Fisher's Transformation Research Articles

Cross-cultural study of the qualitative aspects of higher education teachers' emotional intelligence: Kazakhstan and Russia

PurposeThe emotional intelligence (EI) model is widely used in pedagogy, management and other spheres as a useful concept with great potential for application. At the same time, there are significant differences in the traits of EI in different social groups, in particular, in different countries, which are just beginning to be studied. To date, there is a significant gap in the research literature on cross-cultural research in the field of EI, especially in the area of measuring its performance. This work is devoted to the study of the quantitative aspects of the differences in the traits of EI between teachers of higher educational institutions in Kazakhstan and Russia.Design/methodology/approachFor the study, 700 participants from two countries were involved, 350 people from each with an approximately equal distribution by gender and age. Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher transformation were used for statistical analysis of the results of the N. Hall test for teachers from two countries.FindingsAs a result of assessing the level of EI by the method of N. Hall, significant differences were found in the manifestation of various scales of EI in representatives of these two groups (Fisher's transformation relative to the scales: “emotional awareness” was f*em = 5.466).Originality/valueThe practical value of the study lies in the discovery of a methodology for determining the difference in the traits of EI, which can be used in the correction of teaching methods, personnel management in higher educational institutions and in the formation of educational teams.

Association of Spinal Alignment Correction With Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adult Cervical Deformity: Review of the Literature.

ObjectiveAdult cervical deformity (ACD) is a debilitating spinal condition that causes significant pain, neurologic dysfunction, and functional impairment. Surgery is often performed to correct cervical alignment, but the optimal amount of correction required to improve patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are not yet well-defined. MethodsA review of the literature was performed and Fisher z-transformation (Zr) was used to pool the correlation coefficients between alignment parameters and PROs. The strength of correlation was defined according to the following: poor (0 <r ≤ 0.3), fair (0.3 < r ≤ 0.5), moderate (0.5 < r ≤ 0.8), and strong (0.8 < r ≤1). ResultsIncreased C2–7 sagittal vertical axis was fairly associated with increased Neck Disability Index (NDI) (pooled Zr=0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.03 to 0.58). Changes in T1 slope minus cervical lordosis poorly correlated with NDI (pooled Zr=-0.04; 95% CI, -0.23 to 0.30). Increased C7–S1 was poorly associated with worse EuroQoL 5-Dimension (pooled Zr=-0.22; 95% CI, -0.36 to -0.06). Correction of horizontal gaze did not correlate with legacy metrics. Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association correlated with C2-slope, C7–S1, and C2–S1. ConclusionSpinal alignment parameters variably correlated with improved health-related quality of life and myelopathy after corrective surgery for ACD. Further studies evaluating legacy PROs, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System, and ACD specific instruments are needed for further validation.

Fisher transformation based confidence intervals of correlations in fixed- and random-effects meta-analysis.

Meta-analyses of correlation coefficients are an important technique to integrate results from many cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs. Uncertainty in pooled estimates is typically assessed with the help of confidence intervals, which can double as hypothesis tests for two-sided hypotheses about the underlying correlation. A standard approach to construct confidence intervals for the main effect is the Hedges-Olkin-Vevea Fisher-z (HOVz) approach, which is based on the Fisher-z transformation. Results from previous studies (Field, 2005, Psychol. Meth., 10, 444; Hafdahl and Williams, 2009, Psychol. Meth., 14, 24), however, indicate that in random-effects models the performance of the HOVz confidence interval can be unsatisfactory. To this end, we propose improvements of the HOVz approach, which are based on enhanced variance estimators for the main effect estimate. In order to study the coverage of the new confidence intervals in both fixed- and random-effects meta-analysis models, we perform an extensive simulation study, comparing them to established approaches. Data were generated via a truncated normal and beta distribution model. The results show that our newly proposed confidence intervals based on a Knapp-Hartung-type variance estimator or robust heteroscedasticity consistent sandwich estimators in combination with the integral z-to-r transformation (Hafdahl, 2009, Br. J. Math. Stat. Psychol., 62, 233) provide more accurate coverage than existing approaches in most scenarios, especially in the more appropriate beta distribution simulation model.

