Measure Of Flexibility Research Articles

Examining the relationship between functional connectivity and broader autistic traits in non-autistic children

ABSTRACT In the current study, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine functional connectivity (FC) in relation to measures of cognitive flexibility and autistic features in non-autistic children. Previous research suggests that disruptions in FC between brain regions may underlie the cognitive and behavioral traits of autism. Moreover, research has identified a broader autistic phenotype (BAP), which refers to a set of behavioral traits that fall along a continuum of behaviors typical for autism but which do not cross a clinically relevant threshold. Thus, by examining FC in relation to the BAP in non-autistic children, we can better understand the spectrum of behaviors related to this condition and their neural basis. Results indicated age-related differences in performance across three measures of cognitive flexibility, as expected given the rapid development of this skill within this time period. Additionally, results showed that across the flexibility tasks, measures of autistic traits were associated with weaker FC along the executive control network, though task performance was not associated with FC. These results suggest that behavioral scores may be less sensitive than neural measures to autistic traits. Further, these results corroborate the use of broader autistic traits and the BAP to better understand disruptions to neural function associated with autism.

Modeling 3E-S sustainable development problem by an ambiguous chance constrained optimization method

The environmental-energy-economic-social (3E-S) sustainable development problem aims to balance the environment, energy, and economy upon which human society critically relies. However, it is further complicated by various ambiguous input parameters about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, electricity consumption, gross domestic product (GDP), and unemployment rate. To address this complexity, this paper develops an ambiguous chance constrained optimization model with multiple chance soft constraints for optimizing the 3E-S sustainable development problem by strategically allocating labor across key sectors. Tractable formulations of the proposed model are derived by constructing three types of ambiguity sets for input parameters with ambiguous probability distributions. The first is to construct support-mean ambiguous distribution sets with little known information, the second is to extend support-mean ambiguity sets to mean-covariance ambiguity sets by incorporating interactive relationships among sectors, and the third is to extend support-mean ambiguity sets to inner-outer ambiguity sets with Wasserstein metric from globalized distributionally robust perspective. The availability and computability of the proposed model have been illustrated by planning India’s 3E-S sustainability for the year 2030. The results suggest that (i) the proposed method exhibits the capability to offer flexible policy measures; (ii) India should prioritize the development of the Mining and quarrying sector, the Transport, storage, communication, and services sector, and the Constructions sector; (iii) India needs to make greater efforts for promoting GDP while controlling GHG emissions and energy consumption; (iv) The policy measures and objectives are influenced by tolerance levels, support intervals, interactive relationships among sectors, globalized sensitivity, and Wasserstein ball size.

Characterizing dog cognitive aging using spontaneous problem-solving measures: development of a battery of tests from the Dog Aging Project.

Companion dogs are a valuable model for aging research, including studies of cognitive decline and dementia. With advanced age, some dogs spontaneously develop cognitive impairments and neuropathology resembling features of Alzheimer's disease. These processes have been studied extensively in laboratory beagles, but the cognitive assays used in that context-which rely on time-consuming operant procedures-are not easily scalable to large samples of community-dwelling companion dogs. We developed a battery of five short-form tasks targeting three aspects of cognition that are impaired in Alzheimer's disease: spatial memory, executive functions, and social cognition. In Experiment 1, we tested a cross-sectional sample of dogs (N = 123) and estimated associations between age and task performance. Older dogs scored lower on measures of spatial learning, memory, and response flexibility, and spent less time near, but more time gazing at, the experimenter. We found no differences in associations between age and performance across dogs of different body masses, a proxy for expected lifespan. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated the feasibility of these measures in clinical settings (N = 35). Dogs meeting clinical criteria for moderate or severe cognitive impairment scored lower, on average, than dogs characterized as mildly impaired and healthy agers, although these distributions overlapped. However, few dogs in our study cohort met the criteria for moderate or severe impairment. The measures presented here show promise for deployment in large-scale longitudinal studies of companion dogs, such as the Dog Aging Project.

Exploration of alive-and-ventilator free days as an outcome measure for clinical trials of Resuscitative interventions.

