Flamingo Balance Test Research Articles

A comparison of static and dynamic balance performance in adolescent male wrestlers and judoists

Summary Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the dominant and non-dominant legs in respect of dynamic and static balance and to examine the effect of sport type, sportive experience and BMI on the static and dynamic balance of adolescent male judoists and wrestlers. The results of the study could be beneficial for the prevention of injury to the athletes and could be applied to training management. Methods The study included 54 healthy, male, adolescent wrestlers and judoists (mean age: 15.81 ± 0.87 years; height: 165.01 ± 8.73 cm; weight: 62.01 ± 11.94 kg). Static and dynamic balance were assessed using the flamingo balance test (FBT) and the star excursion balance test (SEBT) in an institution-based sports sciences department. Results No statistically significant differences were determined between the dominant and non-dominant leg in the normalized SEBT reach distances (P > 0.05). The static balance performance scores were compared between the groups and the judoists were found to have higher static balance performance than the wrestlers (P Conclusion Both adolescent judoists and wrestlers were found to have higher static and dynamic balance scores compared to other sports branches, and the judoists were determined to have better static and dynamic balance performances than the wrestlers.

Motor Abilities: Identification of Development Level in Boys Aged 12-14

The study objective is to determine the possibility of identifying the state of strength abilities development in boys aged 12-14, using the methodology of multidimensional statistics.
 Materials and methods. The study involved boys: 12 (n =35), 13 (n = 36), 14 (n = 36) years old. The study used the following methods: analysis and collation of scientific and methodological literature, general scientific methods of theoretical level, such as analogy, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, as well as general scientific methods of empirical level: observation, testing, experiment. The testing program included well-known tests.
 Results. In identifying the state of motor abilities development in boys aged 12-14, the most important results were obtained in tests: 10 “Squats Test (two legs), quantity of times” (0.519), 9 “Trunk Lift Test, quantity of times” (0.497), 21 “Flamingo Balance Test - single leg balance test” (-0.496), 1 “Pull-Up / Chin Up Test (low crossbar), quantity of times” (0.428), 19 “Hand Tapping Test, sec.” (-0.427), 20 “Seated Forward Bend, cm” (-0.412), 5 “The subject lies in prone position, arms bent at the elbow 90 degrees - hold position in seconds” (0.408). These tests characterize the comprehensive development of motor abilities in boys aged 12-14. 
 In identifying the state of motor abilities development in boys aged 13-14, the most important results were obtained in tests: 8 “Decline Reverse Crunch on Bench, quantity of times” (-0.989), 11 “Single Leg Squat (SLS) Test - right leg, quantity of times” (0.965), 1 “Pull-Up / Chin Up Test (low crossbar), quantity of times” (0.676), №13 “Single Leg Squat (Pistol) - right leg” (0.682), 17 “Eurofit Sit Up Test (for 30 sec.), quantity of times” (0.454). These tests characterize the development level of relative and static leg strength, strength endurance of abdominal muscles, and dynamic strength of shoulder muscles.
 Conclusions. A discriminant analysis made it possible to determine informative indicators for comprehensive control of motor abilities development in boys aged 12-14; to answer the question as to how significantly the states of motor abilities development in boys aged 12, 13 and 14 differ; what motor tests most substantially influence the differentiation of classes; what class the object belongs to based on the values of discriminant variables.
 To identify the level of motor abilities development in boys aged 12-14 years, it is necessary to focus on the indicators of relative strength and strength endurance; in boys aged 13 and 14 years – on the indicators of strength endurance of abdominal muscles and endurance of leg muscles.

