Fishbowl Technique Research Articles

Management of extracted human teeth by dental students in East Coastal Region of India

Background: Dental students practice on extracted human teeth (EHT) in their preclinical to learn professional and technical skills before performing dental procedures on patients. Aim: The aim of the present investigation was to assess the management of EHT among dental students in the east coastal region of India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on II, III, and IV Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) students from five dental colleges in India's east coastal region, which were chosen using the fishbowl technique. Data was collected using a pretested, validated self-administered questionnaire and analysed using the Chi-square test, Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and linear regression. Results: A total of 649 students participated from five dental colleges, among them, 43.6% (283) were II BDS, 29.6% (192) were III BDS, and 26.8% (174) were IV BDS. About 66% of the participants do not know that the EHT are a source of infection; 22% of them noted that there was an incidence of infection with the use of EHT; 81.5% do not know that guidelines have to be given by the regulatory body/institution to handle EHT. Only 2% of the people think it was necessary to disinfect/sterilize EHT before use, while 33% of the study population felt that there was a need to wear mouth masks and gloves while working on EHT. In the study group, only 43% know that formalin was used as a storage/disinfecting medium for EHT and 80% of them experienced hazards due to chemicals used for storage/disinfecting medium of EHT. Conclusion: The results of this investigation stipulated that awareness, attitude, and practices of undergraduate students in relation to the handling of EHT were poor. However, deficiencies were observed in relation to teaching the materials and methods suitable for the management of EHT which reveals the need to incorporate the guidelines in their curriculum.

Patients' Experiences About Exercise Prescription and Education in the Physiotherapy Management of Nonspecific Low-Back Pain.

Low-back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent in the society, and its socioeconomic consequences are quite evident. Physiotherapists play a prominent role in the management of individuals with this condition, and it is, therefore, of utmost importance that physiotherapists engage in the most efficient and effective management practices available. For perceptions of good performance and quality health care, patient experience is an important indicator of effective care and management. A mixed-methods research design—a cross-sectional survey (quantitative research) and a focus group discussion (FGD; qualitative research)—was employed in this study, investigating patients’ experience in physiotherapy management of nonspecific LBP. An adapted questionnaire was used for data collection from purposively selected participants recruited from 3 hospitals in Kubwa, Abuja, from April to August 2018. The FGD involved 6 patients recruited by simple random sampling using the fishbowl technique. Descriptive and thematic analyses were done on data collected. A total of 126 patients (male = 41, female = 85) were included, with a mean age of 51.0 ± 14.6 years, while the modal age-group was 60 to 69 years. Of these, 41 (32.5%) had nonspecific LBP for less than a year, and the 2 most applied interventions were exercise and heat therapy, followed by education/advice. In all, 110 (87.3%) reported positive experience about education, while 119 (94.4%) reported positive experience about exercise prescription. The result from the qualitative research is in conformity with that of the quantitative analysis. Patients with nonspecific LBP received adequate education regarding their condition and had good experience in the course of their physiotherapy management.

Fishbowl Technique towards the Students’ Speaking Skill

The objective of this research is to describe whether or not fishbowl technique can improve students’ speaking of tenth grade of IPS 1 in SMA N 2 Sorong Regency. In this study, the researcher conducted the quantitative research using the method pre-experimental design type of the one group pre-test. Therefore, the researcher took 30 students as the sample from the population. The researcher used SPSS Analysis Version 20.0, the researcher gave the interpretation towards “t” score by comparing t-value with t-table. The researcher interpretation that t-value is 3.048 with the significance value is 0.05. The score of t-table is 2.045 with the significance level of 0.05 with df 29. P-value is 0.0005 < 0.05, it is known that t-value > t-table ( 3.048 > 2.045 ). Meanwhile, the alternative (H1) is accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. It means that using fishbowl technique can improve students speaking skill at the tenth of SMAN 2 Sorong Regency. But this technique is not effective towards students’ speaking skill, because it is not achieve score of KKM that is > 68.

