Flare Research Articles

Thermo‐economic analysis of gas‐to‐wire: A case for utilizing gas flaring in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria

AbstractThis work investigated the thermo‐economics of gas‐to‐wire as a gas flaring mitigation option in a selected gas production facility, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which flares 294 thousand standard cubic feet of natural gas, daily. The thermodynamics and economics aspects of the gas‐to‐wire plant were modeled, and implemented in the Engineering Equation Solver software. The thermodynamics was carried out to ascertain the technical feasibility of the proposed plant, while the economics analysis was done to ensure its cost competitiveness. The findings suggested that 19.2 MW of electricity could be generated from the flare gases. This could be achieved at a life cycle cost of 19.24 billion naira, and a unit cost of energy of 13.47 naira per kWh. Parametric simulation of interest rate, excess combustion air, exit temperature of flue gases, and expansion ratio of gas turbine were also done. Furthermore, the proposed power plant could meet the electricity needs of not less than 60,000 households in Delta State where the gas production facility is located at 550 kWh electricity per capita. The study has shown that gas‐to‐wire is one of the viable approaches to tackle gas flaring activities in Nigeria, to meet both the energy demand of its people and to preserve the environment. Thus, it is recommended that the Federal Government of Nigeria should give gas‐to‐wire a priority in its gas flaring utilization agenda.

A new achievement of satellite-based gas flaring volume estimation: decision tree modeling

A new achievement of satellite-based gas flaring volume estimation: decision tree modeling

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Changes in Land Surface Temperature at Gas Flaring Sites in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Changes in Land Surface Temperature at Gas Flaring Sites in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Green hydrocarbons and fuels from municipal polymer waste co-fed with natural gas using a batch catalytic slurry process

Landfilled solid waste polymers were converted into high octane green fuels and hydrocarbons by a catalytic depolymerization process. Experiments were conducted in a batch catalytic reactor pressurized with methane as a co-feed. Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology was used for process optimization and parametric study. The operating conditions that maximize the liquids aromatic hydrocarbons were found using response optimizer tool. The reaction temperature and polymer to catalyst ratio (PCR) were found to have significant effects on the responses and methane pressure was not significant for yields of solids, liquids and gaseous products. However, pressurized methane facilitated dehydrocyclization reactions resulting in increased monoaromatic hydrocarbons in the final liquid products. Experiments conducted with methane feed at optimized reaction conditions resulted in 89% aromatic hydrocarbons, 8% paraffins and about 3% other hydrocarbons in liquid products. Aromatic products included benzene (6.5%), toluene (25%), xylenes (27%), ethylbenzene (4.5%), other monoaromatics (22%) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (4%). Gaseous products contained propylene (47%) and hydrogen (23.9%). The utilization of waste polymers as feedstock materials, flare gas (methane) as a co-feed, and zeolite catalysts makes this batch zeolitic slurry process greener, resulting in green hydrocarbons and green fuels.

Acoustic evidence of hydrocarbon release associated with the Spitsbergen Transform Fault, north of the Molloy Ridge, Fram Strait

Hydrocarbon gases formed from biotic and abiotic processes are released through the seafloor at different locations around the world. They have been widely observed directly in video and photo data, and indirectly on echosounder data. Even though biotic gas generation is a very common process, abiotic gas generation is limited to regions where serpentinization of ultramafic rocks occur. Indications of abiotic gas occurrences are therefore sparse and much speculated upon. Here, we investigated the Spitsbergen Transform Fault, the Molloy Ridge, the Molloy Deep, and the Molloy Transform Fault/Fracture Zone, (a transform fault-bounded pull-a-part region offshore western Svalbard) where both processes may be active. Multiple acoustic gas flares, ∼1,770 and ∼3355 m high above the seafloor (tallest ever recorded), were observed indicating active migration and seepage of hydrocarbons. The proximity to the mid oceanic ridge and the documented high heat flow suggests the influence of high temperatures on organic-rich sedimentary deposits. Deep seismic data and other geological information available indicate that the main source of gas could be from thermal cracking of either pre- or syn-rift source rock organic material, potentially mixed with methane from serpentinization of mantle rocks (peridotites). Correlation with seismic stratigraphy from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 910 and 912 on the adjacent Yermak Plateau suggests that the sedimentary source rocks may be present at the northern flank of the Molloy Ridge and within the deep graben along the Spitsbergen Transform Fault. The ∼3 km thick sedimentary succession in high heat flow zones within the transform fault and the active bounding faults allow generation and migration of hydrocarbons to the seafloor and sustains present day seepage.

