Fitness Outcomes Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence Impact on Human Fitness: Exploring Emerging Trends

Abstract: This research delves into the profound impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the realm of human fitness, with a focus on regression analysis and its implications. In the "Regression" section, the model summary reveals that the collective influence of independent variables, including Wearable Technology and Fitness, AI in Training Programs, AI Powered Coaching, and AI in Fitness Monitoring, explains approximately 31.9% of the variation in the dependent variable, Data Driven Fitness Insights. The ANOVA table underscores the statistical significance of the overall model, indicating that at least one independent variable significantly affects the dependent variable. The coefficients section provides detailed insights into each predictor's contribution. Notably, AI in Fitness Monitoring emerges as a significant driver of fitness insights, with a Beta coefficient of 0.448 and a highly significant p-value (<.001). In contrast, AI in Training Programs, AI Powered Coaching, and Wearable Technology and Fitness exhibit varying degrees of significance. The study consolidates its findings. AI's transformative impact on fitness is unmistakable, with robust evidence supporting the positive influence of AI integration in fitness monitoring and training. AI-powered fitness monitoring and tailored training programs are identified as pivotal contributors to improved fitness outcomes. However, the effectiveness of AI in coaching necessitates further exploration, as it did not attain statistical significance. Additionally, the potential link between Wearable Technology and Fitness and Data-Driven Fitness Insights warrants continued investigation. This research underscores the evolving nature of fitness practices, driven by AI technologies, and their potential to revolutionize healthier lifestyles

Relationship of Physical Fitness and Science Learning Outcomes of Students

This research raises the issue of whether there is a relationship between physical fitness and science learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 8 Bekasi for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research aims to determine the relationship between physical fitness and the science learning outcomes of students at SMP Negeri 8 Bekasi for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research uses descriptive research methods. The population in this study was 180 class IX students of SMP Negeri 8 Bekasi for the 2022/2023 class. Then 35 people were taken using a random sampling technique (20% of the total population). Physical fitness data collection techniques using physical fitness tests and science learning outcomes by taking documentation data in the form of student report cards. Data processing is carried out using the correlation formula. The results of the research show that there is a significant relationship between physical fitness and science learning outcomes for students of IX SMP Negeri 8 Bekasi in the 2012/2013 academic year with (r = 0.70). Physical fitness contributes 49.7% to science learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 8 Bekasi.

Research on Integration and Application of Ethnic Sports, Folk Sports, and Traditional Sports in School Education among Minority Groups

As ethnic sports can improve students' physical health and cultural heritage, there is increased interest in incorporating them into school curricula. The current literature on this topic doesn't fully examine the basic mechanisms and contextual factors that affect these relationships, especially for minority students. This study aimed to investigate how including ethnic sports in school curricula relates to the cultural identity and physical fitness outcomes of minority students. In addition, the research aimed to explore how cultural identity plays a role in between, and how the school environment and socioeconomic status affect this relationship. The research used a quantitative design and included minority students from various cultural backgrounds as participants. A total of 470 minority students were used in the study to collect data. The researchers used statistical methods like mediation and moderation models and regression analysis to look into the connections and test the ideas. The study's findings showed a statistically significant and favorable relationship between the inclusion of ethnic sports in the academic curriculum and students' levels of physical fitness. Furthermore, it was shown that cultural identity mediated the relationship, suggesting that students' levels of cultural identification contributed to their motivation to exercise. The results showed that the relationship between ethnic sports integration and fitness outcomes was moderated by the educational environment. The present study adds to the extant body of literature by furnishing empirical substantiation regarding the favorable influence of assimilating ethnic sports on the physical fitness outcomes and cultural identity of students.

