HR) leadership, especially in building strong teams within a multigenerational work environment. This study aims to explore the role of emotional intelligence in HR leadership in addressing the challenges posed by diverse generational dynamics. Using a qualitative approach and case study method across several multinational companies, this research examines how HR leaders with high emotional intelligence can enhance team cohesion, facilitate effective communication, and manage intergenerational conflicts. The findings reveal that HR leaders with strong EI skills are better equipped to understand the emotional needs of employees across different age groups, ultimately helping to foster an inclusive and productive work environment. Leaders with high EI are also more responsive to the evolving needs of employees, from Baby Boomers to Generation Z, thus creating a flexible workplace culture that supports individual development. Challenges in applying EI in HR leadership are identified in the areas of differing values, communication styles, and expectations between generations, which can hinder team integration if not properly addressed. This study concludes that emotional intelligence is an essential competency for HR leaders to create cohesive and competitive teams within multigenerational organizations. Recommendations include developing EI training programs, adapting leadership strategies that are responsive to generational diversity, and raising awareness of the importance of EI in fostering team synergy.

Can Inclusive Leadership Foster Flexible Workplaces? A Comprehensive Review and Analysis

Can Inclusive Leadership Foster Flexible Workplaces? A Comprehensive Review and Analysis

How do working conditions change for in-person versus digital work? The case of schoolteachers

Abstract Background Telework has significantly increased in Europe and internationally in the aftermath of COVID-19 lockdowns, with estimates of 22% of Europeans now doing some form of telework. However, it is unclear how working conditions for the same job differ when work is conducted in-person versus digitally, and if occupational health risks can be considered as equal across formats. Our study addressed the profession of school teaching to examine online working conditions versus those for in-person teaching. Methods To allow for close consideration of employment contexts, a qualitative study was conducted. Focus groups and interviews took place in 2023-24 with 45 teachers and tutors who teach from kindergarten to secondary grades across Canada. Results We found that online teaching added to emotional labour of teaching work and involved new occupational exposures. These included challenges with engaging students via cameras and microphones, digital surveillance of teachers by parents and students, unwanted exposure to students’ intimate home lives, and technostress. Conclusions The work of being an online teacher was very different than teaching in-person, yet there has been slow recognition of working condition differences for understanding of OHS exposures and for collective agreements. Key messages • In the context of a significant expansion of telework, assumptions cannot be made that the job conditions and exposures are the same job when performed in-person or at-home. • These differences will need to be recognized in job agreements and occupational risk assessments.

Behind the screen: The perception–reality gap in cybersexual harassment between remote coworkers

This study examines the perception–reality gap regarding the influence of technological affordances on cybersexual harassment (CSH) between remote workers. While previous research has recognized the existence of gender stereotypes and discrimination in online spaces, little attention has been given to how technological affordances impact—or are perceived to impact—incidents of CSH. By employing a theoretical framework of technological affordances, this study reveals that users often perceive affordances differently from how they utilize them, indicating a misalignment between perception and behavior. Our analysis of interviews with 30 remote knowledge workers extends affordances theory by showing that affordances are not always applied in the ways they are perceived, and that power dynamics and structural inequalities outweigh technological affordances in shaping reporting behaviors. Addressing this perception–reality gap is crucial for developing interventions and policies that accurately reflect the realities of CSH experiences and promote a safe online work environment.

Online Sex Work of Women on OnlyFans: Oppression or Empowerment?

Online Sex Work of Women on OnlyFans: Oppression or Empowerment?

Gender differences in the added (home) worker effect

This study combines the literature on home production and on the added worker effect as households’ self-insurance mechanisms against unemployment. Exploiting Dutch panel data with detailed information on time use categories and subjective job loss expectations, we estimate the causal effect of an unforeseen job loss on spouses’ time use decisions regarding paid work and home production. In the analysis we explicitly differentiate between males and females who experience sudden unemployment. We find no effect on the intensive or extensive margins of spousal labor supply or on spousal time in home production.

