Fishery Exports Research Articles

Forecasting the Volatility of Tuna Fish Prices in North Sumatra using the ARCH Method in the Period January - April 2024

Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is one of the most important fisheries commodities in Indonesia with significant economic value, especially in its contribution to fisheries export revenue. However, the price of tuna experiences significant fluctuations that can affect local and national economic stability. This study analyzes the daily price fluctuations of tuna in the North Sumatra market from January 1, 2024 to April 29, 2024 using a time series analysis approach. Daily price data were collected and analyzed to identify existing price patterns and volatility. The Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model was selected to address the heteroscedasticity in the data, which suggests that the volatility of tuna prices can be well predicted based on past price behavior. The analysis steps include identifying the optimal ARCH model using the Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and Partial Autocorrelation Function (PACF), as well as testing parameter significance and normality assumptions to validate the model fit. The results show that the ARMA (1,0,0) model is the optimal one to model the price volatility of yellow tuna with the MAPE obtained of 2.382. compared to the ARMA-ARCH method with the MAPE value obtained of 2,747. Because it still contains heteroskedasticity effects, even though the results are good, the prediction results do not closely match the original data. The model is effective in improving price forecasting accuracy, which is important to support decision-making in risk management and economic planning in the fisheries sector. The findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of the yellowtail market and optimizing strategies for fisheries management.

Export demand patterns for blue swimming crab from Indonesia to United States : impact of fishing seasons in FMA 712 (2018 to 2022)

Abstract Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a significant fishery export commodity from Indonesia, especially the fisheries management area (FMA) 712. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between export demand and fishing season in FMA 712 during the last five years (2018–2022) based on export volume, prices, and fishing season information. Fishing season in Indonesia was classified as the west season with high rainfall (November to May) and the east season with low rainfall (June to October). The data were analyzed by correlation and trend analysis. The results showed that the export demand for blue swimming crab fluctuated with the fishing season. Demand for blue swimming crab tends to increase in the west season due to abundant supply from a favorable fishing season, leading to decreased prices due to international market competition. Conversely, demand for blue swimming crabs declines in the east season due to reduced supply from an unfavorable fishing season, resulting in increased prices due to limited availability. To address fluctuations, market diversification, product quality improvement, and sustainable fishery resource management are essential to balance profitable exports and marine preservation. Other variables that may influence export demand, such as global economic and political factors, were not included in this analysis.

The impact of using predigested feed on growth and molting frequency in blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) enlargement

Abstract Blue swimming crab is one of the leading fishery export commodities which occupies the 3rd largest position after tuna and shrimp. Crab maintenance so far uses rasbora fish feed which has several drawbacks, including inappropriate nutrition, depending on the season, and is difficult to handle. Therefore, simple artificial feed is needed to support crab growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of artificial feeding supplemented with pancreatic extract on crab growth. The research design used in this study was completely randomized design (CRD) with different concentrations of pancreatic extract (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%). Parameters observed included water quality (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, and ammonia), feed proximate, crab biology. The results of this study indicate that the water quality in this study supports the life of blue swimming crabs. The feed proximate results show that the proximate value is in accordance with the crab’s needs. The results of swimming crab biology showed that the highest growth of crab was owned by the artificial feed + 9% pancreas and the lowest was in the trash fish treatment. Based on the results it can be seen that the best treatment to support the life of the blue swimming crab is artificial feed + 9% pancreas. Predigestion feed with the help of pancreatic extract concentrations can increase crab growth compared to ordinary feed or rasbora fish feed.

Economic impacts of the European Union carding system on global fish trade

Due to the rise in illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, the sustainable management of fishing resources is in jeopardy. The European Union (EU) is the first regional player to establish stringent guidelines to prevent, deter, and eliminate IUU fishing. The EU carding system administers the mandate for requiring a catch certificate. Using a system of yellow and red cards, countries that export fishery products to the EU are encouraged to lessen IUU fishing in their waters. The yellow card acts as a formal warning, whereas the red card results in an import ban. This study examines the impact of fishery exports to the EU under the carding system. Findings from the structural gravity models show that fishery exports from yellow- and red-carded countries to the EU fall by an average of 23% and 83%, respectively. The computed marginal effects suggest that the yellow and red cards be tariff equivalents of 5% and 43%, respectively. The IUU regulation, as a trade-restrictive technical measure, is an example of effective, legitimate efforts to combat IUU fishing and ensure sustainable fisheries worldwide.

