Fishbone Model Research Articles

Dynamic Characteristics Simulation and Analysis for the Stable Type Suspension Bridge

Under the background of a stable type suspension bridge (A suspension bridge with a inverse-tensional system), the effect of inverse-tensional system for suspension bridge is studied. Using finite element method, three-dimensional finite element model of stable type suspension bridge and a common suspension bridge is established by fish bone model consisting of beam elements respectively. The finite element characteristic equation of two bridges is solved with Block Lanczos method respectively. 20 order eigenpairs of two kind of suspension bridges are obtained. The inherent characteristics of the two type bridges are analyzed comparatively. The results showed that due to the effect of inverse-tensional structures, the overall stiffness of the stable suspension bridge is better than common suspension bridge obviously, which can effectively suppress the torsional vibration of the suspension bridge.

Knowledge management fishbone: a standard framework of organizational enablers

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to craft and test a framework for the link between knowledge management (KM) and performance in organizations, with a view of providing a deeper understanding of the different KM output levels or stages that this link goes through, as well as highlighting the organizational context of each level in that link.Design/methodology/approachA survey method was used to elicit opinions from 167 mid‐ and top‐level managers from the top 81 Bahraini businesses.FindingsThe study results produced a fishbone model. Its spine positioned knowledge management activities as the first output level, leading to innovation as the second, which in turn impacts the organization's level of agility, and finally links to performance as the head of that skeletal model.Research limitations/implicationsThe results highlight the different organizational enablers for these stages, which have been diagrammed as the ribs of the fish skeleton‐like model.Originality/valueThe framework may become a standard model, i.e. may work as a reference for academics and practitioners to help evaluate which KM level needs to be emphasized, at what time, and then what critical factors managers should work on, in order to maximize the organization's outcome from each stage of the model.

DNA Molecule as a Spintronic Device

In this work, we study the spin-dependent electron transport of a segment of DNA chain. We model the system by using the Fishbone model for DNA, which is characterized by a tight binding Hamiltonian. We predict that the spin-dependent transport can be observed in short DNA molecules coupled to metal contacts by applying an external magnetic field. A detailed analysis of spin-dependent current and spin polarization as a function of the bias voltages is carried out.

P03-233 - Neurobiological basis of alcohol related disruption of the error monitoring system

Following the discovery of the Error Related Negativity, ERN in the early 1990s, the field of event related brain potential research is gradually growing. The ERN in recent times has been related to the presence of a monitoring system in the basal ganglia. Ridderinkhof et al have showed that alcohol disrupts the error monitoring system. Although the way alcohol affects the error monitoring system is yet uncovered, Halroyd et al have noted that alcohol might either affect this system directly or indirectly by causing changes in the level of dopamine. This study reviews recent data that might explain the indirect effect of alcohol in the error monitoring system. The major findings in this study put into consideration some points stated in Ridderinkhof et al & Halroyd et al models, the fishbone model of blood-brain glucose metabolism. The magnitude of error commission is dependent on the mesencephalic dopamine system, anterior cingulate cortex activities, associated systems and the brain glucose concentration. This present literature analysis suggests that alcohol related disruption of the error monitoring system results from its metabolic effects on glucose metabolism, which in turn leads to changes in dopamine levels, subsequently affecting the activities of the anterior cingulate cortex, including associated systems.

P03-250 - Theory of glucose-dependent alcohol related functional system of error processing

We have recently showed that episodic moderate intake (1-2 times/month) of alcohol in insignificant doses at 23ml of pure ethanol after a week's interval leads to increase in error commission under intensive mental activities using complex and standard psychophysiological tasks. We also noted an error commission response effect of moderate alcohol use on blood glucose concentration. The theory of glucose dependent alcohol-related functional system of error processing explains the results of our latest findings. It incorporates the Holroyd et al model (Holroyd et al. Trends in Neurosci 2003; 26 (8): 402 -404) and the fishbone model of brain glucose metabolism, in which leptin is the main regulator. The major postulates of this theory are based on the following: neuronal functions depend on the blood-brain glucose proportionality value. Lowering the blood glucose level (e.g. inadequate energy reserve) leads to loss of nervous impulses, subsequently leading to decrease neuronal functions. Under these conditions, the response-monitoring system in the basal ganglia is activated. The error processing capacity under these conditions depends on the activities of the mesencephalic dopamine system and anterior cingulate cortex, as well as the blood-brain glucose level. The major concepts of the functional system of error processing unravel basic knowledge about the effects of drugs etc on the functions of the nervous system.