Outcome selection is a critically important aspect of clinical trial design. Alive-and-ventilator free days is an outcome measure commonly used in critical care clinical trials, but has not been fully explored in resuscitation science. A simulation study was performed to explore approaches to the definition and analysis of alive-and-ventilator free days in cardiac arrest populations. Data from an in-hospital cardiac arrest observational cohort and from the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial were used to inform and conduct the simulations and validate approaches to alive-and-ventilator free days measurement and analysis. Alive-and-ventilator-free days is a flexible outcome measure in cardiac arrest populations. An approach to alive-and-ventilator free days that assigns -1 days when return of spontaneous circulation is not achieved provides a wider distribution of the outcome and improves statistical power. The optimal approach to the analysis of alive-and-ventilator free days varies based on the expected impact of the intervention under study on rates of return of spontaneous circulation, survival, and ventilator-free survival. Alive-and-ventilator free days adds to the armamentarium of clinical trialists in the field of resuscitation science.

Relationship between Gross Motor Coordination and Health-Related Fitness in Serbian Preschool Children.

The relationship between motor coordination and physical fitness in preschool children is of significant interest due to its implications for overall health and development. This study aims to investigate the correlation between gross motor coordination, as assessed by the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK), and health-related physical fitness components. A cross-sectional study, involving 139 preschool-aged children, was conducted. Physical fitness was assessed using the PREFIT fitness test battery, which includes measures of flexibility, muscular strength, speed/agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Motor coordination was evaluated using the KTK test, comprising four subtests. Pearson correlation analysis revealed weak to strong positive and negative correlations between motor coordination and various physical fitness measures, including flexibility (r = 0.402; p = 0.01), muscular strength (r = 0.178; r = 0.487; r = 0.601; p < 0.05), speed/agility (r = -0.742; p = 0.01), and endurance (r = 0.539; p = 0.01). Additionally, hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated significant influence of motor coordination on physical fitness, explaining a notable percentage of the variance across different fitness components (3.2-55%). The findings underscore the importance of motor coordination in shaping physical fitness levels in preschool children. Promoting motor coordination skills early in childhood may have long-term benefits for overall health and fitness.

Optimizing risk mitigation in maritime supply chains through strategic supplier relationship management

Modern supply chains face escalating vulnerabilities, especially in the maritime industry. Traditional lean supply chain management lacks flexibility and risk mitigation measures, encouraging the proposal of agile-focused SCM. The success of companies is intricately tied to supplier performance, highlighting the pivotal role of procurement in risk mitigation through supplier relationship management (SRM) strategies. This emphasizes the role of procurement in risk mitigation since they manage suppliers using supplier relationship management (SRM) strategies. To properly apply SRM strategies, suppliers are segmented. The standard segmentation method is the Purchasing Portfolio Matrix (PPM). The downfall of this matrix is the focus on power relations, which misses a softer relationship side of SRM. The Supplier Potential Matrix (SPM) includes relationship dynamics but overlooks supply risk. A new matrix for segmentation is proposed, the Integrated Supplier Matrix (ISM), which combines and integrates the PPM and SPM. A case study in a maritime company assesses risks using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), revealing significant procurement risks such as product uniqueness, regulatory compliance, and external factors. The ISM then establishes relationships between supplier willingness, capabilities, risks, and profit impact. The findings emphasize the critical role of communication and trust in managing trade-offs within supplier relationship management (SRM).

Lignin extraction in chemical pulp mills: The role of flexible operation

Lignin extracted from black liquor in chemical pulp mills can potentially replace fossil carbon feedstocks in fuels and materials, thereby increasing the economic and environmental added values of woody biomass. However, since lignin extraction reduces the electricity generation of the mill, the added value depends on the characteristics of the electricity market in which the mill operates. In this study, a model mill is exposed to two different electricity price profiles: the low and steady prices of south-central Sweden in Year 2019; and the high and volatile prices of the same region in Year 2022. For the model mill, investments in lignin extraction designed to increase pulp production are economically viable and have low levels of sensitivity to electricity price levels and price volatility. The viability of lignin extraction without increased pulp production depends on the relationship between the electricity and lignin prices. With stable electricity prices, or steady mill operation, a rule-of-thumb holds that for lignin extraction to be viable, the lignin price (€/t) must be 1.8-times the average electricity price (€/MWh) plus 40 €/t for the supply of chemicals. With volatile electricity prices and flexible operation of the recovery boiler, the mill can shift the loss in electricity sales to low-price hours, thereby saving 15–70 % of the operational costs of lignin extraction, as compared to steady operation. This effect can be further enhanced by increasing the capacity of the lignin extraction process or extending the size of the black liquor storage tank. The proposed flexibility measures allow the market-integrated pulp mill to export lignin to replace fossil carbon supplies in other sectors, while supporting the electricity system during hours with high demand and low supply.