Examining the Effect of Acute Whole-Body Vibration on Static and Dynamic Balance in Physical Education Students

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of acute Whole Body Vibration (WBV) on static and dynamic balance in physical education students. A total of 30 healthy physical education students participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups as the Control Group (n = 15) and the Whole Body Vibration group (n = 15). The control group did not carry out any trainings; and the WBV group did acute WBV. The first measurements of height, weight, flamingo balance test for static balance, and the Y balance test for dynamic balance were made for both groups before applying the WBV program. The final measurements were made right after the WBV application. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The values that were obtained from the pre-test and post-test were analyzed with the paired sample t-test after their normality was checked with the Shapire-Wilk Test. The comparisons between the groups were analyzed by using an independent sample t-test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The flamingo balance test was applied to determine the static balance values. According to the flamingo balance test, there was a significant difference between the right leg pre-test and post-test values of the WBV group (p < 0.05). A significant difference was detected between the left leg pre-test and post-test values of the WBV group (p < 0.05). The Y balance test was applied to determine the dynamic balance results. There was a significant difference between the right leg pre-test and post-test values of the WBV group (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the left leg pre-test and post-test values of the WBV group. It was determined that the acute WBV has a positive effect on static and dynamic balance.

The physical features suitable for classical ballet training.

The aim of this study was to determine the prerequisite physical features of classical ballet education. Students who enrolled and were rejected for the applications of State Conservatory Ballet Main Art Branch in the academic year 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 were compared with their exam results. This study involves defining the physical ability and determining physical fitness by using Eurofit tests including the Flamingo Balance test (FB), Plate Tapping (PT), Sit and Reach (SITR), Standing Broad Jump (SBJ), Handgrip test (HG), Sit Up in 30 Seconds (SU) and Shuttle Run 10 × 5 meter (SR), Heath-Carter somatotyping method and anthropometric measurements which determine ballet students' body type and physical abilities. Sixty-nine girls between 8-11 years old who applied for ballet education at the State Conservatory Ballet Main Art Branch were included in the study. While the average of age, height and weight measurements of enrolled students were 9.40 ± 0.74 year, 1.38 ± 0.08 m and 30.03 ± 4.73 kg respectively, the same dimensions were found in rejected students, i.e. 9.79 ± 0.94 year, 1.40 ± 0.10 m and 35.59 ± 7.31 kg respectively. Measurements of diameter, circumference and subcutaneous fat were lower (p< 0.05) for enrolled students. The major body type of enrolled students was identified as mesomorphy, whereas the major body type of rejected students was identified as endomorphy. All dimensions of the Eurofit tests, except the strength test, were significantly different in enrolled students (p< 0.05). The parameters used in this study can be convenient in objectively evaluating classical ballet education.

11-13 Yaş Erkek Taekwondo Sporcularının Somatotip Yapıları ve Performans Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Bu araştırma, Trabzon ili Akçaabat ilçesinde taekwondo sporu ile ilgilenen 11-13 yaş grubu sporcuların antropometrik, somatotip ve motorik performans özelliklerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Bu amaçla, 19 erkek (yaş 12,16±0,69 yıl, boy 151,71±7,03 cm, vücut ağırlığı 46,19±10,54 kg) sporcunun araştırmaya gönüllü katılımı sağlandı. Sporcuların somatotip yapılarının tespit edilmesi amacıyla Heath-Carter yöntemi; motorik performansların tespit edilmesi amacıyla 20 metre sürat testi, Flamingo denge testi, dikey sıçrama testi, durarak uzun atlama testi, otur eriş esneklik testi, 30 saniye mekik testi, 30 saniye şınav testi, Illinois çeviklik testi ve Multistage Shuttle Run aerobik güç testi kullanıldı. Sporcuların anaerobik güçleri ise, Lewis nomogramı ile tespit edildi. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS 25.0 istatistik programı kullanıldı ve anlamlılık düzeyi olarak p&amp;lt;0,05 değeri alındı. Sporcuların motorik performans seviyeleri ile somatotip yapıları arasındaki ilişkilerin tespit edilebilmesi için Spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanıldı. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular; sporcuların endomorfik- mezomorf (4-5-3) bir yapıda olduğunu ve somatotip yapıları ile motorik performans seviyeleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu gösterdi (p&amp;lt;0,05). Sonuç olarak, sporcuların vücut kompozisyonu ve somatotip yapıları, onların sportif performanslarını etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçların sporda yetenek seçimi ve yönlendirme alanındaki mevcut literatüre ve ilgili spor insanlarına katkıda bulunacağı kanaatindeyiz.