TWO- AND THREE-ALPHA SYSTEMS WITH NONLOCAL POTENTIAL

Two body data alone cannot determine the potential uniquely, one needs three-body data as well. A method is presented here which simultaneously fits local or nonlocal potentials to two-body and three-body observables. The interaction of composite particles, due to the Pauli effect and the indistinguishability of the constituent particles, is genuinely nonlocal. As an example, we use a Pauli-correct nonlocal fish-bone type optical model for the α – α potential and derive the fitting parameters such that it reproduces the two-α and three-α experimental data.

Metal–insulator transition in DNA molecules induced by long-range correlations in the sequence of nucleotides

Abstract We propose an analytical approach for calculation of the electron localization length in the DNA molecules. In the fishbone model the localization length is directly related to the binary correlation function of the sequence of nucleotides. Application of the proposed method to some known DNA sequences shows sharp maxima in the energy dependence of the localization length. These maxima can be considered as mobility edges. Existence of the mobility edge is rather rare event and it requires that the correlation function apart from an inverse power law decay, also oscillates as a function of the distance between the nucleotides. Although many DNA sequences exhibit slow decay of correlations, only very few of them possess the mobility edge. It is not clear yet what is the biological role of the mobility edge.

実大鋼構造ラーメンの繰り返し載荷挙動に対して弾塑性数値解析がもつ予測精度 : 実大3層鋼構造骨組を用いた耐震性能実証実験

This paper presents a study on the calibration of numerical inelastic analyses for the capacity of estimating the elastic stiffness and yield strength of multi-story steel moment frames and of tracing inelastic cyclic behavior of such frames. To this end, a set of test results obtained from a full-scale cyclic loading test applied to a three-story, two span by one span steel moment frame were used as the reference. Pushover analyses using nominal material strength were able to estimate the frame's elastic stiffness and yield strength very reasonably, with the degree of errors not greater than 5%. Analyses for cyclic loading to a drfit angle of 1/25 rad were also very accurate (with errors not greater than 4%) if appropriate values were adopted for strain hardening of individual columns, column-bases, panel-zones, and beams and for increase of strength by floor composite action. The fish-bone (generic frame) model traced the experimental behavior nearly as accurately as the original frame model.

Evaluation of predictors of non‐linear seismic demands using ‘fishbone’ models of SMRF buildings

AbstractPredictors (or estimates) of seismic structural demands that are less computationally time‐consuming than non‐linear dynamic analysis can be useful for structural performance assessment and for design. In this paper, we evaluate the bias and precision of predictors that make use of, at most, (i) elastic modal vibration properties of the given structure, (ii) the results of a non‐linear static pushover analysis of the structure, and (iii) elastic and inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom time‐history analyses for the specified ground motion record. The main predictor of interest is an extension of first‐mode elastic spectral acceleration that additionally takes into account both the second‐mode contribution to (elastic) structural response and the effects of inelasticity. This predictor is evaluated with respect to non‐linear dynamic analysis results for ‘fishbone’ models of steel moment‐resisting frame (SMRF) buildings. The relatively small number of degrees of freedom for each fishbone model allows us to consider several short‐to‐long period buildings and numerous near‐ and far‐field earthquake ground motions of interest in both Japan and the U.S. Before doing so, though, we verify that estimates of the bias and precision of the predictor obtained using fishbone models are effectively equivalent to those based on typical ‘full‐frame’ models of the same buildings. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Pion-20Ne scattering — An example for the superposition of effective interactions

We have calculated theπ− —20Ne elastic scattering cross sections within a cluster description of20Ne. Our results confirm the observations made previously [10] that the 3-body force can be neglected in the¯M-version of the fish bone model thus justifying the direct superposition of effective interactions inπ-nucleus scattering. Unfortunately, no experimental data exist forπ —20 Ne which could be used for comparison. Our calculation also shows that the comparison with accurate experimental data requires the inclusion of the coupling of rotational states in the theoretical potential which contribute about 10% of the nonelastic cross section. Interesting quantities to be measured are inelastic cross sections for transitions to rotational states which are very sensitive to the off-shell behaviour of the wave functions. More sophisticated computations of the inelastic cross sections for these reactions are in progress.

