Fixed Form Research Articles

Accurate description of the nonadiabatic proton-coupled electron-transfer process in a diabatic representation: A model study

Using a two-dimensional model system for the proton-coupled electron-transfer process, the eigenvalues and nonadiabatic dynamics have been notably investigated by means of diabatic representation in the Born-Oppenheimer picture. Different from a previously reported diabatic model, which was approximately determined by the eigenstates of the differently defined electronic Hamiltonians, the rigorous diabatization was achieved by a fitting method based on the adiabatic energies and derivative couplings. As expected, the rigorous diabatic models were found to be able to accurately reproduce the eigenvalues or nonadiabatic dynamics in the adiabatic representation for three different models. Furthermore, we proposed an approximate diabatic scheme, which was built from fitting the adiabatic energies solely but with a fixed form for the off-diagonal terms in the diabatic potential energy matrix. This approximate diabatic model without the aid of the derivative coupling is shown to be as accurate as the rigorous one, which provides a simple and efficient way to accurately describe the complex proton-coupled electron-transfer processes due to accurately computing derivative couplings that are quite challenging for realistic systems.

ЕCOLOGICAL STATE OF SOILS IN IRSHAVA AND KAMIANSKE UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Soil is the main means of production in agriculture. One of the main dominant factors of transformation and deterioration of soils is human economic activity. The plowing of agricultural lands, depletion of soil cover, industrial pollution, excessive degradation are among them. Reducing the area of agricultural lands directly affects agriculture and leads to lower yields. It can cause an environmental and economic crisis, both in a particular region and in the country as a whole. Therefore, the study of the state of agricultural lands years is paid more and more attention and is an urgent task of researchers in recent.
 The article is devoted to the study of the current ecological condition of soils in Irshava and Kamianske united territorial communities, Zakarpattia region. The assessment was performed on the following indicators: the content of humus, microelements (Zn, Pb), nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, acidity, nitrates, nitrites. The obtained results showed that exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations in the selected soil samples for any of the elements (Zn, Pb) is not observed. The highest value of the eco-pollutants content was set for the Irshava city, especially for areas close to the road. In addition, it should also be taken into account that the intensive use of lands for agriculture with the introduction of mineral and traditional organic fertilizers in medium doses increases the level of heavy metals in soils. The studied soils have the low content of total lead: from 11.6 to 18.1 mg / kg. This value of Pb concentration in the samples is caused by the relationship between fixed forms of ecopolyutant and humus content. Humus content in studied areas equals 0,75 – 1,45% and corresponds to the low supply of soils with organic matter and the composition of soil-formed rocks.
 The soils of these areas were found to have a medium acid pH of 4,6-5,04 and correspond to a low humus content, obviously due to the high level of the agricultural lands plowing and a decrease in the amount of the organic fertilizers. But in general, the soils of this farm are fit for growing fruit crops.
 Keywords: soil, degradation; soil cover; soil fertility; degradation processes; soil protection; heavy metals; humus; soil quality deterioration; land protection.

Selectivity in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction.

The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to generate fixed forms of carbons that have commercial value is a lucrative avenue to ameliorate the growing concerns about the detrimental effect of CO2 emissions as well as to generate carbon-based feed chemicals, which are generally obtained from the petrochemical industry. The area of electrochemical CO2RR has seen substantial activity in the past decade, and several good catalysts have been reported. While the focus was initially on the rate and overpotential of electrocatalysis, it is gradually shifting toward the more chemically challenging issue of selectivity. CO2 can be partially reduced to produce several C1 products like CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, etc. before its complete 8e-/8H+ reduction to CH4. In addition to that, the low-valent electron-rich metal centers deployed to activate CO2, a Lewis acid, are prone to reduce protons, which are a substrate for CO2RR, leading to competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Similarly, the low-valent metal is prone to oxidation by atmospheric O2 (i.e., it can catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction, ORR), necessitating strictly anaerobic conditions for CO2RR. Not only is the requirement of O2-free reaction conditions impractical, but it also leads to the release of partially reduced O2 species such as O2-, H2O2, etc., which are reactive and result in oxidative degradation of the catalyst.In this Account, mechanistic investigations of CO2RR by detecting and, often, chemically trapping and characterizing reaction intermediates are used to understand the factors that determine the selectivity in CO2RR. The spectroscopic data obtained from different intermediates have been identified in different CO2RR catalysts to develop an electronic structure selectivity relationship that is deemed to be important for deciding the selectivity of 2e-/2H+ CO2RR. The roles played by the spin state, hydrogen bonding, and heterogenization in determining the rate and selectivity of CO2RR (producing only CO, only HCOOH, or only CH4) are discussed using examples of both iron porphyrin and non-heme bioinspired artificial mimics. In addition, strategies are demonstrated where the competition between CO2RR and HER as well as CO2RR and ORR could be skewed overwhelmingly in favor of CO2RR in both cases.