Machine Learning Models for Predicting Personalized Tacrolimus Stable Dosages in Pediatric Renal Transplant Patients

Tacrolimus, characterized by a narrow therapeutic index, significant toxicity, adverse effects, and interindividual variability, necessitates frequent therapeutic drug monitoring and dose adjustments in renal transplant recipients. This study aimed to compare machine learning (ML) models utilizing pharmacokinetic data to predict tacrolimus blood concentration. This prediction underpins crucial dose adjustments, emphasizing patient safety. The investigation focuses on a pediatric cohort. A subset served as the derivation cohort, creating the dose-prediction algorithm, while the remaining data formed the validation cohort. The study employed various ML models, including artificial neural network, RandomForestRegressor, LGBMRegressor, XGBRegressor, AdaBoostRegressor, BaggingRegressor, ExtraTreesRegressor, KNeighborsRegressor, and support vector regression, and their performances were compared. Although all models yielded favorable fit outcomes, the ExtraTreesRegressor (ETR) exhibited superior performance. It achieved measures of −0.161 for MPE, 0.995 for AFE, 1.063 for AAFE, and 0.8 for R2, indicating accurate predictions and meeting regulatory standards. The findings underscore ML’s predictive potential, despite the limited number of samples available. To address this issue, resampling was utilized, offering a viable solution within medical datasets for developing this pioneering study to predict tacrolimus trough concentration in pediatric transplant recipients.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Aerobic Exercise for Smoking Cessation Among Individuals With Elevated Depressive Symptoms.

Adults with depression have higher rates of cigarette smoking and are more likely to relapse than those without depression. Pharmacological, psychological, and combined interventions have largely yielded small improvements in smoking outcomes for adults with depression. Aerobic exercise (AE) may facilitate smoking cessation in this subpopulation. This study was a 12-week two-arm randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effect of a moderate-intensity AE program compared to a health education contact (HEC) control on smoking cessation in adults with elevated depressive symptoms (mild to severe). Participants (n = 231) were randomized to AE or HEC and received smoking cessation treatment (telephone counseling and nicotine replacement therapy). Primary (biologically confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence) and secondary (depressive symptoms, objective and self-reported physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness) outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Data were analyzed with mixed-effects generalized linear models controlling for age, gender, nicotine dependence, history of major depression disorder, and month of follow-up assessment. There were no significant differences in primary or secondary outcomes between the AE and HEC groups. The AE program was not superior to HEC in facilitating smoking cessation, increases in physical activity, or improved depressive symptoms. Given evidence for the positive acute effects of exercise on mood and smoking urges, future research should consider testing alternative exercise approaches for aiding smoking cessation beyond structured, AE programs. This study found that an adjunctive aerobic exercise (AE) program was not superior to a health education contact control for adults with elevated depressive symptoms, all of whom also received standard smoking cessation treatment. This finding adds to the growing body of literature that structured AE programs for smoking cessation may have limited efficacy for cessation outcomes. Future research is needed to test alternative methods of integrating AE into smoking cessation treatment, such as strategically using exercise to manage cravings and low mood in the moment.

Evaluative audiometry after cochlear implant provision.

One of the main treatment goals in cochlear implant (CI) patients is to improve speech perception. One of the target parameters is speech intelligibility in quiet. However, treatment results show ahigh variability, which has not been sufficiently explained so far. The aim of this noninterventional retrospective study was to elucidate this variability using aselected population of patients in whom etiology was not expected to have anegative impact on postoperative speech intelligibility. Audiometric findings of the CI follow-up of 28adult patients after 6months of CI experience were evaluated. These were related to the preoperative audiometric examination and evaluated with respect to arecently published predictive model for the postoperative monosyllabic score. Inclusion of postoperative categorical loudness scaling and hearing loss for Freiburg numbers in the model explained 55% of the variability in fitting outcomes with respect to monosyllabic word recognition. The results of this study suggest that much of the cause of variability in fitting outcomes can be captured by systematic postoperative audiometric checks. Immediate conclusions for CI system fitting adjustments may be drawn from these results. However, the extent to which these are accepted by individual patients and thus lead to an improvement in outcome must be subject of further studies, preferably prospective.

The Impact of a 10-Week Military Training Course on Saudi Medical Recruits' Fitness and Physical Activity Levels.