Anxiety, OCD, Psychological Flexibility, and Depression: A Replication With Racially Minoritized University Students.

OCD and anxiety are both associated with depression and suicide, but there is a need for comprehensive assessment and screening of depression risk factors within ethnically and racially minoritized college students. In total, 128 university students were surveyed in 2022 in the northeastern United States who all endorsed at least one non-white racial identity. They completed measures of anxiety, depression, OCD symptoms and psychological flexibility. Results supported that anxiety and OCD symptoms were positively associated with high depression, and high psychological flexibility was associated with low depression. Results support continued screening and intervention for anxiety and OCD symptoms to address depression in diverse young adults. Future work should continue to assess the protective effects of targeting psychological flexibility constructs and to assess longitudinal impacts of OCD symptoms and anxiety on depression.

“Blocking-like” effects in attentional set-shifting: Redundant cues facilitate shifting in male rats with medial prefrontal cortex inactivation

Without a functioning prefrontal cortex, humans and other animals are impaired in measures of cognitive control and behavioral flexibility, including attentional set-shifting. However, the reason for this is unclear with evidence suggesting both impaired and enhanced attentional shifting. We inhibited the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats while they performed a modified version of an attentional set-shifting task to explore the nature of this apparent contradiction.Twelve adult male Lister hooded rats received AAV5-CaMKIIa-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry viral vector bilaterally into mPFC to express inhibitory ‘Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs’ (iDREADDs). The receptors were activated by systemic clozapine N-oxide (CNO) to inhibit mPFC function. The rats were tested in the standard attentional set-shifting task four times: twice after i.p. administration and twice after oral administration of vehicle or CNO (10 mg/kg). They were then tested twice in a modified task, with or without oral CNO. The modified task had an extra stage before the extradimensional shift, in which the relevant exemplars remained relevant and new exemplars that were fully predictive but redundant replaced the previous irrelevant exemplars. These exemplars then became relevant at the subsequent ED stage.In the standard task, mPFC inactivation impaired attentional set-shifting, consistent with previous findings. However, in the modified task, mPFC inactivation abolished ED shift-costs. The results support the suggestion that the mPFC is needed for the downregulation of attention that prevents learning about redundant and irrelevant stimuli. With mPFC inactivated, the rat learns more rapidly when previously redundant exemplars become the only relevant information.

Integrating flexibility and sustainability in supply chains: a practice-based view on leadership, knowledge and digital quality management practices

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the synergy between supply chain flexibility and sustainable supply chain management in the manufacturing industry. The study also investigates the roles of leadership practice, knowledge management practice and digital quality management practice in promoting supply chain flexibility that leads to sustainable supply operations from a practice-based perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe authors developed a self-administered questionnaire and distributed it amongst manufacturing executives in India. Data were collected from 347 executives. Before moving on to assumptions, such as constant variance and normality, we have analysed them to check for possible nonresponse bias. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to check the data’s reliability and consistency. PLS-SEM was used to validate the constructs and verify the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings indicate that knowledge practice and digital quality management practice, augmented by effective leadership practice, are positively associated with supply chain flexibility in the manufacturing sector. Further, the findings indicate a positive relationship between flexibility and supply chain sustainability.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study lies in the developed framework, wherein the authors attempted to rope in both flexibility and sustainability measures. The findings bridge a gap in the literature, especially in the context of the manufacturing industry, by demonstrating how leadership, KNP and DQMP collectively influence SCF and, ultimately, supply chain sustainability.

Fiberoptic Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy System for in situ Measurement in a Hazardous Environment

We report the development of a novel fiberoptic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (FOLIBS) system for material characterization applications. The system utilizes a 1000-µm optical fiber to transport the laser beam to remote locations for elemental analysis via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Air-fiber interface damage, internal damage, and air breakdown issues during laser-fiber coupling are identified and corresponding solutions are presented. For evaluating the physical properties of the plasma generated by the FOLIBS system, spectroscopic characterization is carried out using a titanium sample. The spectral features collected from a natural uranium sample are also presented. Hence, this rapid, remote, and flexible measurement technique is promising for in situ measurements in hazardous environments in nuclear energy, nuclear safeguards, and nonproliferation applications.