Forecasting Freight on Board for Gonggong Export in Batam Using Markov Chain

As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has great potential in the fisheries sector. As a free trade zone, Batam is important in exporting fishery products. One of the fishery export products in Batam City is gonggong snails. It is a favorite seafood item in Riau Islands Province and has high economic value. However, previous studies focused more on the content of gonggong snails and their industrial feasibility; there has been no specific research on the analysis of gonggong snail exports in Batam City, even though gonggong snails are one of Batam City's export products. In this research, we will forecast the freight on board (FoB) value for gonggong exports in Batam City using a discrete-time Markov chain with two states: above and below the moving average. There are several types of moving averages, including simple moving averages and weighted moving averages. An initial analysis will determine the moving averages' type and duration following the Gonggong export FOB data in Batam. The data used is the Gonggong export FoB data for Batam City from January 2020 to November 2023. Based on this data, the transition probability matrix will be calculated based on the number of export transitions below and above the Weighted Moving Average 6 (WMA 6) value. Limiting probability from the Markov chain will be used to predict the long-term FOB value of fishery product exports up to steady-state conditions. It was found that steady-state conditions would be reached after 17 months, with a probability of FOB exports below WMA6 of 55.06% and FOB exports above WMA6 of 44.94%.

Design and implementation of a shrimp pond monitoring system using Internet of Things

In 2020, the volume of fishery exports will reach 1.26 billion kilograms (kg) with a value of US$ 5.2 billion. Shrimp became the commodity with the most exports, namely 239.28 million kilograms with a value of US$ 2.04 billion. In 2020 shrimp aquaculture production in Indonesia reached 911.2 thousand tons, shrimp also contributed to the total export volume of fishery products by 18.95%. Vaname shrimp production is also targeted to reach 2 million tons in 2024, some of which will be for export. In an effort to achieve this target, a system is needed that is capable of monitoring and controlling shrimp ponds using the Internet of Things (IoT). Because the monitoring process that is carried out traditionally will take time and be less efficient. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system for monitoring and controlling shrimp ponds automatically using IoT. Sensors and microcontrollers are used to read and control input and output data such as pH, temperature, salinity, turbidity, light intensity, water level, and actuators for filling and draining pumps. This system will also be equipped with an expert system to be able to perform data analysis of measured parameters. This research was carried out within 2 years. In has been carried out the development and manufacture of hardware on the monitoring and control system. In the second year, hardware and software integration will be carried out to be able to monitor, control, and analyze data as decision support and implementation in the actual system. The purpose of this research is to design and build a monitoring and control system for shrimp ponds based on the Internet of Things.

THE CRUSTACEAN'S EXPORT-IMPORT MAPPING OF FISH QUARANTINE AND INSPECTION AGENCY (FQIA) JAKARTA I ON 2021-2022 PERIOD

Indonesia's crustacean has great potential fisheries business. The depletion of fisheries natural resources needs to be solved to avoid overfishing, especially for crustaceans. The study aim was to analyze crustacean diversity and mapping its products on export and import markets, as well as to analyze the sustainability of crustacean export-import across Indonesia. The study was conducted at FQIA Jakarta I on January until February 2023. The descriptive analysis method was used. The results of the study showed that Indonesia's fisheries export were higher than import activities. On crustacean exports, the highest destination country for lobster (Panulirus sp.) is Cina, the highest destination country for crab (Portunus pelagicus) is the USA, the highest destination country for mud crab (Scylla serrata) is Cina, and the highest destination countries for mantis shrimp (Squilla mantis) are Hongkong and Cina. Meanwhile, for imported crustaceans, snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) came from Japan, and American lobster (Homarus americanus) came from Canada and USA. The overfishing has not occurred as illustrated for fishing grounds in Indonesia. It indicated by the average of annual catch value which has not higher than MSY catch. Keywords: Crustacea, fish market, fishing ground, annual catch, sustainable.