Effect of Deep Cervical Flexor Training on Craniovertebral Angle and Muscle Endurance among Students with Forwarding Head Posture

With the ease of use and a wide variety of choices of smartphones, it significantly affects the ways of life in terms of socializing, applications, gathering, and sharing information. Little do people know that it can also affect posture. This is where an introduction of exercise that targets the muscles involved in the impaired posture comes to maintain a proper posture. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of deep cervical flexor training on the craniovertebral angle and muscle endurance of students with forwarding head posture. The study is an experimental type of research that was utilized on thirty (30) junior high school students who had undergone fishbowl technique selection and were assigned to two (2) groups namely control and experimental group. Craniovertebral angle and deep neck flexor endurance test were used to determine the pre-and post-test of both groups. There is a significant difference in the paired t-test result of the pre-and post-test outcome of deep cervical flexor training of the experimental group in terms of CVA. In contrast to DNFET, there is no significant difference in the paired t-test result of the pre-and post-test intervention of deep cervical flexor training of the experimental group. Deep cervical flexor training is useful to increase CVA.

THE EFFECT OF FISHBOWL TECHNIQUE AND STUDENTS’ INTEREST TOWARD THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY OF SMP XAVERIUS 1 PALEMBANG

This study was purposed at investigating the effect of Fishbowl technique and students’ Interest toward the eighth Grade students’ speaking ability. The population of this study was 300 students of SMP Xaverius 1 Palembang. From the population, there were 30 students taken as sample of experimental group and 30 students were as control group. The sample was taken using two stages random sampling. In carrying out the research, the writer used a factorial group design. Finnaly the calculation using a two-way ANOVA was used to measure an interaction between fishbowl technique and students interest on their speaking ability. Test of Between-Subjects Effects analyses, the significant value of the techniques (fishbowl and conventional) and the students’ interest were 0.422, the probability sig. of technique was 0.175, and the interaction between high and low interest was 0.097 which higher than the significant level of p-value 0.05, it meant that there was no a significant interactions between students’ interest and techniques. So, the research hypothesis that stated “there is no an interaction between fishbowl technique and interest toward students’ speaking ability” was accepted and the null hypothesis was not rejected based on the data finding on chapter four.

THE EDUCATOR’S PERSPECTIVE: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH AT SCHOOL AMONG PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Introduction: School can be considered as a relatively moderate risk working environment due to the various hazards assembled in the school. Nevertheless, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) training is yet to formally inclusive into teachers’ training module, and the current one-off or ad-hoc OSH training mainly targeted among school students. The different OSH awareness exists among teacher and student have hinder the provision of sustainable and effective safety and health training program at school levels. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among primary and secondary school teachers towards OSH at the school environment. Method: A cross-sectional survey carried out at three (3) primary schools and three (3) secondary schools after stratified random sampling. School teachers from these schools were randomly selected among those who had at least one year work experience as permanent teacher at the current school through the fishbowl technique. A structured questionnaire was used and total 136 teachers were assessed on their knowledge, attitude and practices on OSH at schools. Result: Study found that primary and secondary school teachers have different knowledge, attitude and practices of OSH at school levels. Overall, the knowledge level of secondary school teacher (62.1% of high to medium knowledge levels) are higher than the primary school teachers (41.1% of high to medium knowledge levels); at the same time, 93.1% of secondary school teachers show positive attitude while 88.5% of primary school teachers show positive attitude on safety and health atschools. In general, OSH practice level among the primary (88.5%) and secondary school teachers (86.2%) are atrelatively good levels. Besides, there is positive association with knowledge and attitude on OSH behavior among primary school teachers. Apart of this, there is positive but relatively weak association with knowledge and practices and knowledge and attitudes among primary and secondary school teachers. Conclusion: Considering the background differences between primary and secondary school teachers, a sustainable OSH learning mechanism should be planned and designed together with OSH practitioners and Ministry of Education to achieve a sustainable safety and healthy sound school environment for teacher to work and for students to learn.