Sex differences in motor learning flexibility are accompanied by sex differences in mushroom spine pruning of the mouse primary motor cortex during adolescence.

Although males excel at motor tasks requiring strength, females exhibit greater motor learning flexibility. Cognitive flexibility is associated with low baseline mushroom spine densities achieved by pruning which can be triggered by α4βδ GABAA receptors (GABARs); defective synaptic pruning impairs this process. We investigated sex differences in adolescent pruning of mushroom spine pruning of layer 5 pyramidal cells of primary motor cortex (L5M1), a site essential for motor learning, using microscopic evaluation of Golgi stained sections. We assessed α4GABAR expression using immunohistochemical and electrophysiological techniques (whole cell patch clamp responses to 100 nM gaboxadol, selective for α4βδ GABARs). We then compared performance of groups with different post-pubertal mushroom spine densities on motor learning (constant speed) and learning flexibility (accelerating speed following constant speed) rotarod tasks. Mushroom spines in proximal L5M1 of female mice decreased >60% from PND35 (puberty onset) to PND56 (Pubertal: 2.23 ± 0.21 spines/10 μm; post-pubertal: 0.81 ± 0.14 spines/10 μm, P < 0.001); male mushroom spine density was unchanged. This was due to greater α4βδ GABAR expression in the female (P < 0.0001) because α4 -/- mice did not exhibit mushroom spine pruning. Although motor learning was similar for all groups, only female wild-type mice (low mushroom spine density) learned the accelerating rotarod task after the constant speed task (P = 0.006), a measure of motor learning flexibility. These results suggest that optimal motor learning flexibility of female mice is associated with low baseline levels of post-pubertal mushroom spine density in L5M1 compared to male and female α4 -/- mice.

Power system investment optimization to identify carbon neutrality scenarios for Italy

In 2021 the European Commission has proposed the Fit-for-55 policy package, requiring European countries to reduce their CO2 emissions by 55% with respect to 1990 by the year 2030, a first step to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Energy system modeling can be a valuable tool for national policymakers to choose the most appropriate technologies to achieve these goals efficiently. This article presents a model of the Italian power system realized employing the open energy modeling framework, Oemof. A linear programming optimization is implemented to evaluate how to minimize system costs at decreasing CO2 emissions in 2030. The developed tool is applied to evaluate different research questions: (i) pathway towards full decarbonization and power self-sufficiency of the electricity sector in Italy, (ii) relevance of flexibility assets in power grids: li-ion batteries, hydrogen storage and transmission lines reinforcement. A 55% CO2 emissions reduction for the actual Italian power sector can be achieved through an increase of 30% of the total annual system cost. Achieving complete decarbonization and self-sufficiency increases significatively annual expenditures. However, cost mitigation is plausible through the integration of sector coupling methodologies or the adoption of a broader spectrum of technological solutions. Flexibility measures appear instrumental for decarbonization, particularly transmission lines, demanding a substantial expansion beyond the stated plans for 2030. This infrastructure is crucial in Italy to facilitate the transfer of renewable electricity generated in the Southern regions to the Northern areas, where a large portion of the electricity demand is located.

The Mindful Healthcare Scale (MHS): Development and initial validation

ObjectivesPsychological flexibility is associated with reduced burnout and improved wellbeing in healthcare professionals. This paper outlines the development and initial validation of the Mindful Healthcare Scale (MHS), a novel measure of psychological flexibility in healthcare professionals. MethodsThis paper comprises of three studies drawing on the following samples. Sample 1 (n = 480) and Sample 2 (n = 196) were cross-sectional samples of healthcare professionals. Sample 3 (n = 162) was the baseline sample of a longitudinal study who were followed up after a six-month interval. Seventy-seven participants of sample 3 provided test-retest data at six months. Classical test theory was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Mindful Healthcare Scale. Sample One was used to conduct an exploratory factor analysis. A confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken in sample two. Sample two and three were used to test the convergent validity and concurrent validity of the MHS via corelation with measures of burnout, wellbeing, general psychological flexibility, and self-compassion. Incremental validity of the MHS was assessed in predicting wellbeing and burnout after controlling for general psychological flexibility. The sub sample of Sample 3 was used to assess test-retest reliability. ResultsIn study one, exploratory factor analysis led to a three-factor structure that was labelled ‘engaged’, ‘awareness’, and ‘defusion’. In study two, confirmatory factor analyses supported this model. Study 3 supported the convergent validity, construct validity, incremental validity and test-retest reliability of the MHS. Internal reliability was found to be good across all samples. ConclusionsThe MHS is a psychometrically sound measure of psychological flexibility in healthcare contexts. It is hoped that this measure will contribute to research and practice that aims to understand and enhance the wellbeing and training of healthcare professionals.

