Fisheries Technology Research Articles

27 OXIDATIVE STRESS OF LIVER IN TRANSGENIC PIGLETS WITH MULTIPLE COPIES OF TRANSGENES SOLUBLE HUMAN TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR TYPE Ig-Fc AND HUMAN HEME OXYGENASE-1

It has been demonstrated that transgene expression is associated with copy number in transgenic animals. Here in, we generated 7 genetically modified pigs expressing both soluble human tumour necrosis factor receptor type Ig-Fc (shTNFRI-Fc) and human heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). 1 day after Caesarean section, all transgenic cloned piglets showed postnatal death. In the present study, the transgene copy number, H2O2 and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in cloned piglet liver were examined to identify the relationship between transgene copy number and oxidative stress of postnatal liver. In this study, 2,209 cloned embryos using somatic cells with 15 copies of shTNFRI-Fc and HO-1 were produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer, and transferred into 6 synchronized recipient sows. Among them, pregnancies were identified in 4 recipients using ultrasonography and only 1 recipient was maintained until full term. In total, 7 cloned piglets were delivered by the Caesarean section. On the next day, they showed postnatal death with clinical symptoms such as dyspnea (Group A). As control group, 292 cloned embryos produced from the cells with at least 4 copies of 2 transgenes shTNFRI-Fc and HO-1 were transferred into a synchronized recipient and pregnancy was identified. Two cloned piglets were delivered normally and maintained healthy. The liver of a live cloned piglet with at least 4 copies (Group B) at 2 days after the Caesarean section was isolated and compared with those of dead 7 cloned piglets (Group A) for HO-1, shTNFRI-Fc, H2O2, and SOD by ELISA analysis. The transgene copy number and expression of shTNFRI-Fc and HO-1 were confirmed by genomic DNA PCR, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA with appropriate antibodies. Statistical analysis was performed using Graphpad Prism. Level of HO-1, shTNFRI-Fc, H2O2, and SOD ELISA results of each piglets were analysed by unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction. While a transgenic piglet (Group B) had at least 4 copy numbers, all dead cloned piglets (Group A) showed 15 copy numbers. A high level of transgene HO-1 and shTNFRI-Fc expression of liver-derived cells in cloned piglets (Group A) was significantly identified compared with those of a transgenic piglet (Group B) by qRT-PCR and ELISA. While the H2O2 level in cloned piglet liver with 15 copy numbers (Group A) was significantly higher (P < 0.05), the SOD level was lower than those of a cloned pig (Group B; P < 0.05). These results demonstrated that multiple copy numbers could affect the level of oxidative stress in cloned piglet liver. It also affected the transgene expression levels and mortality of cloned piglets. This study was supported by National Research Foundation (#2015R1C1A2A01054373. 2016M3A9B6903410), Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (#10048948), Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in food, agriculture, forestry and fisheries (#114059–03–2-SB010), Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Natural Balance and the BK21 plus program.

31 EFFICIENT GENERATION OF klotho MUTATIONS IN PORCINE SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER EMBRYOS USING A DELIVERY OF Cas9 RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS

Pigs are useful models for studying human diseases because of the similarity of their anatomy and physiology. Recent advances in genome editing techniques such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated Cas9 system (CRISPR/Cas9) have made it possible to produce animals for specific purposes. Especially, recent application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system improved the efficiency of genome editing in pigs with higher targeting efficiency or percentage of desired mutation compared to other meganucleases (ZFNs and TALENs). The klotho deficiency in small animals such as mice is characterised by an extremely shortened life span with multiple aging-like phenotypes similar to human premature-aging syndromes. However, limited information is available on the function of klotho in large animals such as pigs. The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of non-selected porcine fibroblasts electroporated with Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoproteins, targeting the klotho gene, for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) results in high mutation rates in embryos. A CRISPR sgRNA specific for the klotho gene was designed and sgRNA (targeting exon 3 of klotho) and type 2 Cas9 RNPs (total 36 μg, 1:4 ratio, respectively) were transfected into porcine fibroblasts via Neon (Life Technologies) with a single DC pulse of 1400 V for 30 ms. Then, transfected fibroblasts were cultured for 1 day and used randomly for SCNT without selection. SCNT was performed by enucleation of in vitro-matured porcine oocyte, followed by injection of non-selected donor cells, fusion with a single DC pulse of 200 V/mm for 30 μs using an electro cell fusion generator (LF101; Nepa Gene Co.), and electrical activation with a single DC pulse of 150 V/mm for 60 μs using a BTX Electro-Cell Manipulator 2001 (BTX Inc.). The SCNT embryos were cultured in PZM5 culture medium to Day 7 and analysed for the presence of modifications to the klotho gene. Blastocysts were classified as modified if they contained an INDEL as measured by both T7E1 assay and deep sequencing of PCR amplicons spanning the targeted exon. The klotho modification rate was 65% (n = 13), of which 38.5% (n = 5) of the embryos contained biallelic modifications. In conclusion, SCNT with non-selected donor cells transfected with Cas9/sgRNA RNPs might be an efficient and simple tool to produce klotho deficient pigs as models for human diseases. Further studies are required to generate klotho deficient pigs by performing embryo transfer to the recipients. This study was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in food, agriculture, forestry and fisheries (#311011–05–5-SB010, #114059–03–2-SB010), Research Institute for Veterinary Science, TS Corporation and the BK21 plus program.