Influence of Online Work Viral Anxiety Mediates the Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Personal Injunctive Norms on Adherence to Physical Distancing among Bank Support Provider

This study investigates the role of viral anxiety as a mediator between personal injunctive norms, intolerance of uncertainty, and adherence to physical distancing among bank support staff in Pakistan. The research addresses a critical gap in understanding how psychological factors, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, influence employee behaviour in high-stress environments, particularly in the rapidly digitizing banking sector. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 150 bank support employees through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that viral anxiety significantly mediates the relationship between personal injunctive norms and physical distancing, indicating that anxiety about virus exposure is a key driver of compliance with safety protocols. However, the direct effects of personal injunctive norms and intolerance of uncertainty on physical distancing were not significant when viral anxiety was accounted for, suggesting that anxiety overshadows other psychological factors in influencing behaviour. These results highlight the need for organizations to address viral anxiety through targeted interventions to ensure employee well-being and adherence to health guidelines in the workplace. The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of health-related behaviours in organizational settings and offers practical implications for managing employee anxiety in the context of public health crises.

The rights of a remote worker as a guarantee of unhindered performance of the labor function

The rights of a remote worker as a guarantee of unhindered performance of the labor function

‘Meeting God in an ordinary place’. What can we learn from Coffee Shop Sunday about meeting God using the internet to encourage and develop fellowship?

ABSTRACT All are welcome at the ‘common table’ to enjoy the ‘table talk’. How does Coffee Shop Sunday (CSS) (Coventry and Nuneaton Methodist Circuit Project) reflect that alongside pointing people to Jesus? CSS began a worship service in a Coventry Costa Coffee Shop in December 2019, this was severely disrupted with covid-19 restrictions and their concept of ‘meeting God in an ordinary place’ moved online. The internet through Facebook and Zoom became the ordinary place they met God. Since March 2020, the online work has grown from initially meeting four days a week to daily activities with participants from five continents. Two of the principles of CSS are encouragement and fellowship. The paper will explore (1) How the internet became the ‘ordinary’ place to meet God for people from different denominations and cultures. (2) How fellowship is experienced, using Russell’s ‘round table ecclesiology’ model where those present participate in a way which reflects their own journey of ‘faith and struggle’. (3) How does CSS point other people to Jesus through its activities. Barth emphasises that churches or a Christian’s activities should not focus on themselves but ‘point to Jesus’. By reviewing CSS activities, I will demonstrate that they point others to Jesus.

Perception of voice and hearing in teachers who carry out classes online in Chile

Introduction: Teachers are vulnerable to vocal and hearing health problems due to the characteristics of their work, such as prolonged use of the voice and exposure to noise. This study seeks to establish the relationship between the type of audio device used, volume, hours of online work, and teachers' self-perception of voice and hearing.Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 462 teachers (378 women and 84 men) between 21 and 40 years of age. An online survey was applied that collected data on the use of audio devices, sound level, and self-perception of voice. Significant differences by sex were analyzed and correlations were determined using statistical tests.Results: The results show that women tend to use more built-in microphones and speakers than men and report a more negative perception of their voice compared to men. A significant correlation (0.8999, p<0.00001) was found between the number of hours of online teaching and voice perception, where longer working time is associated with worse self-perception.Conclusions: Teachers mainly use built-in microphones and speakers, and their voice perception deteriorates as the hours of online class work increase. The need to implement prevention programs in vocal health and the use of devices that minimize the impact of environmental noise on their performance is highlighted.

Understanding subjective well-being across a multi-generational workforce in public relations: a qualitative study

PurposeThe current inquiry advances the public relations field and practice in several ways. First, this research addresses a clear gap in research on subjective well-being, specifically among PR professionals across career stages and generations. Second, the findings reveal important generational similarities and differences in how PR practitioners talk about well-being. This provides an empirical basis for developing tailored, multi-generational approaches to supporting well-being in PR workplaces. Lastly, this research provides practical implications for PR professionals to understand generational perspectives and to implement flexible policies to improve well-being.Design/methodology/approachThe current study explored subjective well-being (SWB) across generations of public relations professionals. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 PR practitioners at various career levels – entry, mid-level and senior.FindingsAnalysis revealed several similarities but a key disparity among cohorts. Senior-level professionals specifically reported struggling with work–life balance and the perceived ability to be autonomous, while entry-level professionals expressed commitment to setting boundaries on their time. These findings highlight a need for the PR industry to establish flexible workplace standards that enable employees at different career stages to collaborate and support one another’s well-being.Practical implicationsOur findings will appeal to your readers who seek to cultivate employee subjective well-being and understand generational issues via qualitative methods. By conducting a qualitative study in an understudied area, PR industry leaders and managers can support employee well-being across generations and career stages.Originality/valueOur study is the first to examine generational dispositions as it relates to SWB across the public relations industry.

