Fisheries Value Chain Research Articles

Ventures Within Fisheries Value Chain that Men and Women Participate in Nairobi City County, Kenya

The government of Kenya has put in place an integrated package of service to reduce gender disparities through credit facilitation, which includes business skills, enhanced and increased access to the viable markets among others. It is in this respect that this study sought to establish the status of men and women in the entrepreneurial fisheries activities in Kenya; with an objective to establish various ventures within fisheries value chain that men and women participate. The social structural theory developed by Connell (1987) based on patriarchal system and social mechanisms in place to reinforce and sustain the ideology. The theory provides a substantive justification of women’s subordination in the fisheries value chain. The study findings showed that men were prominent in economically high end City market and South C market while women were more in the marginal Kariobangi market. The findings revealed that men had controlled the high-end value chains namely; aquaculture/fish harvesting, transportation, distribution, middle trade, and large scale while women were more focused on the lower end value chain namely; grading/sorting/gleaning and market sellers.

Co-governance and upgrading in the South African small-scale fisheries value chain

This paper identifies new forms of public-private modes of governance for achieving collective forms of value chain upgrading in South African small-scale fisheries. Our analysis focuses on the different stages of implementing the 2012 small-scale fisheries policy designed to promote collective action and enable inter alia small-scale rock lobster fishers to improve rights allocation and the terms of their inclusion in export value chains. The results indicate that collective action by fishers is imperative to achieve upgrading by small-scale fishers in value chains, and that constructive and well defined relations with private as well as extra-transactional actors, like government and NGOs, are essential to the success of collective action as an upgrading strategy. By combining insights from interactive governance and global value chain governance we propose a new analytical framework that goes beyond upgrading alone to better understand the influences of collective action and the role of these extra-transactional actors in the development of small-scale fisheries.

Profitability Analysis of Small Scale Fishery Enterprise in Nigeria

Segmented markets of sub-optimal size existing in fishery value chain do not ensure sizeable private investment in the different stages of the value chain in Nigeria. Supply-demand gaps are increasingly being filled by imports, thus dampening prospects for increased revenue generation by actors in the chain. Market failures in the fish value chain limited capability and performance of small scale fish enterprises at the various stages of the chain. As such this study is prompted by the need to determine and compare profitability of actors along the fish value chain with the use of survey data collected from fishery farmers, marketers and processors. Budgetary framework was used to estimate cost and returns to actors while regression framework was used to estimate determinants of profit at the small scale farm level. The results showed that lowest level of profitability was associated with the producers of fish at farm level. Across all stages, profitability was affected by changes in the cost of labour more than any other costs. In addition, the results showed that profit level declined by 0.04%, 0.51%, 0.01%, and 0.13%, respectively, for every one percent increase in the cost of labour, fertilizer and liming, feed and pond construction at the small scale farm level. Findings suggest that emphasis of new agricultural promotion policy should be on strengthening linkage and access of small scale operators in fishery subsector to adequate inputs, information, and innovation at reduced costs so as to drive increased investments and profitability in fishery value chain.

Value Chain Management in Marine Fisheries: A Case Study of Andhra Pradesh

The value chain management assists the stakeholders to perform value added operations, add value to the product and have better returns from the market. This paper attempts at value chain management practices adopted by the players of the marine fisheries chain in Andhra Pradesh and how much value they are adding to the final fish product. The study has been structured to capture the essence of the processes and flow of the value chain in Marine fisheries. The study is designed in such a way that it addresses various research questions like the basic value chain structure, value added operations in fisheries value chain, cost of each operation along with price increase and finally the final price of the product. In this paper, in order to suggest the suitable value chain, a thorough market research was conducted to study the Value Chain Management practices employed by Fishermen, Middlemen, Retailers, Head loaders and Cycle carrier with respect to fresh fish in the coastal area of the State of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Key constraints and problems affecting the inland fishery value chain in central Mexico

Anthropogenic activities have been the major cause of watershed deterioration in many parts of the world, negatively impacting inland fisheries. In Mexico, freshwater fishing represents a source of protein, income, and employment for rural communities; however, in the national fisheries statistics they only account for 3% of the total production, and increases have not taken place since the 1990s. Demand is higher than supply because the national market can only provide 50% of consumption, and these fisheries are currently passing through a complex situation that prevents an increase in production levels and fishers’ incomes. This study examined the main production constraints and problems that prevent production from increasing to satisfy national demand. We considered value chain analysis and fish catch dynamic approaches. Fieldwork was conducted in 2 periods during 2011 and 2012 in 4 riparian communities near Lake Chapala and Lake Yuriria. The methodological approach considered socioeconomic factors and temporal variability of catch volume in both lakes. Results showed that production constraints are the result of watershed and fisheries mismanagement. Catch levels were strongly related to the environmental conditions of the lakes, which have shown instability and decline that affect fishers’ livelihoods. In addition, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing and the ineffectiveness of institutions to rule the actions of all actors who intervene in the management and use of these resources allow destructive strategies toward the fisheries. Finally, inland fisheries management is not considered part of watershed management policies, resulting in ill-adapted water allocation policies that affect fisheries production levels.