PECULIARITIES OF THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF UKRAINIAN AND FOREIGN BRANDS

Ensuring sustainable competitive advantages is the main goal of the company in a chaotic and unpredictable change in the business environment. Sustainable and long-term competitive advantages are formed mainly on the basis of the new combinations or new ways of using intangible assets: they give impetus to the company's development and innovation in a rapidly transforming environment. One of such unique assets of the enterprise becomes a brand. The brand is the bearer of the value of the product in the consumer perception, and is often more attractive to the consumer than the actual consumer value of the product. Consumer perception of the brand is determined by a large number of factors, including personal and psychological factors that reflect the patterns of human consumer behavior and order its coexistence habits. The study of these aspects of consumer behavior is an extremely important task of marketing. The subject of the research is theoretical-methodical and practical aspects of peculiarities and factors of consumer perception of Ukrainian and foreign brands. The purpose of the article is to form a theoretical and methodological basis for determining and comparing the characteristics of the perception of domestic and foreign brands by Ukrainian consumers with different socio-demographic characteristics. In line with this goal, the research methodology is based on the use of expert survey methods to determine the characteristics of consumer perception of brands using Google Forms. The sample size is 169 people. Respondents were asked to rate 14 foreign and 11 Ukrainian most popular clothing brands according to selected parameters. To confirm the hypotheses formed in the study, the calculation of the Fisher's angular transformation criterion φ was used. According to the results of the study of features and factors of consumer perception of Ukrainian and foreign brands by Ukrainian consumers, the hypotheses about the greater commitment of Ukrainian consumers to foreign brands was confirmed (consumer perception of the ZARA brand exceeds the perception of the H&amp;M brand, consumer confidence in foreign brands exceeds the trust in Ukrainian brands). Fisher's angular transformation criterion is used to confirm the hypotheses.

Determining Subgroups of Significant Correlation in Analyzing Relation between NR2 Antibodies and Factor VIII in Acute Neurological Diseases

The paper considers a new method for finding correlations distorted by the influence of a third factor. In other words, the method is designed to search for effects consisted in the existence a significant correlation between two variables in a group of observations received from the main sample by removal of the observations with extremal values of a third factor. Testing for such effects should include both an assessment of the statistical significance of the correlation in the subgroup and the significance of the influence of the third factor. Potentially, this can be done using the previously developed method of valid conditional linear regularities (VCLR). The statistics used in the VCLR method is the maximum of the functional, which depends on the correlation coefficients in the subgroups identified using the threshold for the third factor and the sizes of these subgroups. The disadvantage of this method is that it cannot be used if the maximum of the functional corresponds to a threshold value that cuts off a small group. This drawback did not allow to adequately assess the significance of the effect associated with the existence of a significant negative correlation between the serum levels of antibodies to factor VIII and NR2 in the group of patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack after excluding patients with abnormally high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. An alternative method was proposed, which is based on a permutation test. At that the statistics of the test is a minimum p-value from those characterizing the correlation coefficients calculated using the normal approximation of the Fisher's z-transform corresponding to all possible threshold values for the third factor. The use of the new criterion made it possible to adequately assess the significance of the observed effect.

EXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF THE METHODOLOGY OF BUILDING PRE-SERVICE FOOD TECHNOLOGIST’S SPEECH PRODUCTION COMPETENCE

The article presents the results of experiment organized to test the effectiveness of the methodology for building pre-service food technologist’s speech production competence in the process of self-directed work. The present research is based on the using of the following methods: studying and analyzing scientific publication on methodological experiment, observing the process of training, conducting methodological experiment, interpreting the results of experiment with the help of the methods of mathematical statistic. The hypothesis, the object, the subject, the task of the experiment, experimental materials, the varied and non-varied values, the experimental phases (organization, realization and dates constatation), the experiment nature (base, natural, opened, vertical-horizontal) are outlined. According to the hypothesis of the experiment the building pre-service food technologist’s speech production competence will be more effective provided by the using of special selected authentical professional oriented video texts, realization of the studying on the base of the professional oriented exercises subsystem, selection of the more optimal variant of studying organization on the stage of preparation. The data of pre-experimental and post- experimental sections are analyzed using the coefficient of the training proposed by V. P. Bespalko. The results of the experimental training using the criterion the Fisher transformation are interpreted. The data of the pre-experimental test declared that students in both experimental groups had the identical low level of speech production competence. The data of the pre-experimental test declared the growth of speech production competence. According to the experiment data one of the methodology variants has been proven to have a higher effect. The experimental testing proves the effectiveness of the methodology for building pre-service food technologist’s speech production competence of future pre-service food technologists as well as the effectiveness of the developed subsystem of exercises.