Exploring Online Group Work through Connectivism Theory

Exploring Online Group Work through Connectivism Theory

Peculiarities of working conditions for employees with a remote form of employment

Today, the problem of improving working conditions and improving their organization is quite urgent, in particular, the issue of working conditions for workers with non-standard forms of employment, in particular remote employment, which is gaining importance today, needs to be resolved. The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of working conditions for employees with remote employment, to identify problems and to propose ways to eliminate them. It is noted that with the appearance of non-typical (non-traditional) forms of employment on the domestic labor market, both practitioners and scientists are increasingly questioning the employer’s ability to fulfill the duty assigned to him to guarantee employees whose work does not fit into the traditional framework of labor relations, safe and healthy working conditions. Therefore, the employer using this type of employment should also take care of additional protection of employees, in particular, in matters of occupational health and safety, especially today, when the danger is different, external, military. At the same time, analyzing the current labor legislation, it was established that the employer is responsible only for “the safety and proper technical condition of the equipment and means of production, which are transferred to the employee to perform remote work”, and he does not have the obligation to ensure safe and harmless working conditions for the employee. Therefore, supporting other researchers of this issue, it is suggested that among the special conditions of the labor contract on remote work, there should also be a condition on ensuring labor safety, in order to oblige the employer to ensure the safety of the work of employees of the remote form of employment, in particular, to make sure that the assigned work can be performed safely at home by such an employee, has appropriate equipment and tools for safe work at home, received appropriate information, instructions and training (including in the event of an emergency), and also took measures to ensure the physical and psychological well-being of employees. Since remote work should not entail any restrictions on the scope of labor rights of employees, that is, a remote worker should have the same rights and obligations as other employees.

Utilizing Selected Machine Learning Methods for Conicity Prediction in the Process of Producing Radial Tires for Passenger Cars

This article presents the current state and development directions of the tire industry. One of the main requirements that a tire must meet before it can leave the factory is achieving values of quantities describing uniformity at a defined level. Of particular importance areconicity and the components of the tire with the greatest impact on its value. This research is based on the possibility of using an ANN to meet contemporary challenges faced by tire manufacturers. In order to achieve a satisfactory level of prediction, we compared the use of a multi-layer perceptron and decision trees XGBoost, LightGbmRegression, and FastTreeRegression. Based on data analysis and similar examples from the literature, metrics were selected to evaluate the models’ ability to solve regression problems in relation to the described problem. We selected the best possible solution, standing at the top of the features covered by the criterion analysis. The proposed solutions can be the basis for acquiring new knowledge and contributions in the field of the computational analysis of industrial data in tire production. These solutions are characterized by the required accuracy and efficiency for online work, and they also contribute to the creation of the best fit elements of complex systems (including computational models). The results of this study will contribute to reducing the volume of waste in the tire industry by eliminating defective tire parts in the early stages of the production process.

Creativity and Emotional Exhaustion in Virtual Work Environments: The Ambiguous Role of Work Autonomy.

To analyze the relationship between creativity and emotional exhaustion, along with the role assumed by work autonomy in this link, in an online work context. The sample was formed of 448 employees with university studies. The statistical analysis was conducted through a simple moderation process. Creativity and work autonomy mitigate emotional exhaustion. In fact, work autonomy plays a moderating role regarding the relationship between creativity and emotional exhaustion. Control over work surely reduces the impact of work-related stressors, and this safety climate promotes adaptive and original responses that improve employees' emotional health. However, when creative demands coincide with an autonomy that extends working hours, instead of establishing limits, this supposed benefit becomes a demand that prevents employees from disconnecting, until emotionally exhausting them. A virtual work environment is an ideal habitat for creativity and self-management to improve employees' emotional health, as long as work autonomy acts as a resource.

