Fish Production Research Articles

Multi-class, multi-residue analysis of pesticide residues in fishery products using LC and GC-MS/MS

Pesticide residues in agricultural products and the environment have been studied extensively over the years. Through the excessive or illegal use of pesticides, residues enter the surrounding environment and are absorbed by animals. Livestock and fishery products are subject to pesticide residue regulation, which includes the establishment of maximum residue limits. However, currently, fishery products are regulated only for ethoxyquin, neglecting the potential for bioaccumulation. This study aims to develop a method for the multi-class, multi-residue analysis of pesticide residues in fishery products—flatfish, eel, shrimp, and Manila clam—based on the QuEChERS method. A total of 327 compounds, including 263 pesticides and their metabolites, were identified using liquid chromatography and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The method can quantify 263 pesticide residues in flatfish, 265 in eel, 264 in shrimp, and 263 in Manila clam, respectively. Additionally, the method can be applied to quantify 244 pesticide residues in seaweed. The method proves effective and useful for monitoring both food safety and environmental contamination.

Strategy to Increase Shredded Patin Fish Production in the Mina Family Fish Farming Group Kandis District, Siak

Strategy to Increase Shredded Patin Fish Production in the Mina Family Fish Farming Group Kandis District, Siak

Small-scale fisherfolk organizations: Do current conditions facilitate their effective contribution to the value chain?

Small-scale fishing organizations in Colombia face significant barriers in accessing fair markets for their fish products. This reality has led to the development of various support and promotion programs, which have not prospered as sustainable strategies. The aim of this work was to analyze the predominant strengths and weaknesses within fisherfolk organizations, assessing their capacity to be part of a more equitable value chain. The Diagnosis of the Small-scale Fisherfolk Organizations tool (DOPA, for its Spanish acronym) was developed, integrating five components and including 22 indicators. This tool assesses organizations considering five components: i) organizational capacity, ii) social capital and welfare, iii) risks, iv) fishing activity information, and v) commercialization. The obstacles identified within the context of small-scale fishing in a value chain are directly linked with their social fabric, the policy and legislation of development programs, and the lack of understanding of fishing activity as an economic sector. These barriers have impacts on the well-being of fisherfolk as well as on the management of fishing resources.

Fish resilience as an ethical issue.

Fish resilience can be understood as the capacity of fish to successfully respond to a challenge so that they are able to function and flourish in much the same way as they did prior to the occurrence of the challenge. Resilience is a function not only of individual fish, but also of a whole fish population. Enhancing the resilience of fish requires both adapting the robustness of the animals and adapting the (production) environment to the specific needs of the fish. Rather than a mere biological capacity of fish, resilience also comes with ethical questions. These questions occur at four levels. First, in practice resilience often comes with a "rhetoric" of optimalization. The view that aquaculture that strives for resilient fish is good for both fish welfare and production is inherently normative. It assumes a 'win-win situation', but thereby makes certain normative assumptions. Second, especially when the win-win situation is not achievable, resilience means making trade-offs between preferred responses to challenges from the perspective of individual animals and groups or between individual housing and larger aquaculture systems. Third, the discussions on resilience and fish demonstrate the need to move beyond an animal welfare framework when discussing the treatment of fish in aquaculture. Recently, animal ethics has seen a turn towards centering animals' own agency. This means that we should not only focus on improving animal welfare, but also on asking what the animals themselves want and how they can be given more control over their situation. This may also impact the definition of resilience and how it is made operational. Finally, the use of the concept of resilience may reveal a certain moral outlook with regard to fish. On the one hand, resilience is portrayed as a positive characteristic of animals that enables improvement of the quality of life of fish. At the same time, it raises the question of how far we should stretch the "manufacturability" of fish. When we physically adapt animals so that they can cope with difficult circumstances we may be stretching moral boundaries. For example, this raises the objection that we are instrumentalizing animals. In this article, we reflect on these types of ethical issues and aim to show that the ethical dimensions of resilience need to be taken into account by professionals in aquaculture in order to make resilience operational and to contribute to a responsible interaction with fish in aquaculture.

Ultrasound-Based Phenotyping for Genetic Selection of Carcass Traits in Oreochromis niloticus: Integrating Imaging Technology Into Aquaculture Breeding.