THE INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ECCENTRIC EXERCISES ON SOME MOTORIC CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUTH SOCCER PLAYERS

There are various training programs to improve sportive performance so that soccer-specific technical skills can be realized more easily. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of the training program that including eccentric and concentric contractions on strength, balance and agility in young soccer players. 26 male soccer players (age:12±1.6years) who played in an amateur sport club participated voluntarily to the study. Pre-tests were taken before the training program. There were two groups of athletes; the experimental group (EG; n=13) were applied exercises that including eccentric and concentric contractions while Control Group players (CG; n=13) continued their traditional soccer trainings. The post-tests were taken at the end of the 8-week training program. Pre- and post-test included flamingo balance test (FB), y balance test (YB), standing long jump test (SLJ), vertical jump test (VJ) and Illinois test (IT). When the obtained data were examined, EG athletes were statistically improved in all the parameters in the pre-, and post-test (p 0.05). When the differences between the groups were examined, it was statistically significant in the y balance test (p<0.05; p=0.032) and Illinois test (p<0.05; p=0.022) parameters for respectively determining the dynamic balance and agility of EG athletes compared to CG athletes (p<0.05). As a conclusion, eccentric and concentric contraction exercises performed before soccer specific training programs seem to be effective on dynamic balance and agility. It is also thought that such training programs could improve the performance of the athletes, and prevent them from lower extremity injuries.

P29-S The effect of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation on balance tests in healthy young

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies showed positive results about postural control and motor adaptation especially in patients and older adults. We aimed to investigate the effect of cerebellar anodal stimulation on balance tests. Besides, errors and reaction time (RT) were also measured by continuous performance test. Eleven young healthy volunteers participated in the study. Two different cerebellar tDCS applications were performed with 1-week interval (anodal-sham). tDCS was applied 2 mA for 20 min (anod on vermis). Y-balance test, flamingo balance test and continuous performance test (CPT) were applied before and after each tDCS. Participants and balance tests raters were blind to tDCS. Test scores and number of errors, omissions and RT were compared between anodal and sham tDCS. There was no significant difference between anodal and sham tDCS in terms of Y-balance, flamingo balance test scores and number of errors and omissions in CPT (p = 0.9, p = 0.7, p = 0.6, p = 0.5 respectively). There was a significant delay in RT in anodal stimulation compared to sham (p = 0.02).The positive effect of tDCS on postural control in patients and old adults in previous studies was not elicited in the tests we used in healthy young. On the other hand, although the number of errors did not increase, the delay in reaction time is not a desired effect for performance enhancement. As a result of the study, there was no evidence to support the use of cerebellar tDCS to improve balance performance in healthy young individuals.