Modelling of the Attitude-Achievement Paradox in TIMSS 2015 with respect to the Extreme Response Style Using Multidimensional Item Response Theory

This study aims to first investigate the effect of the extreme response style (ERS) which could lead to an attitude-achievement paradox among the countries participating in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS 2015), and then to determine the individual- and country-level relationships between attitude and achievement by adjusting the effect of ERS. For the sample of this correlational study, 500 students were randomly selected from each of the 15 countries that participated in TIMSS 2015. The differences in the ERS tendency of the countries were determined by performing MANOVA. To determine the effect of ERS, two different multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models were used: one did not include the ERS trait as a dimension while the other included this trait as a dimension. The results were analyzed with Latent GOLD 5.1 and WinBUGS software. To determine the relationship between attitudinal variables and achievement, the correlation values based on the observed scores and MIRT models were obtained. Whether there was any significant difference between these correlation values was determined by Fisher's rz transformation. The findings of this study were as follows: (a) the model in which the ERS trait was included as a dimension best fit the data and (b) the correlation values based on the observed scores were negative and those based on the MIRT models were positive, with the two statistically differing from each other. ERS is one of the factors causing the achievement-attitude paradox; however, it not sufficient to explain this paradox.

Modelling of the Attitude-Achievement Paradox in TIMSS 2015 with respect to the Extreme Response Style Using Multidimensional Item Response Theory

This study aims to first investigate the effect of the extreme response style (ERS) which could lead to an attitude-achievement paradox among the countries participating in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS 2015), and then to determine the individual- and country-level relationships between attitude and achievement by adjusting the effect of ERS. For the sample of this correlational study, 500 students were randomly selected from each of the 15 countries that participated in TIMSS 2015. The differences in the ERS tendency of the countries were determined by performing MANOVA. To determine the effect of ERS, two different multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models were used: one did not include the ERS trait as a dimension while the other included this trait as a dimension. The results were analyzed with Latent GOLD 5.1 and WinBUGS software. To determine the relationship between attitudinal variables and achievement, the correlation values based on the observed scores and MIRT models were obtained. Whether there was any significant difference between these correlation values was determined by Fisher's rz transformation. The findings of this study were as follows: (a) the model in which the ERS trait was included as a dimension best fit the data and (b) the correlation values based on the observed scores were negative and those based on the MIRT models were positive, with the two statistically differing from each other. ERS is one of the factors causing the achievement-attitude paradox; however, it not sufficient to explain this paradox.

Is methotrexate hepatotoxicity associated with cumulative dose? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in various medical specialties. However, hepatotoxicity is an ongoing concern and this is thought to be directly associated with cumulative dose. We sought to synthesise the published literature to evaluate the association between methotrexate hepatotoxicity and cumulative dose. A systematic review of Medline (PubMed) EMBASE, CINAHL and The Cochrane Library was performed. Full texts of articles were examined, and excluded articles were recorded with reasons for exclusion. A meta-analysis of correlation coefficients was performed using Fisher'sz-transformation and a random effects model. Cochran's Q-test and the I2 statistic were calculated to assess heterogeneity. A total of 35 studies met inclusion criteria. Measures of hepatotoxicity were highly varied and included liver biopsy, elastography, FibroTest, biochemical tests and scoring systems (Fib-4, APRI, AST:ALT). Some studies analysed for the association with MTX cumulative dose using more than one modality. Overall, 38 analyses found no significant association between MTX cumulative dose and hepatoxicity vs eight that identified a significant association. The pooled correlation coefficient from five studies which utilised elastography was 0.18 (95% CI, -0.09 to 0.42), with significant heterogeneity between studies (P<0.0001), I2 =92%). Our synthesis of a large volume of studies in this review found no significant association between MTX cumulative dose and hepatotoxicity, both in terms of vote counting and with regard to the meta-analysis of correlation coefficients from studies that utilised elastography. This challenges the long-held belief that liver injury is a direct result of drug accumulation.