The Influence of Sustainable Captured Fish Supply Chain Management on the Quality of Sea-Caught Fish Exports

A report from the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries explains that Indonesia's total fishery exports in September 2023 will reach US$ 4.1 billion (Rp. 64.1 trillion). This figure is still far from the target to be achieved, namely US$ 7.8 billion in 2023. The aim of this research is to accelerate the development of the National Fisheries Industry which is at the forefront. Take the example of the fisheries supply chain in Cilacap Regency which is the largest producer of caught fish on the island of Java. By using the Soft System Research Methodology (SSM), the efforts made are to outline solutions to unstructured problems, understand the actual problem situation and take action to improve it. From the survey results, there are six problems in the supply chain of capture fisheries industry activities in Cilacap Regency, namely lack of facilities and infrastructure, lack of understanding and knowledge of fishermen, limited capital for capture fisheries businesses, excessive fishing, fishing community culture and weak supervision/law. Meanwhile, the research results show that in an ideal marine fisheries industry supply chain system, Cilacap Regency must carry out coordination and communication activities between caught fish supply chain actors, provide facilities and infrastructure, build logistics networks, standardize production, control storage methods, build systems monitoring, quality assurance of fisheries, and building a capture fisheries trading system. The implications include providing education to fishermen regarding marketing, collecting information about consumers and their needs, developing and developing fishermen's competence, government supervision, building local fishermen's cooperatives and maintaining traditional values.

Unleashing the efficiency and potential of Indonesian fishery exports to the European union market

Unleashing the efficiency and potential of Indonesian fishery exports to the European union market

Cross-Border Factors and Trade Agreements Affecting Meat, Milk and Fisheries Exports from Pakistan: Evidence from the Gravity Model Analysis

The livestock and fishery sectors of Pakistan, not only contributes to GDP but can also considerably boosts export revenue for the country. This study identifies the cross-border factors and trade agreements affecting meat, milk, and fisheries exports from Pakistan. To accomplish this objective, the study used three different panel dataset of countries that import milk, meat, and fish from Pakistan. Results from commodity-specific gravity models show that increase in income in importing countries increases exports of the three products from Pakistan. Moreover, distance between Pakistan, and milk and milk products importing countries significantly reduces milk and milk products exports from Pakistan. Furthermore, an increase in the population of the age group of 65 and above increases milk and milk products exports. Besides, an increase in exchange rate in importing countries also decreases Pakistani meat and fishery exports. Countries who signed TIFA with Pakistan received higher exports of milk and milk products from Pakistan. The free trade agreements of other countries with Pakistan results in lower meat exports as compared to transit trade agreements. Finally, countries who signed preferential trade agreements with Pakistan received higher fishery exports. Findings of this study would provide valuable input for policymakers which in turn will enable them to devise appropriate commercial policies for milk, meat, and fishery products.

Is there a relationship between human development and dependenceon fisheries?

International food and raw material security issues has gained much more importance than ever. This study examines that the following questions ‘Who depends onwhom?’ and ‘What is the level of dependency?’ considering relationships between “fisheries context” (catch and aquaculture production, total fisheries export and import,fisheries export and import value, fish consumption per capita, and processed fisheries product) and human development of countries (as Human DevelopmentIndex-HDI). The overall result of the study pointed that the countries located in the highest categories in terms of HDI were both export and import-dependent. The most importance levels of dependency for the Low Developed Countries (HDI < 0.550) were fish consumption, and total imports; for Medium Developed Countries (0.550 ≤ HDI <0.699) were export value, exports, and catch production;for High Developed Countries (0.699 ≤ HDI <0.80) was total exports; for Very High Developed Countries-I (0.80≤ HDI < 0.900) was exports; and for Very High Developed Countries-II ( HDI ≥ 0.90) was import value. To improve the human development of the countries and maintain thefood security around the world, the following points could be suggested: i) to increase the aquaculture production both in inland and marine environments where possible, ii) for low and medium developed countries, instead of raw material exporting, to support increasing the production capacity of processed fisheries products that have higher global market prices.