Producing for Chinese luxury seafood value chains: Different outcomes for producers in the Philippines and North America

This paper examines the implications of changing Chinese seafood value chains for producers in source countries. The paper shows how institutions mediate the relationship between luxury seafood consumption in China and the ability of producers to environmentally and socio-economically upgrade. Examples come from the live reef fish for food trade in the Philippines and different seafood products from North America. The paper traces the implications of differences in institutional context across developing and developed countries. Fisheries value chains linking China and Southeast Asia exemplify environmental and socio-economic downgrading, as a consequence of an institutional context of weak regulation and local financing capacities in the Philippines. In contrast, the massively different institutional context of North American seafood production means that growth in Chinese consumption presents opportunities to upgrade.

Green market for small people: Markets and opportunities for upgrading in small-scale fisheries in Indonesia

This article examines responses of small-scale fishers and traders to a proposed fisheries management initiative in Indonesia. The responses of these local actors demonstrate both opportunities for upgrading in the fisheries value chain and challenges for more sustainable fisheries management. Small-scale fisheries are the least regulated natural resource sector in Indonesia, but recent initiatives attempt to address problems of over-fishing, poverty and livelihood insecurity. This article examines one such initiative, the Lesser Sunda Sustainable Fisheries Initiative (LSSFI), and attitudes towards it held by local fishers. The LSSFI combines market incentives and support with a Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries (TURF) system and reserve. Fishers generally viewed market-based incentives positively, seeing them as enhancing their livelihoods and freeing them from debt-based patronage relationships. In contrast, fishers had mixed responses to the TURF-reserve proposal. Those who were less mobile agreed to the TURF-reserve, while those who fish distant coastal waters as well as adjacent areas were opposed. An additional barrier to the acceptance of TURF-reserves is that most small-scale fisheries in Indonesia exist as an open access resource and confidence in the ability of the government to enforce reserve areas is low.

Gender integration in livestock and fisheries value chains: emerging good practices from analysis to action

It is widely recognized that women are significant actors in crop-livestock, pastoralist and fish systems. However, too little is known about agricultural development projects which deliberately work towards gender equity in livestock and fish value chains. Research insights into gender roles and responsibilities along fish and livestock chains on how gender relations at household and community level may affect women and men's access to resources for livestock production, and their relative benefits from value chain development, are often weakly integrated into development planning and practice. More profoundly, inequalities tend to reproduce inequalities. These are crippling for the individuals involved as well as for the achievement of development outcomes. In order to redress the balance a number of research and development partners are working to develop analytic frameworks and implementation guidelines to enable gender equity in livestock and fish value chains. This paper examines recent and on-going work to develop tools for effective gender analyses in value chains and how these are being fed into project design. Case studies are taken from Zambia, Kenya and Egypt.

Shifting post production patterns: Exploring changes in New Zealand's seafood processing industry

This paper examines the changing nature of New Zealand's seafood companies' production practices. The past 15 years has seen the offshore outsourcing of post-harvest fish gain unprecedented momentum. The growth in offshore processing is a further stage in an increasingly globalised fisheries value chain. Fish is head and gutted, frozen and then transported to processing sites in China where it is thawed, value-added processed and refrozen for export to the original sourcing country or third country markets. Reasons advanced by the industry for this shift in production practices include quota reductions, increasing production costs and the sale of trawlers.

Supply Chain Management in the Aquaculture Industry: The Case of Food Fish Aquaculture in Sri Lanka

The study was taken up with the objective of identification of local and regional market potential for each main food fish species commonly found in the catch of inland fisheries and aquaculture in Sri Lanka and to identify the market segmentation of each of these fish species and prices in local and regional markets. The study methodology included both desk research and primary research in landing sites and regional markets of Western, Eastern, Sabaragamuwa and North-Central provinces in Sri Lanka. The study has employed BCG matrix for interpretation and analysis the supply chain. The study identifies the different value chains present in the trade map. Fishery value chain is dominated by few big players and a number of intermediaries were high and hence adds up to the cost of product without adding value to the chain. Presence of “patron-client relationship” throughout the supply chain is prevalent. The research indicates that the demand for fishe in the regional markets is dominated mainly by few preferential species. Key words: supply chain; fish and fishery products; Sri Lanka DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/suslj.v9i1.3741 Sabaramuwa University Journal, Volume 9 Number 1; December 2010, pp 147-169

VALUE CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN MARINE FISHERIES: A CASE STUDY OF ANDHRA PRADESH

The value chain management assists the stakeholders to perform value added operations, add value to the product and have better returns from the market. This paper attempts at value chain management practices adopted by the players of the marine fisheries chain in Andhra Pradesh and how much value they are adding to the final fish product. The study has been structured to capture the essence of the processes and flow of the value chain in Marine fisheries. The study is designed in such a way that it addresses various research questions like the basic value chain structure, value added operations in fisheries value chain, cost of each operation along with price increase and finally the final price of the product. In this paper, in order to suggest the suitable value chain, a thorough market research was conducted to study the Value Chain Management practices employed by Fishermen, Middlemen, Retailers, Head loaders and Cycle carrier with respect to fresh fish in the coastal area of the State of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Early Indications of Market Impacts from the Marine Stewardship Council's Ecolabeling of Seafood

Early Indications of Market Impacts from the Marine Stewardship Council's Ecolabeling of Seafood