Flat Structures Research Articles

Identification and dynamics prediction of a plane vortex structure based on a mathematical model of a point vortices system

The aim of the article is developing and analyse an algorithmic method for solution finding of one inverse problem of 2d vortex fluid dynamics. It is identification and prediction of the flow structure evolution of the based on the data on fluid velocity vectors in a set of reference points. Theoretical analysis of convergence and adequacy of the method is difficult due to the ill-posedness typical of inverse problems, these issues studied experimentally. Methods. The proposed method uses a mathematical model of a point vortex dynamics system for identification and prediction flow structures. The parameters of the model system are found by minimising the functional that evaluates the closeness of the original and model vectors fields at the reference points. The prediction of the vortex structure dynamics is based on the solution of the Cauchy problem for a system of ordinary differential equations with the parameters found in the first stage. Results. As a result of the calculations, we found it out: the algorithm converges to the desired minimum from a wide range of initial approximations; the algorithm converges in all cases when the identified structure consists of sufficiently distant vortices; the forecast of the development of the current gives good results with a steady flow; if the above conditions are violated, the part of successful calculations decreases, false identification and an erroneous forecast may occur; with the convergence of the method, the coordinates and circulation of the eddies of the model system are close to the characteristics of the eddies of the test configurations; the structures of the streamlines of the flows are topologically equivalent; convergence depends more on location than on the number of vectors used for identification. Conclusion. An algorithm for solving the problem of identifying and the evolution forecast of a 2d vortex flow structure is proposed when the fluid velocity vectors in a finite set of reference points are known. The method showed its high efficiency when using from 40 to 200 reference points. The results of the study make it possible to recommend the proposed algorithm for identifying flat vortex structures, which consist of vortices separated from each other.

Influence of Organizational Structure on the Performance of Financial Services Associations in Makueni and Kitui Counties of Kenya.

On the surface, the concept of strategy implementation may sound relatively simple, whereby a strategy is developed and put into practice. However, putting strategies into practice is far more challenging and complicated. The present study sought to determine the influence of organizational structure on the performance of FSA in Kitui and Makueni counties. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design, the sample for the study was 280 obtained through a stratified random sampling technique from a population of 938 possible participants. The study applied a questionnaire to gather data for the study using both physical and electronic procedures. Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential analysis, where a simple binary logistic regression analysis was applied to test a null hypothesis. The study revealed a β of 0.973, a Wald statistic of 21.285, df= 1, and an Exp(B) = 4.812 which was associated with a p-value of 0.001. Firms that adopted flat structures instead of tall structures increased the odds of high performance by a factor of 4.812. The study concluded that organizational structure had a positive and significant influence on the performance of the FSA in Kitui and Makueni counties. The study also recommends for adoption of a flat organizational structure to promote a structure that is a flexible and responsive organizational structure to enhance performance.

Assembly of Helical Nanostructures: Solvent-Induced Morphology Transition and Its Effect on Cell Adhesion.

Being able to precisely manipulate both the morphology and chiroptical signals of supramolecular assemblies will help to better understand the natural biological self-assembly mechanism. Two simple l/d-phenylalanine-based derivatives (L/DPFM) have been designed, and their solvent-dependent morphology evolutions are illustrated. It was found that, as the content of H2 O in aqueous ethanol solutions was increased, LPFM self-assembles first into right-handed nanofibers, then flat fibrous structures, and finally inversed left-handed nanofibers. Assemblies in ethanol and H2 O exhibit opposite conformations and circular dichroism (CD) signals even though they are constructed from the same molecules. Thus, the morphology-dependent cell adhesion and proliferation behaviors are further characterized. Left-handed nanofibers are found to be more favorable for cell adhesion than right-handed nanostructures. Quantitative AFM analysis showed that the L929 cell adhesion force on left-handed LPFM fibers is much higher than that on structures with inversed handedness. Moreover, the value of cell Young's modulus is lower for left-handed nanofibrous films, which indicates better flexibility. The difference in cell-substrate interactions might lead to different effects on cell behavior.

