Fish Channa Research Articles

First Report of Three Metazoan Gut Parasites of Live Fishes from West Bengal, India

Three parasitic gut worms, one cestode and two acanthocephalan species, have been recorded from two fresh water live fishes (Channa punctatus and Channa striatus) of Channidae family from West Bengal, India for the first time. These parasites were revealed from new host species which were hitherto not reported till now. The cestode is Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Family Bothriocephalidae) and the acanthocephalans are Pallisentis ophiocephali (family Quadrogyridae) and Neoechinorhynchus sootai (family Neoechinorhynchidae). In this communication, the morphological studies of prevailing cestode and two acanthocephalan species were also incorporated.

The Effectiveness Test of Oil Phase Ointment Containing Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) Extract on Open Stage II Acute Wounded Wistar Strain Male Rats

The snakehead (Channa striata) contained fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are useful as nutrients in accelerating the wound healing process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the oil phase extract ointment snakehead in the healing of acute wounds open stage II. Testing the effectiveness of wound healing using 6 groups: normal, gel bioplacenton (positive control), ointment base (negative control), ointments snakehead extract oil phase concentration of 10; 20 and 40% of the 4 rats with acute wounds open stage II and observation until day 16 injury. The area of the wound was measured with the image J program Macbiophotonic, calculated% healing power, and AUC values. A statistical test to the total AUC values per rat with SPSS for Windows 22.0 program using One Way ANOVA and Post-hoc LSD test. The results showed a significant difference in the negative group with ointment concentration of 20% (p <0.05). The treatment group phase ointment fish oil extract is effective for wound healing is best to have a concentration of 20% for percentage of wound healing power of 97.157% and the average AUC value of 865.683% of the day.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Highly Virulent Aeromonas schubertii Strain WL1483, Isolated from Diseased Snakehead Fish (Channa argus) in China.

We sequenced the complete genome of the highly virulent Aeromonas schubertii strain WL1483, which was isolated from diseased snakehead fish (Channa argus) in China. The full genome sequence of A. schubertii WL1483 is 4,400,034 bp, which encodes 4,376 proteins and contains 195 predicted RNA genes.

Osmoregulatory adaptations of freshwater air-breathing snakehead fish (Channa striata) after exposure to brackish water.

NaCl-rich rock salt dissolved in natural water source leads to salinity fluctuation that profoundly affects freshwater ecosystem and aquatic fauna. The snakehead (Channa striata) can live in saline water, but the osmoregulatory mechanisms underlying this ability remain unclear. Herein, we found that exposure to salinities ≥ 10‰ NaCl markedly elevated plasma cortisol and glucose levels, and caused muscle dehydration. In a study of time-dependent response after being transferred from fresh water (0‰ NaCl, FW) to salt-dissolved brackish water (10‰ NaCl, SW), FW-SW, cortisol increased rapidly along with elevations of plasma glucose and lactate. Interestingly, plasma cortisol returned to baseline after prolonged exposure, followed by a second peak that probably enhanced the branchial Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity. Under SW-FW condition, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity was not altered as compared to SW-adapted fish. In conclusion, salinity change, especially FW-SW, induced a stress response and hence cortisol release in C. striata, which might increase plasma glucose and lactate to energize the branchial Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase.

Identification of Parasites in Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) in Meunasah Manyang Village Lhoknga Subdistrict Aceh Besar

The study aimed at identifying the types of parasites that infect snakehead (C. striata) fish as well as to determine the prevalence of the parasite species. A total of 51 snakehead fish was captured using nets and traps then examined at Parasitology Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine Faculty Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh. Ectoparasites inspection was done by observation of the outer body organs as well as by making the mucus smear examined under a microscope, while endoparasites inspection was done by observation on the surface of the digestive tract and heart, and also thin and thick boold smear. The study revealed that two types of parasites that infect snakehead fish in irrigation Cot Balee were Pallisentis nagpurensis and Trichodina spp. It also found larvae obtained from the intestinal villi scrapings that have not been identified. A total of 96% snakehead fish infected by P. nagpurensis, 6% infested with Trichodina spp., and 10% infested by unidentified larvae.Key words: parasite, snakehead fish (Channa striata), Palllisentis nagpurensis, Trichodina spp, prevalence

Karakterisasi Morfologi Ikan Bujuk (Channa lucius) pada Perairan Danau Singkarak Sumatera Barat, Rawa Banjiran Tanjung Jabung Timur Jambi dan Rawa Banjiran Kampar Riau

Overfishing, the use of unfriendly-environmental fishing gears, changes of environmental water conditions and diversity of habitats are threaten the continuity of Bujuk fish (Channa lucius) and generate the morphologycal diversity. Consequently, appropriate conservation efforts are needed to preserve the fish. The first phase of these efforts were done through morphological approach. The research was held in 2010 in Singkarak Lake West Sumatera Province, in floodplain, Pematang sub-district Lindung Mendahara Ulu Regency East Tanjung Jabung, Province of Jambi, and in floodplain Mentulik Regency Kampar Kiri Hilir Riau Province. The aims of the research were to analyze the morphological characteristic of the fish with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and to determine the range of similarity between populations of the fish. Determination of the location of fish sampling was conducted by proposive sampling in which there were 30 samples for every research location. The measurement of the specimen was done by digital calipers on the left of the body, at 4 meristic characters and 19 morphometric characters. The data obtained were analyzed by One Way ANOVA and principal component analysis using Statistical software version 13. The results showed that based on the analysis of morphological characteristics of bujuk fish, populations that exist in Lake Singkarak were different from those of Pematang Lindung floodplain sub-district Mendahara Ulu Regency East Tanjung Jabung Jambi Province and Mentulik Regency floodplain Kampar Kiri Hilir Province Riau. The meristic difference was on the number of scales along the lateral line with a value of 0.783. While the main difference on morphometric characters were the snout length with a value of 0.848, and length of upper jaw with a value of 0.847. Thus, the study showed that the fish was isolated geographically into two groups, which were Jambi-Riau population and Singkarak Lake population.