Modern Socratic Dialogue and Resilient Democracy: Creating the Clearing for an American Bildung

Modern Socratic Dialogue and Resilient Democracy: Creating the Clearing for an American Bildung

Resisting Linguistic Rules in French-Australian Writing

Recent scholarship has posited the experience of migration as a source of creative, experimental possibilities that allow writers to contest fixed forms of identity; it has also questioned monolingual, monocultural understandings of national literatures that yoke one language to one nation. Building on such work, this article considers French migrant writing that breaks linguistic rules and challenges the norms of national literatures by analyzing various attitudes testifying to multilingualism and linguistic differences in the works of Paul Wenz, Didier Coste and Catherine Rey—authors who had embarked upon their writing careers before migrating, who have settled in Australia and who write from a position of stability and permanence. While travel writers use English to nuance their texts about journeys through Anglophone regions, they ultimately do not displace the primary importance of French in their texts. By contrast, the texts of the writers considered herein articulate both unique understandings of linguistic identity and resistance to linguistic fixity as well as innovative narrative strategies to communicate both.

АКСІОЛОГІЧНІ ОСНОВИ НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНОГО АПАРАТУ ДЛЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОКЕРУЮЧИХ ЗАСОБІВ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ СИСТЕМ

Ukraine, together with the world's leading countries, is actively promoting the development of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Target cycles are aimed at future forecast states, which are provided by the relevant strategic plans and programs for 2030-2050. Targeted resource-efficient satisfaction of society's needs in the form of expected services, products, goods according to new complex regulations, products, standards, safety criteria, functional stability, survivability, ecological economy is impossible without significant updating of technical and technological solutions (TTP). The interaction of sets of objects of complex dynamic systems (SDS) with heterogeneous contacts of the Air Force determines the desired paradigm of duality of direct and inverse, causal relations. Within the framework of complex dynamic systems (SDS) in advance, qualitatively complete, locally accurate modeling rules assess in advance their own actions and influences of factors of the interacting natural environment (APS). It is the predicative form of theoretical results and evidence on the facts of practice that determines the axiological basis of science. Known logical descriptions are immutable and decisive <if there is a specific fixed form of pair interaction of the Air Force → VTS, as a cause, then, as a consequence in these specific conditions, we have an accurate conclusion>. Similar facts of existence of the corresponding limited procedural result, effect of TTR, a condition of VDS and VPS are possible. For every constant, stationary, similar situation, a double, inverse statement is also valid. It is accurate based on multiple confirmations of the practice of scientific observations and comparisons in various fields of human activity. The article is devoted to the development of technologies for modeling integration processes that synergistically affect the level of road safety of vehicles under conditions of risk and uncertainty of nonstationary environmental factors. The mathematical description of the problem area and information space of interaction of the Air Force participants → VTS is formalized. The essence, peculiarity and specificity of situational modes of dynamic, continuous interaction in space-time discrete cells of the electronic map of the critical zone are substantiated on the basis of the frequency of previous accidents that are possible in the future.

Functional dyspepsia: a multifaceted problem in gastroenterology

The article presents the views on dyspepsia in world practice, data on the difficulties of diagnosis and the problem of the effectiveness of various therapy regimens. Particular attention is paid to the use of fixed forms of drugs for functional dyspepsia, in particular Omez DSR.