Klaipėdos bokso klubo „Čempionas“ suaugusių boksininkų fizinis pajėgumas

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English] The sports results of boxers and their success depend on a number of factors, but mostly on the effectiveness of sports training. The continual practice process is a rather complex system that can be managed using a variety of types, forms, tools and methods of control. However, the main attention in box is paid on the physical capacity of athletes related to the movement capabilities, since the boxing results in competitions essentially depends on it. There is not so much of scientific research on the physical capacity of boxers; therefore, it was relevant to analyze the peculiarities of physical preparation of adult boxers in this article as well as to study their physical capacity. The object of the research is the physical capacity of adult boxers of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas”. The aim of the research is to study the physical capacity of adult boxers of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas”. Research objectives: 1. To study the physical capacity of adult boxers of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas”. 2. To compare the results of physical capacity of athletes of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas” with the reference scores of residents Lithuania. The research methods were theoretical (analysis of scientific literature), empirical (testing) and statistical analysis of data. The research was conducted in February – April, 2018 in the sports hall of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas” and Klaipėda City Central Stadium. In order to study the physical capacity of adult boxers, the following research methods were used: analysis of scientific literature, testing and mathematical statistics. The 44 boxers of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas” have volunteered to participate in the research. The following tests on physical capacity have been performed to assess the respondents: sit and lie, crossbar pull-ups, sit and seek, hand grip, standing long jump, flamingo balance test, hand bending and stretching in a lying position, shuttle run – 10 × 5 meter, 3 km run. After examining the physical capacity of the adult boxers of Klaipėda Boxing Club “Cempionas”, it was determined that the average score for the “sit and lie” test was 35.8 ± 3.64 times; the average score of the crossbar pull-ups test was 19.5 ± 3.34 times; the average score of the test for hand-bending and stretching was 91.4 ± 18.55 times; 3 km running – 13 min 54 s ± 1 min 3 s; “sit and seek” – 27 ± 5.83 cm; the average score for the right and left hand grip, respectively 57.5 ± 5.7 and 56.2 ± 4.33 kg; standing long jump – 263.2 ± 17.76 cm; the average score of “Flamingo test” was 0.6 ± 0.58 times. Comparing the results of the physical capacity of the boxers with the reference scales of the physical capacity of the Lithuanian residents, it was found that the boxers statistically significantly performed more sit-ups from the lying position during 30 s, more crossbar pull-ups, push-ups, they were more agile and had a better balance (p 0.05). Keywords: boxers, men, physical capacity. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15823/sm.2019.95.6

THE EVALUATION OF THE CONNECTION BETWEEN MOTOR PERFORMANCE SKILLS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF THE GIRLS

The Purpose: This study was done for evaluating the connection between motor performance skills and body composition of the girls between 6-10 ages. The Method: 57 schoolgirls between 6-10 ages were included to the study. Weight, Age, Height, Body Mass Index (BMI), Free Fat Mass (FFM), Lean Muscle Mass (LMM), Body Fat Mass (BFM) and Body Fat Percentage (BFP) values were measured with (Inbody 230) branded tanita. Long jump, right hand and left hand strength, back strength, 20 meters speed test, sit & reach test, 1 minute pull-up and flamingo balance tests were applied to the participants. Results: Pearson Correlation Test was applied for the analysis by using SPSS 23.0 program. According to the results, the average age is (8,00±,926) years, the average height is (128,7±6,64) cm and the average weight is (28,6±6,67) kg. There is a statistically meaningful relation between long jump, right hand, left hand, back strength, flamingo balance test and BFM, FFM, LMM, BMI and BFP at the (p<0.01) level. However, there is no relation found between 20 meters speed test, sit & reach test, 1 minute pull-up test and body composition parameters. Discussion and Conclusion: At the end of our study, we can say that there is a meaningful relation in a positive way between some motor performance skills and body composition of the girls. Article visualizations:

An Analysis over Physical and Physiological Parameters of Elementary School Children Taking Part in A Sport Climbing Exercise

This study is intended to analyze any improvement in flexibility, balance, strength (hand, grip, arm, torso, leg) and physiological (body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage) parameters for elementary school children with no background of sport climbing in a sport climbing training they attend. The physical and physiological parameters of the subjects were measured at the outset of the study and at the end of month two. Height (H), body weight (W), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), Flamingo Balance Test (FBT) for balance, Sit and Reach Test (SRT) for flexibility, Standing Broad Jump (SBJ) for explosive leg power, Sit-Ups Test (SUT) to be performed in 30 seconds for abdominal strength, Bent Arm Hang (BAH) test for endurance, hand grip strength (HGS) test for grip, and 10 x 5 meter shuttle run (SR) tests for sprint speed were conducted as a part of preliminary and posttests. The subjects took part in a 90-minute sport climbing exercise on a daily basis. The results of the preliminary and posttests pointed to a significant difference of p<.001 in body weight, body mass index, balance, flexibility, torso strength, arm strength, grip strength and sprint speed, and of p<.005 in body fat percentage. There was no significant difference between preliminary and post test results of the students who did not take part in any sport climbing exercise. In conclusion, physical and physiological parameters of students who take up sport climbing as early as in an elementary school do improve.