Recent years have witnessed a remarkable global surge in fish production, with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) emerging as a prominent contributor owing to its high demand as a nutritious food source. However, unlike terrestrial species, maintaining genealogical control and collecting phenotypic data in fish farming poses significant challenges, necessitating advancements to support genetic improvement programmes. While conventional methods, such as body measurements using rulers and photographs are prevalent in data collection, the potential of ultrasound-a less invasive and efficient tool for fish measurement-remains underexplored. This study assesses the viability of ultrasonography for genetically selecting carcass characteristics in Nile tilapia. The investigation encompasses data from 897 animals representing 53 full-sib tilapia families maintained in the genetic improvement programme at the Federal University of Lavras. To measure carcass traits, the animals were sedated with benzocaine and ultrasound images were obtained at three distinct points. Subsequently, the animals were euthanised through medullary sectioning for further carcass processing. After evisceration, filleting and skinning, all weights were meticulously recorded. (Co)variance components and genetic parameters of the measured traits were estimated using the Bayesian approach by Gibbs sampling implemented in MTGSAM (Multiple Trait Gibbs Sampling in Animal Models) software. Heritabilities estimated for the studied carcass traits were moderate, ranging from 0.23 to 0.33. Notably, phenotypes derived from ultrasound images demonstrated substantial genetic correlations with fillet yield (0.83-0.92). In conclusion, this study confirms that indirect selection based on ultrasound images is effective and holds promise for integration into tilapia breeding programmes aimed at enhancing carcass yield.

Enhancing the sustainability of cowpea production through the integrated use of fish effluents and animal manure

AbstractThe integration of aquaculture and agriculture in arid and semi‐arid environments is crucial for maximizing water and land productivity, especially considering the increasing global water scarcity and the simultaneous use of water for crop and fish production. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effects of fish effluent on the growth, yield parameters, and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The experiment involved 13 fertilization treatments, including three types of irrigation water (river water—control, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), African sharp‐toothed catfish (Clarias gariepinus), four fertilizers (poultry, cattle, and sheep manures at 10 t ha−1), recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer (150 kg ha−1 of NPK 6‐20‐10), and six mixed treatments with fish effluent and 50% of the applied rate of manure alone (5 t ha−1). The combined use of C. gariepinus effluent + 50% poultry manure significantly increased stem diameter, nodules per plant, pods per plant, and seed yield compared to NPK treatments. The shortest days to reach 50% flowering were obtained with the effluent of O. niloticus + 50% sheep manure, C. gariepinus/O. niloticus + 50% poultry manure, and 10 t ha−1 poultry manure. However, fertilization treatments did not significantly influence the number of branches, pod and root length, number of pods per plant, 100‐seed weight, and leaf chlorophyll concentrations. This study suggests that fish effluents, when combined with manure, can improve plant growth and seed yield, providing a cost‐effective alternative to inorganic fertilizers for smallholder farmers.

Analisis Dinamik Model Predator-Prey dengan Efek Pemanenan Pada Populasi Ikan Nike (Awaous Melanocephalus) di Provinsi Gorontalo

Gorontalo Province is one of the areas directly adjacent to Tomini Bay, which is known for its rich natural resources, especially in the fisheries sector such as Nike fish (Awaous melanocephalus). Nike fish is the main food commodity for people in the Gorontalo region. However, intensive fishing activities can pose an extinction threat to this species. This study aims to understand the dynamics of the Nike fish population using a predator-prey model that integrates the effects of harvesting on the prey population. The research process includes formulation of assumptions, model building, model validation, and data analysis through mathematical analysis and numerical simulation. The analysis showed that the model has four equilibrium points, each with different stability conditions. Numerical simulations showed that an increase in harvesting rate and natural mortality of prey, as well as a decrease in birth rate, could threaten the viability of the Nike fish population. Thus, appropriate management efforts are needed to maintain ecosystem balance and the sustainability of the Nike fish population. The calculation results show that the Nike fish production threshold in Gorontalo Province is 8.470.858 kg per year. However, the amount of Nike fish production in Gorontalo Province in 2023 only reached 56,75% of the threshold. This indicates that the production of Nike fish in Gorontalo can still be increased as long as the harvest limit is observed to prevent extinction.

A review of the global use of fishmeal and fish oil and the Fish In:Fish Out metric.

Aquacultured carnivorous species consume most of the world's fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO), which itself is primarily derived from small pelagic fish. This has raised concerns about the practice's impact on wild fish stocks, ecosystems, and coastal communities that rely on these fish. The aquaculture industry claims a decreasing dependence on wild fish, relying on the Fish In:Fish Out (FIFO) metric as a ratio of the quantity of wild fish required for farmed fish production. This is misleading because it usually assumes constant FM or FO yields, inclusion rates and feed conversion ratios, which vary widely. Thus, a constant FIFO value for a given species cannot be assumed. Furthermore, low FIFO values resulting from averaging carnivores and herbivores conceal the high feed requirements of carnivore species. The increasing use of FMFO from by-products does not demonstrate a decreased use of wild fish but rather reflects a growing demand for FMFO, particularly for the fast growing and valuable salmon and shrimp farming industries.