FILIAL DEPENDENCE AND AUTONOMY IN THE STURM UND DRANG: READING KLINGER, WAGNER AND MÜLLER WITH ROUSSEAU

ABSTRACTThe essay examines the representation of relationships between children on the cusp of adulthood and their parents in dramas by Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, Heinrich Leopold Wagner and Friedrich Müller (known as ‘Maler Müller’). It positions the Sturm und Drang in dialogue with the wider European Enlightenment, and especially with Rousseau's theorising of human dependence in his Discourse on Inequality and Emile. In particular, it suggests that these writers demonstrate an association between inequality and social dependence, whereas flat social structures promote pluralism and autonomy. The article argues that, in contrast to the common view of the Sturm und Drang as characterised by wild filial rebellion and blind adoration of Rousseau, a close reading demonstrates how it sustains a critical dialogue with major currents of European thought and develops a subtle and self‐critical sense of the possibilities and limits on autonomy. Indeed, it demonstrates how these writers were able to use literature to foreground the antinomies of their social order in a more radical way than direct approaches could – and thus illustrates the importance of considering literature as a serious participant in Enlightenment dialogues.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF STRESS AND DEFORMATION OF GLAMINATED WOOD FRAMES REINFORCED WITH COMPOSITE TAPES

In the modern world, the construction industry is successfully developing in various directions. Large-sized structures are replaced by analogues reduced in cross-section with the help of various types of reinforcement.
 Frames refer to flat spacer structures. Modern glued frames are often solid. Cross-section (lattice) structures of this class were used mainly from solid wood. Currently, they are practically not used due to the lack of their industrial production.
 Frame structures mainly consist of rectilinear elements and allow the presence of rigid (frame) nodes. Rigid nodes of three-hinged frames are usually called eaves, because they have to be constructed exactly under the eaves of the building. These units ensure joint operation of crossbars and racks, which reduces bending moments in the crossbar. In addition, it is easily proven that the maximum bending moment in the cornice nodes of the frames is less than the maximum moment in the beams with the same spans. Their ratio is equal to the ratio of the height of the frame strut to the arrow of the rise of the ridge joint relative to the support joints. Accordingly, unlike beams, frames can cover larger spans.
 However, it is the eaves units that have the largest cross-section in frames made of glued wood, which requires significant material consumption. Therefore, research in the field of strengthening such nodes to reduce their cross-section is relevant.
 Composite materials are currently one of the leaders in strengthening structures because most composite materials are well resistant to many chemical influences: alkalis, acids, chlorides, sulfates, nitrates, and others. This allows them to be used both in industrial and agricultural construction, where there is a direct impact of the external environment on the structure reinforced with composite materials, and in residential buildings without harm to residents.
 After analyzing the stress-strain state by modeling in the LIRA CAD software complex of broken-glued three-hinged frames made of glued wood with integrally glued eaves nodes with a crossbar connection with a rack through toothed spikes along the bisector of the corner reinforced with composite tapes and comparing with similar frames without reinforcement, we can to conclude that such materials can be perfectly combined with structures made of solid and glued wood, allowing to increase the load-bearing capacity while reducing their cross-section.

Higher-order asymptotic homogenization for piezoelectric composites

In this work, we developed a higher-order asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) for efficient multiscale analysis of piezoelectric composite structures. Instead of solving the composite structural problems directly with all heterogeneities considered, AHM first solves the microscale problem at each order of expansion to obtain the corresponding microfluctuation functions and effective properties; the latter is then passed to the macroscale to solve coupling governing differential equations, with the macroscale physical quantities passed back to the microscale and combined with microfluctuation functions to recover the local response. Governing differential equations are formulated and solved in Cartesian coordinates, which is much beneficial for understanding the multiscale-multiphysics behavior of flat piezocomposite structures such as Micro Fiber Composite transducers. Two numerical examples are solved using AHM, i.e., a 1D piezocomposite rod and a 2D piezocomposite plate, and the results are compared with direct numerical solution (DNS) to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. The developed multiscale analysis algorithm largely saves the computational cost compared with DNS when a large number of inclusions are included in piezocomposites, thus making it an efficient tool for solving multiphysics composite structural problems with piezoelectricity.