The Effect of Balance Exercises on Speed and Agility in Physical Education Lessons

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 8-week balance exercises on the speed and agility in 10-12 year-old children in physical education lessons. A total of 789 students participated in the study voluntarily. The students were randomly divided into two as experimental group (n=399) and control group (n=390). In addition to their physical education lessons, the experimental group participated in the balance training program 3 days a week, for 8 weeks. The control group students only participated in physical education lessons. Height, body weight, body fat ratio measurements were taken before and after exercise program, flamingo balance test, 20 m speed test and Illinois agility test were applied. The data were evaluated in SPSS 16 program. T-test was used in dependent and independent groups in statistical analysis (p 0.05). As a result of the study, it was determined that balance exercises have a positive effect on speed, agility and balance performance.

Comparison of Children's Motor Performances by Age and Gender

The aim of this study is to investigate motor performance of children by age and gender. A total of 160 children (80 girls and 80 boys) participated in this study voluntarily. Children were divided into 4 groups according to their gender (girls and boys) and age (11 and 12 years). One Way ANOVA and LSD tests were used. There were statistically significant differences in height and weight in all groups. Sit and reach, sit-up, 30 meter sprint and bent arm hang tests results showed that there were statistically significant differences between girls and boys in all age groups. There was no statistically significant difference in plate tapping test. According to the results of the flamingo balance test, a statistically significant difference was found between the age groups. The standing long jump results from 12 year old boys and 11 year old girls are more than the 11 year old boys and 12 year old girls. Participants anthropometric and motor performance test results were among the normal values. Physical characteristics and motor performance parameters vary by age and gender.

Comparison of Physical Fitness of Turkish and Iraqi Sedentary Boys

In this study, it is aimed to compare the anthropometric and physical fitness values of Turkish and Iraqi sedentary boys who were educated in 2017-2018 education year. A total of 68 boys, aged 13,60 + 0,60 with 35 Turkish and 13,81 + 0,84 with 33 Iraqi, who had no health problems and no disadvantages in entering the physical education course, participated voluntarily. Anthropometric measurements (age, height, weight, body mass index) of the boys participating in the study were taken. Eurofit Test Battery tests (flamingo balance test, sit-in flexibility test, standing long jump test, paw force test, shuttle test, twisted arm hanging test, disk touch test, 10 × 5 meter agility running test, and vo2 max shuttle running test). The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of all measurements are calculated. Statistical analyzes of the measurements were made in the SPSS 22 program. Regular measurement of physical fitness values, including the physical and anthropometric characteristics of secondary school children, can be used to monitor the physical fitness levels and to set national norms by arranging criteria related to the physical characteristics of students. In addition to this, it can also contribute to the healthy growth of children, to the efficient human power and to the selection of qualified athletes.

Physical Fitness and Body Composition in 10-12-Year-Old Danish Children in Relation to Leisure-Time Club-Based Sporting Activities.

This study investigated whether the physical fitness and body composition of 10–12-year-old Danish children are related to participation in leisure-time club-based sporting activities. The study involved 544 Danish 10–12-year-old 5th-grade municipal schoolchildren (269 boys and 275 girls, 11.1 ± 0.4 years). After answering a questionnaire about leisure-time sporting activities, the children were divided into four groups: football club participation (FC; n=141), other ball games (OBG; n=42), other sports (OS; n=194), and no sports-club participation (NSC; n=167). The children completed a battery of health and fitness tests, including a 20 m sprint test, a standing long-jump test, the Yo-Yo IR1 children's test (YYIR1C), and body composition, blood pressure, resting heart rate (HRrest), and the flamingo balance test. The children engaged in club-based ball games (FC and OBG) had higher (p<0.05) lean body mass than NSC (FC: 17.5 ± 2.9; OBG: 18.4 ± 2.6; OS: 16.7 ± 2.9; NSC: 16.4 ± 2.8 kg), performed better (p<0.05) in the YYIR1C test (FC: 1083 ± 527; OBG: 968 ± 448; OS: 776 ± 398; NSC: 687 ± 378 m), and had lower (p<0.05) %HRmax after 1, 2, and 3 min of YYIR1C. Moreover, HRrest was lower (p<0.05) for FC than for OS and NSC (FC: 68 ± 9 vs OS: 72 ± 10 and NSC: 75 ± 10 bpm), and lower (p<0.05) for OBG than for NSC (OBG: 70 ± 10 vs NSC: 75 ± 10 bpm). This study found that 10–12-year-old Danish children engaged in club-based football and other ball games had better exercise capacity, lower resting heart rate, and higher muscle mass than children not engaged in leisure-time sports. Thus, participation in club-based leisure-time ball-game activities seems to be of importance for the fitness and health profile of prepubertal children.