Effect of Effluents Produced from Palm oil Processing Industries on Fish Production around Bugala Island, Kalangala District, Uganda

Effect of Effluents Produced from Palm oil Processing Industries on Fish Production around Bugala Island, Kalangala District, Uganda

Nutrient flows in biofloc-Nile tilapia culture: A semi-physical modelling approach

Biofloc culture systems potentially reduce the nutrient losses in aquaculture. However, knowledge of the nutrient flows in the system is not yet well-developed. This study deployed experimental data to develop a semi-physical model to understand the dynamics and flows of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in a biofloc-Nile tilapia-rearing system. The model involved eight process variables, which are pelleted feed A, C, N, P, fish, biofloc, periphyton, and water volume. Model calibration and validation were done under a Control-diet and High-NSP-diet, respectively. The diets differed by the type of starch in which the latter contains three times higher fibrous starch, called non-starch polysaccharides, than the former. Except for biofloc, the behaviour of the process variables fit the observations with a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 30% of the corresponding average observations. The biofloc biomass was predicted using exponential growth model and results in a RMSE of 49% and 56% for the Control and High-NSP-diet, respectively. Scenario analyses, using the validated model, showed that the biofloc system generates less waste when the stocking density is doubled, which means double fish production and less nutrient losses. In terms of different diets, the high-NSP-diet resulted in more organic waste than the Control-diet. However, the amount of loss and unutilised C and P were similar which was mainly caused by the ability of biofloc and periphyton to assimilate more waste, especially C, in the High-NSP-diet.

Viability and Profitability of Cage Fish Farming on Lake Victoria: A Case of Bugiri-Kiwuulwe Cage Fish Farms in Wakiso District, Uganda

Fisheries and aquaculture have crucial contributions to world’s wellbeing and prosperity. Among aquaculture practices, cage fish farming ranks highest in fish production. This study was set out to assess viability and profitability of cage fish farming on Lake Victoria, a case of Bugiri-Kiwuulwe cage fish farms in Katabi Town Council, Wakiso District, Uganda. The study sought to assess water quality physico-chemical parameters within and around fish cages, investigates costs of materials used in fish cage fabrications and production, and to find profitability of cage fish farm units. A case study design with quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed to obtain data for the stated objectives. A total of 66 respondents from a target population of 79 study participants were used to generate data, which were entered into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Both male and females, including a few youths participated in the study. Their education levels ranged from primary to university. Majority were single, while others were married and a few were widows and widowers. Most of the water parameters tested were in the recommended ranges by WHO and supported aquatic life, hence promoted cage fish farming apart from total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, calcium, chemical oxygen demand and potassium which were slightly below the recommended ranges. Majority of the farmers had participated in the business for less than 5 years and the activity brought profits to the farmers an equivalent of UGX 8,943,200 ($ 2,354) to the farmers per season, an indicator that the business venture is very profitable and viable. Hence, it can easily be adopted by members of the community for improvement of their livelihoods. It is recommended that more research be undertaken such that there is formulation of the fish feeds at the local level aimed at the reduction of the higher costs incurred on the imported fish feeds. The government is also encouraged to subsidize on the taxes imposed on implements used in cage fish farming for encouraging more and more farmers to join in the business venture.

Drying out fish ponds, for an entire growth season, as an agroecological practice: maintaining primary producers for fish production and biodiversity conservation.

Agroecology largely focusses on terrestrial agroecosystems, but it can also be applied to fish farming. Indeed, ponds are typically used for fish production in Europe, but are also important reservoirs of biodiversity. Numerous studies demonstrate that both fish production and biodiversity are strongly determined by human management. One key practice in extensive fish farming, although more rare in Europe, is to dry out ponds. They are left dry for a complete year after several years of fish production. However, the extent to which this practice affects the functioning of the ecosystem, its biodiversity and fish production remain unclear. We investigated data from 85 fish ponds in the Dombes region, France, sampled between 2007 and 2014. We related variation in key abiotic characteristics to the time since last dry out. The dataset included organic matter content in pond sediments and concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in the water column, and biotic components such as macrophytes cover and richness, phytoplankton concentration and richness, macroinvertebrates density, and fish yield. Our results show that drying out facilitates the mineralization of organic matter in sediments and results in higher concentrations of inorganic nitrogen in the water column. Macrophytes cover is highest during the first year after drying out, and gradually declines after at the expense of increasing phytoplankton concentration. The diversity of both is highest in the first year after drying out and declines rapidly, especially for macrophytes. Fish yield is at its maximum in the second year. Drying out fish ponds appears to be an important agroecological practice in extensive fish farming with an application every three to four years. By nutrient recycling, this practice has a positive impact on the balance between primary producers and indirectly on the whole food web during two years. It optimizes fish production and allows biodiversity conservation.