A Comparison of Metaphors Created by Teachers in Turkey and Abroad

It is highly important that teachers have the necessary professional knowledge, skills and attitudes for the efficiency of the teaching and learning process, which has an important role in gaining the required qualifications to individuals. One of the educational platforms that can be used for teachers to develop both their personal and professional skills is the eTwinning platform. It offers opportunities for both teachers and students. Literature review has shown that the number of researches on eTwinning, which is used by more and more teachers in Turkey, is insufficient in number. The participants of this research, which aims to compare mataphors created by teachers in Turkey and abroad, consist of 224 teachers. In the study, the content analysis method has been adopted and, the data have been collected thorugh a fixed form questionnaire. According to the results of the research, it has been found out that eTwinning projects have mostly been carried out by teachers working at primary schools. The metaphors produced by teachers for eTwinning projects have been grouped under 8 different categories. Lastly, teachers also use various tools while carrying out their projects

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Encounters with ‘the same’ (but different): London Road and the politics of territories and repetitions in verbatim musical theatre

Using Deleuze and Guattari’s notion of the ‘refrain’, the article investigates London Road as an example of a ‘minor’ practice in musical theatre, which engages with a tracing and play with ‘territories’ as well as several acts of deterritorialization and reterritorialization. These processes are examined both at the level of content (and the thematic considerations of ‘inclusion’ and ‘exclusion’ in the building of a community) and form. The performance introduces new relationships and functions between the components/means at the musical’s disposal and invites a different type of audience engagement (or ‘encounter’) by destabilizing fixed forms and categories like song/speech, lyric/book, diegetic/non-diegetic, audience/actors, auditorium/stage and ultimately reality/representation. This case study exemplifies how the hybrid form of the ‘verbatim musical’ has the potential to mutually deterritorialize both of the genres it brings in dialogue and allows for a new type of engagement with the politics of the musical in the twenty-first century.

Canonical analysis of new non-relativistic string action and uniform light-cone gauge formulation

We perform canonical analysis of new non-relativistic string action that was found recently in [32]. We also discuss its gauge fixed form.

ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CAPITAL FORMATION: ANALYZING THE FOOTPRINTS IN INDONESIA

We aim to investigate the effect of gross and fixed form of capital formation on electricity production and energy consumption in Indonesia during the period 1993-2018. Our found results are suggesting that most of the gross/fixed capital formation measures are not affecting either the electricity production or the energy production in Indonesia. However, more specifically key measures of gross/fixed capital formation like Gross fixed capital formation, private sector (% of GDP) and Gross fixed capital formation, private sector (current LCU) are showing their mixed impact on Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), and Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh). On the other hand, Gross fixed capital formation (annual % growth) has its Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total), and Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption). The stated findings have some limited implications for the financial analysts and policy makers dealing with the electricity production and overall consumption of fossil fuel and renewable energy sources. Yet, this research is confined to Indonesian economy; however, adding the other regional economies in future studies may provide some different results.Keywords: cross/fixed capital formation, energy consumption, electricity productionJEL Classifications: K32, H54, D24DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.10940

Andrei Ciurunga: Poetry of the Carceral Universe

This article examines the poetry of Andrei Ciurunga (1920-2002), the pseudonym of Robert Esenbraun, born in a family of German settlers in southern Bessarabia. Under the communist regime he was sentenced on two occasions (the first time to four years, 19501954, the second time to 18 years to prison – from 1958), he was detained for a little more than ten years, undergoing amnesty in 1964. Memorable is the poem published after the fall of communism. It is a poem „coming from the heart”. The author has identified his destiny with the poetry of detention in all prisons and jails of Romania (Gherla, Salcia, Jilava, Văcărești, Peninsula, Poarta Albă, Danube - Black Sea canal). The lyrics "From the Canal" are distinguished by the invention of a new fixed form of poetry, the decastih. They were mentally composed and circulated widely among the detainees. It reveals, retroactively, another world, a world from the carceral inferno.