Timbr Foldr – A Design Framework and Material System for Closed Cross-section Curved Folded Structures

This research investigated building components that can be produced and transported in a flat state and transformed to a spatial state without scaffolding on-site. Curved folding was employed to allow for a shape change between flat and spatial bending active structures. Bending generally allows for expressive curvature with simple flat production as well as easy customization. Limitations presented by laborious forming and upscaling of individually bent plates were overcome by large-scale curved folding. The present research builds upon the context but adds a design framework for volumetric curved folded components, a bistable behavior, and comprehensive detailing regarding upscaling and increased structural capacity. The mechanism was studied on a kinematic level, considering geometrical rules of curved folding and the design space. It was also studied on a kinetic level under the consideration of material properties specific to plywood. As a proof of concept, a 1:1 scale demonstrator was built. Finite element modeling software was used to optimize the shape. The demonstrator was fabricated flat, folded up, and locked in its stable configuration by the bistability and bases. It supported twelve people with a self-weight of approximately 300kg.

A Study of the Perception of Indian Employees on Organizational Structure

This paper examines the perception of Indian employees on the role of organizational structure; it also aims to assess the impact of culture on the views of Indian employees regarding their choice of work environment and the feasibility of self-management practices in India. Despite widespread acknowledgment of the challenges presented by flat structures and hierarchical structures, little is known about today’s Indian workforce’s think and needs. The relationships between various factors on the employees’ orientation of the preferred organizational structure and its effect on their motivation are studied in this paper. The results reveal no great disparity in the views and choices of the employees who have an experience of flat structure and those who do not. However, it does indicate various other relationships between the factors that impact the organizational structure like Control and Capability, Reward-Systems and Organizational Levels, Culture and Reward Systems, Tendency to Explore and Reward Systems, Organizational levels and Motivation and lastly, Organizational Level and Culture. The results also suggest that Indian employees do want to have autonomy and responsibility in their work. However, they do believe that the different organizational levels have their role in managing the organization.

Moiré flat bands of twisted few-layer graphite

We report that the twisted few layer graphite (tFL-graphite) is a new family of moir\'{e} heterostructures (MHSs), which has richer and highly tunable moir\'{e} flat band structures entirely distinct from all the known MHSs. A tFL-graphite is composed of two few-layer graphite (Bernal stacked multilayer graphene), which are stacked on each other with a small twisted angle. The moir\'{e} band structure of the tFL-graphite strongly depends on the layer number of its composed two van der Waals layers. Near the magic angle, a tFL-graphite always has two nearly flat bands coexisting with a few pairs of narrowed dispersive (parabolic or linear) bands at the Fermi level, thus, enhances the DOS at $E_F$. This coexistence property may also enhance the possible superconductivity as been demonstrated in other multiband superconductivity systems. Therefore, we expect strong multiband correlation effects in tFL-graphite. Meanwhile, a proper perpendicular electric field can induce several isolated nearly flat bands with nonzero valley Chern number in some simple tFL-graphites, indicating that tFL-graphite is also a novel topological flat band system.