Background In preparation for military service, new recruits undergo a physical transformation. We aimed to determine the fitness outcomes and self-reported activity levels of Saudi medical recruits after a 10-week initial military training course (IMTC). Methods The cohort comprised 104 recruits aged 25-29 years. Anthropometric variables, including height, body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), percent body fat (%BF), lean body mass (LBM), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), were assessed pre-IMTC and post-IMTC. Physical fitness assessments, including a one-minute sit-up test, push-up test, Cooper's 12-minute run/walk test, and relative maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), were also evaluated. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess self-reported physical activity. Results We found a significant decrease in anthropometric variables following the course, including BW (P = 0.01), BMI (P = 0.01), %BF (P = 0.002), LBM (P = 0.01), WC (P = 0.005), and WtHR (P = 0.003). They also showed significant improvements in the push-up test(P = 0.001), one-minute sit-up test (P = 0.001), 12-minute test (P = 0.001), and relative VO2 max(P = 0.001). The comparison of pre-IPAQ with post-IPAQ demonstrated a percentage improvement in walking activity (15%-82%) and vigorous physical activity (17%-49%) after joining the IMTC. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that Saudi medical recruits who partake in the IMTC can attain significant improvements in their body composition, physical fitness, and physical activity levels.

1774P PC-PEP, a comprehensive daily six-month home-based prostate cancer: Patient empowerment program improves quality of life, physical fitness, and urinary function outcomes among prostate cancer patients with localized disease - Secondary analyses of a randomized clinical trial

1774P PC-PEP, a comprehensive daily six-month home-based prostate cancer: Patient empowerment program improves quality of life, physical fitness, and urinary function outcomes among prostate cancer patients with localized disease - Secondary analyses of a randomized clinical trial

The social microbiome: gut microbiome diversity and abundance are negatively associated with sociality in a wild mammal.

The gut microbiome has a well-documented relationship with host fitness. Greater microbial diversity and abundance of specific microbes have been associated with improved fitness outcomes. Intestinal microbes also may be associated with patterns of social behaviour. However, these associations have been largely studied in captive animal models; we know less about microbiome composition as a potential driver of individual social behaviour and position in the wild. We used linear mixed models to quantify the relationship between fecal microbial composition, diversity and social network traits in a wild population of yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer). We focused our analyses on microbes previously linked to sociability and neurobehavioural alterations in captive rodents, primates and humans. Using 5 years of data, we found microbial diversity (Shannon-Wiener and Faith's phylogenetic diversity) has a modest yet statistically significant negative relationship with the number of social interactions an individual engaged in. We also found a negative relationship between Streptococcus spp. relative abundance and two social network measures (clustering coefficient and embeddedness) that quantify an individual's position relative to others in their social group. These findings highlight a potentially consequential relationship between microbial composition and social behaviour in a wild social mammal.

Evaluation of Removable Partial Denture Metal Frameworks Produced by Digital Methods—A Systematic Review

(1) Introduction: This review aimed to synthesize the significant literature addressing digital techniques for producing removable partial denture (RPD) metal frameworks, focusing on oral fit outcomes. (2) Material and Methods: A systematic review of the Web of Science and Pubmed databases was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. The selection was for original articles in English containing relevant data on RPD metal frameworks produced with digital techniques, including study characteristics, digital techniques, and fit assessment methods and outcomes. (3) Results: From the 967 search studies, 405 were duplications, and 521 were excluded after screening against set criteria. A manual search included 21 studies resulting in 62 papers for review. Extra-oral was more frequently used than intra-oral scanning. The computer-assisted design was the most applied digital technique. Additive manufacturing was preferred to milling for direct and indirect fabrication of frameworks. Fit assessments were based on qualitative measures, but quantitative evaluation showed acceptable clinical fit for RPDs made by digital protocols. (4) Conclusions: The combination of direct metal additive manufacturing with conventional impression was the most used protocol and included better qualitative and quantitative fit outcomes than the other digital protocols.

Enhancing accuracy of physically informed neural networks for nonlinear Schrödinger equations through multi-view transfer learning

In recent years, significant research efforts have been dedicated to developing solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) with applications in physics. Among these equations, the NonLinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation plays a pivotal role in modern nonlinear science, governing the behavior of optical solitons and serving as a crucial model. However, the practical application of these elegant PDE models is hindered by the challenge of high dimensionality and computational cost. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel approach to enhance the training accuracy of physically informed neural networks (PINNs) for the NLS equation. Leveraging the concept of multi-view transfer learning, we utilize a pre-trained NLS model that considers different initial–boundary conditions as multiple views, enabling exploration of their contributions to the overall understanding and solution of the NLS equation. Additionally, we investigate the influence of different loss functions on PINN training results and find that employing the Huber Loss function yields superior fitting outcomes compared to traditional PINNs that use mean squared error (MSE) loss. We demonstrate significant improvements in precision and accuracy over traditional PINNs. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our proposed optimization techniques. This work paves a novel way for solving complex physical systems using data-driven approaches.