심폐소생술 교육프로그램이 선박승무원의 심폐소생술 지식, 태도 및 수행능력에 미치는 효과와 지속성

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of CPR education programs on seafarers and the retention period of the knowledge. The subjects of this study were 40 seafarers who took safety training courses at the Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology. The seafarers were tested for their knowledge and attitude before, immediately after, 1 month after, and 3 months after the CPR education program. Data were analyzed for frequency, percentage, <TEX>${\chi}^2-test$</TEX>, and t-test, and ANOVA was measured repeatedly using an SPSS statistical program. Knowledge, attitude, and performance ability were significantly increased post-education as compared to pre-education. Knowledge, attitude and performance ability were consistent when tested after 1 month, but knowledge, attitude, and performance ability were significantly decreased when tested three months later. Therefore, to maintain knowledge, attitude, and skills in performing CPR, appropriate renewal times are necessary in regular seafarers' safety training centers and sailing vessels.

The Fisheries Information and Technology Section and the Organization of Fish and Wildlife Information Managers Guide to Swimming in the Ocean of Information

The volume of data available for fisheries management and research is growing exponentially, and fisheries professionals need to grow with it. We live in the Information Age, a time when humanity p...

Awareness, Training Needs and Constraints on Fishing Technologies among Small Scale Fishermen in Ondo State, Nigeria

&lt;p&gt;The role of fishing technologies in achieving the National goal of food sufficiency cannot be over emphasized. Many small scale fishermen who are supposed to be the end users of various modern fishing technologies are ignorant of various technological opportunities they stand to gain in their profession. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine the awareness, training needs and constraints on fishing technologies among small scale fishermen in Ondo State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was employed to select three local Government areas (Irele, Ilaje and Ese-odo), six fishing communities, and twelve artisanal fishermen to get a sample size of 216. Data were collected from the respondents using structured interview schedule and analyzed through the use of descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The results revealed that most of the artisanal fishermen were aware of the fishing technologies and 82.4% indicated favourable training needs towards fishing technologies. Major constraints experienced by the respondents were lack of proper net maintenance (76.9%), limited outboard engine repair workshop (73.6%) and effective fish processing, preservation techniques and equipment (70.4%). Significant relationship existed between awareness and training needs on fabrication of low cost fishing gears (X&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 18.48; p &amp;lt; 0.00), smoking oven (X&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 15.77; p &amp;lt; 0.00) and outboard engine repairs (X&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 5.47; p &amp;lt; 0.01). Based on the findings of the study, concerted efforts should be made by all stakeholders to ensure that the required training needs of artisanal fishermen are met for the sustenance of fisheries technologies.&lt;/p&gt;

Comparison of Response Systems and Education Courses against HNS Spill Incidents between Land and Sea in Korea

As the type of Hazardous and Noxious Substances(HNS) becomes various and the transport volume of HNS increases, HNS spill incidents occur frequently on land and the sea. In view of various damages to human lives and properties by HNS spills, it is necessary to educate and train professional personnel in preparation for and response to potential HNS spills. This study shows the current state of response systems and education courses against HNS spill incidents on land and the sea to compare those with each other between land and sea in Korea. Incident command system on land are basically similar to that at sea, but leading authority which is responsible for combating HNS spills at sea is changeable depending on the location of HNS spill, as it were, Korea Coast Guard(KCG) is responsible for urgent response to HNS spill at sea, while municipalities are responsible for the response to HNS drifted ashore. Education courses for HNS responders on land are established at National Fire Service Academy(NFSA), National Institute of Chemical Safety(NICS), etc., and are diverse. Education and training courses for HNS responder at sea are established at Korea Coast Guard Academy(KCGA) and Marine Environment Research & Training Institute(MERTI), and are comparatively simple. Education courses for dangerous cargo handlers who work in port where land is linked to the sea are established at Korea Maritime Dangerous Goods Inspection & Research Institute(KOMDI), Korea Port Training Institute(KPTI) and Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology(KIMFT). Through the comparison of education courses for HNS responders between land and sea, some recommendations such as extension of education targets, division of an existing integrated HNS course into two courses composed of operational level and manager level with respective refresh course, on-line cyber course and joint inter-educational institute course in cooperation with other relevant institutes are proposed for the improvement in education courses of KCG and KOEM(Korea Marine Environment Management Corporation) to educate and train professionals for combating HNS spills at sea in Korea.

