Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the commodity polymers of the highest worldwide consumption still in continuous evolution. The recent demonstration of the adaptability of this material for extrusion-based 3D printing techniques opens the possibility of manufacturing a large-scale of tailored flexible and ductile PVC objects, apart from those already registered in the market. The most important characteristics of this polymer from a scientific and technological point of view are described here; i.e., some figures and facts concerning the production and applications and, the two main drawbacks of the polymer: thermal degradation and plasticizer exudation. The most recent efforts and advances to overcome polymer limitations and develop new fields of applications based on modification reactions, in solution, at the surface and in the melt state, as well as the use of PVC formulations in the emerging processing technology of additive manufacturing are addressed.