Test-retest reliability and clinical correlates of the Eurofit test battery in people with alcohol use disorders

People with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Physical fitness is a predictor of CVD and premature mortality. Currently, no existing measures of physical fitness used in the general population have been tested for validity and reliability in this vulnerable population. Therefore, we examined the reproducibility, feasibility and correlates of the Eurofit test battery in this population. From 32 men (age = 40.8 ± 13.8years; illness duration = 10.2 ± 10.3years; body mass index, BMI = 24.8 ± 3.8) and 13 women (age = 41.9 ± 12.1years; illness duration = 13.7 ± 13.1years; BMI = 26.3 ± 4.9) with AUD two trials of the Eurofit test, administered within one week, were analyzed. All patients also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. All Eurofit items showed good reproducibility with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.82 for the flamingo balance test to 0.97 for the standing broad jump and handgrip strength tests. Better performance on Eurofit test items was associated with younger age, a shorter illness duration, a lower BMI and higher physical activity levels. The current study demonstrates that the Eurofit test can be recommended as a reliable test for evaluating the physical fitness of inpatients with alcohol use disorder.

Assessment of balance skills and falling risk in children with congenital bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss

ObjectiveTo evaluate the balance skills and falling risk in children with a congenital bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss (CBPSNHL). Methods25 children with CBPSNHL and healthy 25 children with similar age and gender were included in the study. The flamingo balance test, the tandem stance test, and the one-leg standing test were performed to assess the patients' static balance skills. The pediatric balance scale (PBS) was used to evaluate the dynamic balance. Visual analog scale (VAS) was applied to the patients assess the frequency of falls. ResultsThe flamingo balance test, the tandem stance test, and the one-leg standing test in the children with CBPSNHL were all significantly worse than the control group. Although the scores of PBS in patients with CBPSNHL were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.001), the results of both groups were consistent with a low risk of falls. There was no significant difference between the VAS scores indicating the frequency of falls among the groups (p = 0.552). ConclusionStatic and dynamic balance skills of the children with CBPSNHL are significantly impaired compared to their healthy peers. Children with CBPSNHL also have a lower risk of falling just like their healthy peers and there is no significant difference between their falling frequencies. Balance skills of children with CBPSNHL can be assessed quickly and effectively on a hard floor (eyes closed), with a tandem standing test or a one-leg standing test.

The Effects of Gymnastics Training Combined With Music in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down Syndrome

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gymnastics training combined with music on balance, loco-motor level and coordination in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and down syndrome (DS). This randomized, controlled experimental trial included 30 children (15 children with DS, 15 children with ASD) aged 8 to 14 years. The children were separated into 2 groups, as Group 1 in which ASD and Group 2 in which DS treated gymnastics training with music for 16 weeks, 2 days a week, 1.5-2 hours. Flamingo balance test, functional reach test, Wall Catch coordination test and flexibility test were used to evaluate balance, dynamic balance, loco-motor level and coordination, flexibility, respectively. All groups were evaluated before training and at the end of 16 weeks. When the pre-training and post-training parameters were compared between the groups, a increase was determined in the parameters of balance, loco-motor level and coordination, flexibility in Group1. This increase was statistically greater in Group 1. Statistically significant difference was determined in Group 2 with respect to functional reach test, sit and reach test values. No statistically significant difference was determined in Group 2 in respect of Flamingo and Wall Catch coordination tests. As a result; gymnastics training combined with music were found to be effective in increase balance score, improving loco-motor level, coordination, flexibility in children with DS and ASD. The results of this study can be considered to provide important contributions to the understanding and treatment of children with autism and down syndrome.