Taking ACTion for anxiety and depression: A pilot study of a brief virtual Acceptance and commitment therapy group in primary care

Brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) interventions are well-suited to facilitate timely access to effective treatment for patients experiencing common mental health concerns. This study piloted a 4-session virtual ACT group for primary care patients experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety (n = 21). Changes in symptoms of depression and anxiety, psychological flexibility, and quality of life (QoL) were examined at post-treatment and at 1- and 3-month follow-up. At a group level, there were significant reductions in symptoms of depression for all time points and symptoms of anxiety were significantly reduced at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Measures of psychological flexibility and QoL were significantly improved at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Reliable change index scores revealed high proportions of individual improvement for depression and anxiety symptoms (56–83% across time points). Proportions of reliable change ranged from 25 to 50% for measures of psychological flexibility and QoL at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Overall, these results are comparable with previously reported rates of improvement for empirically supported treatments and provide preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of this brief ACT intervention delivered in a community setting.

Assessment of Cognitive Flexibility in Jordanian Diabetic Patients by Wisconsin Card Sorting and Trail Making Tests: Implications with Demographic, Anthropometric and Therapeutic Variables.

Cognitive flexibility is a mental ability that aids in smoothly alternating between them tasks in the brain. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a, common disorder that has been associated with impairments in cognitive functions. This research is a retrospective case-control study aimed at establishing a clear relationship between cognitive flexibility and diabetes among Jordanians, considering demographic, anthropometric, and therapeutic variables. TheWisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)-64 item and the Trail Making Test (TMT) assessed cognitive flexibility in 268 people with diabetes and healthy control. Demographic, therapeutic data were collected. We also measured waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI). As the variables were non-normally distributed, non-parametric statistical tests were used to examine differences (Kruskal-Wallis) and correlation (Spearman) between variables. The patient group did worse on the WCST In contrast to the control group, patients exhibited more significant delays for both Part A and Part B of the TMT (p<0.05). Males had higher WCST conceptual level responses than females. In addition, participants with professional jobs showed less delay in TMT Part A (p<0.05). Age was positively correlated with WCST's total errors and TMT's Parts A and B (p<0.05). BMI was negatively correlated with the WCST's conceptual level of responses and positively correlated with TMT's Part B (p<0.05). In addition, urea and albumin levels were positively correlated with TMT's Part A (p<0.05). Furthermore, creatinine was positively correlated with WCST's total errors and TMT's Part A (p<0.05). Some measures of cognitive flexibility are associated with DM status in the studied sample of Jordanians and other variables (educational levels, occupation, lifestyle, average duration of illness, and age).

State and trait predictors of cognitive responses to acute stress and uncertainty

ABSTRACT Stress occurs when conditions burden or exceed an individual’s adaptive resources. Military personnel are often tasked with maintaining peak performance under such stressful conditions. Importantly, the effects of stress are nuanced and may vary as a function of individual traits and states. Recent interdisciplinary research has sought to model and identify such relationships. In two previously reported efforts, Soldiers first completed a comprehensive battery of trait assessments across four general domains thought to be predictive of performance: cognitive, health, physical, and social-emotional, and then completed the Decision-Making under Uncertainty and Stress (DeMUS) virtual reality task that probed spatial cognition, memory, and decision-making under stress and variable uncertainty. The present analysis explores whether cognitive, health, physical, and social-emotional trait assessments, as well as physiological state measures, predict or modulate DeMUS performance outcomes under stress. Multiple regression analyses examined the effect of each trait predictor and stress responsiveness on quantitative task performance outcomes. Results revealed that one measure of state stress reactivity, salivary cortisol, predicted lower recognition memory sensitivity. Further, trait measures of healthy eating, agility, flexibility, cognitive updating, and positive emotion predicted enhanced spatial orienting and decision-making performance and confidence. Together, the results suggest that select individual states and traits may predict cognition under stress. Future research should expand to ecologically relevant military stressors during training and operations.