Pengaruh Lama Waktu Pengukusan Terhadap Karakteristik Kimia Dan Organoleptik Kaki Naga (Drums Stick) Ikan Marlin (Makiara Indica) Produk Koprasi Aceh Food Fish Jely

Black marlin fish (makiara indica) or “balck marlin” it a class of Scombroid fish which is included in a fishery export commodity with high economic value in, dragon's feet is a processed fishery product whose research aims to de rermine the length of steaming time different and to find out the best chemical and organo leptic characteristics with different length of steaming time. quantitative research methods, data analysis used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 different treatments, P1: 15 minutes, P2: 30 minutes and P3: 45 minutes at 100 0C. Proximate analysis results, sho ing the best water content at 45 minutes with a value (61.35%), the best ash content at 15 minutes with a value (1.36%), the best fat content at 45 minutes with a value (3.01%), the best protein content at 15 minutes with a value (18.69%), the best crude fiber found at 15 minutes with a value (4.41%), and the best carbohydrate content at 30 minutes with a value of (9.58%). The organoleptic results that the analyst likes the most on appearance are in the 15-minute treatment with an average value of at least 7 (the spatial product is very strong), the taste that the analyst likes the most is in the treatment 30 minutes with an average value of at least 7, the most preferred odor by the analyst is in the 30-minute treatment with a minimum average value of 7 (the spatial product is less strong), and for the most preferred texture by the analyst is in the 30-minute treatment with a average of at least 7 (dense and compact).

Current status and chronological development of fisheries and aquaculture in Bangladesh

While many parts of the world face water scarcity, Bangladesh is fortunate to have an abundance of the resource. The economic health of the country depends heavily on the fishing industry. Both capture fisheries and culture fisheries are common types of fisheries. Unlike culture fisheries, which is farming aquatic organisms in closed waters under controlled conditions, capture fisheries typically means harvesting fish and other aquatic organisms from open waters. This article examines Bangladesh's fisheries and aquaculture sectors using data from the Bangladesh Department of Fisheries and a few other relevant organizations and articles. Bangladesh is one of the world's major fish producers, with a total output of 4.62 million metric tons (MT) in the fiscal year 2020-2021. The majority (57.10%) of the country's fish and shrimp come from aquaculture, while 28.16 and 14.74 percent come from inland capture and marine capture, respectively. Bangladesh ranks only fifth in aquaculture production and third in inland open-water capture production whereas it stands first in hilsa production in the world. One of the most productive fish species is the major carp. There has been a modest increase in the country's inland aquaculture output over the past few decades, but the country also gets fish from inland capture and marine fisheries. The most recent ten years have seen significant contributions to inland capture fisheries and inland aquaculture from floodplains and ponds, respectively. The most common fisheries exports are frozen raw shrimp in blocks, individually quick frozen (IQF) shrimp and white fish, chilled and frozen Hilsa, crab, etc. In 2020-21, the country has earned BDT 4088.96 crore, or 1.24% of total export revenues, from exporting 76.59 metric tons of fish, shrimp, and other fishery products. However, over the past decade, the value of exported fish and fishery products has shown a nearly erratic trend. In contrast, annual production of the national fish hilsa has increased on a rising trend over the past decade. The number of carp seeds produced from both natural and artificial sources has followed an erratic increasing trend with some deviations during the past decennium. As the country's fisheries and aquaculture industries continue to grow, many cutting-edge technologies are making significant contributions that are helping to improve the quality of life for all involved. This has helped Bangladesh's economy expand over the past decade, particularly in fishing and aquaculture sectors.