Comparison of Static Balance in Male Football and Basketball Players by Using Flamingo Balance Test

Background: Balance plays a vital role in many sports. Static Balance has an exceptional effect on the performance of sports players and for injury prevention. Football and Basketball players require static balance for execution of sports specific skill. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the static balance in male football and basketball players. Methods: A total of 50 healthy male players, football (n=25) and basketball (n=25) from Sports Academies of Ahmedabad, Gujarat were selected for the study with purposive sampling. Static balance was assessed by using Flamingo Balance test. Results: Mann-Whitney Test was used to determine the significant difference between football and basketball players. The result of the study showed that there was a significant difference in static balance between male football and Basketball players(p&lt;0.01). Conclusion: Basketball players displayed inferior static balance than the football players by using Flamingo Balance Test.

The Comparison of Some Motoric Characteristics of Hearing Impaired Individuals Sports Athletic and Gymnastic

The purpose of this study was to compare some motoric characteristics as a result of participating in physical activity education of hearing impaired individuals aged 12-14 doing athletics and gymnastics. The study consists of 30 athletes and 30 gymnastics students at the Hearing Impairments in Malatya Province. In the pre-test and post-test measures of the participants, flamingo balance test, flexibility, lower extremity reaction time test, quadriceps muscle strength, abdominal and back muscle strength, height, body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements were performed. Each participant was given physical activity training 3 days per week for 14 weeks. The flamingo balance test score of the both groups showed a decrease and reaction time of right and left side of athletes showed a decrease (p 0.05). As a result of the study, athletics is superior to gymnastic because it has been observed that athletics is more effective than gymnastics on balance, reaction time and muscle strength in individuals with hearing impaired.

PMS98 - EFFECTIVENESS OF FALL PREVENTION PROGRAM IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS

Physical exercise plays a crucial role in bone health by slowing the rate of bone loss and reducing the risk of fractures from osteoporosis. Our study aimed to examine the efficiency of preventive fall risk reduction exercise programs on balance, pain, trunk stability and functional mobility. The exercise program had taken place in daily half-hour sessions over a three-week period. Twenty-five women (mean age: 66.36 years) participated in the exercise program. The type of sampling was not-randomized and convenience. The participating patients underwent six tests, which included Flamingo Balance Test (FBT), Balance Beam Test (BBT), Matthiass Test (MT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Lumbar Motor Control Test (LMCT), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the study. Test results before and after the exercise program showed significant differences. The FBT showed improvements in both the right (pre- 5.50; post- 3.19, p=0.0001) and left (pre- 4.53; post- 2.59; p=0.0014) legs. The BBT indicated dynamic balance improvements (pre- 3.68; post- 4.32; p<0.0001). The Matthiass Test demonstrated improved results in patients’ physical abilities and strengthened trunk muscles (mean of first measurement= 47.84 sec.; mean of second measurement= 57.72 sec., p=0.0002). The TUG Test proved that patients’ functional mobility improves as a result of exercise (pre- 8.5 sec.; post- 7.60 sec.; p<0.0001). The LMCT showed improvements in motor control ability in sitting (pre- 1.824 cm; post- 1.34 cm; p=0.0001) and in standing (pre- 1.656 cm; post- 1.18; p<0.0001). Results of the VAS established that exercise helps relieve pain from 6.16 to 3.72 (p<0.0001). Based on these results, we can conclude that preventive fall risk reduction exercise programs are effective in increasing trunk strength and physical function; they also improve static and dynamic balance, functional mobility and lumbar motor control, while they also help relieve pain.