Photo-cyclization, photo-ring opening and thermo-ring opening reaction of cationic diarylethene adsorbed on the clay nanosheet surface

The effect of the clay nanosheet surface on the photo-cyclization, photo-ring opening and thermo-ring opening reaction of 1,2-bis(2′-methyl-5′-(N-methylpyrid-4"-yl)-thien-3′-yl)perfluorocyclopentene dichloride (DAE2+) were investigated. The quantum yield of photo-cyclization on the clay surface was smaller than that in water. The decrease in quantum yield could be explained by the change in the existence ratio of two conformers of the open-ring isomer. The thermo-ring opening rate of DAE2+ was accelerated by the adsorption onto the surface, while the quantum yield of the photo-ring opening was suppressed by the adsorption. A temperature effect experiment on the thermo-ring opening reaction was carried out and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated from the Arrhenius plot to discuss the opposite effect of the surface on photo- and thermo-ring opening. Both activation energy (Ea) and the frequency factor (A) for thermo-ring opening reaction decreased by the adsorption on the surface, compared to those in water. Thus, the acceleration of the thermo-ring opening was derived from the change of Ea and could be interpreted as the reactive CC single bond elongation due to the molecular distortion by the adsorption. Moreover, the cause of the suppression of the photo-ring opening reaction was considered as the frequency reduction of the active vibration mode for the C-C cleavage that was brought by the immobilization on the clay surface. While both the closed-ring isomer of DAE2+ and the clay surface have flat structures, the open-ring isomer of DAE2+ is distorted. Several effects on the closed- and open-ring isomers of DAE2+ could be crucial factor to determine the reaction efficiency on the nanosheet surface.

Features of the work of large-span beam structures

Objective. This article discusses flat large-span structures, provides features of their work, as well as design examples. Formulas are given for determining the general dimensions of these structures.Method. Features of work and design, as well as calculation formulas are given. Shipping marks, types of sections and junctions of elements are given. A technique is described that allows to reduce span bending moments. Examples of rational design of beam trusses are given.Result. The given structural diagrams, as well as the analysis of their work, allow us to design long-span flat structures that are reliable, lightweight, technologically advanced in terms of manufacturing, transportation and installation. The types of sections and junctions described in the article are used in the practice of design and construction.Conclusion. The article discusses rational design solutions that allow reducing the own weight of flat large-span structures due to the optimal choice of their design and design scheme.

Punching shear behavior of reinforced concrete flat slab column connection containing recycled eggshell powder

Every day, millions of bio-waste eggshells are discarded in the environment by poultry farms, homeowners, bakeries, and the food industry around the world. The possibility of recycling eggshells as a cement replacement in concrete may solve the disposal issue of eggshells. Also, cement production causes the release of carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming. Replacing cement with eggshell powder (ESP) reduces the level of cement production and indirectly decreases carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. This paper aims to investigate the structural effect of the ESP content as a cement replacement on the punching shear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) flat slab column connections. The possibility of ESP reuse in RC flat slab structures tested for punching shear was investigated. Four well instrumented RC flat slab column connections (S1, S2, S3, and S4) were cast using four different concrete mixtures containing 0, 5, 10, and 15% ESP, respectively. The slab panels (620x620x50) mm with a constant square column size of (100x100) mm were simply supported and tested under concentrated column load. The test results of different concrete mixes made with ESP content are reported. The test results of RC flat slab behaviors, including failure mode, load–deflection response, load-corner rise, load–strain curves, load-edge rotation response, punching perimeter, angle of punching, shear load, ductility, and stiffness of tested slab panels with and without ESP are discussed. The experimental punching shear load and punching perimeter were compared with those obtained by code model equations in ACI, BS, and Eurocode. It can be concluded that the experimental shear load and stiffness for the slab containing 10% ESP content increased by 5.85% and 24% than that of the control slab without ESP. Eggshell powder could be applied to a certain extent to replace cement in the RC flat slabs.

GARCH option pricing with volatility derivatives

This paper studies benefits of joint estimations for GARCH option pricing that utilize both stock returns and volatility derivatives. The proposed estimations not only provide realistic volatility term structures but also generate flat skewness term structures much like those seen in the S&P 500 index (SPX) options data. In particular, the estimated GARCH models yield a highly persistent volatility component, which allows the leverage effect to hold up until long horizons. Such a persistent volatility component is key to modeling long-term tail risk and pricing long-term put options. Overall, our exercise highlights the usefulness of volatility derivatives in GARCH option valuation.