Test of effective cluster interactions by pion scattering

The superposition of effective interactions is studied by a cluster approach to the pion-nucleus potential with particular emphasis on the treatment of the Pauli principle between the clusters. The model is based on the formalism of Kerman, McManus, and Thaler and constructs the pion-nucleus interaction by a superposition procedure of pion-cluster interactions in the framework of the fish-bone model. The second-order contribution due to excitations of the relative motion between the clusters has been taken into account as well as true absorption. A test calculation ofΠ +_20 scattering with the cluster approach reproduces the gross structure of the differential elastic cross section and the total non-elastic cross section of conventional calculations quite well. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the three-body Pauli interaction is negligible also in the case of a realistic and rather complicated pion-nucleus interaction thus justifying the usual folding approach. The rotational bands contribute about 10% to the cross sections.

Microscopic approach to the alpha-particle-nucleus optical potential.

A microscopic model for the alpha-particle-nucleus optical potential is presented and applied to \ensuremath{\alpha}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{40}$Ca scattering. Starting with the M3Y force as the basic nucleon-nucleon interaction, the single-channel contribution to the optical potential is calculated by means of the fish-bone model which treats the antisymmetrization between the projectile and the target nucleus in an approximate way. The applicability of the fish-bone model to the \ensuremath{\alpha}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{40}$Ca system is tested by comparison of resonating group calculations with fish-bone model calculations. The potential terms arising from the coupling of the elastic channel to other reaction channels have been calculated in the framework of the nuclear structure approach using random-phase approximation transition densities for intermediate excited states. The elastic scattering cross sections calculated from the microscopic potentials reproduce gross structures of the experimental data. However, the model cannot account for the whole absorption.

The two- and three-cluster fish bone model with saturation

The two- and three-cluster fish bone optical model with hard core correlations is derived from the corresponding resonating group model. The nuclear saturation effect is represented by three different features of inter-cluster interactions:i) by the non-local exchange potential,ii) by a reduced attraction in the region of overlapping clusters,iii) by an effective three-cluster potential. Comparability of the microscopic theory with phenomenological models is established by two off-shell transformations which orthogonalize function bases and avoid appearance of artificial three-body forces.

Effect of exchange on nucleus-nucleus interactions

Based on the resonating group method theory, the potential between nuclei is evaluated by a new expansion, an orthonormalized particle-exchange-basis expansion. The present result is compared with the results of folding models, the fish-bone model, the usual particle-exchange expansions and the exact treatment in an α+α system. A simplified model is presented and discussed in the α+α, α+ 16O, α+ 40Ca, 16O+ 16O and 16O+ 40Ca systems.

Derivation of Pauli-corrected effective intercluster interactions

In this paper we propose a microscopic method of calculating Pauli-corrected intercluster interactions. The method is based on a microscopic Hamiltonian which contains the influence of the Pauli principle and from which the corresponding intercluster potentials are derived. This method overcomes the difficulties of the inclusion of the Pauli principle in systems of more than two clusters which occur in the resonating group method, orthogonality condition model, projection method, and the fish bone model. Moreover, it allows the investigation of the influence of the microscopic parameters in different systems and the examination of the on- and off-shell behavior of the intercluster forces in a consistent way.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Composite particle interaction, $N$-cluster theory, nuclear fragments, scattering theory.

Extension of the Two-Cluster Fish Bone Model to Realistic Cluster Ground States

Extension of the Two-Cluster Fish Bone Model to Realistic Cluster Ground States