Исследование факторов, определяющих динамику и качество прогнозирования потребительских цен на рыбную продукцию

Using information of the Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Primorsky Territory (Primorskstat), the dynamics of consumer price indices for fishery products in the country as a whole, the Far Eastern Federal District and the Primorsky Territory for 2002-2023, and the dynamics of prices by type of fish products in the Primorsky Territory for 2013-2023 were studied. It is concluded that the cost of fishery products has been steadily increasing throughout the analyzed period, and ahead of the inflation rate. The most intensive increase in the cost of processed fish, cut, more valuable in terms of nutritional characteristics. To determine the reasons for the constant growth, a correlation and regression analysis of the consumer price index for fishery products with other related indicators was carried out. Multicollinear factors were identified and excluded (consumer price index for food, per capita cash income of the population, fish consumption in the Primorsky Territory, industrial production index for the type of activity “Fishing and fish farming”). According to the criteria used in functional analysis, the multiple regression equation compiled using the remaining factors (inflation level and producer price index for fish products) was found to be untenable. As a result of excluding the factor “inflation level”, which had a less close connection with the performance indicator, a pair correlation model was obtained that describes the dependence of the consumer price index on the producer price index of fish products. The synthesized model is recognized as practically significant, and therefore can be used to obtain quantitative estimates of the consumer price index for fish products when forecasting.

Summary of legal regulation of additional mandatory particulars for specific types or categories of foods according to the regulation FIC

The paper presents a summary of the legal treatment of additional mandatory particulars for specific types or categories of foods under Regulation (EU) 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004. The authors of the paper analyse and interpret the relevant legislation using traditional methods of legal analysis and legal-hermeneutical methods, with an emphasis on the linguistic and systematic interpretation of those provisions that are directly related to the indication of additional mandatory particulars for foods packaged in certain gases, foods containing sweeteners, foods containing glycyrrhizinic acid or its ammonium salt, Beverages with high caffeine content or foods with added caffeine, Foods with added phytosterols, phytosterol esters, phytostanols or phytostanol esters, and frozen meat, frozen meat preparations and frozen unprocessed fishery products. The paper's authors aim to provide the reader with a comprehensive summary of the legislation on the indication of additional mandatory particulars for specific types or categories of food.

The Creation of Value-added on Wood Carving Handicraft in Luang Prabang city, Luang Prabang Province

The study aims to investigate: the purchasing behavior of customers in Luang Prabang district and province, the perspectives of entrepreneurs and consumers who purchase goods to enhance the value of wood carving craft products in Luang Prabang district and province and Adding value to wood carving craft items that influences customers' decisions to buy in Luang Prabang district and province. employing interviews as a method to gather information from 3 merchants of wood carving craft products and 385 respondents' questionnaires. The frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, and multiple regression equation. The study's findings revealed: Customer behavior in choosing to buy wood carving craft products as a gift or souvenir, ordering them from the store, and recognizing that information from online advertising media influences his decision to buy. Products that the customer may choose from include wood carving handicrafts for other people's daily lives, low-image elephant products, fish and gold fish products, high-image elephant products, and horse products. The product has the same features as before, but price is a deciding factor when making a purchase, so there's no need to mark the product with a purchase value of between 500,001 and 1,000,000 kip and require a cash payment. Entrepreneurs' thoughts on adding value to handcrafted wood-carving goods. Three Entrepreneurs believe that adding value to wood carving craft goods is important in six areas: designing the product, using wood as a raw material, branding, design, service, and production. Customers' perceptions of the entrepreneur's ability to create added value across six dimensions are influenced in part by the following factors: product quality; service quality; design and production; and modeling. Three factors creating additional value in terms of products, design, and production were involved in the manufacture of wood carving craft products that influence customers' purchase decisions.