Structured 3D Printed Dry ECG Electrodes Using Copper Based Filament

Commercial wet Silver and Silver Chloride electrodes are used to monitor electrocardiogram (ECG) signals in numerous bioimpedance applications. These electrodes are frequently single-use components that adhere to the skin through an adhesive surface. This sticky surface is infamous for generating skin irritations during the replacement and removal of electrodes, making the process uncomfortable for the patient. Because this type of electrodes is inappropriate in many measuring situations, the applicability of dry electrodes is investigated.This study introduces the use of a copper-based filament (Electrifi) with the highest reported conductivity (0.006 Ω.cm) in biomedical applications, showcasing the process parameters of 3D printed, semi-flexible and wearable dry electrodes to monitor ECG signals. The effect of the printing-process parameters (bed and nozzle temperatures, surface infill pattern) on the electrical performance is thoroughly investigated (10 parameters and >100 electrode samples) to find the highest conductivity and lowest impedance of the printed electrodes. The influence of ten process parameters on the resistivity of printed electrode samples with three different surface structures (namely concentric, rough, and flat as shown in Fig. 1a) and different thicknesses have been experimented. The analyzed parameters play a significant role in the electrodes’ impedance and conductivity values. Choosing a proper setup of these parameters can enhance the bio-impedance measurements of dry electrodes similar to ranges of wet electrodes and even below.The flow of this study was divided into two main stages. First, electrodes of 15 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness were 3D printed with three surface structures, each with six temperature settings, including two nozzle temperatures (140 and 150 °C) and three bed temperatures (40, 60, and 80 °C). At this point, non-optimized electrodes are recognized. Second, another optimization strategy was presented, which involves experimenting with electrodes of 15 mm diameter and 0.5 mm thickness with two surface structures (concentric and flat), each with two temperature settings, including two nozzle temperatures (140 and 150 °C) and one bed temperature (80 °C).A 2D profilometry is provided, showcasing the effect of printing parameters on the electrodes' surface roughness. Keithley and Agilent semiconductor device analyzers were used to record the impedance measurements; both can acquire complex impedance spectra per second in a frequency range from 20 kHz to 400 kHz. The excitation current was set to 20 µA. This study investigates the behavior of 2 stacked electrodes. For this purpose, two binder clips were used to securely hold the two electrodes, resulting in uniform force distribution. The resistance measurements are performed using the same equipment under a fixed frequency at 400 kHz that is then converted into conductivity given the electrodes' cross-sectional area and thickness to be 177 mm2 and 2 mm (or 0.5 mm), respectively.The process parameters significantly affect the electrodes surface structures, specifically the bed temperature (Tbed). The roughness of the structured surfaces (concentric and rough) was observed to be increasing with the increase in bed temperature. However, the roughness of the flat surface remained unchanged under all temperature parameters. The impedance measurements of the 2 mm thick electrodes decreased significantly over frequency, showing a capacitive behavior (Fig. 1b). This is due to the air gap created between the structured electrodes, parasitic factors from the devices themselves, and external factors such as light, airflow, and movement that influenced the measurement. The conductivity measurements are depicted in Fig. 1c, unlike the rough surface electrode, which uses additional ironing parameters, the flat and concentric surface electrodes are printed with the same process parameters, resulting in equivalent resistance and conductivity values. Thus, the concentric and flat structures of Tbed = 80 °C and Tnozzle = 140 and 150 °C showed the best performance among all samples. Decreasing the thickness to 0.5 mm of the concentric and flat structures and using the optimum bed and nozzle temperatures generated better and stable results with higher sensitivity and lower impedance measurements.In conclusion, this study confirms that different electrode structures and printing temperatures significantly influence the electrodes' functionality, conductivity, and impedance measurements. Defining the optimum printing parameters for the electrodes' material is fundamental to obtain stable and reliable measurements. With a new insight into the electrical behavior of the copper-based Electrifi filament, process optimization and new printing strategies can be studied for the single-process fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing to create functional and sensitive electrodes. Figure 1. A) Images of the three 3D printed electrodes surfaces: flat (left), concentric (middle), and rough (right). B) Impedance measurement of the concentric structure at different frequencies. C) Conductivity measurements of the electrodes with three different surfaces. Figure 1