Toxicological Impacts of Gas flaring and Other Petroleum Production Activities in Niger-Delta Environment

In this study, the concentrations of inducers of environmental toxicity such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and biomarkers of environmental toxicants such as oxidative stress enzymes/compounds and liver function enzymes were determined. These parameters were used to assess the pollution status of some Niger-Delta areas; Ebocha/Omoku, Abacheke/Egbema, and Okwuzi/Ohaji, with the aid of two indicator species: cat fish (Ictalurus punctatus) and snakehead fish (Channa argus) from three different water sources; Ebocha/Omoku river, Abacheke river and Okwuzi creek all of which are within the area of oil exploration and production activities in Nigeria. The control fish and water samples were collected from Otamiri River within the Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, with no known oil exploration and production activity. The results obtained indicated significant (p < 0.05) differences between the exploited and the unexploited environment and the need to incorporate biochemical markers in environmental impact assessment of aquatic environments to complements the classical chemical monitoring.

Keragaman ikan di Danau Cala, Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan

The aim of his studi was to evaluate the fish fauna in Danau Cala in dry season, transition season, and the tide season. The survey was conducted 3 times on July 2013, October 2013 and January 2014 as representative of dry, transition and tide seasons. The fish sampling was conducted by gillnets and fish traps. A total of 35 fish species were recorded during the study; 23 species in dry season, it was dominated by tembakang fish (Helostoma temminckii) from family Helosmatidae, Sepat siam fish(Trichogaster pectoralis) from Belontiidae family, and snakehead fish (Channa striata) of Channidae family. A total of 16 species were recorded on transitional seasons where baung fish (Hemibagrus nemurus) of the family Bagridae, and seluang fish (Rasbora sp) of the family Cyprinidae were predominant. In addition, 15 fish species were recorded on tide season which was dominated by baung fish (Hemibagrus nemurus) and tendon fish (Mystus sabanus) of family Bagridae

Genotoxic and Mutagenic Assessment of Hexavalent Chromium in Fish Following In Vivo Chronic Exposure

ABSTRACT Chromium is a well-documented carcinogen. To evaluate the genotoxic potential of hexavalent chromium on an aquatic bio-system, freshwater murrel fish (Channa punctatus) were exposed to potassium dichromate. The 96-h LC50 for potassium dichromate was 61.80 mg/L for the test fish in a static system. On the basis of the 96-h LC50, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of the test chemical. Fish exposed to the test chemical were sampled on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-exposure and blood and gill cells were collected. Significantly (p < .05) higher DNA damage in both lymphocyte and gillcells and micronuclei formation in whole blood was observed at different test concentrations and sampling times of the test chemical as compared to control fish. The mean% tail DNA in the comet tail assay showed a concentration-dependent increase and the maximum% tail DNA was observed on day 7 of exposure in both cells. A similar trend was also observed in micronuclei induction in blood with maximum induction on day 21. Hexavalent chromium showed genotoxic potential in chronic exposure of C. punctatus, and the micronucleus test and the comet assay are the methods for sensitive and rapid detection of the genetic effects.

Acute toxicity of the synthetic pyrethroid pesticide fenvalerate to some air breathing fishes

Lethal concentrations (LC50) of a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, fenvalerate, for three species of air breathing fish Clarias batrachus, Channa punctatus and Heteropneustes fossilis were determined under water and acetone soluble condition in the laboratory using the static bioassay procedure of the American Public Health Association (APHA,1995). Acetone soluble fenvalerate was found more toxic than the water-soluble fenvalerate irrespective of species and exposure periods. The LC50 value upon 96 days exposure to acetone soluble fenvalerate for C. batrachus, Channa C. punctatus and Heteropneustes H. fossilis were 1.35, 1.0 and 0.65 µg L−1, respectively. It is concluded from the present study that fenvalerate is highly toxic even to the hardy air breathing fishes and the pesticide, when dissolved in water, remains photostable and active to render toxicity for long duration.

Trace metals in gills of fish from the Arabian Gulf

Complexation of metals by coordinate linkages with appropriate organic molecules in biological tissues is an important process involved in metal accumulation by aquatic organisms. Fish respiratory systems differ from all other systems because damage to gills has immediate impacts on the rest of the fish's body. Veer et al. observed significant correlation between gill-metal concentration and whole-body weight. More nickel is accumulated in gill tissue of the catfish (Clarias batrachus) than in the liver or intestine. More cadmium is accumulated in gill tissue of the fish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and Channa punctatus (Bloch) than in the liver or kidney. When exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of copper, gills of the freshwater fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton) showed the highest degree of copper accumulation. Petroleum and petrochemical industry wastes contribute significantly to metal enrichment of the Arabian Gulf marine environment. Because accumulation of metal ions is significant in gills, levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb were investigated in gills of fish from potentially impacted areas along the western side of the Arabian Gulf after the 1991 oil-spill. 15 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.