THE USE OF SAND PAPER LETTERS IN TEACHING THE ENGLISH ALPHABET

This study was conducted as part of the curriculum monitoring program to determine the level of student performance in English, specifically on letter recognition of Royal International School, 2nd Semester, SY 2014-2015.The experimental method was utilized using the Pre Test and Post Test Equivalent Group Design where the lowest performing class was the focus of the study of preschool department. The study involved a total of fourteen (14) students randomly selected from the kindergarten class. Seven (7) samples were identified as control group and seven (7) as experimental group using fish bowl technique to avoid bias, each with an equal chance of being selected. The researcher made sure that both groups were almost identical based on their Pre-Test results, and parameter such as the means were taken into consideration. Findings showed that the use of Sand Paper Letters in the experimental group has a significant effect on student performance. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijtel.2018.23.5562 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

Supplementing research ethics training in psychiatry residents: A five-tier approach.

Ethics training is a key step in the research supervision of psychiatry trainees and there is need for a structured educational module. We developed a new research ethics training module for psychiatry residents - The Five-Tier Approach. Twenty-five first year psychiatry residents of an academic psychiatric training centre in India participated in this multi-session workshop. Module 1 included the completion of NIH online certification course for research ethics training. Module 2 was a one-hour interactive group discussion on ethical principles in research. Module 3 was a two-hour session consisting of case-based group discussion of nine selected research vignettes. Module 4 involved preparation of an informed consent form. Module 5 was a mock ethics committee role-played by seven students while the larger group observed using a Fish Bowl technique and provided feedback. Assessments were done during the third and final modules. During the third module, understanding regarding certain areas - autonomy, benefits and justice was found to be inadequate. In the final step, all ethical aspects were covered by the students. This five-tier approach seems like a superior tool for research ethics training in academic institutions, especially in Southeast Asia, where the student-teacher ratios are generally very high.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FISHBOWL TECHNIQUE TOWARDS STUDENTS’ SELF EFFICACY IN SPEAKING

This study is generally attempted to find out whether or not of Fishbowl technique effective towards students’ self efficacy in speaking for second grade students of SMPN 1 Sikur academic year 2017/2018. method of this research was applied is experimental research (quantitative approach). The population of this research was of second grade students at SMPN 1 Sikur. which consistes of eight classes. the samples, were VIII A as experimental class, and VIII C as control class. They were chosen by using cluster random sampling technique with lottery. Experimental class was treated by using fishbowl technique, and control class was treated by using role play. The technique which was used to analysis the data was test formula. From the research data found out that the students’ t-test score (1,73) and t-table (1,667) from (df) was 64. Based on the result of the study, and the correlation between self-efficacy and speaking was r-test (2,70) > r-table (0,320). It can be concluded that the use of fishbowl technique has positive effect toward students’ self-efficacy in speaking and has correlation both of them at the second grade students SMPN 1 Sikur academic year 2017/2018.

Learning Styles and Mathematics Performance of Grade Eight Students in Los Baaos Integrated School, S.Y. 201442015

This research aimed to determine the relationship between students’ learning styles of grade eight students and their mathematics performance during the 1st quarter in Los Banos Integrated School, Los Banos, Laguna. The instrument used in this study is the Learning Style inventory questionnaire adapted from Dr. John Golden, a Michigan math professor and proprietor of the MathHombre blog and based from the learning styles of Harvey Silver. The questionnaire is divided into two parts: the first part is the respondent’s profile which consists of name and sex then the second part is the items which consist of 10 items for each learning style: Mastery, Interpersonal, Understanding and Self-expressive respectively. The instrument, learning style inventory questionnaire, was administered to 187 randomly selected respondents. Male respondents are greater than the female respondents having 95 and 92 respondents respectively. They are chosen through “draw-lots” or fishbowl technique. The data gathered from the questionnaires are analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentage distribution and inferential statistics including Chi-square test (non-parametric) to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The students who belong to mastery learning style consist of 53 or 28.34% is the highest learning style of all the respondents. Under the level of performance in mathematics, the dominant level is the developing level in which the student at this level possesses the minimum knowledge and skills and core understandings, but needs help throughout the performance of authentic tasks. A chi-square test was utilized to analyze if there is a significant relationship between respondent’s learning styles and level of performance in mathematics. The study revealed that there is no significant relationship between the variables, the degree of freedom is 16 computed from the formula, the Computed X2 – value is 16.984 and the tabular X2 – value at .05 level of significance is 20.30. Therefore, the hypothesis stating that there is no significant relationship between Grade eight students’ learning styles and their mathematics performance is accepted. Similar studies need to be conducted to further measure the associations of learning styles and students’ mathematical performance of other variables which were not included in this study. Moreover, conduct seminars and trainings for students to enhance students’ learning styles towards mathematics.