Complex Cause-Effect Relationships of Social Capital, Leader-Member Exchange, and Safety Behavior of Workers in Small-Medium Construction Firms and the Moderating Role of Age

Due to workers’ vulnerability in construction sites, workplace safety has become of particular interest, and the current literature offers myriad approaches to dealing with it. From a social and organizational lens, this study explores an empirical model that integrates the dimensions of social capital theory (SCT) and leader-member exchange (LMX) in modelling the safety behavior of construction workers, particularly relevant in small-medium construction firms. The data were collected from 232 construction workers in the central Philippines. The responses were analyzed using partial least squares—structural equation modeling to investigate five hypothesized paths, including the influence of SCT dimensions (e.g., structural, relational, and cognitive) on LMX and LMX on safety behaviors (i.e., compliance and participation). We also tested whether the relationship of LMX to safety behaviors is moderated by age. The results indicate that the three dimensions of SCT have a significant and direct influence on LMX. In addition, LMX directly affects safety participation but does not significantly affect safety compliance. Particularly in small and medium construction firms with relatively flat organizational structures and supervisors displaying diverse roles, these findings suggest that the social relationships of workers tend to promote their trust and professional respect for supervisors who can leverage their position to encourage them participate in safety initiatives. On the other hand, age negatively influences the relationship of LMX to safety participation, indicating that younger workers tend to better translate high quality LMX into initiatives that promote overall workplace safety. Our findings offer the first evidence of the positive relationship between SCT and LMX in advancing the safety participation of construction workers. From these insights, practical inputs to the design of relevant measures and future research works are outlined.

Structured 3D Printed Dry ECG Electrodes Using Copper Based Filament

Commercial Silver and Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) wet electrodes are used to monitor electrocardiogram (ECG) signals in numerous bioimpedance applications. These electrodes are single-use components that irritate the skin during the replacement and removal of electrodes, making the process uncomfortable for the patient. This study introduces the use of a copper-based filament with the highest reported conductivity (0.006 Ω.cm) in biomedical applications, showcasing the process parameters of 3D printed, semi-flexible and wearable dry electrodes to monitor ECG signals. The effect of the printing-process parameters on the electrical performance is thoroughly investigated (10 parameters and >100 electrode samples) to find the printed electrodes’ highest conductivity and lowest impedance. The results showed the concentric and flat dry electrode structures of Tbed = 80 °C and Tnozzle = 140 and 150 °C with the best performance, confirming that different electrode structures and printing parameters significantly influence electrodes' functionality, conductivity, and impedance measurements.

Methods for the behaviour analysis of continuous flat water jet structures

This paper deals with visualization and geometrical analysis of flat water jet structures. The shadowgraphy method created by a CCD camera and high-energy pulsed laser, as well as the image analysis method were tested. The jet structures were captured in the centre of axis symmetry. The influence of water pressures on water clusters dimensions and droplets was studied. The designed diagnostic water line consisting of a pressure sensor and a turbine flowmeter was used for flow monitoring during experimental flow visualization. The impact pressures of impinging water clusters and droplets were measured in centre of the jet. The experimental tests were performed in the following range of operating conditions: water pressure up to 20 MPa at maximal flow rate of 39 l/min and hydraulic power of 13.32 kW. A linear relationship between the number of small droplets and the distance from the nozzle was analysed.