A qualitative study on fishery export refusals due to food safety concerns: identification of product handling, corrective actions, risk factors, and risk mitigation

Producers are the parties most affected by export rejection due to food safety concerns. This study used a qualitative approach to identify the handling of refused products, corrective actions, risk factors, and mitigations. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed to ask twelve Fishery Processing Units (FPUs) which produce various products, such as shrimp, tuna, cephalopods, crabs, frogs, and other fish from various provinces in Indonesia, as well as four producer associations. The result of the study showed the handling of refused products, comprising reimportation, laboratory analysis, product destruction, re-exportation, sales to the local markets, and conversion into feed, was found to be expensive. The total cost incurred may reach 400 million rupiahs (more or less USD 28,000) for a single rejection. Moreover, those costs did not include investment for corrective actions in improving the production system. Therefore, preventive actions were still proven to be important to prevent greater losses, by identifying risk factors in production steps and formulating mitigation strategies. Bacterial pathogens and contamination by heavy metals and food contact materials were the common risk factors for tuna, shrimp, and cephalopods. Mitigation strategies may include hygienic and rapid production with the application of cold chains to prevent the growth of microbiological hazards and stave off subsequent contamination. In addition to the selection of safe areas for aquaculture and fishing, the use of safe food contact materials and the proper use of antimicrobials were employed as mitigation measures for chemical hazards.

DNA barcoding seafood products for export from the Philippines

Accurate and responsible identification and labeling as a precautionary measure to ensure health safety and sustainability in fish and fishery products consumption is an issue that is taken seriously in global trade operations. In the Philippines, the Consumer Act (Republic Act 7394) mandates that all products should be properly labeled as to its accurate nature, quality and quantity. More innovative and reliable way to assess species identity and authenticity testing in commercial fishery export products in the country is needed. A survey of the export fishery products was conducted to assess whether the species indicated on the labels is correct using DNA barcoding. Tissue samples belonging to different product categories were collected from registered and accredited exporting companies from Metro Manila, Metro Cebu, General Santos City and Palawan. A total of 189 samples was sequenced and identified. Eighty six (86) or 45.50% were accurately labeled, eighty eight (88) or 45.56% were partially labeled and fifteen (15) or 7.94% were mislabeled. Mislabeled products were found to occur in Metro Manila (7 or 3.70%), in Metro Cebu (1 or 0.53%) and General Santos City (7 or 3.70%). Forty five (45) samples out of the 189 or 23.81% identified were from prepared and preserved, and cured. This study showed that DNA barcoding can identify products even those that have undergone processing and preservation, and that it is an effective tool in the detection of seafood mislabeling, which can be used for traceability and regulatory activities of government agencies to monitor seafood trade.

The competitiveness of Indonesia’s frozen shrimp exports in international market

Shrimp is the first Indonesia’s leading fishery export commodity, above tuna, squid, crab, and seaweed. The categories of shrimp that are exported are frozen shrimp, fresh shrimp, and processed shrimp, where the largest quantity for the shrimp export category is frozen shrimp. However, Indonesia’s export value growth for frozen shrimp is still lower than its competitors. This study aims to analyze the level of competitiveness of frozen shrimp exports in Indonesia among competing countries in international market. The data used was secondary data obtained from related agencies. The analytical method used to analyze competitiveness is Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). This method was used to analyze changes in the level of competition for 1 years, namely 2007 – 2021. The results showed that in international market on 2007-2021, Indonesia’s frozen shrimp exports has a strong competitiveness. Indonesian frozen shrimp the competitiveness had a trend that tends to decline within 11 years. Based on the analysis results using RCA method, Indonesian frozen shrimp competitiveness on the 2007-2021 period was seen to decrease until 2012 and began to increase in 2013, while other competing countries, namely Argentina, Ecuador and India, showed an increase in competitiveness. Meanwhile, several other competing countries such as Bangladesh, Belgium, Denmark, Mexico, Thailand, and Vietnam experienced a decline in competitiveness as well as the value of RCA decreased.