Литокинетическая терапия после ДЛТ: возможности натуральных терпенов в комплексе с витамином Е

Introduction. Lithokinetic therapy after remote shock wave uretero lithotripsy (SWL) is an obligatory stage in the postoperative management of patients with urolithiasis. In the postoperative period, it is extremely important to correctly determine the required drug, its dosage and frequency of administration. According to clinical guidelines, it is customary to use standard schemes of lithokinetic therapy, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in combination with α-blockers. However, the effectiveness of this therapy does not always lead to success. In this regard, the use of herbal remedies is additionally recommended. One of the phytopreparations is the biologically active additive Renotinex, which is a combination of essential oil (anethole), 6 natural terpenes and an oil solution of vitamin E. Materials and methods. The study involved 100 patients with 4-10 mm ureteral stones after an SWL session. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: study and control, which included 50 patients each. The treatment was carried out for 28 days. Unlike patients in the control group, the patients of the main group, along with standard lithokinetic therapy (diclofenac, 1 suppository (50 mg) for pain, tamsulosin, 1 capsule (0.4 mg) in the morning), additionally received renotinex, 2 capsules 3 times a day. The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed 2 and 4 weeks after the start of therapy according to the data of ultrasound and X-ray research methods: by the presence of calculus its average size and the expansion of the pelvicellular system. As part of laboratory diagnostics, a general blood test was performed with an assessment of 3 parameters, such as: hemoglobin level, erythrocytes, leukocytes; general urine analysis with an assessment of 2 parameters (erythrocyturia and leukocyturia). For statistical analysis, Student's t test and Fisher's angular transformation method were used. Results. The efficacy of combination therapy with renotinex after SWL of ureteral stones was 24% higher than that of standard lithokinetic therapy with NSAIDs and alpha-blockers; the significance of differences was obtained only after 4 weeks of therapy. Сconclusions. The effectiveness of lithokinetic combination therapy in combination with renotinex after SWL of ureteral stones is higher than standard therapy, including NSAIDs and alpha-blockers.

Differences in calculated percentage improvement versus patient-reported percentage improvement in pain scores: a review of spinal cord stimulation trials

IntroductionSpinal cord stimulation is frequently used for the treatment of intractable chronic pain conditions. Trialing of the spinal cord stimulator device is recommended to assess the patient’s response to neurostimulation...

Correlation Analysis Between the Components of Energy Balance and Pollutant Emissions

In the paper, a correlation analysis is carried out between the components of the energy balance (types of energy resources, the transformation sector, and energy consuming industries) and pollutant emissions (CO2, SO2, NO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5) using the example of Ukraine. In general, 153 samples were formed and considered, characterizing the relationship between the components of the energy balance and pollutant emissions. Due to the relatively small sample sizes, the corrected assessment of the correlation coefficient $$ {\hat{r}}^{\prime } $$ was used as an informative parameter of the correlation analysis. The significance of the $$ {\hat{r}}^{\prime } $$ was tested using 2 hypotheses: (1) about the randomness of deviation from 0 using t-distribution with (n−2) degrees of freedom and significance level α = 0.05; (2) about the relationship between random variables with the limiting value rα. The confidence boundaries for the $$ {\hat{r}}^{\prime } $$ with a probability of P = 0.95 were calculated using the Fisher Z-transform. It is shown that 70% of the considered samples have a positive correlation relationship, and more than 24% have a negative correlation relationship. Coal and peat have the greatest impact on pollutant emissions (SO2, NO2, PM10) ( $$ {\hat{r}}^{\prime } $$ > 0.95). The smallest value was recorded between gas enterprises and PM10 emissions ( $$ {\hat{r}}^{\prime } $$ = −0.907).

Development of informational and research competence of postgraduate and doctoral students in conditions of digital transformation of science and education

Digital transformation of education and science puts forward new requirements for training of graduate and doctoral students, in particular for development of informational and analytical competence. It is described in international documents governing scientific field. Analysis of digital systems and consideration of their services allows us to say that their existing list and functionality can be used to develop informational and research competence of postgraduate and doctoral students. It is confirmed that important role in development of informational and research competencies of postgraduate and doctoral students is given to digital technologies, in particular, to digital open systems. Their use contributes to improving and expanding opportunities in research, presentation of research results and image of the researcher and institution. Digital society requirements to informational and research competence of postgraduate and doctoral students are defined and described. They include: readiness and ability to carry out research activities; ability to search and select necessary information and data, their transformation, storage and transmission using digital technologies; ability to critically evaluate found information (check their accuracy, timeliness, expediency); ability to perform scientific research (organization, planning, conducting) with use of digital technologies. Course of experimental work is presented; the obtained results are given and their interpretation is carried out. Fisher's angular transformation was applied in order to confirm reliability of obtained results of experimental study. Experimental verification of the proposed methodological system of using digital systems in postgraduate and doctoral students training, aimed at the development of information and research competence confirmed its effectiveness and pedagogical feasibility.