TEKNOLOGI PENANGKAPAN IKAN PADA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI NAGARI PASAR LAMA AIR HAJI, KECAMATAN LINGGOSARI BAGANTI, KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN

In the fishing community, fisheries economic sector will not be released to the role of traditional fisheries technology in various forms, such as ship or boat, fishing net (Wareng). Conditions of fishing tools that is still largely traditional and the number of workers is still high fisherman showing the condition of Pasar Lama Muaro Air Haji villages classified as areas considered to have pockets of poverty . This makes the fishing could not be further moves towards its efforts to develop the technology of fishing

수산계고등학교 승선실습 운영 개선 방안 탐색

This study aimed at exploring, based on the current states and status of onboard training ship, plans to improve the boarding training management for fisheries high school. The results were as follows. The problems with the management of onboard training ship were summarized as the following four types. Firstly, The most training ships throughout the country became superannuated. Secondly, the safe equipments for training ships were necessary to compensate the defects to fall short of the international safety management standards. Thirdly, the problems could result from the dualized system between ownership and management, since training ships were owned by metropolitan and provincial education offices and operated by management centered schools. Fourthly, middle technicians such as professional fisheries manpower were not easily supplied with. The plans to improve the above problems were as in the following. Firstly, support and help of Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries were needed to launch new onboard training ships which substitute for the superannuated. Secondly, new onboard ships were required to be launched according to the updated international safety management standards. Thirdly, Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology should hold onboard training. Fourthly, on-site onboard training expertise, systemic management, safety, etc. should be compensated through industry-university-institute collaboration.

Fisheries technology management at Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR): An IPR perspective

Technology management in intellectual property rights (IPR) is a procedure, which incorporates technology production, promotion and their commercialization. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is an autonomous organization, and is the apex body for coordinating, guiding and managing research and education in agriculture in the entire country. With the aim of utilizing the vast research and development facilities and knowledge available with its institutions, ICAR has started a technology management and business incubation drive, intended for the Indian agricultural sector to promote agribusiness. This apex body has established a three-tier IP management system, which is presently giving a scope of demonstrated results by securing its research assets with different IP tools like patents, trademarks and designs; and commercializing its research outcomes. Six ICAR fisheries research institutes filed 84 patent applications, out of which 55 were filed during the last 5 years. Seven patents were conceded to 3 of these establishments, which fall under the IPC classifications A, B, C and E. Eight trademarks were additionally enlisted at the Indian Trademark Registry for diverse fish based products. To commercialize the fisheries research outcomes, including 142 technologies, 207 partnerships were developed by various institutes with 135 national and international organizations. IP protected technology commercialization is on its higher side with 21.12%, achieved within a short time span. These endeavors of technology management at ICAR, coupled with an effective technology protection and commercialization of the vast and diversified ICAR knowledge base, gave a renewed boost and a decent way for the Indian fisheries research and a new agribusiness paradigm.

Transcriptomics Analysis of Crassostrea hongkongensis for the Discovery of Reproduction-Related Genes.