THE EFFECT OF A COOPERATIVE SCRIPT IN ENHANCING THE STUDENTS’ NARRATIVE WRITING

Abstract The objective of this study is to find out and analyze empirically the effects ofcooperative script in enhancing the narrative writing of students The study used experimental method with a control and experimental group. The study of population was 80 students ‘electrical Engineering in the second semester at Muhammadiyah Lampung University 2016/2017. The subjects of the study were taken from the seven sections randomly elected by the fishbowl technique. The data collection method used pretest and posttest while data analysis used t-tests in SPSS 16.0 The study of results showed that the mean scores in the pre-test and post-test in both control and experimental groups significantly varied. First, the treatment or the cooperativescript significantly increased the performance of the second semester students in narrative text writing, from good to very good. Second, a significant difference existed in the post-test mean scores of the control and experimental groups. The treatment increased the performance of the second semester students in narrative writing. Third, the use of a cooperativescript significantly affected the performance, particularly of the experimental group . Keywords: Cooperative Script, Writing Skill, Narrative Text

An assessment of knowledge and factors that exposed young female student nurses to hiv infection at the university of Namibia, oshakati campus

Background: This study presents an assessment of knowledge and an investigation of specific factors that expose young female student nurses to HIV and AIDS at university of Namibia, Oshakati Campus. The concern over to what young female student nurses are able to control various issues of their sexual lives is critical question for health promotion and the prevention of further HIV infection. Student nurses are believed to have adequate information about HIV and AIDS compared to other young people in the communities.Aim: To assess HIV and AIDS knowledge levels and investigates factors that make young female nurses vulnerable to HIV infection at UNAM, Oshakati CampusMethod: A mixed-method approach was employed to collect the necessary data, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodology. Qualitative data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire whereas qualitative data was gathered by means of focus group discussions. Quantitative data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 18, and results from the focus group discussions were grouped into themes and subthemes and analyzed using thematic analysis. Random sampling with replacement technique namely, the fishbowl technique was used to select respondent and participants. This ensures equal and independent chance of being selected each time.Results: Most respondents indicated to have adequate knowledge about HIV and AIDS and had positive attitude necessary to effect behavioral change and implementation of prevention and care strategies. Most respondents were aware of their risk factors and aspects that increased individual vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. While the knowledge and attitude were identified as adequate, the practices of the respondents did not explicit indicate adequate level of responsible behavior among the young female student nurses in the face of HIV and AIDS.Conclusion: Student nurses identified HIV and AIDS as a problem of “others” and continue to report that infection would be an accidental exposure as a result of their profession or perceived powerless over sexual matters and income inequalities. Prevention remains a challenge in planning programs needed to address risky sexual behavior among students due to structural, social, socio-economic dynamics, individual circumstances, gender and biological vulnerability.