Possible solubilization of various mineral elements in the rhizosphere of Lupinus albus L

ABSTRACT Lupinus albus L. (lupin) has a high tolerance for phosphorus deficient conditions as its roots can solubilize the unavailable phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil. The roots may also be able to solubilize other elements, but this requires further investigation. In this study, therefore, we conducted two experiments to comprehensively investigate the effects of lupin roots on the mineral dynamics of the rhizosphere soil. First, a mixed cropping experiment was conducted, in which lupin shared a rhizosphere with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in a long-term experimental field with four fertilizer treatments: complete fertilization (+NPK), without nitrogen (−N), without phosphorus (−P), and without potassium (−K). The results of shoot dry weight of plants cultivated alone indicated that lupin is highly tolerant to all N, P, and K deficiencies, while soybean can adapt to N deficiency with the help of rhizobia but is less tolerant to P and K deficiencies than lupin. When mixed-cropped with lupin, the concentrations of many elements in the soybean leaf increased, particularly with the −N and −P treatments. Furthermore, soybean growth was significantly improved when cropped with lupin in the −N and −P treatments. Second, a comparison of the elemental profiles of hydroponically and field-soil-grown plants was conducted. Under hydroponic conditions, the rhizosphere effect is negligible when the culture medium is well circulated. The lupin/soybean ratios for leaf mineral concentrations were considerably larger in the field cultivated plants when compared with the hydroponic cultivations for elements such as sodium, potassium, cesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, and molybdenum, as there were lower concentrations of these elements in the soybean leaves in the field. These results indicate that lupin roots can solubilize a variety of insoluble elements in the soil, which may be the reason why lupin can adapt to various nutrient deficient soils. In the lupin rhizosphere, the solubilization of cesium, which is generally strongly fixed by soil minerals and not easily leached, was particularly pronounced. This implies that the surface structure of clay minerals might be altered in the lupin rhizosphere, resulting in the fixed forms of various elements becoming available.

Quantum simulation of second-quantized Hamiltonians in compact encoding

We describe methods for simulating general second-quantized Hamiltonians using the compact encoding, in which qubit states encode only the occupied modes in physical occupation number basis states. These methods apply to second-quantized Hamiltonians composed of a constant number of interactions, i.e., linear combinations of ladder operator monomials of fixed form. Compact encoding leads to qubit requirements that are optimal up to logarithmic factors. We show how to use sparse Hamiltonian simulation methods for second-quantized Hamiltonians in compact encoding, give explicit implementations for the required oracles, and analyze the methods. We also describe several example applications including the free boson and fermion theories, the $\phi^4$-theory, and the massive Yukawa model, all in both equal-time and light-front quantization. Our methods provide a general-purpose tool for simulating second-quantized Hamiltonians, with optimal or near-optimal scaling with error and model parameters.

Abstract P113: IMPACT OF ARTERIAL SITE AND PRESSURE WAVE ACQUISITION METHOD ON ARTERIAL FORM FACTOR AND MEAN AND CENTRAL ARTERIAL PRESSURE

Accurate mean arterial pressure (MAP) measurement requires an integrated arterial pressure waveform but MAP is often estimated from systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP using a fixed form factor (FF, usually 0.33): MAP = DBP + FF*pulse pressure (PP), also solvable for FF if MAP is known. MAP is constant in the arterial tree but central (c) PP is lower than peripheral (p) PP, so cFF should be higher than pFF, and MAP and FF values should be similar among devices. We tested these principles for 2 transfer function-dependent devices: SphygmoCor (SPG), which generates high fidelity radial arterial tonometry waveforms and integrates MAP, and Mobil-O-Graph (MOB), a 24-hour ambulatory oscillometric brachial pulse wave analysis system that reports a proprietary MAP. SPG data were obtained after 5-10 minutes of rest and MOB values were obtained at 20 min intervals. For SPG (n =371) [mean(SD)]: pBP 140(28)/80(15) and cBP 126(28)/81(15) mmHg, age 48(20) yr, BMI 28(6.6), 54% women, 17% black. SPG-pFF was lower than cFF [0.34(.056) vs 0.44(.049), p<0.000]; SPG-pFF and cFF were correlated (r 2 = 0.23, p<0.000); and on stepwise multiple regression, pFF was related to MAP > gender > age (multiple-r 2 = 0.37, p<0.000; BMI and race excluded). For MOB (n = 157): pBP 135(18)/81(12) and cBP 123(16)/83(12) mmHg, age 59(16) yr, BMI 30(6), 52% women, 24% black. MOB-pFF was a fixed value [0.46(0.00098)] that was lower than cFF [0.57(0.048), p<0.000] and MOB-cFF was not correlated with MAP or any other characteristic. To compare SPG and MOB directly, 101 pairs were matched precisely (SPSS software) for pSBP and pDBP (130.9/78.7 mmHg for each device group); SPG-MAP was lower than MOB-MAP [96.3 vs 102.6 mmHg (p<0.000)] and SPG-cSBP was lower than MOB-cSBP [117.5 (18.0) vs 119.7(14.6), p=.015], with respective FF’s similar to the full groups. We conclude that: 1) FF varies within-subjects by arterial location and (at constant MAP) cFF > pFF; 2) SPG-pFF (but not MOB-pFF) varies between-subjects and is affected by MAP, gender, and age; 3) the proprietary MOB-pFF is fixed and much higher than traditional FF or SPG-pFF; and 4) compared to SPG, MOB overestimates MAP by about 5% and underestimates cSBP by about 2%. These findings have implications for FF methods and proprietary devices such as Mobil-O-Graph.