BackgroundThe reproductive mechanisms of mollusk species have been interesting targets in biological research because of the diverse reproductive strategies observed in this phylum. These species have also been studied for the development of fishery technologies in molluscan aquaculture. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive process have been well studied in animal models, the relevant information from mollusks remains limited, particularly in species of great commercial interest. Crassostrea hongkongensis is the dominant oyster species that is distributed along the coast of the South China Sea and little genomic information on this species is available. Currently, high-throughput sequencing techniques have been widely used for investigating the basis of physiological processes and facilitating the establishment of adequate genetic selection programs.ResultsThe C.hongkongensis transcriptome included a total of 1,595,855 reads, which were generated by 454 sequencing and were assembled into 41,472 contigs using de novo methods. Contigs were clustered into 33,920 isotigs and further grouped into 22,829 isogroups. Approximately 77.6% of the isogroups were successfully annotated by the Nr database. More than 1,910 genes were identified as being related to reproduction. Some key genes involved in germline development, sex determination and differentiation were identified for the first time in C.hongkongensis (nanos, piwi, ATRX, FoxL2, β-catenin, etc.). Gene expression analysis indicated that vasa, nanos, piwi, ATRX, FoxL2, β-catenin and SRD5A1 were highly or specifically expressed in C.hongkongensis gonads. Additionally, 94,056 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1,699 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were compiled.ConclusionsOur study significantly increased C.hongkongensis genomic information based on transcriptomics analysis. The group of reproduction-related genes identified in the present study constitutes a new tool for research on bivalve reproduction processes. The large group of molecular markers discovered in this study will be useful for population screening and marker assisted selection programs in C.hongkongensis aquaculture.

어선에 종사하는 초급 해기사의 직업 지향에 관한 연구

In contemporary society, many fishery industries face a serious problem of having an insufficient number of junior ship officers and engineers. Even though many fishery high schools in Korea made significant effort to produce many talented junior officers and engineers, but after graduation, the students are reluctant to get a job on the fishing vessels. Furthermore, Korean government also invested a large amount of money to train students for ocean-going and costal & near-ocean fishing vessels. However, despite the government's great effort on the training program and education, only a few students wish to work on the fishing vessels. In this article, the author tried to find answers for various questions such as what are the factors that the student prefer, where the student to want to get a job in fishery industries, and how student feel about working at fishing vessels. Furthermore, the author also analyzed the differences between high school student group and Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology(KIMFT) student group about occupational orientation by utilizing SPSS statistical program. Additionally, the author surveyed the current onboard status of job position of the high school and KIMFT alumni. This study's results and data will be used for aiding further stimulation and advertisement of job position in fishing vessels and continued daily lives on board.

徳島県立農林水産総合技術支援センターの新拠点整備と最近の木材保存研究の取り組み

徳島県立農林水産総合技術支援センターの新拠点整備と最近の木材保存研究の取り組み

Fishery Analysis and Modeling Simulator (FAMS) Now Available for Windows 7 and 8

FisheriesVolume 40, Issue 1 p. 36-36 AFS News Fishery Analysis and Modeling Simulator (FAMS) Now Available for Windows 7 and 8 Andrew Loftus, Andrew Loftus ALoftus@andrewloftus.com Loftus Consulting, 3116 Munz Drive, Annapolis, MD, 21403Search for more papers by this author Andrew Loftus, Andrew Loftus ALoftus@andrewloftus.com Loftus Consulting, 3116 Munz Drive, Annapolis, MD, 21403Search for more papers by this author First published: 29 January 2015 https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2014.987235Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume40, Issue1January 2015Pages 36-36 RelatedInformation

AQUAPESQUISA: strategic diagnosis of institutions suppliers and demanders of technology in fisheries and aquaculture

The research project named Aquapesquisa aimed to do a survey and a database of public and private organizations, suppliers and demanders of technologies and knowledge of the Brazilian national fishing and aquaculture sector and, afterwards, with the application of a quantitative survey to the registered organizations, characterize and describe the profile of the companies in this sector. The first stage of this survey was conducted between February and December of 2012, which was the search for institutions that fit the categories: research and development; rural extension and technical assistance; science and technology; fishing colonies and associations. In this first stage 3,480 institutions were identified throughout Brazil. On a second stage, which was held between December of 2012 and July of 2013, the identified institutions were asked to answer voluntarily to some questionnaires, with 273 institutions responding to the survey. For this survey, four questionnaires were developed by the technical staff of Embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture; the main questionnaire applied to all institutions, while the other 3 specific questionnaires were applied according with the area of work developed by each institution. The questionnaires were applied in electronic media via web or through phone calls. The results obtained from this survey is a diagnosis of the sector, presenting, among other information: the profile of the institutions that responded to the survey; the main aquatic species used in the work undertaken in each region; the main methods used for technology transfer; the main sponsors of research projects; the main public who have used the developed technologies; a list of the courses in fishing and aquaculture offered by the educational institutions and; the main demands of the technical assistance professionals for technologies and knowledge in fishing and aquaculture. It also presents a register of researchers and their respective areas of research.

VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION OF COMMUNITY AT THE COASTAL AREA TO CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change is being understood by the local communities as seasonal change and has caused many negative impacts to the livings. This article aims to analyse vulnerability of the coastal communities due to climate change. Research was conducted in three villages located around mangrove forests functioning as protected forest in Subang Regency, conservation forest in Jembrana Regency, and private forest in Pemalang Regency. Data was collected from thirty respondents per village, and analyzed with Multivariate Analysis. Research shows that climate change has lowered the incomes of majory of the rural communities. The number of community living in private forest is the least vulnerable (37%), follows consecutively by those in conservation forest (55%), and the most vulnerable ones is (82%) in protection forest. Their vulnerability are affected by: 1) exposure, the climate; 2) sensitivity, covering dependency of coastal community sources of incomes to climate change, location of community sources of incomes close to the source of disaster, and environmental damage; and 3) adaptive capacity, including improved biophysical environment, various sources of incomes, agricultural and fishery technologies, ability to reschedule the activities, changing profession, do nothing, strong community institution, government development program, and intensive assistance.

Harnessing Fisheries Innovation for Transformational Impact in Nepal

In Nepal, per capita fish production lags far below most of the world. To be on par with our neighbors, present fish production would need to be increased at least three- or fourfold. For fish production to have a transformational impact on Nepal’s economy, an increase of four- or fivefold would be needed within a decade before the climate change could impact severely the industry. As well, businesses and the government would need to move quickly to produce a more favorable environment for job creation. However, for this transformation to happen pronouncedly, we need to know what additional fisheries technologies would best suit to enhance substantial production under putative climate changes and stimulating socioeconomics for more job and income opportunities. In this paper, we propose several solutions keeping intact aquatic biodiversity. 1) Carp, catfish Pangasius spp, tilapia and rainbow trout would provide the best returns from the marketplace. 2) Recreational fisheries and further cold water aquaculture opportunities need to be improved, 3) Head and tail waters of Pico-, micro-, and mega-hydropower should be prioritized as an area of aquaculture concern for harnessing Nepal’s vertical gradient landscape.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v15i0.11295HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentVolume: 15, 2014, JulyPage: 53-59

Acceptance of Technology among Malaysian Fishermen

This paper delves into research on acceptance of state-of-the-art in technology at the individual level among fishermen in Malaysia. This study is quantitative, and surveys a total of 200 registered fishermen from Johor, Malacca and Selangor. The analyses performed have confirmed that the main points that gear fishermen toward accepting fishery technology are related to the issues of safety, technological skill and knowledge, time saving, and minimization of interference by the middleman. A number of discussions and recommendations have been placed and can be expected to assist the relevant parties concerned with constructing strategies to further encourage the use of fishery technologies among fishermen in Malaysia.

An overview of freshwater prawn fishery in Bangladesh: present status and future prospect

Ferdous Ahamed, Bernerd Fulanda, Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddik, Md. Yeamin Hossain, Md. Mostafizur Rahman Mondol, Zoarder Faruque Ahmed, Jun Ohtomi Department of Fisheries Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Marine and Coastal, P.O. Box 81651, Mombasa 80100, Kenya Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014; 2(7): 580-588

Hatchery Flounder Going Wild: Authenticity, Aesthetics, and Fetishism of Fish in Japan

This article—based on ethnographic research on fish stocking and discourses surrounding authenticity, aesthetics, and taste of wild fish in Japan—examines the cultural production of the “wilderness.” While Japan's seafood culture has long historical roots, this fetishism of wild fish is a product of the recent advancement of fisheries technology, namely aquaculture and fish stocking. The expansion of aquaculture has shaped not only the notion of the “cultivated” but also that of the “wild.” Simultaneously, the development of fish stocking—the national project to enhance wild fish stocks by releasing hatchery-bred juveniles into the ocean—has also contributed to the reimagining of the authenticity of “wild” fish while complicating it. By looking at flounder, one of the most popular species for fish stocking, this article reveals that tasting “wilderness” is a multisensory experience that reflects not only gustatory but also visual dimensions.

Estudo Morfológico de Myxosporídio em Hemiodus unimaculatus Bloch, 1794 (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae) Oriundos do Município de Ferreira Gomes, Estado do Amapá

Dentre os parasitos mais comuns em peixes, pode-se encontrar uma variedade de grupos de microrganismos unicelulares, os espécimes de mixosporídios são encontrados na maioria dos órgãos do corpo de seus hospedeiros, sendo mais frequentes, bexiga natatória, vesícula biliar, rim, gônada, cérebro e brânquias. Estas espécies possuem alto grau de tropismo, tanto para o hospedeiro, como para os tecidos infectados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever estruturalmente e morfologicamente a espécie de Henneguya sp. na área de estudo.