Is Ankle Plantar Flexor Strength Associated With Balance and Walking Speed in Healthy People? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between ankle plantar flexor muscle (PF) strength and balance and walking speed in healthy adults. Four databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception to December 2019. Studies with any design were included if the association between PF strength and balance and walking speed was investigated among healthy adults. Articles were screened for eligibility independently by 2 reviewers. Study characteristics and Pearson r values derived from the association between PF strength and balance and walking speed were extracted. Thirty-four studies were eligible. The main group of interest in the studies was older adults. Pearson r values were transformed to rz values using Fisher z-transformation. Meta-analysis of rz values was conducted and then back-transformed to r. In older adults, PF maximal isometric strength had a positive weak association with static balance (r=0.20; 95% CI=0.08-0.32), a positive moderate association with dynamic reactive balance (r=0.42; 95% CI=0.32-0.57) and proactive balance (r=0.55; 95% CI=0.18-1.06), and a positive weak association with preferred walking speed (r=0.29; 95% CI=0.19-0.41) and maximum walking speed (r=0.34; 95% CI=0.06-0.63). In younger adults, there was a moderate association between early-phase PF rate of torque development and reactive balance (0.42<r<0.52). PF strength appears to be moderately associated with dynamic reactive and proactive balance and weakly associated with static balance and walking speed. This finding highlights the potential role of PF strength in dynamic reactive and proactive balance. This meta-analysis showed that ankle PF strength might be important for challenging dynamic balance tasks.

Values, coping and well-being of parents with children with genetic diseases: narratives content analysis

The paper discusses one of topical problems, connected to a distress of a child being diagnosed with a genetic disease situation – parents’ coping with that. An attempt was made to determine what strategies and resources not only contribute to the parental coping with the situation of the child’s diagnosis, but also the subjective well-being of the parents? The authors present the results of narratives of native parents of children with Down syndrome (received from charity societies and open sources; n = 52). The emotional aspect of parents’ experience, their difficulties at the stage of recognising the diagnosis, coping strategies and resources involved in accepting process, and the parents` subjective well-being at the stages of recognising the diagnosis and the stage of the interview (after 1—12 years) are analysed. The Ronald Fisher's multifunctional angular transformation was used for analysing the differences. Mothers and fathers show no differences in the perception and assessment of difficulties at the stages of recognition of the diagnosis and the moment of the interview, but there are significant differences in the resources and strategies for coping with these difficulties. Features of difficulties at different stages, differences in the structure of resources and the intensity of coping strategies (especially among mothers) indicate the dynamics of experiencing the situation and adapting to it.

Perceived Effect of Knowledge Level and Socio-Demographics on COVID-19 Risk Exposure: the Africa Experience

COVID-19 remains a global public health emergency till date. It is eminent that the transmission of the disease is subjective to people’s readiness to implement public health preventative strategies and these are often related to knowledge. Proper public knowledge about COVID-19 plus its predisposing factors is critical to effectively manage the increasing public health risks. However, socio-demographics have been implicated to COVID-19 infection risk and management outcome. Thus, this present study examined the influence of knowledge on COVID-19 risk outcome, the contribution of socio-demographics on the risk of COVID-19 and predicted synergistic effects of knowledge and socio-demographics on the risk of COVID-19. All measured was strictly perception amongst African sampled with an online Google form as the primary data source. The Correlation designed used Zr Statistics of Fisher Transformation to determine the differences between the two correlation coefficients of the prediction variables after an initial test using Pearson Product Moment Correlation between COVID-19 risk and Knowledge plus socio-demographic. The hypothesis was tested using Statistical Package for Social Science version 21 and iStat at varying significant levels of 0.05 and 0.01 respectively. Generally, a significant relationship exists between COVID-19 risk and knowledge level but not with composite socio-demographics. However, specific significant relationship (p&lt;0.05) was noticed between COVID-19 risk and age (r=0.220) as well as marital status (r=-0.158). Educational level, location, and sex showed no correlation (p&gt;0.05) with COVID-19 exposure. Also, the proposition of no significant difference between correlation coefficients of socio-demographics and knowledge was proven otherwise (p&lt;0.05). The regression model (R2=0.420 and adjusted R2=0.404, df=2, 336, F-value=27.012. p=0.00) significantly predicted the synergic contributions of knowledge level and socio-demographics to COVID-19 exposure. 40.04% of the COVID-19 risk exposure can be explained by socio-demographics and knowledge about COVID-19. Synergic contribution of knowledge and socio-demographics proved risk prediction to COVID-19. Traditional factor like age should be decidedly considered and attention should be drawn towards good knowledge about COVID-19 especially its signs and symptoms plus transmission.