Propositional Kernels.

The pervasive presence of artificial intelligence (AI) in our everyday life has nourished the pursuit of explainable AI. Since the dawn of AI, logic has been widely used to express, in a human-friendly fashion, the internal process that led an (intelligent) system to deliver a specific output. In this paper, we take a step forward in this direction by introducing a novel family of kernels, called Propositional kernels, that construct feature spaces that are easy to interpret. Specifically, Propositional Kernel functions compute the similarity between two binary vectors in a feature space composed of logical propositions of a fixed form. The Propositional kernel framework improves upon the recent Boolean kernel framework by providing more expressive kernels. In addition to the theoretical definitions, we also provide an algorithm (and the source code) to efficiently construct any propositional kernel. An extensive empirical evaluation shows the effectiveness of Propositional kernels on several artificial and benchmark categorical data sets.

Our Time Is Now: Race and Modernity in Postcolonial Guatemala

Our Time Is Now: Race and Modernity in Postcolonial Guatemala

Monitoring and assessment of 137Cs and 90Sr radioactive isotopes in the 'soil - rhizosphere - sedge' system of the Yenisei River floodplain (near impact zone of Krasnoyarsk MCC, Russia).

Radiocaesium and radiostrontium contamination in the 'soil - rhizosphere - plants (aerial parts)' system was monitored in the floodplain ecosystem of the Yenisei River in the near impact zone of the Krasnoyarsk Mining and Chemical Combine (MCC). The monitored system included soil, rhizosphere, and sedge vegetation on islands and the river's east bank. The 137Cs and 90Sr specific activities displayed intricate space and time patterns controlled by the river water level, including the time and duration of floods and their correlation with the sedge vegetation season. The specific activities of both radionuclides, especially 137Cs, were above the background in all years of observation, except in a few cases. The soil-to-plant transfer factor (TF) patterns showed continuous 137Cs and 90Sr influx into the system and annual variations in the shares of their bioavailable and fixed forms, especially for 90Sr. The 90Sr distribution in the 'soil - rhizosphere - plants' system observed in 2014-2016 provides evidence for possible local fallout.

On the Sorption-Stimulating Preparations Influence on Seed Germination.

The influence of various types of impacts on soil samples on the germination of seeds and the development of seedlings in comparison with sand (allelotoxicity) was studied. It is established that various types of soil sample preparation can significantly affect their allelotoxicity. It is shown that initial soil stimulated seedling development (+23%). Drying to air-dry state with further wetting increased the allelotoxicity to -27%. Autoclaving of samples (148°C, 4.5 atm) increased their allelotoxicity to -77%. The data obtained suggest that allelotoxins can exist in the soil in active and fixed forms and pass from the fixed form to the active form under various types of impacts on the soil. The study of the influence of the allelotoxicity of soil samples on the application efficiency of sorption-stimulating preparation (SSP), used for the pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat seeds, shows that the application effect of SSP monotonically decreases when allelotoxicity increases. The calculations show that the amount of sorbent used to protect seeds from allelotoxins is 3-4orders of magnitude lower than the amount that can fix allelotoxins contained in soils. It follows from above that the development of seed seedlings is affected only by a small part of allelotoxins present in soils in the active state.