Effectiveness of an Outdoor Education Program with Homeschool Students

Compared to their public-school peers, homeschool students are less physically active, perform worse in health-related physical fitness tests, and have poorer body composition status (Kabiri et al., 2017; Kabiri et al., 2020; Long et al., 2010; Tribby & Berrigan, 2021). The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of an outdoor education program (OEP) on homeschool adolescents’ physical fitness level and life skills. Homeschool students were recruited to participate in a nine-week OEP that included activities such as hiking and mountain biking and a pre- and post-test to assess physical fitness and life skills. Descriptive and inferential (e.g., paired-samples t-tests) statistics were used to analyze the resulting data. Findings reveal that male homeschool students self-report higher levels of life skills and that the OEP had a greater positive impact on males’ fitness outcomes. Recommendations for OEP practitioners include developing OEPs that increase the frequency and decrease the duration of physical activity time and emphasize skills such as emotional control. Recommendations for future research are to utilize large, diverse sample sizes and to consider at-home activities that may influence variables of interest.

Feasibility of delivering supervised exercise training following surgical resection and during adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PRECISE): a case series

IntroductionPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive neoplasm, with surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy the only curative treatment. Treatment-related toxicities place a considerable burden on patients although exercise training has shown promise is helping to manage such adversities and facilitate rehabilitation. The feasibility and safety of exercise training as a supportive therapy during adjuvant chemotherapy remains unknown.MethodsPatients with PDAC were screened post-surgical resection and enrolled in a 16-week, progressive, concurrent exercise programme alongside their chemotherapy regimen. Feasibility was the primary objective detailing recruitment, retention and adherence rates throughout as well as the safety and fidelity of the intervention. Secondarily, the impact on functional fitness and patient-reported outcomes was captured at baseline, post-intervention and 3-month follow up.ResultsEight patients consented to participate in this trial, with five proceeding to enrol in exercise training. Concurrent exercise training is feasible and safe during adjuvant chemotherapy and prevented an expected decline in functional fitness and patient-reported outcomes during this time.DiscussionThis case series provides preliminary evidence that concurrent exercise training during adjuvant therapy is safe, feasible and well tolerated, preventing an expected decline in functional fitness, muscular strength and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Given the adverse effects of treatment, these findings are promising and provide further evidence for the inclusion of exercise training as a standard of care for surgical rehabilitation and managing treatment-related toxicities. Future research should explore the impact of exercise training during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with prehabilitation now standard practice for borderline resectable disease.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04305067, prospectively registered 12/03/2020, https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04305067.

Physical Fitness and Body Mass Index Status of Hong Kong Primary Schoolchildren across the COVID-19 Pandemic, before and after School Closure

To determine whether health-related physical fitness and body mass index (BMI) status differed before and after school closure from the COVID-19 pandemic in a population-based cohort of Hong Kong primary schoolchildren. We examined the BMI z score, BMI status, and physical fitness z scores including (i) upper limb muscle strength, (ii) 1-minute sit-up test, (iii) sit-and-reach test, and (iv) endurance run tests, among 3 epochs: prepandemic (September 2018-August 2019), before school closure (September 2019-January 2020), and partial school reopening (September 2021-August 2022), using a repeated cross-sectional approach. A total of 137 752 primary schoolchildren aged 6-12 years were recruited over 3 academic years. Obesity increased significantly from 25.9% in 2018/19 to 31.0% in 2021/22, while underweight increased slightly from 6.1% to 6.5%. All tested parameters were adversely affected by the pandemic. The negative trend over time was far more pronounced in all 4 physical fitness scores in the underweight group, although performance in handgrip strength had no significance between 2018/19 and 2021/22. Schoolchildren who are both underweight and overweight/obese are vulnerable to adverse changes in physical fitness during the COVID-19 pandemic. To eliminate the negative health and fitness outcomes, it is urgent to develop strategies for assisting schoolchildren in achieving a healthy weight, especially in the postpandemic era.