Impact of The Legal Environment On Nigeria’s National Economic Development

This study examined the impact of legal environment on Nigeria's national economic development. The Environment plays significant role in the development of the economic advancement of any nation, as the natural resources like fossil fuels and minerals bring about the production of goods and services. A healthy environment provides necessities like clear water, good food and clean air; and provides ways to fight natural hazards. Thus, laws have been put in place to protect our general safety, ensure our rights as individuals are not threatened by our environments, organizations or by the government itself. Enforcing these laws, rules and regulations is good for growth and economic development. The study embraced a doctrinal approach making use of laws, legislations and related literature. It was found out despite environmental laws and assessment in place to enhance economic growth, the Nigerian environment is not there yet there as there exist absence of a safe and conducive environment which can bring about economic growth and development. It was also found out that despite the myriad of laws and legislations that are meant to safeguarding the environment, there had been little or no significant economic growth as a result of ineffective prosecution of environmental offenders, constant pollution, exorbitant cost of pollution control equipment and gas flaring amongst others. The study concludes by proffering recommendations, which if adhered to would advance economic growth and development.

Reliable sustainable management strategies for flare gas recovery: technical, environmental, modeling, and economic assessment: a comprehensive review.

The gas flaring network is an inseparable constituent commonly present in most of the oil and gas refineries and petrochemical facilities conferring reliable operational parameters. The improper disposal of burn-off gases improperly results in environmental problems and loss of economic resources. In this regard, waste to energy transforming nexus, in accord with the "carbon neutrality" term, has potentially emerged as a reasonable pathway to preserve our planet. In a transdisciplinary manner, the present review article deeply outlines the different up-to-date strategies developed to recover the emitted gases (flaring minimization) into different value-added products. To analyze the recovery potential of flare gases, different technologies, and decision-making factors have been critically reviewed to find the best recovery methods. We recommend more straightforward recovery methods despite lower profits. In this regard, electricity generation seems to be an appropriate option for application in small amounts of flaring. However, several flare gas utilization processes such as syngas manufacturing, reinjection of gas into petroleum reservoirs, and production of natural gas liquid (NGL) are also recommended as options because of their economic significance, technological viability (both onshore and offshore), and environmental benefits. Moreover, the adopted computational multi-scale data assimilation for predictive modeling of flare gas recovery scenarios has been systematically reviewed, summarized, and inspected.

Methane seeps on the U.S. Atlantic margin: An updated inventory and interpretative framework

Since the discovery of >570 methane flares on the northern U.S. Atlantic margin between Cape Hatteras and Georges Bank in the last decade, the acquisition of thousands of kilometers of additional water column imaging data has provided greater coverage at water depths between the outer continental shelf and the lower continental slope. The additional high-resolution data reveal >1400 gas flares, but the removal of probable duplicates from the combined database of new flares and those recognized in 2014 yields ∼1139 unique sites. Most of these sites occur in clusters of 5 or more seeps, leaving about 275 unique locations (including 47 clusters) for seepage along the margin. As a function of depth, seep distribution is heavily skewed toward the upper continental slope at water depths shallower than 400 m on the southern New England margin and ∼ 550 m in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, with additional seeps clustered at ∼1100 m and just deeper than ∼1400 m in both sectors. Despite little ongoing tectonic deformation or active faulting on this passive margin, a variety of processes driven from below the seafloor (e.g., migration of fluids along faults or through permeable strata, seepage above diapirs or other pre-existing structures) and from above (e.g., erosion, sapping, unroofing) contribute to the development of seeps in different settings along the margin. In addition, the prevalence of seeps on promontories overlooking shelf-breaking canyons may be directly related to the three-dimensional nature of the hydrate stability zone in these locations. As a function of depth, the parts of the slope at the contemporary landward limit of gas hydrate stability are devoid of seeps, and the upper slope zones with the most concentrated seepage were not within the gas hydrate stability zone even during the Last Glacial Maximum. Thus, if the large number of upper slope seeps is at least partially sourced in gas hydrate degradation, the gas emitted at these seeps must have migrated there from greater depths on the continental slope.