Relationship of cytokine profile indicators and changes in neuroenergy exchange in patients with vibration disease

The aim of the study was to assess changes in serum concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with vibration disease (VD). Methods. In total, 28 patients with VD associated with the combined effects of local and general vibration comprised the study group while 24 men were included in the reference group with no exposure to vibration in their professional activities. Serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IFN-y) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The severity of neuroenergy exchange was assessed using the neuroenergy mapping method based on measuring the levels of constant potential (DC-potential level). Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, Student test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's angular transformation method and Spearman's rank correlation. Results. The proportion of study participants with increased brain DC-potential level was greater (67.9 %) among patients with VD (p = 0.001). The concentration of IL-8 was 24.29 (14.42-65.16) pg / ml in the VD-group vs. 14.35 (6.24-19.14) pg / ml. in the comparison group. Concentration of IFN-y - was 21.38 (1.68-94.28) pg / ml. in the VD-group vs. 0.01 (0.01-0.28) pg / ml in the reference group. We observed significant correlations between the levels of IL-4, IL-8, TNF-γ and DC-potential (rs = 0.61; 0.55; 0.57, respectively) suggesting their role in disruption of the processes of neuroenergy exchange. Conclusions. More than two thirds of patients with VD have an increased DC-potential level and greater concentrations of IL-8 and TNF-y. Disrupted functioning of the mechanisms of cytokine regulation seems to be associated with neuuroenergy exchange and may activate neuroinflammatory processes.

Angiographic SYNTAX score reduction in de novo left main coronary stenosis patients over the last decade: implications for revascularization approach

Abstract Introduction Percutaneous management of left main (LM) coronary artery stenosis is an acceptable alternative to surgery in selected group of patients. Purpose To investigate potential angiographic trends in de novo LM coronary artery stenosis patients. Those may impact revascularization mode but remain undetermined. Methods Clinical records and all consecutive coronary angiograms in our Institution from 1st January 2010 to 31stDecember 2019 were evaluated to identify those with newly diagnosed angiography-significant (≥50% lumen diameter reduction) LM stenosis. Angiographic SYNTAX score (SS) assessment was performed by agreement of two experienced analysts (an angiographic core lab analyst and a Heart Team interventional cardiologist) on anonymized angiograms. Values of the overall SS, SS of the LM lesion and SS beyond LM were determined according to SS assessment methodology. Pearson's correlation and Fisher transformation were used to evaluate parametric variables. Spearman's rho was used to determine trends. Results Overall, out of 12315 coronary angiographies performed in de novo referrals in the last decade, 357 (2.90%) showed significant left main stenosis; the proportion varied from 2.30% to 3.48% annually. Patient mean age was 68.8 years (23.3% women). No temporal trends in patient age or gender occurred over the last decade while the overall SS deceased from a mean value of 35 to 28 (SC=−0.16, p=0.003). Further analysis showed a particular negative trend in the non-LM-SS (SC=−0.17, p=0.001) but not in the LM-SS (SC=0.04, p=0.47). No temporal trend was present is the prevalence of isolated LM stenosis (p=0.48) and no temporal trend in the LM stenosis angiographic severity (&amp;lt;70% vs. ≥70%; p=0.61), LM stenosis location (ostial/mid/bifurcation/entire left main; p=0.30) nor in the number of LM segments affected (SC=0.05, p=0.30). Reduction in the non-LM-SS was associated with a decrease in the number of coronary arteries with a significant angiographic atherosclerotic involvement (SC=−0.12, p=0.03) and in the number of coexisting total occlusions (SC=−0.25, p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion(s) (1) In patients with newly diagnosed LM critical stenosis overall angiographic SS showed a statistically significant negative trend over last decade, with a reduction from mean 35 (2010) to 28 points (2019); a finding that may be related to a change in the angiographic presentation of the disease or an earlier identification of LM stenosis patients over time. (2) The overall SS reduction was driven by a decrease in non-LM-SS. This, taken together with the overall SS reduction from above 32 to below 32, favours (as per current guidelines) the endovascular approach to left main revascularization. Our findings suggest an increase in the proportion of LM stenosis patients with angiography feasible to percutaneous intervention. SYNTAX score trends over the last decade Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