Abstract: Evaluation of the Use and Value of Nursing Care Plans in Nursing Practice at a Referral Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda: Nurses’ Perspectives

Background: The use of nursing care plans within nursing process is geared to move toward a more systematic approach to human needs assessment. The nursing care plan will support practice modalities by meeting physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of patients resulting in quality nursing care.Objectives: The objectives of this study was to explore and describe the use of nursing care plans at a large teaching hospital in Rwanda.Methods: A non-experimental quantitative cross-sectional survey design, descriptive in nature was adopted. A checklist was utilized to conduct a file review through a stratified random sample and fishbowl technique (25%, n=101). A self-report questionnaire was used to conduct an assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of registered nurses (n=28) in four units.Results: This study showed that most nurses (96%) felt that the use of nursing care plans increased the nurses’ ability to provide high quality care; but only 16% of the audited files had evidence of a care plan. The main thrust of reported barriers to care plan utilization noted by registered nurses included a lack of training, inaccessibility to available evidence-based nursing practice, and heavy workload.Conclusion: This study supports the need for creating increased awareness of the importance of nursing care plans and evidence based practice among registered nurses. Knowledge and training will increase the utilization of care plans by nurses’ usage and they will add to the existing quality improvement in clinical practice in the hospital.Keywords: registered nurse, nursing care plans, quantitative survey

IMPLEMENTATION OF GROUP WORK IN THE CLASSROOM

One of the techniques which is a breakthrough to traditional lock step language teaching is group work. The traditional lockstep language teaching focuses teaching language on the explicit explanation of grammatical aspects, asking students to read and translate line by line, memorizing difficult words, repeating words, phrases and sentences, and memorizing dialogues. This way, students tend to be passive and have lack of language practice in the classroom. In other words, language teaching focuses on presenting grammatical knowledge, not on the use of language. The traditional teaching now has been replaced by the various innovative and effective language teaching techniques since the emergence of communicative language teaching in 1970s. One of them is group work. Group work is learning together in a small group of four or five to work with language. Through group work, students can have more chance to practice the use of language in the classroom. Many research findings show that group work is superior to traditional language teaching in terms of learning achievement. Some of the activities which can be implemented through group work in the classroom are to be presented in this paper. They are game, role play, project, information gap, jigsaw, think pair and share, debate, enquiry technique, prioritizing (Expedition to Gunoeng Leuser), and fishbowl technique.

Candidates’ Profile and Forums’ Acceptability in the Communities of Sogod, Southern Leyte, Philippines

Candidates’ forums provide information about the candidates’ profile andability. This descriptive study gathered the candidates’ profile; determinedcases of vote buying; and determined forum acceptability. Data were gatheredusing questionnaire; three judges’ evaluated speakers’ speeches using scoresheets. Only communities with more than one candidate for captain andmore than seven for councilors were considered. Fishbowl technique determinedthe data used. A&S meeting for evaluationand consultation with candidatesfor comments or suggestions for improvementsweredone. Percentagewas used for data analysis. Resultswereas follows:majority weremale,electedcaptains gaveextemporaneous speechwhile elected councilors gaveacombinationofmemorizedandimpromptuspeech;theelectedcaptains’speechlength was 6’01 – 7’00 minutes while that of the elected councilorswas3’01 – 4’00 minutes; the captains wereverymuch readywhile councilorswereonly much readyto givespeech; the captains had much loud/much clear voice while the councilors had loud and clear voice; both elected captains andcouncilors were much ready to answer questions an did not have stage fright;forums were very much acceptable to the people and much acceptable to thecandidates; the people and the candidates were very much willing to attendand host the forums; the elected captains’ speeches were very much acceptablewhile that of the councilors weremuch acceptable; bothelected officialshadverygood answersto questions; nearly all respondentsreportedcases ofvotebuying, but majority believedthat they won not because of votebuying.Keywords: Acceptability, candidates’ forum, community, campaign speech, panel’squestion, vote buying, Philippines

Developing Scholarly Thinking Using Mind Maps in Graduate Nursing Education

Two broad issues that beginning graduate nursing students face are identifying a research focus and learning how to organize complex information. Developing a mind map is 1 strategy to help students clarify their thinking and lay the foundation for in-depth expertise related to their research focus, review of the literature, and conceptual framework. The authors discuss their use of mind mapping combined with feedback using a fishbowl technique.