Methane gas flares in the forearc basin of the Andaman-Nicobar subduction zone

Gas hydrates deposits in the Andaman forearc basin are inferred from seismic data and confirmed by drilling/coring during the NGHP-01 expedition. We present new evidence of gas flares in the Andaman forearc basin, detected through water column image (WCI), subbottom profiling, and high-resolution seismic data acquired onboard RV Sindhu Sadhana (SSD-085) in November-December 2021. The gas flares are located over an elongated sedimentary ridge, featuring two prominent mounds (M1 and M2) with distinct geological features. Compressional tectonics induced by the Diligent fault (DLF) formed the ridge with varying slopes and elevations. Gas flares observed above the mound M1 in WCI and sub-bottom profiler data. Seafloor samples reveal carbonate rocks with visible pores, indicating gas/fluid migration or burrows. The regional seismic profile delineates three sedimentary sequences: folded and faulted strata, mass transport deposits, and horizontal-to-sub-horizontal sedimentary layers. Additionally, we observed a bottom simulating reflector (BSR), indicating potential subsurface gas hydrate deposits. Detailed high-resolution seismic data revealed complex fault systems near bathymetry mounds (M1 and M2), which may serve as pathways for vertical fluid/gas migration.

Environmental Racism in Nigeria’s Niger Delta: An Ethical Appraisal

Nigeria’s Niger Delta is plagued by serious environmental problems. These environmental problems include oil spillage, pollution, deforestation, biodiversity destruction, and so forth. Many of the environmental problems in the Niger Delta arise from the anthropogenic activities of multinational oil companies. While these environmental problems, which have caused widespread environmental degradation, are well discussed in light of environmental justice, the reality—that these problems are also precipitated by environmental racist attitudes and practices—is not receiving just attention. This article argues that the environmental problems in the Niger Delta should be seen from the perspective of environmental racism. Through critical hermeneutics and analytic methods, the article shows that what is taking place in the Niger Delta can be called environmental racism. The Niger Delta peoples and cultures have disproportionately suffered from the burden and effects of oil exploration and exploitation activities. Many practices taking place in the Niger Delta, such as gas flaring, use of obsolete oil equipment, and so forth, will not be tolerated in Western countries where the headquarters of multinational oil companies are located. The article finds that unacceptable levels of environmental racism are taking place in the Niger Delta. The article concludes that there is a need to promote environmental justice and mitigate the environmental problems in the Niger Delta.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕТОДІВ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ФІЗИЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ФАКЕЛУ ДОГОРЯННЯ ДИМОВИХ ГАЗІВ, ЯК ЗАСІБ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ПЕРЕБІГУ ФІЗИКО-ХІМІЧНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ В ПРОЦЕСАХ ВИПЛАВКИ СТАЛІ

The oxygen-converter process is accompanied by the release of a significant amount of off-gases, that under the conditions of postcombustion form a torch over the neck of the converter. Change the torch nature corresponds the peculiarities of the heat blowing. However, it is difficult to register and analyze the torch due to the significant temperature above the neck of the unit and the large amount of dust released during the blowing. The paper presents the results of physical modeling of methods of registration of physical indicators of flame, simulating a single flare, such as heat transfer from a gas torch, luminosity (brightness) in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectra and electrical characteristics of the torch. It was indicated the feasibility of using the measurement of electrical characteristics of the gas flare as a parameter to control the process (namely the difference of natural potentials), such as postcombustion, due to efficiency determination, the lack of significant impact on the accuracy of measurement of excess temperature and the degree of dust. Testing of this method on a high-temperature model showed compliance with the registered electrical characteristics of the system “blowing lance - metal bath-body of the unit” of a number of processes that occur during the blowing in the volume of the unit. By comparing the obtained measured indicators with the experimentally established indicators according to the parameters of technology and limit values, it is possible to draw conclusions, depending on their deviation, about the necessity, for example, change the position of the lance to achieve the desired result or perform other corrective operations and achieve the best technological results of the metal smelting.