ОТНОШЕНИЕ МОЛОДЕЖИ И ЛИЦ ЗРЕЛОГО ВОЗРАСТА ЯКУТИИ К СТАРОСТИ И ГОТОВНОСТИ УХАЖИВАТЬ ЗА ПРЕСТАРЕЛЫМИ

Currently, the questions of how older people fit into the context of modern reality, to what extent their inherent life ideas are consistent with existing social norms are becoming relevant. The history of the development of attitudes towards the elderly, the position of old people is constantly changing. It is known that the life of old people largely depends on their social status in society. The article presents the results of studying the attitude of young people and people of mature age in Yakutia to old age and readiness to care for the elderly. The study involved representatives of young and mature age in the amount of 222, including 109 men, 113 women. 142 (64%) respondents live in cities, 80 (36%) - in rural areas. 68 (31%) of the respondents have higher education, the rest - secondary, 85.3% of the respondents are of mature age and 14.7% of young people live with their parents. The analysis of ethnographic works, folklore materials was used as research methods; survey method. The reliability of the difference in indicators was checked using the angular Fisher transformation. Analysis of the research results allows us to note that respondents treat elderly people with patience and care, however, young people tend to be indifferent to aging parents. The attitude towards the placement of parents in nursing homes is also noticeably different: young people are ready to place their parents in nursing homes if the circumstances are difficult. Comparison was also made of the opinions of representatives of different nationalities about their attitude to old age, and their willingness to care for elderly parents, it found that they also differ. Comparison of the research indicators showed that there is a high connection with the family among representatives of the small peoples of the north, they are also more re- sponsible for their parents, although in other nations, the readiness to care for the elderly is high among the Yakuts (p &lt;0.05). In the future, the study of attitudes towards old age will be relevant, since the aging of the population is observed throughout the world.

Prenosological screening of autonomic regulatory systems tension in secondary school students

Adolescence is characterized by increased reactivity to stress factors, among the sources of which the educational environment plays a significant role. The content of education and educational process organization, as well as interpersonal relationships, is the predominant stress factors of the educational environment. In the context of education reform, new pedagogical projects are being introduced, in particular, on the basis of meritocratic education, providing for the intensification of the educational process. It may affect the state of the autonomic regulatory systems of students. The purpose of the research is to study the activity level of autonomic regulatory systems among students of secondary school, who are studying in meritocratic and traditional gymnasium education systems. The study involved 60 students: 42 studied in meritocratic system (19 in SG-1, 23 in SG-2), and 18 in traditional system (SG-3). Heart rate variability (HRV) was used as a physiological marker of stress. ECG was recorded during 5 minutes in a darkened room in a rest state with closed eyes in a sitting position at the 5th, 6th and 7th grades. Intergroup comparisons of HRV parameters were carried out according to the Mann-Whitney, Kruskell-Wallis, Dunnett criteria, and the φ-criterion of the angular Fisher transformation. Differences were considered significant at р≤0.05. In the 6th grade, there was a tendency (0.05&lt;р≤0.07) to lower values of Mean, SDNN, TR, ΔX, RMSSD, pNN50 among students in meritocratic system compared to the traditional one. However, this trend reached the level of statistical significance in the students of SG-1 compared to the control (SG-3). In meritocratic education different student groups differed in the level of school stress in 6th and 7th grades. Students in SG-1, compared to SG-2, characterized by lower values % HF, HFn, pNN50 against the background of higher values of % LF, LFn, LF/HF, IC, CC1, CC0. Thus, a higher level of school-based stress in conditions of meritocratic education is determined not so much by the intensification of the educational process as by social factors of the educational environment and/or individual typological traits of students.