A preoperative supervised exercise program potentially improves long-term survival after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair

ObjectiveA preoperative supervised exercise program (SEP) improves cardiorespiratory fitness and perioperative outcomes for patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a preoperative SEP on long-term survival of these patients. A secondary aim was to consider long-term changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life. MethodsPatients scheduled for open or endovascular AAA repair were previously randomized to either a 6-week preoperative SEP or standard management, and a significant improvement in a composite outcome of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal complications was seen following SEP. For the current analysis, patients were followed up to 5 years post-surgery. The primary outcome for this analysis was all-cause mortality. Data were analyzed on an intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) basis, with the latter meaning that patients randomized to SEP who did not attend any sessions were excluded. The PP analysis was further interrogated using a complier average causal effect (CACE) analysis on an all or nothing scale, which adjusts for compliance. Additionally, patients who agreed to follow-up attended the research center for cardiopulmonary exercise testing and/or provided quality of life measures. ResultsITT analysis demonstrated that the primary endpoint occurred in 24 of the 124 participants at 5 years, with eight in the SEP group and 16 in the control group (P = .08). The PP analysis demonstrated a significant survival benefit associated with SEP attendance (4 vs 16 deaths; P = .01). CACE analysis confirmed a significant intervention effect (hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.90; P = .02). There was no difference between groups for cardiorespiratory fitness measures and most quality of life measures. ConclusionsThese novel findings suggest a long-term mortality benefit for patients attending a SEP prior to elective AAA repair. The underlying mechanism remains unknown, and this merits further investigation.

Beyond overlap: Considering habitat preference and fitness outcomes in the umbrella species concept.

Umbrella species and other surrogate-species approaches to conservation provide an appealing framework to extend the reach of conservation efforts beyond single species. For the umbrella species concept to be effective, populations of multiple species of concern must persist in areas protected on behalf of the umbrella species. Most assessments of the concept, however, focus exclusively on geographic overlap among umbrella and background species, and not measures that affect population persistence (e.g., habitat quality or fitness). We quantified the congruence between the habitat preferences and nesting success of a high-profile umbrella species (greater sage-grouse, Centrocercus urophasianus, hereafter "sage-grouse"), and three sympatric species of declining songbirds (Brewer's sparrow Spizella breweri, sage thasher Oreoscoptes montanus, and vesper sparrow Pooecetes gramineus) in central Wyoming, USA during 2012 - 2013. We used machine-learning methods to create data-driven predictions of sage-grouse nest-site selection and nest survival probabilities by modeling field-collected sage-grouse data relative to habitat attributes. We then used field-collected songbird data to assess whether high-quality sites for songbirds aligned with those of sage-grouse. Nest sites selected by songbirds did not coincide with sage-grouse nesting preferences, with the exception that Brewer's sparrows preferred similar nest sites to sage-grouse in 2012. Moreover, the areas that produced higher rates of songbird nest survival were unrelated to those for sage-grouse. Our findings suggest that management actions at local scales that prioritize sage-grouse nesting habitat will not necessarily enhance the reproductive success of sagebrush-associated songbirds. Measures implemented to conserve sage-grouse and other purported umbrella species at broad spatial scales likely overlap the distribution of many species, however, broad-scale overlap may not translate to fine-scale conservation benefit beyond the umbrella species itself. The maintenance of microhabitat heterogeneity important for a diversity of species of concern will be critical for a more-holistic application of the umbrella species concept.

Optimizing an exercise training program in pediatric brain tumour survivors: Does timing postradiotherapy matter?