Development of technology and recipes for caviar fish products with collagen-containing additive

Development of technology and recipes for caviar fish products with collagen-containing additive

Simple fuzzy classification of metal qualities of Ona River, Ibadan, Nigeria, and its implication for fish production and other uses

Elevated concentrations of metals in rivers can pose significant risks to human health. Consequently, it is essential to monitor metal levels in river water to minimize human exposure, particularly through consumption of harvested fish and other uses. This study examined the water quality of the Ona River in Ibadan, Nigeria. Seven potentially toxic elements (PTEs), namely Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and four macronutrients: Mg, Na, K, Ca were investigated. Surface and pore water samples were collected from six sampling points during the peak of the dry and the rainy seasons. These were analyzed according to standard procedures and processed using the Simple Fuzzy Classification (SFC) model with four classes. The results revealed that the PTEs: Fe, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Mn were detected above guideline limits in several sampling points, indicating possible contamination from anthropogenic sources. Simple fuzzy classification puts the quality of water in the investigated portion of the river in the range of 67.4–88.5% in the C1 (pristine) category during the dry season and 61.9–88.6% in C1 (pristine) during rainy season. However, there were membership functions of up to 58.7 and 63.2; 61.2 and 75.4 as well as 44.3 and 43.5% in C2, C3, and C4 categories (contaminated, polluted and extremely polluted, respectively) during the first and second sampling, respectively. Due to the high concentrations of toxic and bioaccumulative metals in the river, efforts should be made to control the discharge of pollutants into the river. These will prevent human health exposure risks tendencies for various uses, including fish production.

Hybrid Swin-CSRNet: A Novel and Efficient Fish Counting Network in Aquaculture

Real-time estimation of fish biomass plays a crucial role in real-world fishery production, as it helps formulate feeding strategies and other management decisions. In this paper, a dense fish counting network called Swin-CSRNet is proposed. Specifically, the VGG16 layer in the front-end is replaced with the Swin transformer to extract image features more efficiently. Additionally, a squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module is introduced to enhance feature representation by dynamically adjusting the importance of each channel through “squeeze” and “excitation”, making the extracted features more focused and effective. Finally, a multi-scale fusion (MSF) module is added after the back-end to fully utilize the multi-scale feature information, enhancing the model’s ability to capture multi-scale details. The experiment demonstrates that Swin-CSRNet achieved excellent results with MAE, RMSE, and MAPE and a correlation coefficient R2 of 11.22, 15.32, 5.18%, and 0.954, respectively. Meanwhile, compared to the original network, the parameter size and computational complexity of Swin-CSRNet were reduced by 70.17% and 79.05%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method not only counts the number of fish with higher speed and accuracy but also contributes to advancing the automation of aquaculture.

Impact of Average Atmospheric Temperature on Rainbow Trout Production in South Africa: A Time Series Analysis Approach

Climate change has various effects on the global food supply and the environment as a whole. Similarly, the production of fish like Rainbow Trout is affected by variation in the atmospheric temperature higher than 21oC, leading to fluctuations in yield. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the impact of average atmospheric temperature on Rainbow Trout production in South Africa using time series data spanning from 2000 to 2022. The unit root test, Johannsen cointegration test, and the Vector Error Correction model were employed to analyse the data. The results show that the change in average atmospheric temperature affects the production of Rainbow Trout. The correlation between average temperature and Rainbow Trout production is positive in the short-run and long-run. I Prolonged exposure to high temperature may lead to fish stress, migration and increased susceptibility to diseases which ultimately affects the economic viability of the sector in both the short-run and the long-run. In addition, the overall change in the atmospheric temperature has a negative effect on the production of the fish highlighting the need for climate change intervention to sustain fish production. The study recommends implementing strategies that reduce the impact of temperature changes on fish production to support both economic growth and food security.

Pelatihan Digital Marketing Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Siswa untuk Berwirausaha Pada Sekolah-Sekolah di Kawasan Pantura (Lamongan-Gresik)

Generation Z or students' interaction with the internet world is very active; since they were little, they have lived and been used to playing with gadgets. On average, students can access 7-10 hours/day. Activities can have positive value if the interaction is directed at positive activities. On the other hand, if it is not directed, the tendency is negative. Glagah District is rich in aquaculture products, capture fisheries, and even processing of fishery products. However, this potential has yet to be optimized as a business opportunity. Few people still sell fishery products online despite the significant business opportunities and broad market access. Its existence is essential to run; the business will remain in place without it—students with all their potential need to be directed to take advantage of these business opportunities. Through internal community empowerment activities at the Muhammadiyah University of Gresik, students will be given meaningful stimulus and education to be empowered when they graduate. This activity is carried out using lecture and practice methods. The result is that students grow in their entrepreneurial spirit, understand the region's potential, understand the characteristics of online buying and selling, and can brand various fishery products online.