The Effect of Psychological Flexibility on Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Multiple Mediation Role of Mindfulness and Coping.

The COVID-19 pandemic involved a complex set of stressors affecting the health and well-being of the population. The understanding of the psychological processes that influence well-being in response to the pandemic and their interrelation is vital. A promising process in understanding the emotional impacts of these stressors is psychological flexibility. This study investigated the effect of psychological flexibility on well-being, both directly and indirectly, via mindfulness and coping strategies. A total of 334 Portuguese adults participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire, including measures of psychological flexibility, well-being, mindfulness, and coping strategies. A multiple mediation model studied whether there are conditional indirect effects of mindfulness and coping strategies on well-being. The results showed statistically significant correlations between psychological flexibility, well-being, mindfulness, and coping strategies. Furthermore, we found that mindfulness and coping strategies partly mediate the relationship between psychological flexibility and well-being. Understanding the processes through which psychological flexibility influences well-being in a stressful context is important in comprehending the processes involved in an emotional reaction to a pandemic-like societal event. Mindfulness and coping are shown to be important processes to consider in understanding this phenomenon and designing future responses.

Experimental study of air curtains blocking saltwater intrusion under estuary dynamic conditions

The saltwater intrusion seriously threatens the water supply security of estuaries, while the existing salty blocking measures (e.g., gates and dams) are rude and the dynamic mechanism is not fully considered. In order to investigate countermeasures to reduce the risk of the saltwater intrusion, as well as enrichment blocking methods, in this paper, the salt-inhibiting properties of air curtain under tidal action was investigated based on a long-distance physical flume with dual tidal-salinity control capability. Experimental results indicate that air curtains significantly diminish distance of saltwater into estuaries. The bubble plumes, on the one hand, promote vertical mixing, elevating high-salinity water from the depths to the surface, thereby disrupting the vertical circulation structure of salt wedge. On the other hand, the energy dissipation and barrier effect produced by bubble bursting can significantly reduce the momentum of the invading saltwater. Meanwhile, the research emphasizes that the salt intrusion length is negatively correlated with the airflow discharge, whereas the salty-blocking effect prefer better of the weakly-mixed estuary than the strongly-mixed. Most importantly, the air curtain mixing coefficient ka were proposed at the first time to quantify the salty blocking effect. The mixing coefficient ka is the function of airflow discharge Qa and tidal current ut, demonstrating a direct proportionality to Qa and ut−1. Moreover, a quantitative relationship between ka and Qa/ut was obtained from experimental results. The research results would help inform the flexible salt-inhibiting measures of estuarine air curtain.

Pain, Function and Trunk/Hip Flexibility Changes Immediately after Clinical Pilates Exercises in Young Adults with Mild Chronic Low Back Pain

Background: Pilates is among the best conservative management strategies for chronic low back pain. However, several variations of Pilates exist. This study aimed to investigate physical measures that would detect immediate changes after a brief session of Clinical Pilates exercises. Changes in self-reported clinical outcomes, pain and function were also evaluated. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted. Eighteen young adults with chronic low back pain participated in this study. Participants were assessed for pain and function subjectively, and hip/knee strength and trunk/hip flexibility objectively, followed by a session of Clinical Pilates assessment and exercises. After the exercises, the participants were immediately reassessed for pain, function, strength, and flexibility. Results: Trunk/hip flexibility showed statistically significant changes after exercise, which were measured with the sit-and-reach test (−3.44 cm, 95% CI [−5.10, −1.79], p &lt; 0.001) and the finger-to-floor test (−6.29 cm [−9.51, −3.06], p = 0.001). Statistical significance was not found in detecting strength changes in hip extension, hip abduction, and knee extension. Changes in pain (1.56 points [0.83, 2.28], p &lt; 0.001) and patient-specific functional scale (−1.52 points [−1.93, −1.10], p &lt; 0.001) were also found after exercise. Conclusions: Trunk/hip flexibility measures detected physical changes after Clinical Pilates exercise, as well as self-reported pain and function outcomes, without reducing strength performance.