Lean Gas-Flare-Tip Technology Reduces Emissions in the Gulf of Thailand

_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 216098, “Revolutionizing Sustainability: Achieving Net-Zero Emissions With Lean Gas-Flare-Tip Technology Breakthrough in the Gulf of Thailand,” by Nunthachai Amarutanon, Boonyakorn Assavanives, and Kantkanit Watanakun, PTTEP, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ In the complete paper, the authors describe an extremely low-BTU (ELBTU) flare-tip technology designed to help the oil and gas industry achieve net-zero targets. The operator embarked on a joint research and development project to address the limitations of high-heating-value requirements by designing the technology. The prototype was proved to successfully combust lower-heating-value flare gas, significantly outperforming existing technologies. Introduction The joint research and development project began work in 2018. The development of the described technology began with a literature survey on lean-gas-combustion theory. The project included multiple iterations of prototype design, simulation, and testing, with various parameter adjustments to optimize performance while considering a thorough range of combustion criteria. The design was studied through computational fluid dynamics simulation and tested to determine its operating envelope. Confidence in the performance and mechanical integrity of the final design has been proved by a series of prototype tests. Theory and Definitions Requirements and general functions that had to be achieved by the technology, all of which are detailed in the complete paper, included the following: - Maintain flame stability - Minimize burnback - Minimize flame pulldown - Ensure mechanical integrity The design of the ELBTU flare tip, shown in Fig. 1, includes an assist fire around the tip-perimeter discharge and spokes that penetrate the flare-gas discharge. The assist fire is designed as a supplementary gas burner where assist gas and assist air are delivered. Jet pumps are used to supply assist air to the assist gas burner, minimizing the line size for the assist air. With this design, assist gas and assist air are well-mixed, producing stable combustion and providing heat to the flare gas. A top hat was introduced to mitigate wind impact, retard the mixing of ambient air, and increase the time the flare gas remains at elevated temperatures. These benefits allow combustion of the assist gas and subsequent mixing of combustion radicals with the flare gas without the involvement of wind. Two of the major components, the assist fire ring and the spokes, were borrowed from existing tip designs that have proved reliable over decades of operation. Prototype Testing The prototype test investigated flare-tip performance by varying vent-gas low heating value (LHV), vent-gas exit velocity, assist-air flow rate, and assist-gas flow rate (related to heat release) with and without a wind generator and with and without the top hat. The wind generator was an upgrade to the test facility. The wind generator created a crosswind across the tip of over 32 km/h. The performance envelope was generated based on the acceptable operating points regarding two performance aspects of the flame characteristics (stability and quality). After hundreds of tests, it was found that the ELBTU flare tip was able to combust a vent gas having an LHV as low as 110 BTU/scf with acceptable flame stability and flame quality. To ensure mechanical integrity, a crucial factor to ensure that the ELBTU flare tip will have an acceptable service life, internal and external parts of the prototype were thoroughly investigated before and after testing. It was concluded that the design has acceptable mechanical integrity for this application.

An Appraisal of the Social- Legal Dynamics of Conflicts in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

The peculiar position and significance of the Niger Delta region to the economic and political stability of Nigeria is self-evident. As the region with the largest deposit of crude oil and gas which is the mainstay of the economy, the Niger Delta necessarily occupies a central place in the economic destiny of the country. It is pedestrian that the exploration and exploitation of crude oil is now a common phenomenon in the area and the presence of numerous oil locations and gas flare points all over the region is a clear confirmation of the prevalence of oil related activities in the Niger Delta. This paper examines the various types and causes of conflicts pervading the Niger Delta Region till date and notes that unless there is equitable distribution of the proceeds of the petroleum sector and a buy-in of the relevant stakeholders, the drivers of the conflict ravaging the region will continue to thrive.

Making the Invisible Visible: The Effects of Gas Flaring on Artisanal Fisheries in the Down-Stream Area of Taylor Creek, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