Determinan Kinerja Sub Sektor Perikanan Guna Mendukung Ketahanan Ekonomi Di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

ABSTRACT Riau Islands Province has a large potential of fishery resources but has not been utilized optimally to increase regional economic growth, in addition to the problem of territorial boundaries in the South Natuna Sea between Indonesia and Vietnam and China, as well as a decrease in the number of Indonesian fishing fleets operating in the province. The Riau Archipelago is faced with the proliferation of foreign fishing vessels looking for fish in the region. The purpose of this study is to find and analyze the effect of domestic investment, fishery business credit, fishery exports and the number of fishing fleets on the performance of the fisheries sub-sector in the Riau Islands Province. In this research, the natural logarithm equation (Ln) model is used, with explanatory research analysis research methods or hypothesis research through explanations of causal relationships between variables, while the research design uses panel data analysis cross section 7 cities/districts and time series for 6 years from 2015 to 2020 in the Riau Islands Province using quantitative inferential statistics. The result show that the variables of domestic investment, fishery business credit, fishery exports and the number of fishing fleets simultaneously have a significant effect, also partially have a significant and positive effect on the performance of the fisheries sub-sector in the Riau Islands Province. Likewise, the fishery sub-sector performance variable has a significant and positive

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN TRANSHIPMENT OLEH INDONESIA PADA INDSUTRI PRODUK OLAHAN IKAN THAILAND

The problem of transhipment is a matter of transitional transport or modified transportation issues. This transit place can receive supplies and can deliver goods. The main purpose of the transshipment problem is to minimize the cost of the distribution of goods delivered from the place of origin to the destination even though through the transit point. The problem in this research is with the policy of transhipment issued by Indonesian government causing negative impact to fishery industry, especially processed fishery product in Thailand country The eradication of fish theft in Indonesian waters had a direct impact on Thailand's fishery exports which affected the country's gross domestic product (GDP). Thailand National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) data reveal that the contribution of the fishery sector to Thailand's GDP has decreased drastically. The average contribution of the fishery sector to Thailand's GDP has been recorded at 1.6 percent, while in the third quarter of 2015 it contributed minus 3.1 percent. While the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) noted in 2013 to second quarter 2014, Thai fishery industry has decreased.

Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Udang Beku Indonesia di Jepang dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhinya Tahun 1989-2019

Frozen shrimp is Indonesia's leading fishery export. In the world, Indonesia is ranked fourth as the largest frozen shrimp exporter. One of Indonesia's target markets is Japan. However, among other countries, only Indonesian frozen shrimp has a downward trend. If this decline continues, it could make Indonesia lose its frozen shrimp export market, that is Japan. The purpose of this study was to describe the competitiveness of Indonesian frozen shrimp in Japan and determine the factors that influence it in the long and short term. The analytical methods used is Error Correction Mechanism. The results showed that Indonesian frozen shrimp had good competitiveness with fluctuations and increasing trends. Factors that affect competitiveness in the long and short term are exchange rates, export volumes, world shrimp prices, and export values of competing countries. Indonesia's GDP percapita only has an effect in the long term, while the IJEPA policy has no effect.

Analysis of Growth and Water Quality Dynamics in vannamei white Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Cultivation Using the Millennial Shrimp Farming System in Indonesia

Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is the mainstay of fishery exports in Indonesia. In order to achieve the vannamei shrimp production target, the Millennial Shrimp Farming (MSF) system was developed to make vaname cultivation possible in limited land and relatively small business capital. Although many MSF systems have been carried out, studies reporting on shrimp growth and water quality in MSF systems in Indonesia have not been widely reported. This study aimed to analyze the growth of vaname shrimp and the dynamics of water quality during white shrimp culture with MSF system in Indonesia. The parameters analyzed were daily water quality (pH, DO, Salinity, Brightness), weekly water quality (NH3, NO2, PO4, H2S), and shrimp growth (survival rate, average body weight, average body length, average daily growth). Water quality measurements were carried out 2 times a day (06.00 am and 04.00 pm). The results in this study indicated that the white white shrimp culture system with the MSF system can be used as an alternative to increase white shrimp production in Indonesia. To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first study to report that the white shrimp culture system with the MSF system could be used to maintain water quality in ponds and produced optimal shrimp growth.