While exercise training (ET) programs show positive outcomes in cognition, motor function, and physical fitness in pediatric brain tumor (PBT) survivors, little is known about the optimal timing of intervention. The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility and benefits of ET based on its timing after radiotherapy. This retrospective analysis (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01944761) analyzed data based on the timing of PBT survivors' participation in an ET program relative to their completion of radiotherapy: <2 years (n = 9), 2-5 years (n = 10), and > 5 years (n = 13). We used repeated measures analysis of variance to compare feasibility and efficacy indicators among groups, as well as correlation analysis between ET program timing postradiotherapy and preliminary treatment effects on cognition, motor function and physical fitness outcomes. Two to five years postradiotherapy was the optimal time period in terms of adherence (88.5%), retention (100%), and satisfaction (more fun, more enjoyable and recommend it more to other children). However, the benefits of ET program on memory recognition (r = -0.379, P = .047) and accuracy (r = -0.430, P = .032) decreased with increased time postradiotherapy. Motor function improved in all groups, with greater improvements in bilateral coordination (P = .043) earlier postradiotherapy, and in running (P = .043) later postradiotherapy. The greatest improvement in pro-rated work rate occurred in the < 2-year group (P = .008). Participation in an ET program should be offered as part of routine postradiotherapy care in the first 1-2 years and strongly encouraged in the first 5 years.

Tingkat keterlibatan kebugaran jasmani dalam peningkatan prestasi belajar PJOK pada siswa

This study aims to determine the contribution of physical fitness to the learning outcomes of sports and health physical education subjects in class v SDN Cengkareng Timur 21 Pagi. This research is a correlation research. The population and sample of this study were 32 students of class V at SDN Cengkareng Timur 21 Pagi with a range of ages 10-12 years. The measurement of the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test is carried out by measuring 5 tests, namely, running 40 meters, hanging your elbows, lying down, jumping upright and running 600 meters. Data collection techniques with tests using the TKJI test form. While the learning achievement data was taken from the grades of the even semester report cards for PJOK subjects. The results showed that the physical fitness test was in the moderate category and the student learning outcomes test was in the good category. This is evident from the normality test of the TKJI data, the value of sig = .200 means that the significance value of the data is greater than 0.05, meaning that the normality test is normally distributed, and the results of the normality test of the Learning Outcomes data are obtained sig = .190, which means the significance value of the data greater than 0.05, it means that the normality test is normally distributed. From the results of the correlation test, it was obtained that the two variables obtained r = .650 included in the sufficient criteria, meaning that there was a significant contribution between physical fitness and student learning outcomes.

CGAN-EB: A non-parametric empirical Bayes method for crash frequency modeling using conditional generative adversarial networks as safety performance functions

In this paper, a new non-parametric empirical Bayes approach called CGAN-EB is proposed for approximating empirical Bayes (EB) estimates in traffic locations (e.g., road segments) which benefits from the modeling advantages of deep neural networks, and its performance is compared in a simulation study with the traditional approach based on negative binomial model (NB-EB). The NB-EB uses negative binomial model in order to model the crash data and is the most common approach in practice. To model the crash data in the proposed CGAN-EB, conditional generative adversarial network is used, which is a powerful deep neural network based method that can model any types of distributions. A number of simulation experiments are designed and conducted to evaluate the CGAN-EB performance in different conditions and compare it with the NB-EB. The results show that CGAN-EB performs as well as NB-EB when conditions favor the NB-EB model (i.e. data conform to the assumptions of the NB model) and outperforms NB-EB in experiments reflecting conditions frequently encountered in practice, specifically low sample means, and when crash frequency does not follow a log-linear relationship with covariates.

Physical fitness level and the risk of severe COVID-19: A systematic review.

To verify systematically the association between the status of physical fitness and the risk of severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This systematic review is in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the eligibility criteria followed the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) recommendation. PubMed, Embase, SciELO and Cochrane electronic databases were searched. All studies that explored the relationship between the pattern of physical fitness and COVID-19 adverse outcomes (hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, intubation, or mortality), were selected. The quality of the studies was assessed by the specific scale of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A total of seven observational studies were identified in this systematic review; 13​468 patients were included in one case-control study, two cohort studies, and four cross-sectional studies. All studies reported an inverse association between high physical fitness and severe COVID-19 (hospitalization, intensive care admission, or mortality). Only some studies reported comorbidities, especially obesity and cardiovascular disorders, but the results remained unchanged after controlling for comorbidities. The quality of the seven studies included was moderate according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The methodological heterogeneity of the studies included did not allow a meta-analysis of the findings. In conclusion, higher physical fitness levels were associated with lower risk of hospitalization, intensive care admissions, and mortality rates among patients with COVID-19.