RATIONALE: Gas flaring is a significant environmental concern in many regions, including the downstream area of Taylor Creek, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Its impact on artisanal fisheries, a vital economic activity in the area, warrants investigation to understand the extent of its effects. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effects of gas flaring on artisanal fisheries in the downstream area of Taylor Creek, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, from August 2023 to January 2024. METHODS: Structured questionnaires were utilized in a descriptive survey research design to collect data during the specified period. RESULTS: The study found that gas flaring profoundly affects artisanal fisheries activities in the area. These effects include a drastic reduction in fish catch, extinction of certain fish species, increased fish prices, indiscriminate fish mortality, disrupted fishing schedules, altered water body dynamics, impaired spawning activities, fish migration, and economic hardships for fishers. Additionally, gas flaring contributes to fish size reduction, abandonment of the fishing sector by artisanal fishers, increased time spent on fishing, and accelerated degradation of fishing implements. CONCLUSION: Gas flaring negatively impacts artisanal fisheries in the downstream area of Taylor Creek, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Urgent measures are necessary to mitigate these effects and preserve the local ecosystem. RECOMMENDATION: To address these issues, it is recommended that gas flaring be utilized for beneficial purposes such as gas injection or electricity generation. Government intervention is needed to restore extraction areas, and companies must adopt safe and environmentally friendly operations to prevent further environmental degradation. Additionally, new legislation should be enacted to protect the environment and control pollution caused by gas flaring in the study area. These measures are essential for safeguarding the environment and sustaining artisanal fisheries in the region.

Distribution, Levels, Potential Sources and Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Ogbia communities of Bayelsa State, Niger Delta, Nigeria

The occurrence of toxic metals in atmospheric particulate matter is of high risk to human health. Hence, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the distribution, concentrations, potential sources and human health risk assessment of trace metals in atmospheric particulate matter in Ogbia communities of Bayelsa State, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Samples of atmospheric particulate matter were digested using a mixture of acids, and quantification of trace metals was achieved using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Model: Buck 230 ATS). The concentration (µg m-3) of trace metals in atmospheric particulate matter ranged as follows: Pb (<0.010 - 0.060), Cd (<0.010 - 0.880), Ni (<0.010 - 0.028), Cu (<0.010 - 0.046), Zn (<0.010 - 0.028), and Co (<0.010 - 0.021). Except nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd), other metal concentrations were below the US EPA limits. Principal component analysis indicated a common source of the studied metals and two major factors (gas flaring and uncontrollable fossil fuel combustion) were identified; while non-carcinogenic risk due to inhalation indicated negligible health risk. Therefore, hazardous effects due to inhalation of trace metals in atmospheric particulate matter in the study area is minimal.

Economic Sustainability and Gas Flaring in Nigeria

The crude oil exploration leads to the flaring gas, which affects Nigerian economic sustainability. The empirical study is to inquire about the profitable (economic) sustainability of the flaring of natural gaseous substances in Nigeria. The survey is to employ the ready-made design through the National Bureau of Statistics, Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, Department of Petroleum Resources, and World Development Indicators. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Augmented Dickey-Fuller test are employed as the estimation technique and unit root test for long-range presence association between the exogenous and explained variables. The findings of the study showed an insignificantly positive outcome of profitable (economic) growth on natural gas flaring in Nigeria. The current employment rate showed a positively insignificant impact on the gas flare. The current oil revenue value showed a positively significant impact on gas flaring. Meanwhile, the oil revenue lag showed an insignificantly negative impact on Nigerian naturally flared gaseous substances. The research recommends that the relevant natural gas authorities should put in place stringent laws to reduce the flaring of natural gas consequences to the well-being of humans, the environment, and the economic growth and development of the country. Alternatively, the government should encourage sound and viable gas flaring processes of industrial and domestic usage.

Validation of a New Method for Continuous Flare Combustion Efficiency Monitoring

A new method is described for calculating flare combustion efficiency (CE) and destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) using a numerical parametric model. The method combines key variables that affect flare performance including the flare vent gas net heating value (NHV), flare design, flow rate, exit velocity, and inert gas composition, alongside the environmental influence of crosswind speed. Each effect is characterized using a parametric model derived from experimental testing data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The inclusion of CFD allows the model to be extended into the high-wind conditions that cannot be adequately controlled for in empirical testing yet represent some of the most challenging conditions in which to maintain good combustion. This new parametric model method (PMM) is coupled with ultrasonic flowmeters from which the molecular weight and net heating value of the flare gas can be derived using the vent gas speed of sound measurement. In doing so, this method provides a reliable continuous flare combustion efficiency measure that can be deployed at scale with minimum hardware updates. The system was verified using an extractive sampling method with tests conducted on three full-scale industrial flares including non-assisted, single-arm pressure-assisted, and multi-arm pressure-assisted flare designs. A total of seventy valid test points were carried out with varying flow rate and flare gas heating value, covering a CE range from 46–100%. The uncertainty of the method was assessed using both traditional error propagation and Monte Carlo methodology. The results from the new method agree with the extractive method to within 0.8% in the ≥98% DRE region where flares are expected to operate to limit the impacts of flaring as a source of methane as a greenhouse gas. Uncertainty analysis revealed that the larger DRE discrepancy for DRE ≤ 98% correlates to the measurement uncertainties for both methods.