Study of a Flat Slab Building with a Shear Wall at Periphery and X-Bracing

Abstract: Flat slab construction practice faces great risk during severe earthquake shaking. In the study two different types of flat slab buildings are taken into account; flat slab with shear wall at X-Bracing and flat slab with at periphery. This lateral force resisting mechanism strengthens structural stiffness of these flat slab structures. It is observed that the lateral force resisting capacity of flat slab structure increases significantly with the use of shear wall.

Descriptive statistics for plane structures of the multilayer matrix for tissue haemostasis and regeneration

Bleeding, severe and infected wounds need to be cared for to facilitate recovery and prevent infection. The specific requirements imposed on dressings for the treatment of these wounds depend fundamentally on the type of lesion; moreover, they are based on the creation of an optimal environment that allows epithelial cells to move easily to facilitate regeneration. The objective of the research is to provide a multilayer medical device with composite characteristics, usable for basic medical interventions on superficial burns with thermal origin (flame and melts) occurred on anatomical regions protected by clothes (so except face and eyes). The outer, second and interfacing layers have specific characteristics. Regarding this aspect, 5 variants of woven textile structures were designed and made that differed in the nature of the raw material, the density of the length/fineness of the threads in the weft, the density in the weft and the binding. To characterize the populations of flat structures used to make the first layer of the matrix, methods specific to descriptive statistics were used. The following fundamental statistical indicators were calculated for each of the 3 variables considered defining (mass, thickness and absorption capacity): mean, dispersion and standard deviation; median and quartiles; eccentricity (skewness) and vaulting (kurtosis) for asymmetry and highlighting the cases in which interventions should be performed (on the technological flow or on the programming scheme). The results obtained by the statistical analysis of the groups of results allowed the findings to be generalized to larger populations, so for the whole set from which the respective sample was extracted. Depending on location and the severity of wounds resulting from shooting, explosions or fire (wounds that result in bleeding, impaired vital functions, the impotence of an anatomical segment, celsiene signs, etc.), the first layer of the matrix can be made of woven textile materials. After correlating the physico-mechanical characteristics of the textile structures with the subsequent processes (realization of layer II, layer III and functionalization), the technical and physico-mechanical characteristics of the multilayer matrix will be determined, and the location areas and the field of use (for haemostasis, regeneration of connective tissues or their simultaneous combination) will be established.

Application of Probabilistic Random Matrix Management Mode in Student Information Management for Higher Education

Traditional management method of student information is not only slow in operation, poor in confidentiality, and low in work efficiency, but also prone to statistical errors and data loss, which can no longer meet the needs of new situations. Probabilistic random matrix management mode can effectively coordinate the development of various businesses and strengthen their information flow through horizontal and vertical management across functional departments. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing previous literature, this study expounded the research status and significance of student information management of higher education, elaborated the development background, current status, and future challenges of probabilistic random matrix management mode, introduced the methods and principles of probabilistic matrix factorization algorithm and random matrix factorization model, discussed the service and supervision functions of student information management, analyzed the incentive and guiding functions of student information management, conducted the process analysis of student information management for higher education based on probabilistic random matrix management mode, established student identity document and student status management modules, designed student scholarship, statistics, and data management modules, constructed a student information management system for higher education based on probabilistic random matrix management mode, and finally carried out a case application and its result analysis. The study results show that the probabilistic random matrix management mode is a combination of linear and flat organizational structures and has the advantages of short information lines, fast information feedback, and high operation efficiency; it can input the matrix form of prior data and use statistical probability knowledge to derive the probability density function of posterior feature vector and predict the recommendation result through feature vector. The probabilistic random matrix management mode first calculates student’s behavior sequence through their management information and then calculates the student’s preference sequence according to their behavior sequence and label information and subsequently calculates the similarity matrixes about the students and their information and finally integrates the obtained student similarity matrix into the probabilistic matrix factorization model.