Intraorganizational human resource auditing of Ashas in Harahua block of Varanasi

Intra-organizational auditing of human resource (AHR) evaluates personnel skill inventory in the organization towards identifying workers’ potential and capabilities for desired output. Thus, it is mandatory that such evaluation of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) by respective Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) could explore output components. The objectives of this study were to (1) obtain quantitative assessment of ASHAs by respective ANMs for pre-identified job competencies, namely, work aptitude, work culture and community involvement; (2) study the relationship between various attributes and socio-demographic factors with the overall job competency of the ASHAs. Twelve attributes for ASHAs’ AHR on a 3-point Likert scale, designed by 4 experts, were selected through factor analysis after pretesting and clubbed into three job-competency groups, namely, five attributes for ‘work aptitude’ evaluation, four for ‘work culture’ and three for ‘community involvement’. The 42 ANMs of Harahua block, Varanasi were trained by the researcher using a Fish Bowl Technique for homogeneous decision making while recording response to the attributes. The intra-organizational AHR was conducted by them on 209 ASHAs. In order to study the correlations, information from 97 ASHAs was collected. Less than 50% score was obtained by 28.2% of the ASHAs. ‘Self-initiative’ was observed to be significantly poor (<0.01). ‘Situation adaptability’ and ‘programme compliance’ differed significantly from ‘attendance’ and ‘punctuality’. ‘Leadership’ and ‘community relationship’ scores had significant difference (p=0.002). Key words: Intra-organizational human resource audit, skill inventory of ASHA.

Teaching a fishbowl tutorial: sink or swim?

The fishbowl method is a small group teaching technique in which a number of students engage in a discussion while observers form a circle around them. We use this method to teach medical interviewing skills, with students interviewing a simulated patient (SP) whilst being observed by their peers and a clinical tutor. However, there is little evidence to guide teachers on how best to structure a fishbowl tutorial. Our aim was to develop guidelines for teaching medical interviewing skills in the context of a fishbowl tutorial by assessing preferred teaching approaches for all participants (students, tutors and SPs). Participant preferences for teaching in the fishbowl were established using questionnaires designed to seek participants' opinions on various aspects of fishbowl tutorials, integrating key areas of difficulty highlighted during SP and tutor training sessions. Across most items there was a high degree of consistency in the preferences of tutors, students and SPs, which enabled us to develop a set of guidelines for running a fishbowl tutorial to be used for our teaching programme. We found this process to be acceptable to all parties and relatively simple to perform. It helped us to define our preferred procedures for teaching medical interviewing skills using the fishbowl method. The process of gauging participant opinion to develop teaching guidelines is appropriate for use by other institutions to inform their teaching practices in the fishbowl technique, although the nature of the guidelines may differ across teaching settings. Further research is required to determine if the implementation of these guidelines improves student satisfaction with fishbowl tutorials.

Public Officials' Profile and Skills in Presiding Meetings, Writing Agenda, Minutes and Resolutions

Local legislation is effective for good governance. Legislators must be proficient in presiding meetings, drafting resolution, formulating agenda, taking down minutes and writing official communications. This study assesses public officials' profile in presiding meetings and in writing agenda, taking down minutes and drafting resolutions. The study used the descriptive design. Fish bowl technique determines 23 Village captains, their councilors, SK chairmen, secretaries and treasurers as respondents. Results revealed that most captains and councilors are male; most secretaries and treasurers are female. Majority are 50 years and below; Most are college graduates/college level; first termer. Councilors are reelected. Majority of the secretaries and treasurers are reappointed. Majority have attended one seminar on writing agenda/resolutions. Nearly all captains and secretaries can formulate agenda while majority of the councilors and treasurers cannot. Majority of the captains, councilors, and treasurers claim they cannot take down minutes and cannot draft resolutions. The study concludes that officials lack competence in presiding meetings and writing resolutions.

Designing for youth across the Gulf: Fishbowl on how today's methods, theory and findings can support tomorrow's designs

Designing for youth across the Gulf: Fishbowl on how today's methods, theory and findings can support tomorrow's designs