Optimized flare gas recovery technology with consideration of life cycle assessment, reliability analyses, and uncertainity of parameters

One of the most important sources of carbon dioxide emissions is gas flaring from oil wells. In addition to having an adverse effect on the environment, burning gases with a high energy value causes significant economic losses. The present work evaluated the best allocation for flare gas recovery technologies between eleven technologies considering life cycle assessment, reliability, and uncertainty analysis of some economic parameters in Iran's oil field. By choosing three objective functions, i.e., the carbon dioxide emission reduction, return payback period, and global warming by life cycle assessment analysis, the best combination of system was selected from eleven technologies using the genetic (NSGAII) algorithm and decision-making technique (TOPSIS) simultaneously. It was shown that the technology's reliability affects the best solution. Correspondingly, the integration of an enhanced oil recovery plant and a natural gas liquid at the capital investment of 120 M$ and a benefit of 263 M$ annually, with a repayment period of nine months, CO2 reduction of 1314,579 tons per year, and global warming effect of 699,820 tone CO2 equivalent was introduced as the best technology.

RETRACTED: Olujobi, Olusola Joshua. 2020. Analysis of the Legal Framework Governing Gas Flaring in Nigeria’s Upstream Petroleum Sector and the Need for Overhauling. Social Sciences 9: 132

The Social Science Editorial Office retracts the article, “Analysis of the Legal Framework Governing Gas Flaring in Nigeria’s Upstream Petroleum Sector and the Need for Overhauling” (Olujobi 2020), cited above [...]

Review[sbnd]Recent developments on applying acoustic waves for efficiency improvements of different thermofluids systems

This review classified recent works using proper acoustic waves to develop more efficient thermofluids systems for different industrial equipment such as swirl combustor, jet in crossflow, gas flare, different types of heat exchangers, cooling mechanism, aircraft wings, and turbine blades. For the swirl combustor, the range of proper excitation Strouhal number and jet pulsation intensity depends on the type of fuel, geometry of burner, swirl number, and central and annular Reynolds numbers. The combined effects of early jet break up, and centrifugal force induced by proper acoustic waves can lead to higher jet spread rate that can induce higher levels of mixing of the fuel and air in swirl combustor, improving combustion efficiency. For the transverse jet, the range of proper excitation Strouhal number and jet pulsation intensity depends on the type of fuel, geometry, and angle and direction of the burner, and jet and cross flow Reynolds numbers. Proper acoustic excitation can force the transverse jet flow to synchronized shear layer vortices. This phenomenon can cause the new vortices to appear in the upwind shear layer region of the deflected jet; then the spread, penetration, entrainment, and dispersion of the jet significantly increases, improving combustion efficiency. For the aircraft wing, vertical acoustic excitation significantly improves the lift force when the sound frequency is equal to the period of flow fluctuation in the separated boundary layer. For the heat exchanger, the ultrasonic transducer can be installed on the walls of a heat exchanger with direct contact to the fluid, improving the heat transfer coefficient. The physics of fluids behind the efficiency improvements of all mentioned cases were also clarified. Moreover, the acoustically excited impinging jets with higher cooling efficiency applied in different areas are discussed. Proper acoustic forcing can decrease the rate of unstable frequencies of disturbances related to impinging jets over a short distance. This phenomenon can significantly enhance heat transfer and improve cooling efficiency. This review paper provides insight into how acoustic waves could improve the efficiency of thermofluids systems in a variety of applications. Acoustic excitation could have the potential capability to improve the efficiency of new applications such as wind, gas or steam turbines, some types of industrial chemical mixers with parallel plane jets, aircraft wings or those of unmanned aerial vehicles, more efficient combustion chambers, and less polluting gas flares. However, the feasibility of this concept requires further investigation by the community in the future.