Navigating the gig economy in Romania: unveiling perceptions of working on on-demand platforms

Purpose This paper aims to explore the realm of gig work and the gig economy in Romania in an attempt to shed light on the mechanisms of this type of work and the reasons and benefits of engaging in gig-related activities.Considering the low conceptual consensus on gig work, the authors aim to explore how participants in this study define and refer to gig work, thus helping to contribute to the current conceptualization and characterizations of gig work and the gig economy. Among the wide range of services encountered within the gig economy, this research focuses on three categories of tasks, as defined within COLLEEM 2018 questionnaire (see Pesole et al., 2018), namely, online creative and multimedia work, online sales and marketing support and online software development and technology work. Design/methodology/approach Based on semistructured interviews with people working in the gig economy in Romania, the authors look to understand the meaning given to gig work and its features. The authors tackle how participants in this study perceive themselves and their work. The authors also look into perceived similarities and differences with other types of independent work. Findings In this paper, findings are organized into two main sections. The first section showcases perceptions about working in the gig economy, including how people involved with this type of work are describing them and their activity and exploring financial insecurities in connection with the independent/gig work. The second section highlights the mechanisms of gig work on digital labor platforms, developing means and ways of reputation-building and their impact on financial earnings. Originality/value This research aims to contribute to a better understanding of the environment and needs of gig workers. Although gig economy and online work are widely covered by field literature, knowledge about the experiences and perceptions of gig workers in emerging markets has more to gain by exploring European Union developing markets.

My home is my new office: The relationship between environmental comfort, workplace attachment, and psychological needs in the context of remote working

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more organizations have implemented remote working, and more and more workers have experienced an overlap between home and work environments. Home environments, therefore, had to be readjusted in their spatial configurations to meet and satisfy the needs of workers. Through the lens of Self-Determination Theory, the study aims to investigate how perceived remote workplace environment quality indicators (PRWEQIs) can contribute to greater home working engagement through the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs and attachment to the home workplace. The research consists of two cross-sectional studies. The first one examines how the place-related needs of autonomy, competence, and relationship, satisfied by the home working place features, can mediate the effect of perceived comfort on home workplace attachment. The second study analyzes how comfort and workplace attachment can contribute to satisfying the same needs referred to the job activities, thus generating greater engagement in the home worker. The research provides supportive empirical evidence that workplace attachment can also be developed under home working conditions.

Behavior guidelines of university academics during the pandemic

The objective of this descriptive study aimed to identify the behavioral patterns of academics from a research institute in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic. The instrument used was a questionnaire validated before its application, and once corrections were made to the instrument, it was applied by digital means to a convenience sample made up of 22 academics from a research institute of the Universidad Veracruzana in Mexico. Some of the results found were: the academics highlighted some positive situations of their academic activity in the digital channel such as time savings, remote work, and the development of technological teaching-learning skills. Significant portion of academics felt sufficiently trained for digital interaction with their students, despite the fact that the majority of them did not receive emerging training to be able to face the needs of digital teaching. On the other hand, it was found that there were difficulties with online work, more time was spent at work and there was a greater workload, technological and interaction problems. Furthermore, the teachers identified that the students' decline in student performance.

Enhancing physical fitness through Crossfit for 15-16-year-old high school students

Background and Study Aim. CrossFit represents a high-intensity functional training that has recently gained popularity among the youth. At the same time, restrictions imposed by military actions require different approaches to organizing CrossFit sessions. The most acceptable solution in such a situation is online education and training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of CrossFit sessions within the framework of remote physical education on the physical fitness indicators of high school students. Materials and Methods. The study involved 27 students (aged 15-16 years) from a 10th-grade class at a school located in a war conflict zone (Kharkiv, Ukraine). The group consisted of 11 boys and 16 girls. Due to the military conflict and corresponding restrictions, physical education was conducted remotely. Physical education classes were held three times a week, lasting 45 minutes each. The structure of the lesson included 30 minutes of synchronous online work with the teacher and 15 minutes for independent task completion. Tests aimed at measuring strength, endurance, flexibility, and speed were used to assess the impact of CrossFit programs on physical fitness. Data were collected at the beginning and end of the experiment. The experiment was conducted over 8 weeks. Testing was carried out at home by students under the control and guidance of the teacher via video link during the first three lessons. Results. The test results confirm improvement in all indicators. The boys increased their plank hold duration from 48 seconds to 53 seconds, and the girls from 46 seconds to 52 seconds. In the squat series, an increase in indicators was noted: for boys from 21 to 25 in the third series. Girls also showed significant improvement across all squat series. The boys' speed-strength indicators improved from 43 cm to 46 cm. Girls demonstrated improvement in performing "Burpees" within 60 seconds, increasing the number of repetitions from 8 to 12. Conclusions. The study results indicate that CrossFit effectively enhances the physical fitness of high school students. However, the improvement in girls occurs to a slightly lesser extent compared to boys. This may be due to the initial level of physical fitness and individual physiological characteristics.